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VimalaTemple
ClusteroftemplesinthesouthernpartofJagannathtemplecomplex,includingtheVimalatemple(extremeright).c.1890.
LocationwithinOrissa
Coordinates: 194817N85496E
Location
Country: India
State: Orissa
District: Puri
VimalaTempleFromWikipedia,thefreeencyclopedia
TheVimalaTempleorBimala
TempleisaHindutemple
dedicatedtogoddessVimala(Bimala),locatedwithinthe
JagannathTemplecomplexin
PuriintheIndianstateofOrissa.
Itisgenerallyregardedasa
ShaktiPitha,amongtheholiest
templesdedicatedtotheHindu
Goddess.
Thetempleislocatedinthe
south-westcorneroftheinner
enclosureoftheJagannath
templecomplexandonthe
westerncornerofthetowerof
Jagannath,nexttothesacred
pondRohinikunda.Thetemple
faceseastandisbuiltofsandstoneandlaterite.Itisbuilt
intheDeulastylewithfourcomponents;vimana(structure
containingthesanctum),
jagamohana(assemblyhall),
nata-mandapa(festivalhall)and
bhoga-mandapa(hallof
offerings).Thetemplewasrenovatedaround2005andis
maintainedbytheArchaeological
SurveyofIndia,Bhubaneswar
Circle.
VimalaTemple
Coordinates:194817N85496
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Orissa_locator_map.svghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Orissa_locator_map.svghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Orissa_locator_map.svghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Archaeological_Survey_of_Indiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Archaeological_Survey_of_Indiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bhubaneswarhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mandapahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vimanahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deulahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sandstonehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Devihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Devihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Devihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shakti_Pithahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Purihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orissahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jagannath_Temple,_Purihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hindu_templehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Minor_temples_in_Jagannath_Puri.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Minor_temples_in_Jagannath_Puri.jpghttp://tools.wmflabs.org/geohack/geohack.php?pagename=Vimala_Temple¶ms=19_48_17_N_85_49_6_E_type:landmark_region:IN_scale:5000http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geographic_coordinate_systemhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Orissa_locator_map.svghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bhubaneswarhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Archaeological_Survey_of_Indiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mandapahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jagamohanahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vimanahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deulahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lateritehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sandstonehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pancha_Tirtha_of_Purihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Devihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shakti_Pithahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orissahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Purihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jagannath_Temple,_Purihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hindu_templehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Puri_districthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orissahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indiahttp://tools.wmflabs.org/geohack/geohack.php?pagename=Vimala_Temple¶ms=19_48_17_N_85_49_6_E_type:landmark_region:IN_scale:5000http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geographic_coordinate_systemhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Minor_temples_in_Jagannath_Puri.jpg -
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Locale: JagannathTemple
premises
Architectureandculture
Primarydeity: Vimala(Bimala)
Important
festivals:
DurgaPuja
Architectural
styles:
Kalingaarchitecture
(Deula)
History
Datebuilt:
(Currentstructure)
9thcentury
Website: http://www.jagannath.nic.in
Thoughasmallshrineinthe
templecomplex,theVimala
templeisimportanttothe
Goddess-orientedShaktaand
Tantricworshippers,whorevere
itevenmorethanthemain
Jagannathshrine.VimalaisconsideredtobetheTantric
consortofJagannathanda
guardianofthetemplecomplex.
DevoteespayrespecttoVimala
beforeworshippingJagannathin
themaintemple.Foodofferedto
Jagannathdoesnotget
sanctifiedasMahaprasaduntilitisalsoofferedtoVimala.The
Goddess-orientedfestivalofDurgaPujaintheHindumonthofAshvin(October)
iscelebratedforsixteendaysatVimala,culminatingwithVijayadashami.
Contents
1History
2Architecture
2.1Vimana
2.2Jagamohana
2.3Natamandapa
2.4Bhogamandapa
3Religioussignificance
3.1InShaktiPithalists4Worship
4.1Foodofferings
5References
6Bibliography
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vijayadashamihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ashvinhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hindu_monthhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Durga_Pujahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mahaprasad_(Jagannath_Temple)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tantrahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shaktahttp://www.jagannath.nic.in/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deulahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kalinga_architecturehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Durga_Puja -
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AtypicalDeulatempleplan.Theplanis
similartoVimalaTemple,exceptthe
outermosthallwhichisapidha-deulainthe
VimalaTemple,aKhakharadeulainthe
diagram.
andisbuiltofsandstoneandlaterite.ItisbuiltintheDeulastylethathasfourcomponentsnamely,vimana(structurecontainingthesanctum),jagamohana
(assemblyhall),nata-mandapa(festivalhall)andbhoga-mandapa(hallof
offerings).Thetempleis
maintainedandwasrenovated
around2005bytheArchaeological
SurveyofIndia,BhubaneswarCircle.[2]
Vimana
ThevimanaisaRekhadeula(atallbuildingwithashapeofsugarloaf),
60feet(18m)inheightandin
shapeof15feet(4.6m)square.It
standsona2feet(0.61m)
platform,whichisdecoratedwith
lotusandotherfloraldesignsand
scrollwork.Theouterwallofthe
vimanaisdividedinto5parts(from
basetotop):pabhaga,talajangha,bandhana,uparajanghaandbaranda.Thenichesandinterveningrecessesofthefirstpartofthewallareornate,withkhakharamundis(atypeofniche),scrollwork,floraldesigns,creepers,love-makingcouplesandNagas(serpent-
men).Thenichesandinterveningrecessesofthesecondpartofthewallare
alsodecoratedwithkhakharamundis,simhavidalas(alion-facedbeast),Gajavidalas(aelephant-facedliontramplingalion),jaliwork,scrollwork,sikshadanascene(sagesteachingdisciples)andkirtimukha(amonsterface)motifs,alongwiththefigurinesofeightDikpalas(guardiangodsofthedirections
andsomegoddesses.Thethirdpartoftheouterwallhastwohorizontal
mouldingsdecoratedwithalasa-kanyas(beautifulhumanmaidens),scrollworkandfloralandlotusmotifs.Thenichesandrecessesofthefourthpartofthewall
aredecoratedwithpidhamundis(atypeofniche),simhavidalas,eroticscenes,alasa-kanyas,scrollwork,jaliworkandfloraldesigns,alongwithfiguresoftheconsortsoftheDikpalas,NagasandtheirfemaleconsortNaginisandvarious
goddesses.TheDikpalasandtheirconsortsareseenwiththeirmountsand
alignedtotheirrespectivedirections.[2]
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dikpalahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Motif_(visual_arts)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kirtimukhahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jalihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gajavidalahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yali_(Hindu_mythology)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/N%C4%81gahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maithunahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scrollworkhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lotus_(plant)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sugarloafhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deula#Rekha_Deulahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bhubaneswarhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Archaeological_Survey_of_Indiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mandapahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jagamohanahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vimanahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deulahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lateritehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sandstonehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Simplified_schema_of_Kalinga_architecture.jpg -
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Imagesoftheparshvadevatas(attendantdeities)areplacedinthecentral
nichesoftheouterwall(bada)onthreesides:theeight-armedDurgaslayingMahishasuraonthesouth;thesix-armedgoddessChamundastandingon
Shivaonthewestandanemptynicheonthenorth,whichprobablyhada
goddessfigurethatwasstolen.ThelinteloftheattendantdeitynichehasGaja
Lakshmifigurines.Theframesofthenichesaredecoratedwithscrollworkand
kirtimukhamotifsandtwofemaleattendantsaccompanyeachniche.Theuppermostpartoftheouterwallhastenhorizontalmouldings,ornatewith
scrollwork,kirtimukhaandlotusandfloralmotifs.Withinthevimanaliesthe
garbhagriha(sanctum),whichistoppedwithapancharatha-style,curvilineartemplepinnacle.[2]
ThegoddessVimalaisdeifiedwithinthesanctum,thesixthcenturyinner
chamberthatisdevoidofwalldecorations.[1]ThecentraliconofVimalaholdsa
rosaryintheupperrighthand.Herlowerrighthandisheldinaboon-givinggestureandherlowerleftholdsapitcher,consideredtobefilledwith
amrita(celestialelixiroflife).Theattributeintheupperlefthandisheavilydisputed.Descriptionsincludeahumanfigurine,anagini,amermaid,anaga-
pasha(serpent-noose)orsomeotherobject.Sheholdsnoweaponsnormally
attributedtoDurga.Theiconisinstalledonasimhasana(lion-throne),adornedwiththefiguresofthegoddess'femaleattendantsChhayaandMayaonthe
sides.Theimageissaidtobemadeoflakha(atypeofwax)andslightlytallerthan4feet(1.2m).[5][1][2]
Thesanctumdoor,withaflightofstairs,leadsdowntothejagamohana.The
lintelhastheGajaLakshmifigurineinthecentresurroundedwithapsaras
(celestialmaidens).TheNavagraha(deitiesoftheclassicalplanets)arecarved
abovethelintel.Thedoorjambsaredecoratedscrollwork,creepers,flowersand
boysplaying.Twogate-keepersculptorssurroundthedoor.[2]
Jagamohana
Thejagamohanaormukhasalaisapidhadeula(squarebuildingwithapyramidshapedroof),35feet(11m)inheightwitha25feet(7.6m)squarebase.It
standsona2feet(0.61m)highplatform,whichisdecoratedwithfloraldesigns
andscrollwork.Theouterwallisdividedinto5parts,asinthevimana.The
nichesandinterveningrecessesofthefirstpartareadornedwithKhakharamundiniches(havingamorouscouplesanderoticscenes),Nagapilasters,
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deula#Pidha_Deulahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dvarapalahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Navagrahahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apsarahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pashahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amritahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Varadamudrahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sikharahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pancharathahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Garbhagrihahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gaja_Lakshmihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lintelhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chamunda -
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scrollwork,jaliworkandfloralmotifs.Thetalajanghahasthesamemotifsasthevimana'ssecondpartofthewall,barringthegoddesses.Thethirdpartofthe
wallhasthreehorizontalmouldings.Thefourthpartofthewallalsoresemblesits
counterpartinthevimana,exceptitdoesnothavetheNagaandgoddess
sculptures.Theuppermostpartofthewallhassevenhorizontalmouldings,the
centralportionofwhichisdecoratedwithdancingwomen,amorouscouples,
elephants,deer,scrollworkandjaliwork.Thegavaksha(decorativearch)onthenorthernandsouthernsidesareroyalcourtandsikshadanascenes,withabalustradedwindowoneachside.Theframesofthewindowsaredecorated
withscrollwork,jaliwork,playingboys,floraldesigns,creepersanddancing
women.Thestructureistoppedwithapyramidalshikhara.Theinnerwallshave
noornamentation.Thejagamohanahastwodoorways:onetowardsthe
sanctum(alreadydiscussedinvimanasection)andothertowardsthe
natamandapa,whichissimilarinstyleanddecorationtotheformer.[2]
Natamandapa
Thenatamandapaisapidhadeula,22feet(6.7m)inheightandinshapeofrectangle35feet(11m)inlengthby18feet(5.5m).Itisprobablyalateraddition
totheoriginaltemple,whichconsistedofthevimanaandjagamohana.Itstands
ona3.5feet(1.1m)platform.Thefivedivisionsoftheouterwallare
undecorated.Itistoppedwithasmallpyramidalpinnacle.Thenatamandapahas
fourdoorways,oneoneachsideofthewall.Innerwallsofthenatamandapaare
adornedwithPattachitra-styletraditionalOrissanpaintings,depictingsixteen
formsoftheHinduGoddess,includingtheMahavidyas. [2]
Bhogamandapa
Thebhogamandapaisapidhadeula,20feet(6.1m)inheightandinshapeof
15feet(4.6m)square.Itstandsona4feet(1.2m)platform.Thefiveouterwalldivisionsareundecorated.Itistoppedwithasmallpinnacle.Aneight-armed
dancingGaneshaanda12-armed,six-headedstandingKartikeya(botharethe
sonsofParvatiansShiva)occupynichesonthewesterninnerwall.Theceiling
hasfloralpaintingswithalotusdesigninthemiddle,suspendingdownwards.
Thebhogamandapahasfourdoorways,openingoneachside.Twofemale
gatekeepersguardeachdoor.Aflightofstepsattheeasterndoorwayservesas
themainentranceofthetemple.[2]
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muruganhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ganeshahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mahavidyashttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pattachitrahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chandrashala -
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Jagannathtemplecomplex
Attheentrancetotheshrineoutsidethebhogamandapa,thereisa4feet
(1.2m)Gaja-Simha,thelionthegoddess'vahana(mountorvehicle)ridingoveranelephant,symbolizingthevictoryofgoodoverevil.Itiscoveredbyaflat
roof.[1][2]
ReligioussignificanceTheVimalaTempleisconsideredoneofthe
ShaktiPithas,themostsacredtemplesofthe
HinduGoddess,identifiedwithParvatiorDurgaas
consortofthegodShiva.Itisconsideredtobea
primeexampleoftheimportanceoftheShakticult
inOrissa.[6]ItiscustomarytoworshipShivaat
eachShaktiPithaintheformofBhairava,themalecounterpartorguardianofthepresidinggoddess
oftheShaktiPitha.[7]
InGoddess-orientedworship,Vimala(Bimala)isregardedasthepresiding
goddessofthePurushottama(Puri)ShaktiPitha. [2]Jagannath,aformofthego
Vishnu/Krishna(KrishnaisgenerallyregardedasanavatarofVishnu),is
worshippedasthePitha'sBhairava.Thisisadeparturefromtheusualtradition
ofBhairavaasaformofShiva.So,inthistemplecomplex,VishnuoneoftheHindutrinityisequatedwithShiva,anotherofthetrinity;thisisinterpretedto
conveytheonenessofGod.Inthisregard,Vimala-generallyassociatedwith
Shiva'sconsort-isalsoconsideredasLakshmi,theconsortofVishnu.[1]
Conversely,TantricsconsiderJagannathasShiva-Bhairava,ratherthanaform
ofVishnu.[8]
ThemainsanctumoftheJagannathTemplehasthreedeities:Jagannath,
Balabhadra(elderbrotherofKrishna,sometimesidentifiedwithShiva)andSubhadra(theyoungersisterofKrishnaandBalabhadra).InJagannath-centric
traditions,whileLakshmiistheorthodoxconsortofJagannathinthetemple
complex,VimalaistheTantric(heterodox)consortandguardiangoddessofthe
templecomplex.[9][2]
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bhairavihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Katyayinihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lakshmihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Subhadrahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Balabhadrahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jagannath_Templehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tantrahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lakshmihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trimurtihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Krishnahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vishnuhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jagannathhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bhairavahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shivahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Durgahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parvatihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shakti_Pithahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vahanahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Temple-Jagannath.jpg -
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Jagannath(pictured),the
presidingGodofthe
templecomplex,is
describedastheBhairava
orconsortofthegoddessVimala.
VimalaisidentifiedwiththegoddessesKatyayini,Durga,Bhairavi,
BhuvaneshvariandEkanamshainvarioustextsandrituals.Sheisconsidered
theshaktiofVishnuaswellasShivaintheclimacticDurgaPujafestivitiesinthe
temple.SheappearsasMahishasuramardini(Durgaasslayerofthedemon
Mahishasura)orVijayalakshmi(thewarriorformofLakshmi)inNewDelhiKonarkstele,13thcenturystonesteleoriginallyfromKonarkSunTempleand
nowhousedinNationalMuseum,NewDelhi. [10][2]
InShaktiPithalists
AccordingtoHindulegend,Sati,thedaughterof
PrajapatiDaksha,marriedShivaagainstthewishofDaksha.Dakshaorganisedagreatyajna
(sacrifice),butdidnotinviteSatiandShiva.
Uninvited,Satireachedtheyajna-site,where
DakshaignoredSatiandvilifiedShiva.Unableto
withstandthisinsult,Satisacrificedherselfinthe
fire.Thewild,grief-strickenShivawanderedthe
universewithherhalf-burntcorpse.Finally,Vishnu
dismemberedherbodyinto52parts,eachof
whichfellondifferentplacesontheearth,each
creatingaShaktiPitha.[7]
ThelistofShaktiPithasdifferinvariousreligious
texts.ManymentionVimalaorJagannathtemple
complexasaShaktiPitha,andcallsthelocationbyvariousnames.Inthe KalikPurana,fourPithas(centresofTantrism)arementioned,correspondingtothefourcardinaldirections.TheOddiyanaorUddiyana(nowclearlyidentifiedas
Orissa)inthewesthoststhetempleofKatyayini(identifiedwithVimala)andher
consortJagannath.TheHevajaraTantra,whichhasasimilarlist,alsomentionsKatyayiniastheBhairaviandJagannathastheBhairavainthePithaofUdra
(Odra,identifiedwithOrissa).[11][12]
ThePithanirnayaorMahapithanirupanasectionfromtheTantrachudamanimentionsViraja-kshetrainUtkala(present-dayOrissa)asaShaktiPitha,with
Vimalaasthepresidinggoddess(Devi),JagannathasBhairavaandhernavel
asthebodypartthatfellhere.Oneversionofthistext,however,demotesthesit
fromaPithatoanupa-Pitha(subordinatePitha).Here,theUcchishta(thatis,
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orissahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Utkalahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tantrahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kalika_Puranahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yajnahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dakshahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prajapatihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sati_(goddess)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Museum,_New_Delhihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Konark_Sun_Templehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stelehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ashtalakshmihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mahishasurahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mahishasuramardinihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Durga_Pujahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shaktihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ekanamshahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bhuvaneshvarihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bhairavihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Katyayinihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Jagannath_during_2011.jpg -
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left-overorpartiallyeatenfood)ofSatiissaidtobethe"fallenpart"( anga-pratyanga)andthetemplelocationiscalledNilachalor"Bluemountain",whichithetraditionalnameofthesiteoftheJagannathtemplecomplex. [13]Nilachalor
NilaParvatismentionedasanupa-pithaalsointheShiva-charitawithVimalaandJagannathastheDeviandBhairavarespectively.[14]
TheTantricworkKubjikaTantranamesVimalaamong42SiddhaPithas,whereSiddhis-asetofunusualskills-canbegained.[15]TheDeviBhagavataPurana,PranaToshiniTantraandBrihanNilaTantranametheVimalatempleasaPithaintheirlistof108temples.[16][17]TheMatsyaPuranamentionsPurushottamaKshetrawithgoddessVimalaasaShaktiPitha.TheVamanaPurananotesitasasacredpilgrimagesite.TheMahapithaNirupanamalsomentionsVimalaandJagannathasdeitiesofthePitha.IntheNamasttotraSataaPuraniclistof100mothergoddesses,VimalaofPurushottamaisnamed. [17]
TheDeviPuranaalsomentionsitasaPithawherefeetofSatifell.[18][1][2]
Worship
ThepeopleofOrissatakeprideintheVimalatemple.Theyconsideritthemost
importanttempletotheGoddessandamust-visit.Devoteesvisitthetemple
religiouslyeverydayandrecitehymnsfromtheDeviMahatmya,attributedtothe
sageMarkandeya,DebyaparadhakshyamapanastotrambyAdiShankaraandVimalastakamcomposedbyPurusottamRakshit.[1]ItisprescribedthatdevoteespaytheirrespectstothegoddessVimalabeforeworshipping
Jagannathinthemaintemple.[8][19]ThewatersofRohinikunda,thetirtha(sacredpool)ofVimala,arealsoconsideredholy.[19]Tantricsoftenvisitthe
temple,whichtheyconsidermoreimportantthanthecentralJagannathshrine. [2
TheGoddess-orientedfestivalofDurgaPujaintheHindumonthofAshvin
(October)iscelebratedforsixteendays,culminatingwithVijayadashami. [8]On
Vijayadashami,VimalaisworshippedbythetitularGajapatikingofPuriasthe
goddessDurga,whoisbelievedtohaveslainthedemonMahishasuraonthis
day.TheearliestrecordofthisistheNewDelhiKonarkstele,whichnarratethatKingNarasimhadevaI(reign:12381264)worshippedDurga-Madhava(Vimala
Jagannath)onthetenthdayofDurgaPuja,thatis,Vijayadashami.[20]Asthe
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Narasimhadeva_Ihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Durgahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gajapati_Kingdomhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vijayadashamihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ashvinhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hindu_monthhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Durga_Pujahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stotramhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Markandeyahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Devi_Mahatmyahttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Devi_Purana&action=edit&redlink=1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Puranichttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vamana_Puranahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Matsya_Puranahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Devi_Bhagavata_Puranahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siddhihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nilachalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Etiquette_of_Indian_dining#Contamination_with_saliva -
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FoodofferingstoJagannath
becomeMahaprasad(pictured)afterbeingoffered
toGoddessVimala.
goddessisbelievedtoassumeadestructiveaspectduringtheDurgaPuja,
womenaredebarredinthetempleastheyareconsideredtoo"weak-hearted"to
witnessthisterribleformofthegoddess.[1]
Foodofferings
Generally,noseparatefoodofferingsare
cookedforthegoddessVimala.Thegoddess
isdescribedtosurviveontheremnants
(Ucchishta)ofJagannath'smeals.[1]ThevegetarianfoodofferingstoJagannathare
offeredtoVimala,afterwhichtheyare
sanctifiedasMahaprasad(seealsoprasad).TheMahaprasadconsistsofdriedricemixedwithgratedcoconut,cheese,curdand
butter.[19][1]TheShankaracharya,headoftheGovardhanamatha,receivesa
potofthemahaprasadandaplateofkhichdithatisofferedtothegoddess,the
presidinggoddess(Adya-shakti)ofthemathaaswellasofthetemple.[20]
ThelegendnarratesthetalebehindthetraditionofofferingtheUcchishta,whichotherwiseisatabooinHinduism.Once,ShivaonavisittoVishnu'sabode
Vaikuntha,sawthatafewfoodgrains(Ucchishta)hadfallenonthegroundafterVishnufinishedhismeal.Shivaquicklypickedupagrainandswallowedit.
Unbeknownsttohim,halfofitstucktohisbeard.Whenhereturnedtohisabode
thesageNaradasawthehalfgrainonShiva'sbeard,andateit.Parvati,Shiva's
consort,wasupsetthatherrightfulshareofVishnu'sprasadhadbeeneatenby
Narada.Inapeevedmood,shewenttoVishnuandcomplained.Vishnupacifie
hersayingthatintheKaliYuga(thepresenteraasperHindubeliefs),shewould
liveatPuriasVimala,andwoulddailyeattheremnantsofhisfood. [1]
Theonlytimeintheyearwhenseparatefoodiscookedforthegoddessiswhen
sheisofferednon-vegetarianofferings.DuringDurgaPuja,Vimalaisoffered
non-vegetarianfoodandanimalsacrifice,traditionallyofferedtotheHindu
MotherGoddess.Thegoddessisconsideredtoassumeadestructiveform
duringthefestivalandthemeatisconsiderednecessarytoplacateher.Instrict
secrecyduringthepre-dawnhours,animalsacrificeofahe-goatisofferedinthe
temple,whilefishfromthesacredMarkandatempletankarecookedandoffered
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kali_Yugahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Naradahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vaikunthahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Khichdihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shankaracharyahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prasadhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mahaprasad_(Jagannath_Temple)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Jagannath_8_-_Abadha_-_Prasad_(Large).jpg -
8/13/2019 Vimala Temple - Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia
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toVimala,asperTantricrituals.Theritualshavetobecompletedbeforethe
doorsofthemainsanctumofthevegetarianJagannathareopenedatdawnan
thefirstmorningaartiisofferedtothegod.VaishnavadevoteesofJagannath
aredebarredfromthetemple.Onlyafewwhowitnesstheceremonyaregiven
theBimalaparusa(Vimala'scuisine)asprasad.Theanimalsacrificeandthenon-vegetarianofferingstoVimalaproducedprotests.[1]
References
1. ^abcdefghijklmnoTripathy,Shrinibas(September2009)."GoddessBimal
atPuri"(http://orissa.gov.in/e-magazine/Orissareview/2009/September/engpdf/66
69.pdf).OrissaReview(GovernmentofOrissae-Magazine):6669.Retrieved23Nov2012.
2. ^abcdefghijklmnopqMahapatra,Ratnakar(SeptemberOctober2005).
"VimalaTempleattheJagannathTempleComplex,Puri"(http://orissa.gov.in/e-
magazine/Orissareview/sept-oct-
2005/engpdf/Vimala%20Temple%20at%20the%20Jagannath%20emple%20Com
plex%20Puri.pdf).OrissaReview(GovernmentofOrissae-Magazine):914.Retrieved23Nov2012.
3. ^abStarza1993,p.59.
4. ^O'malley2007,p.295.
5. ^Starza1993,p.137.
6. ^Lal1992,p.4294.7. ^abJones,Constance;Ryan,JamesD.(2007).EncyclopediaofHinduism(http://books.google.com/books?id=OgMmceadQ3gC&pg=PA545).Infobase
Publishing.pp.401402.ISBN978-0-8160-7564-5.Retrieved14November2012
8. ^abc"THETEMPLEOFJAGANNATHA"
(http://jagannath.nic.in/pdf/THE%20TEMPLE%20OF%20JAGANNATHA.pdf).
OfficialsiteofJagannathtemple.ShreeJagannathTempleAdministration,Puri.RetrievedNovember25,2012.
9. ^Starza1993,p.20.
10. ^Starza1993,pp.1347.
11. ^Sircar1998,pp.112.
12. ^SinghDeo2001,p.17-8.
13. ^Sircar1998,pp.3541.
14. ^SinghDeo2001,pp.134.
15. ^Sircar1998,p.19.
16. ^Sircar1998,pp.257.
17. ^abSinghDeo2001,pp.1334.
http://jagannath.nic.in/pdf/THE%20TEMPLE%20OF%20JAGANNATHA.pdfhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8160-7564-5http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Numberhttp://books.google.com/books?id=OgMmceadQ3gC&pg=PA545http://orissa.gov.in/e-magazine/Orissareview/sept-oct-2005/engpdf/Vimala%20Temple%20at%20the%20Jagannath%20emple%20Complex%20Puri.pdfhttp://orissa.gov.in/e-magazine/Orissareview/2009/September/engpdf/66-69.pdfhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vaishnavahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aarti -
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18. ^SinghDeo2001,p.17.
19. ^abcStarza1993,p.10.
20. ^abStarza1993,p.121.
Bibliography
Lal,Mohan(1992).EncyclopaediaofIndianLiterature:SasaytoZorgot(http://books.google.com/books?id=KnPoYxrRfc0C&pg=PA4294).Sahitya
Akademi.ISBN978-81-260-1221-3.
O'malley,L.S.S.(1January2007).BengalDistrictGazetteer:Puri(http://books.google.com/books?id=pwD0-YV2LCYC&pg=PA295).
ConceptPublishingCompany.ISBN978-81-7268-138-8.
Sircar,DinesChandra(1998).ThektaPhas.MotilalBanarsidassPubl.ISBN978-81-208-0879-9.SinghDeo,JitamitraPrasad(2001).TntricArtofOrissa.KalpazPublications.ISBN978-81-7835-041-7.
Starza,O.M.(1993).TheJagannathaTempleatPuri:ItsArchitecture,ArtandCult.BRILL.ISBN978-90-04-09673-8.
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