VII Initiative for VII Initiative for Improved Roadway Improved Roadway Safety and Mobility Safety and Mobility

Ralph RobinsonRalph RobinsonITS Georgia Annual Meeting ITS Georgia Annual Meeting

and ITS Tennessee and ITS Tennessee

Sept 26, 2006Sept 26, 2006

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VII GoalsVII Goals

Reduce Societal Costs of CRASHESReduce Societal Costs of CRASHES

– 43,000 deaths per year43,000 deaths per year– 3 million people injured per year3 million people injured per year– $230 billion in property damage$230 billion in property damage– Lost time, wages, higher insurance premiumsLost time, wages, higher insurance premiums

Reduce societal costs of CONGESTIONReduce societal costs of CONGESTION

– Personal and business hours lost in trafficPersonal and business hours lost in traffic– Inconvenience of missed flights, meetings, schedulesInconvenience of missed flights, meetings, schedules– Gasoline wastedGasoline wasted– Freight costs higher, lost productivityFreight costs higher, lost productivity

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The Strategic ApproachThe Strategic Approach

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Control & Map

DataBase

Traffic Management Center(TMC)

Hot Spot

Satellite toVehicle(GPS)

Vehicle-to-Vehicle

Vehicle toRoadside

- -

DSRC

Vehicle Infrastructure Integration Vehicle Infrastructure Integration (VII)(VII)

Private

Sector

Uses

DSRC

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Example of Vehicle-to-Vehicle Communications

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Potential VII Features Over TimePotential VII Features Over Time

Reduce CRASHES

Reduce CONGESTION

Improve Driver Situational Awareness

Minimize Effects of Driver Error

Increase Automation?

• Traffic Signal Warning• Elec. Brake Light Warning

• Curve Speed Deceleration• Pre-Crash Mitigation

• Automatic Driver Assistance? • Vehicle Platooning?

Exa

mp

les

Improve Traffic Information

Improve Situational Roadway Awareness

Timeline

• Real time traffic information• Alternative route guidance

• Dynamic roadway condition info.• Emergency situation management

• Dynamic flow control?• Dynamic roadway pricing?

Exa

mp

les

Manage Traffic Flow?

77

Example of Intersection Safety using V2V and V2I

88

0

10

2

0

30

4

0

50

60

70

80

90

10

0

% V

ehic

le P

op

ula

tio

n

2010 2015 2020 2025 2030

VII-Equipped Vehicle Population ProjectionVII-Equipped Vehicle Population Projection

New

Cars

Equip

ped f

rom

Fact

ory

Tota

l Veh

icle

s on

Roa

dway

Antique and Collector vehicles not converted

Assumes:

250 million vehicles on road

16 million built each year

99

2010 Timeline 2030

0%

V

II E

quip

ped V

ehic

les

1

00

%VII Function vs DensityVII Function vs Density

Traffic Info

Safety Warnings

Roadway Situational Awareness

Active Controls

Crash Avoidance

Increasing Automation?

Traffic Management

VII Equipped Populatio

n

Crashes

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VII Technologies Enabling VII Technologies Enabling Cooperative HighwaysCooperative Highways

• Critical SAFETY TechnologiesCritical SAFETY Technologies– DSRC radioDSRC radio for fast, interactive communications for fast, interactive communications

(Vehicle-to-Infrastructure and Vehicle-to-Vehicle)(Vehicle-to-Infrastructure and Vehicle-to-Vehicle)– Accurate and fast Accurate and fast vehicle positioningvehicle positioning sensing sensing– Precision Precision roadway databaseroadway database

• Critical MOBILITY TechnologiesCritical MOBILITY Technologies– Real-time probeReal-time probe vehicle data (speed, direction, vehicle data (speed, direction,

location, situational variables)location, situational variables)– Data processing and information dissemination Data processing and information dissemination

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DSRC Radio EnablerDSRC Radio Enabler• In 1999, FCC allocated 75 MHz of bandwidth for In 1999, FCC allocated 75 MHz of bandwidth for

transportation safetytransportation safety– Final Rule & Order on licensing (Dec 2003)Final Rule & Order on licensing (Dec 2003)– Other uses allowed on a lower priority basisOther uses allowed on a lower priority basis

• Standards developed for Dedicated Short-Standards developed for Dedicated Short-Range Communications (DSRC) protocol and Range Communications (DSRC) protocol and message format message format • Variation of WiFi radio (802.11p) Variation of WiFi radio (802.11p) • Optimize communications protocol for transportation Optimize communications protocol for transportation

safety purposes (high-speed, low-latency)safety purposes (high-speed, low-latency)• Establish common message formats for vehicle data Establish common message formats for vehicle data

parametersparameters

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RSE Installation IllustrationsRSE Installation Illustrations

RSE Signal Control Cabinet

Slide provided by Raytheon

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In SummaryIn Summary

• Wireless vehicle communications systems Wireless vehicle communications systems would enable cooperative highway systems would enable cooperative highway systems over the next 20 years.over the next 20 years.

• Enabling technologies installed in all vehicles Enabling technologies installed in all vehicles and along major roadways and intersections and along major roadways and intersections would provide significant safety and mobility would provide significant safety and mobility benefits.benefits.– DSRC as an industry standard, uniquely DSRC as an industry standard, uniquely

addresses transportation needs.addresses transportation needs.

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The ProgramThe Program

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VII Program InitiationVII Program Initiation

• One of nine major initiatives announced by One of nine major initiatives announced by USDOT in 2004USDOT in 2004

– Vision: Vision:

“ “Nationwide deployment of a communications Nationwide deployment of a communications infrastructure on the roadways and in all production infrastructure on the roadways and in all production vehicles could improve transportation and the quality of vehicles could improve transportation and the quality of American life in ways not imagined a generation ago.”American life in ways not imagined a generation ago.” (source: USDOT ITS Joint Programs Office)(source: USDOT ITS Joint Programs Office)

• National VII Coalition established to oversee National VII Coalition established to oversee program to assess deployment feasibilityprogram to assess deployment feasibility

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National VII Coalition RelationshipsNational VII Coalition Relationships

USDOT Light-Duty Vehicle Manufacturers

State & Local DOTs

Existing Government and Industry

Policy makers

National VII Executive Leadership TeamNational VII Executive Leadership Team

National VII Working GroupNational VII Working Group

National VII Coalition

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National VII CoalitionNational VII Coalition

• Subcommittees:Subcommittees:– Technical/Architecture – Technical Feasibility AnalysisTechnical/Architecture – Technical Feasibility Analysis

– Business Models – Economic Feasibility Business Models – Economic Feasibility

– Institutional Issues – Social / Political FeasibilityInstitutional Issues – Social / Political Feasibility

– Outreach – Consensus BuildingOutreach – Consensus Building

• Reach a consensus decision on whether to Reach a consensus decision on whether to collectively recommend national deployment collectively recommend national deployment to the US Congressto the US Congress– Projected timing – 4QTR 2008Projected timing – 4QTR 2008

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VII ConsortiumVII Consortium

• Industry consortium founded to develop Industry consortium founded to develop pre-competitive safety technologiespre-competitive safety technologies

• Michigan 501 (c6) non-profitMichigan 501 (c6) non-profit• Eight (8) light-duty vehicle manufacturersEight (8) light-duty vehicle manufacturers

– BMWBMW– DaimlerChryslerDaimlerChrysler– Ford MotorFord Motor– General MotorsGeneral Motors

– HondaHonda– NissanNissan– ToyotaToyota– VolkswagenVolkswagen

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VII Consortium OrganizationVII Consortium Organization

VIIC Board - ELT - Deployment Decision

Membership Comm. - Organizational oversight - Strategic planning - External Relationships

Systems Engineering- Requirements - System Integration- System analysis –System Testing

Work Order #1

Work Order #2

Work Order #12

Work Order #...

Program Management

-Schedule-Costs

-- Resources-- Project compliance

- Reports/Reviews

Office Admin-- Clerical - IT support

-- Receptionist

Program Oversight Comm.- Coop. Agreement oversight

Policy Committee- Policy Coordination

Business Mgr - Contract Services

- Legal - Financial

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VIIC Program Work TasksVIIC Program Work Tasks

• WT1 – Program ManagementWT1 – Program Management• WT2 – Systems EngineeringWT2 – Systems Engineering• WT3 – Radio (DSRC)WT3 – Radio (DSRC)• WT4 – Deployment Analysis & Policy SupportWT4 – Deployment Analysis & Policy Support• WT5 – OBE SystemWT5 – OBE System• WT6 – Application DevelopmentWT6 – Application Development• WT7 – PositioningWT7 – Positioning• WT8 – SecurityWT8 – Security• WT9 – Testing and Lab FacilitiesWT9 – Testing and Lab Facilities• WT10 – Field Operational TestWT10 – Field Operational Test• WT11 – Alternative StudiesWT11 – Alternative Studies• WT12 – Network ServicesWT12 – Network Services

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Targeted Milestone TimingTargeted Milestone Timing

• DSRC frequency allocation DSRC frequency allocation 20032003• USDOT adopted VII as major initiative USDOT adopted VII as major initiative 2004 2004 • VII Consortium foundedVII Consortium founded 20042004• USDOT/VIIC Cooperative Agreement USDOT/VIIC Cooperative Agreement 20052005• Michigan DOT Local Test BedMichigan DOT Local Test Bed 2006- 2006-

20072007• VIIC Proof-of-concept testingVIIC Proof-of-concept testing 2006- 2006-

20082008• Field TestingField Testing TBD TBD• VII Deployment Feasibility Determination Dec 2008VII Deployment Feasibility Determination Dec 2008

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Key Initial Use CasesKey Initial Use Cases

1.1. Signal Violation WarningSignal Violation Warning2.2. In-Vehicle SignageIn-Vehicle Signage3.3. Dynamic Traffic InformationDynamic Traffic Information4.4. Roadway Conditions Roadway Conditions (weather and potholes)(weather and potholes)

5.5. Traffic Management and ControlTraffic Management and Control6.6. Alternative Route GuidanceAlternative Route Guidance7.7. Payment Transactions Payment Transactions (tolls, gasoline, parking)(tolls, gasoline, parking)

8.8. Provisioning and Security management Provisioning and Security management

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Policy RequirementsPolicy Requirements

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Must Address Public ConcernsMust Address Public Concernsand Policy Issuesand Policy Issues

• A VII system that is technically and economically sound A VII system that is technically and economically sound must also be socially and politically acceptablemust also be socially and politically acceptable– VII must preserve privacy and civil liberties protectionsVII must preserve privacy and civil liberties protections

• Anonymity preserved for non-optional servicesAnonymity preserved for non-optional services• Secured from unauthorized access Secured from unauthorized access • Authorized access subject to legal due processAuthorized access subject to legal due process

– Liability issues addressedLiability issues addressed– Deployment framework meets public standards for good Deployment framework meets public standards for good

governancegovernance

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Conditions for DeploymentConditions for Deployment

• Substantial DSRC coverage of major US Substantial DSRC coverage of major US roadways roadways

• High reliability and network availabilityHigh reliability and network availability• Predictable, stable and cost-effective accessPredictable, stable and cost-effective access• National consistency:National consistency:

– Policy/legal governance same nationwide (no Policy/legal governance same nationwide (no variability state-to-state, city-to-city)variability state-to-state, city-to-city)

– Uniform deployment of standardized, non-proprietary Uniform deployment of standardized, non-proprietary technologytechnology

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Questions?Questions?