LL.B. (Hons) Syllabus

Semester-I

General English – I (LL.B.(HONS) - SEM – I)

A. Grammar and Usage1. Simple, Complex & Compound Sentences2. Clauses & Phrases3. Tense & agreement4. Basic Transformations

(i) Active & Passive(ii) Affirmative & Negative(iii) Direct & Indirect Speech

5. Question Tags and Short Responses 6. Conditionals 7. Some Common Errors

Detailed Study of a Text :Lord of the Flies — By William Golding

B. Vocabulary (Communication Skills)

1. Legal terms (relevant to the subject papers to an L.L.B. student) 2. Use of Legal Terms

C. Comprehension Skills

1. Reading Comprehension (Principles and Practice) 2. Listening Comprehension 3. Comprehension Passages

D. Composition Skills

1. Paragraph Writing & Essay Writing 2. Normal Correspondence

3. Note-taking & Note-making 4. Report Writing 5. Dialogue Writing

RECOMMENDED SOURCE MATERIALS 1. M.K.Gandhi- The Law and the Lawyer, Navjivan Publications, Ahmedabad, 1962 2. Ishtiaque Adibi -Law and Language, University Publishers, Aligarh 1978.. 3. Denning - Due Process of Law 4. M.C.Chagla - Roses in December, Bharatiya Vidya Bhavan, Bombay. 5. Burke Edmund - Impeachment of Warren Hastings, London G. Well. 6. M.C. Setalvad - Common Law in India, Hamlyn Lectures, Stevens and Sons.

HISTORY – I (LL.B.(HONS) - SEM – I)

The course detailed below is intended to give a broad idea to the student about the main currents of social, political, legal and cultural movements in the course of Indian history, which influenced the legal systems and its institutions. It is expected that the teacher instead of describing mere chronology of events will acquaint the student with the Indian cultural heritage in the above fields so that he may critically appreciate the relevance of the present institutions of Indian democracy which are to be taught in the law courses:

a. Ancient Indian Cultural Heritage :

Social, political, legal and in the area of religion and philosophy. (The teacher is expected to give special emphasis on study of village republics in Ancient India, the organization of Central Government in Ancient India, experiments in decentralization, ancient law and dispute resolution systems in ancient India - Pre Islamic period); law in relation to culture.

b. The Advent of Islam :

Interaction between ancient Indian cultural heritage and Islamic culture and emergence of synthetic Indian culture. Innovation by rulers of medieval period in the area of revenue administration, District administration, Court system.

c. Indian Contact With The European :

Impact of European culture on Indian history and Indian National Movement; impact of European liberal thought on the Indian National Movement and Constitutional Development in India up to 1947.Study of social reform movements in modern India and its impact on legal culture.

d. Economic history of India during the British period.

RECOMMENDED SOURCE MATERIAL1. A.R. Desai - Social background of Indian nationalism, Popular Prakashan,

Bombay(1948)2. R.C Majumdar - History of the freedom movement in India, Calcutta

Mukhopadhyaya.3. V.P. Meneon - The transfer of Power in India Bombay, Orient Longman (1972)4 . B. Shiva Rao - India`s Freedom Movements, New Delhi, Orient Longman, (1972)5. Pattabhi Sitaramayya - History of the Indian national Congress ,Bombay Padma

Publications.6. Tara Chand - History of Freedom movement in the Indian states7. V.P. Menon - The Story of Integration of Indian Sates, Calcutta , Orient Longman.

LL.B.(HONS) - SEM – ISOCIOLOGY

1. Sociology as a Sciencea. data concept and theoryb. the comparative method

2. Basic Concept in Sociology:a. Structure and functionb. Status and rolec. Norms and Valued. Institutions

3. Social Institutionsa. Marriage, Family and Kinshipb. Work and Economical Institutionsc. Power and Political Institutionsd. Religious Institutionse. Educational Institutions

4. Social Stratification

5. Social Control, order and stability

6. Coercion, Conflict and Change

7. Sociology as a Critique of Society

8. Law and Society, Sociology of Law, Sociology of Legal Profession.

SOCIOLOGY OF INDIA1. The development of Indian Society

a. Unity and Diversityb. Continuity and Change

2. India as a Plural Society: Varieties ofa. Customs and ways of Lifeb. Linguistic, religious and other communities

3. Major Institutions of Indian Societya. Familyb. Castec. Village

4. Tribe and caste in the Traditional order

5. Caste and class in contemporary India

6. Backward Classes

7. Trends of change in Indian Society.

8. Indian Culture values and Development.

RECOMMENDED SOURCE MATERIAL1. T.B. Bottomore Sociology, A Guide to problems and Literature. (London: Allen and

Unwin, 1962)2. Peter Worsley etal Introducing Sociology.3. (Harmondsworth: PenguinBooks, 1970)4. M. Haralambos Sociology: Themes and Perspective.(Delhi: Oxford University)5. N.K. Bose The structure of Hindu Society.(New Delhi: Orient Longman, 1975)6. David Mandelmaun Society in India.(Bombay: Popular Prakashan,1972)7. RomeshThapparTribe, Caste and religion in India.(New Delhi: MacMillan, 1977).8. Andre Betelle Inequality and Social Change.(Delhi: Oxford University Press, 1972)9. Andre Betelle, The backward Classes and the New Social Order, Delhi: Oxford

university Press, 1981.

LL.B.(HONS) - SEM – IPOLITICAL SCIENCE - I

A. Political Theory

1. Conception of state and Government. 2. Main Current of Western Political Thought; Medieval Political Thought

(Natural Law and natural rights), liberalism, socialism and Marxism.

3. Main currents of Indian political thoughts; classical Hindu and Islamicconceptions of state, political ideologies in Nineteenth Century (growth); Gandhism, Sarvodaya, Marxist thoughts in India.

4. Conceptions of political and legal sovereignty

5. The Totalitarian State

B. Political Organization

1. Organization of government: Unitary /federal/ quasi federal;(one party democracies, military rule, presidential and cabinet forms).

2. The legislature, executive and judiciary; the doctrines of separation power,

Parliamentary sovereignty, and independence of the judiciary.

3. Conception of representation, public opinion and participation. RECOMMENDED SOURCE MATERIALS 1. Loslie Lipson - Great Issues of Politics. An introduction to political science, New

York, Prentice Hall, 1954. 2. G.N, Singh- Fundamental of Political Science and Organisation. Allahabad, Kitab

Mahal, 1966. 3. K.R.Bombawall - Indian Politics and Government since 1885 Delhi Atmaram and

Sons 1951. 4. Hans Morgenthau -Politics Among Nation: The Struggle for Power and Peace, 2nd Ed.

New York Knopt 1955. 5. Quincy Wright -Study of International Relations. New York, Appleton Century Crofts

1955 6. D.W. Bowett, International Institutions, London, Methuen 1964

7. Percy's Cohen- Modern Social Theory (Arnold Heinman 1976) 8. Dennis Lloyd- The idea of Law (pelican, 1964) 9. D.D. Raphel- Problem of Political Philosophy (macmilan,19) 10. Roscoe Pound -An Introduction to the Philosophy of Law ( Yale Uni. Press, Roscoe

1954) 11. Upendra Baxi - The Crisis of the Indian Legal System (Vikas,1982) 12. H.L.A Hart- Essay on Punishment and Responsibility (Oxford 1958) 13. S.E. Finer- Comparative Government (pelican, 1970) 14. Rajani Kothari- Democratic Polity and Social Change in India: 15. Crisis and Opportunities (Allied Publishers,1976) 16. George Lich Theim - A Short History of Socialism (Fontanal Collins, 1970) 17. U.N.Gloshal -A History of Political Ideas (Oxford 1959) 18. K.P. Karunakaran- Modern Indian Political Traditions (Allied, 1962) 19. G.H. Sabine- A History of Political Theory (Fourth Edn. Oxford 1973) G. Sawer-

Modern Federalism, London C.A. Watts 1969. 20. S.P.Verma- Modern Political Theory, Vikas, 1980.

LL.B.(HONS)SEMESTER-II

LL.B. (Hons) Semester II

General English - II

A. Vocabulary

1. Foreign words and phrases ( important Latin and English affixes)

2. Idiomatic expressions

3. One word substitution

4. Words often confused

B. Comprehension Skills & Compositional Skills

1. Precis-writing and Summarising

2. Drafting of Reports

3. Comprehension passages

4. Essay-writing on topics of legal interest

C. Speech Training

1. Reading aloud (knowledge of proper pauses)

2. Key sounds, their discrimination and accent

3. Consulting a Pronouncing Dictionary

4. Rapid reading and Debating exercises

D. Detailed Study

1. Advice to a young man interested in going into Law - by Felix Frankfurter

2. The victimisation of witnesses — by Lord Denning

3. Cross-examination of Pigott before the Parnell Commission — by Sir Charles Russell

4. On the entirely reasonable murder of a police constable - by George Bernard Shaw

E. Comprehension of Legal Texts (Detailed Study)

1. Why Criminals Are Acquitted—by Justice A.S. Anand

2. Curbing Crime — by Justice R.P.Sethi

3. Consulting a Pronouncing Dictionary

4. Rapid reading and Debating exercises

LL.B. (HONS) : SEMESTER II

Political Science - II

Foundations of Political obligation

1. Conceptions of power, authority and legitimation

2. How does power become legitimate power or why people ought to obey the State? Examination of classical ( Hobbes, Locke, Rousseau ) and modern ( Max Weber, Marx, Emile Durkheim) approaches to the notion of political obligation.

3. Utilitarianism ( both rule and act utilitarianism) as approaches to political obligation.

4. The problem of civil disobedience and political obligation with particular reference to Gandhian and Neo Gandhian thought.

5. The problem of obedience to unjust laws

6. Why should we honor promises and contracts?( Foundations of promissory and contractual liability)

7. The problem of punishment: when is use of force by State against the citizen just and justifiable? ( The basis of criminal sanction.)

8. The contemporary crisis of legitimation.

LL.B. (HONS) : SEMESTER - II

Legal and Constitutional History

Importance of the Subject Study of law relating to a particular country is not complete without understanding the history and the development of the laws and legal institutions. India is a country rich in history and traditions. A student of law should be exposed to the ancient social order and religious philosophy as well as to the systems of dispute settlement mechanisms existing in those days. The medieval period had influence in the development of legal system. The advent of the British was an event, which also had its influence. The growth of judicial and legislative institutions after this event has to be taught in order to give an insight and awareness of how the present system had emerged from the ancient and medieval times.

This paper with the above mentioned perspectives will comprises of about 84 units of one hour duration

1. Judicial systems in Ancient India .

a. Judicial system in ancient India : Hindu Period b. Ancient Hindu social order and religions philosophy c. Administration of Justice d. Judicial system in medieval India. Muslim period e. The Mughal period: Judicial system

2. Administration of Justice in Bombay, Madras and Calcutta

a. Emergence of the East India Company. development of authority under

Charters b. Trading body to a territorial power. subsequent Charters c. Administration of Justice in Madras from 1639 to 1726 d. Administration of Justice in Bombay 1668-1 726

e. Administration of Justice in Calcutta 1619- 1726

3. The Mayors Court a. Genesis of the Charter of 1726 b. Provisions of the charter c. Working of judicial system d. Charter of 1753 e. Defects of judicial systems

4. Adalat System a. Grant of Diwani b. Execution of Diwani functions c. Judicial plan of 1772 d. Defects of the plan e. New plan of 1774 f. Reorganization of adalats in 1780 g. Reforms of 1781 h. The first civil code i. Reforms in the administrations of criminal justice

5. The Regulating Act, 1773 a. Charter of 1774 and the Supreme Court of Calcutta b. Some landmark cases:

i. Issue of Raja Nandkumar (1775) whether a judicial murder?

ii. The Patna case (1777-79)

iii. The Cossijurab case (1779-80)

c. Act of Settlement, 1781 d. Major defects e. Supreme Courts at Calcutta, Madras and Bombay f. Law and administration in the Supreme Court

6. Judicial Reforms

a. Judicial reforms of Cornwallis b. Problems of judicial reforms (1793-1833) c. Impact of reforms by Comwallis (1793) d. Reforms of Sir John Shore (1793) e. Reforms of Lord Wellesley (1798) f. Reforms of Lord Cornwallis (1805) g. Reforms of Lord Minto (1807) h. Lord Hastings’ administration of justice (1813) i. Judicial reforms of Lord Bentick (1828) j. Defects of the systems

7. Establishment of the High Courts

a. The Indian High Courts Act, 1861 b. Charter of Calcutta High Court

c. Allahabad High Court d. The Indian High Courts Act, 1911 e. The Government of India Act, 1915 : other High Courts f. Government of India Act, 1935 : more high courts created g. Jurisdiction of High Courts h. Posts constitutional developments

8. The Federal Court of India

a. Foundation of the Federal Court b. Jurisdiction c. Authority of law d. Expansion of Jurisdiction e. Abolition of the Federal Court f. An assessment

9. Privy Council

a. Jurisdiction b. Appeals from India c. A unique institution

10. The Supreme Court of India

a. Origin b. Constitution c. Jurisdiction and powers

d. Doctrine of precedents and the Supreme Court e. Recent changes

11. Development of legislative authorities In India (1861-1935) 12. Growth of Criminal Law 13. Growth of personal Law of Hindus and Muslims 14. Charters Act 1833 15. Influence of English Law In India 16. Prerogative writs in India 17. Racial discrimination 18. Growth of justice, equity and good conscience

RECOMMENDED BOOKS Courtney Libert : Government of India (1962) Courtney Libert : The Mechanics of Law Making (1914) M.P. Jain : Constitutional Law of India (1987) Tripathi, Bombay M.P. Jain : Outlines of Legal History (1998) Tripathi

M. Rama Jois : Legal and Constitutional History of India (1984) (Two volumes)

A.B. Keith : Constitutional History of India 1600-1936 (1936) Rankin : Background to Indian Law (1946) V. D. Kulshreshtha : Landmarks in Indian Legal History (1992) (Eastern:

Lucknow) Eric Stakes : The English Utilitarians and India (1992) (Oxford: Delhi)

LL.B. (Hons) : Second Semester

Legal Methods

I. Judgments

1. Union of India v. Rati Pal Saroj (AIR 1998 SC 1117) 2. Headmistress, Govt. Girls High School V Mahalakshmi (AIR 1998

Madras 86) 3. Zafar Ahmad Khan v. State ( AIR 1963 Allahabad 105) 4. Malan v. State of Bombay ( AIR 1960 Bombay 393) 5. Raunaq International Ltd.V. I.V.R. constructions Ltd (AIR 1999 SC 393) 6. Delhi Municipal corporation v. Sushila Devi (AIR 1999SC1929) or

(1999)4SCC317 7. K.T. Pavunny v. K.T Mathew ( AIR 1982 Ker. 309) 8. M.P.Ojha v. State of M. P 9. I.T.C. Ltd., Workers Welfare Association v. Management of ITC (AIR

2002 SC 937) & (2002)3SCC411 10. Sajjan Raj Surana v. Jaipur Vidyut Nigam Ltd.( AIR 2002 Rajasthan

109) 11. Rajesh Chandulal Gandhi v. State of Gujarat( AIR 2002 SC1412) and

(SCC(4) 426) 12. Adhyatma Bhattar Alwar v. Adhyatma Bhattar Sri Devi ( AIR 2002 SC

88). 13. M. Gowda. V. A. Gowda (AIR2002 SC 215) 14. State of Maharasthra V. Bharat Fakira Dhiwar ( AIR 2002SC 16) 15. M. C. Mehta V. Union of India (AIR 2002 SC 1696)

II. Lessons

1. Opinion and Dissenting Opinion in Repouille v U.S. 2. Educating Lawyers for a Changing World by Eerwin N. Grisword 3. Mr. Havlena’s Verdict by Karel Capek 4. comparative Law by Rene David amd John E.C. Brierley 5. Five Functions of a Lawyer by ArthurT. Vanderbilt

III. Legal Maxims

1. Actio personalis mortiur corn persona 2. Actus non facit reum nisi mens sit rea 3. Audi alterm partem 4. Causa proxima et non remota spectatur 5. Caveat emptor 6. De minimus non curat lex 7. Delegatus non potest delegare 8. Ex nudo pacto non oritur actio 9. Exturpi caus non ortur actio 10. Ignorantia tacit excusat, ignorantia juris non excusat 11. Lex non cogit ad impossibilia 12. Nasciturus projam nato habetur 13. Nemo debt esse judex in propria 14. Nemo debt vexari pro uno et eadem causa

15. Nemo det quad non habet 16. Nemo temetur scipsum accusare. 17. Novus actus intervenious 18. Pendente lit nihil innaveture 19. i tacit per alium tacitper se 20. Res ipsa loquitur 21. Respondent superior 22. Solus populi supreme lex 23. Ubi jus ibi remedlum 24. Vigilantibus ,non dormientibus, jura subvenlum 25. Volenti non fit injuria

IV. Legal Terms

1. Abandonment, accessory, accomplice, acquittal, act of god, act of state, Actus reus, ad idem, adjournment, adverse witness, affidavit, alibi, alien, Alimony, almensa et thoro, amicus curiae, amnesty, annuity, antecedent debt, Appeal, appurtenant, arbitration, attachment, averment.

2. Bail, bailment, banishment, Bankruptcy, battery, bench, bigamy, burden

of proof. 3. Capital punishment, Case law, caveat, Circumstantial evidence,

cognizable offence, cohabitation, Common law, compromise, consanguinity, corroboration, crime.

4. Deposition, Dictum, dissolution, divorce, documentary evidence,

domicile, due care, Dying declaration. 5. Equity, estoppel, eviction, evidence, exhibit, exparte.

6. F I R, Functous officio. 7. Guarantee, guardian 8. Hearing, homicide. 9. In camera, injunction, inquest, inquisitional procedure, insanity,

intention, intestate, intra vires. 10. Jurisdiction. 11. Law reports, legislature, litigation, locus standi. 12. Mens rea, Mesne profits, mortgage. 13. Negligence, negotiable instrument, Non-cognizable offence. 14. Oath, over rule, ownership. 15. Pardon, penalty, perjury, Plaintiff, Possession, preemption, privity,

procedure, promisory Note, proof, Prosecution proviso, punishment 16. Quasi judicial, quid proquo, quorum. 17. Ratio decidendi, receiver, remedy, remission, repeal, representative

action, res nullis, resjudicata, respondent. 18. Sans recourse, schedule, sentence, show cause, sandard of proof, stare

decis, stature law. 19. Testimony treason. 20. Ulra virus, udue Influence, usage. 21. Vexatious suit, void. 22. Warrant, welfare law, will, witness, wrong.

V. Legal Notice

VI. Affidavit

BOOKS RECOMMENDED

Trayner : Latin Maxims Agarwal R.K. : Legal Dictionary Bhatnagar R.P. & Bhargava : Law and Language Hubert Broom : A selection legal maxims All India Reporters