Web viewPART III : Language processing, interpretation, translation, the concept of binding,...

SNJB’s Late Sau. KBJ COE, Chandwad Department Of Computer Engineering

PART III : Language processing, interpretation, translation, the concept of binding, variables, name and scope, Type, l-value, r-value, reference and unnamed variables, routines, generic routines, aliasing and overloading, an abstractsemanticprocessor, run time structure. Casestudy- C run time structure

((MARKS)) (1/2/3...)

1

((QUESTION))

Aliasing in the context of programming languages refers to

((OPTION_A))

multiple variables having the same memory location

((OPTION_B))

multiple variables having the same value

((OPTION_C))

multiple variables having the same identifier

((OPTION_D))

multiple uses of the same variable

((CORRECT_CHOICE)) (A/B/C/D)

A

((EXPLANATION)) (OPTIONAL)

Aliasing describes a situation in which a data location in memory can be accessed through different symbolic names in the program.

((MARKS)) (1/2/3...)

1

((QUESTION))

In the evaluation of a computer language, all of the follow-ing characteristics should be considered except?

((OPTION_A))

Environment : S/w development tools


((OPTION_B))

Efficiency

((OPTION_C))

readability

((OPTION_D))

hardware maintainance costs


D


No Explanation

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2

((QUESTION))

What is printed by the print statements in the program P1 assuming call by reference parameter passing?

((OPTION_A))

10 , 3

((OPTION_B))

31 , 3

((OPTION_C))

27, 7

((OPTION_D))

None of the above


B

((EXPLANATION)) (OPTIONAL

Note the order in which parameters are passed. Inside func1(), x will actually refer to y of main(); and y and z will refer to x of main(). The Statement y = y + 4; will result in


) 14 and statement z = x + y + z will make z = 3 + 14 + 14 = 31 (because y and z point to same variable x of main). Since z refers to x of main(), main will print 31.

((MARKS)) (1/2/3...)

2

((QUESTION))

Consider the following programProgram P2 var n: int: procedure W(var x: int) begin x=x+1; print x; end

procedure D begin var n: int; n=3; W(n); endbegin //beginP2 n=10; D;endIf the language has dynamic scoping and parameters arepassed by reference, what will be printed by the program?

((OPTION_A))

10

((OPTION_B))

11


((OPTION_C))

3

((OPTION_D))

None of Above


D


Program will print 4.

((MARKS)) (1/2/3...)

1

((QUESTION))

The- results returned by functions under value-result andreference parameter passing conventions

((OPTION_A))

Do not differ

((OTION_B))

Differ in the presence of loops

((OPTION_C))

Differ in all cases

((OPTION_D))

May differ in the presence of exceptions


D

((EXPLANATION)) (OPTIONAL

In call-by-reference evaluation, a function receives an implicit reference to the argument, rather than a copy of its value. This typically means that the function can modify


) the argument- something that will be seen by its caller. Note that C doesn’t support call by reference but call-by-reference can be implemented using pointers.Call-by-value-result uses a combination of call-by-value and call-by-reference. Call-by-value-result works by creating local versions of the parameters passed in. However, the values in these local versions are copied back to the original arguments after the end of the procedure.

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1

((QUESTION))

Values that are passed between program and its calledsubroutine are classified as

((OPTION_A))

parameter.

((OTION_B))

argument.

((OPTION_C))

global values.

((OPTION_D))

both a and b.


D



((MARKS)) (1/2/3...)

1

((QUESTION))

Program subroutines are

((OPTION_A))

called by other programs.

((OTPION_B))

fixed variable.

((OPTION_C))

default constants.

((OPTION_D))

default variables.


A


No Explanation

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1

((QUESTION))

Program routine which is used by one or more computer programs is classified as

((OPTION_A))

super-routine.

((OTPION_B))

subroutine.

((OPTION_ dimension routine.


C))

((OPTION_D))

array routine.


B


No Explanation for this question.

((MARKS)) (1/2/3...)

1

((QUESTION))

Program used for interactive computing is

((OPTION_A))

Translator

((OTPION_B))

Executor

((OPTION_C))

Instructor

((OPTION_D))

Interpreter


D




((MARKS)) (1/2/3...)

1

((QUESTION))

Program which translates high level program into machine code is classified as

((OPTION_A))

Compiler.

((OTPION_B))

Translator.

((OPTION_C))

Translating Analyst

((OPTION_D))

instruction analst


A



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1

((QUESTION))

Dynamic binding takes place during

((OPTION_A))

Translation

((OTPION_B))

Linking

((OPTION_C))

Loading the program


((OPTION_D))

Execution


D



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1

((QUESTION))

Static binding takes placed during

((OPTION_A))

Translation

((OTPION_B))

Linking

((OPTION_C))

Loading the program

((OPTION_D))

All of the Above


D




((MARKS)) (1/2/3...)

1

((QUESTION))

In which of the following mechanisms, types of all variables and expressions are fixed at compilation time.

((OPTION_A))

Strong Typing

((OTPION_B))

Weak Typing

((OPTION_C))

Static Binding/ early binding

((OPTION_D))

Dynamic Binding/ late binding


C



((MARKS)) (1/2/3...)

1

((QUESTION))

In which of the following mechanisms, types of all variables and expressions are not known until runtime

((OPTION_A))

Strong Typing

((OTPION_B))

Weak Typing

((OPTION_C))



((OPTION_D))



D



((MARKS)) (1/2/3...)

1

((QUESTION))

In which of the following mechanisms, types of all variables and expressions are not known until runtime

((OPTION_A))

Strong Typing

((OTPION_B))

Weak Typing

((OPTION_C))


((OPTION_D))



D




((MARKS)) (1/2/3...)

1

((QUESTION))

What is the scope of an external variable?

((OPTION_A))

Whole source file in which it is defined

((OTPION_B))

From the point of declaration to the end of the file in which it is defined

((OPTION_C))

Any source file in a program

((OPTION_D))

From the point of declaration to the end of the file being compiled


D



((MARKS)) (1/2/3...)

1

((QUESTION))

What is the scope of a function?

((OPTION_A))

Whole source file in which it is defined

((OTPION_B))

From the point of declaration to the end of the file in which


it is defined

((OPTION_C))

Any source file in a program

((OPTION_D))

From the point of declaration to the end of the file being compiled


D



((MARKS)) (1/2/3...)

1

((QUESTION))

Which variable has the longest scope?

#include <stdio.h> int b; int main() { int c; return 0; } int a;

((OPTION_A))

a

((OTPION_B))

b

((OPTION_C))

c

((OPTION_ Both a and b


D))


B



((MARKS)) (1/2/3...)

1

((QUESTION))

Scope of variable is related to definition of variable as:

1. Region of code within which variable value is valid and hence can be accessed.

2. No, relation with region where variable is declared its value is valid in entire scope.

((OPTION_A))

1

((OTPION_B))

2

((OPTION_C))

Both 1 and 2

((OPTION_D))

None


A

((EXPLANATION))



(OPTIONAL)

((MARKS)) (1/2/3...)

1

((QUESTION))

Scope of variable is related to definition of variable as:

1. Region of code within which variable value is valid and hence can be accessed.

2. No, relation with region where variable is declared its value is valid in entire scope.

((OPTION_A))

1

((OTPION_B))

2

((OPTION_C))

Both 1 and 2

((OPTION_D))

None


A



((MARKS)) (1/2/3...)

1

((QUESTION))

A variable that receives an assigned value is called


an ................

((OPTION_A))

L-value

((OTPION_B))

R-value

((OPTION_C))

Value

((OPTION_D))

Assignment


A



((MARKS)) (1/2/3...)

1

((QUESTION))

Recursion is sometimes called ..................

((OPTION_A))

Circular definition

((OTPION_B))

Complex definition

((OPTION_C))

Procedure

((OPTION_D))

Union

((CORRECT_CHOICE))

A


(A/B/C/D)



((MARKS)) (1/2/3...)

2

((QUESTION))

What will be the output of the following program?

#include<stdio.h>int main(){ int i = 10; printf("%d", ++(-i)); return 0;}

((OPTION_A))

11

((OTPION_B))

10

((OPTION_C))

-9

((OPTION_D))

None


D


In C/C++ the pre-increment (decrement) and the post-increment (decrement) operators require an L-value expression as operand. Providing an R-value or a const qualified variable results in compilation error.


((MARKS)) (1/2/3...)

2

((QUESTION))

What will be output if you will compile and execute the following c code?

#define max 5;void main(){int i=0;i=max++;printf("%d",i++);}

((OPTION_A))

5

((OTPION_B))

6

((OPTION_C))

R-value required

((OPTION_D))

L-value Required


D


It is clear macro constant max has replaced by 5. It is illegal to increment the constant number. Hence compiler will show Lvalue required.

((MARKS)) (1/2/3...)

1

((QUESTION))

Variable which uses same name in whole program and in its all routines thus best classified as


((OPTION_A))

Middle variable

((OTPION_B))

Global Variable

((OPTION_C))

Local Variable

((OPTION_D))

Default Varaible


B


No Explanation

((MARKS)) (1/2/3...)

1

((QUESTION))

Use of recursion

((OPTION_A))

enhances logical clarity

((OTPION_B))

makes debugging easier

((OPTION_C))

reduces execution time

((OPTION_D))

reduces code size


D



No Explanation

((MARKS)) (1/2/3...)

1

((QUESTION))

In which of the following parameter passing mechanism, the actual argument has to be a variable?

((OPTION_A))

Pass by value

((OTPION_B))

Pass by result

((OPTION_C))

Pass by value-result

((OPTION_D))

Pass by reference


B


No Explanation

((MARKS)) (1/2/3...)

1

((QUESTION))

The generic type in a template function


((OPTION_A))

must be T

((OPTION_B))

Can be T

((OPTION_C))

cannot be T for functions you create, but may be for C++'s built-in functions

((OPTION_D))

Cannot be T


B


((MARKS)) (1/2/3...)

((QUESTION))

((OPTION_A))

((OPTION_B))

((OPTION_C))

((OPTION_D))


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