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Title: Long-term impact of TBI on patients and society Name: Gabriela Ilie, PhD Dalhousie University Faculty of Medicine, Halifax, Canada Concussion and all forms of traumatic brain injury (TBI) are now recognized to be a major problem around the world. In North America alone, there are at least 1.75 million people who sustain TBI annually [1] and 2% of the population is disabled as a result of TBI [2]. Our population based work with youth from Public and Catholic schools throughout Ontario has shown that twenty percent of adolescents in Ontario, grades 7 through 12, report having had a traumatic brain injury (TBI) in their lifetime [3]. Five percent of these youth report at least one TBI in the past 12 months and more than half of these are reported to have occurred during sport activities [3]. Sport-related TBIs are the main mechanism of injury among youth [3,4]. Adolescents who incurred a TBI in their lifetime but not recently (past year) were 3 times higher to report current grades below 60% in school, compared to adolescents who never had a TBI [3]. Amongh youth and adults who had at least one TBI in their lifetime, the odds were between 2 to 5 times higher to curently report mental health issues (e.g., suicide ideation or attempt, ADHD, depression, anxiety) violence, conduct behaviours, bullying, substance abuse, and road rage behaviours [5-9]. The scope and scale of this problem presents a compelling case for change that requires innovation encompassing knowledge translation and clinical care, management of system resources, knowledge discovery and research. References: 1. Roebuck-Spencer, T., & Cernich, A., Epidemiology and Societal Impact of Traumatic Brain Injury in Handbook on the Neuropsychology of Traumatic Brain Injury. 2014, Springer: New York. p. 3-23. 2. Langlois, J.A., The epidemiology and impact of traumatic brain injury: A brief overview. J Head Trauma Rehabil, 2006. 21(5): p. 375-8. 3. Ilie, G., et al., Prevalence and correlates of traumatic brain injuries among adolescents. JAMA, 2013. 309(24): p. 2550-2. 4. Bazarian, J.J., et al., Sex differences in outcome after mild traumatic brain injury. J Neurotrauma, 2010. 27(3): p. 527-39. 5. Ilie, G, Mann, R.E., Adlaf, E.M., Hamilton, H., Asbridge, M., Jürgen, R., Cusiman DM. (2015) The association between traumatic brain injury and ADHD in a Canadian adult sample. Journal of Psychiatric Research, 69, 174-179 6. Ilie, G., Mann, R., Ialomiteanu, A., Adlaf, E., Hamilton, H., Wickens, C., Asbridge, M., Rehm, J, & Cusimano, MD. (2015) Traumatic brain injury, driver aggression and motor vehicle collisions in Canadian adults. Accident Analysis and Prevention, 81: 1-7 7. Ilie, G., Ialomiteanu, A., Adlaf, E.M., Mann, R.E., Hamilton, H., Asbridge, M., Jürgen, R., Cusimano, D.M. (2014) Associations between a history of traumatic brain injuries and current cigarette smoking, cannabis use, nonmedical opioid use, and elevated psychological distress in a population sample of Canadian adults. Journal of Neurotrauma, 32(14). DOI:10.1089/neu.2014.3619. 8. Ilie, G., Boak, A., Adlaf, E.M., Mann, R.E., Hamilton, H., Asbridge, M., Jürgen, R., Cusimano, D.M. (2014) Suicidality, bullying and other conduct and mental health correlates of traumatic brain injury in adolescents. PLoS One, 9(4); e94936.
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Title: Long-term impact of TBI on patients and societyName: Gabriela Ilie, PhD
Dalhousie University Faculty of Medicine, Halifax, Canada
Concussion and all forms of traumatic brain injury (TBI) are now recognized to be a major problem around the world. In North America alone, there are at least 1.75 million people who sustain TBI annually [1] and 2% of the population is disabled as a result of TBI [2]. Our population based work with youth from Public and Catholic schools throughout Ontario has shown that twenty percent of adolescents in Ontario, grades 7 through 12, report having had a traumatic brain injury (TBI) in their lifetime [3]. Five percent of these youth report at least one TBI in the past 12 months and more than half of these are reported to have occurred during sport activities [3]. Sport-related TBIs are the main mechanism of injury among youth [3,4]. Adolescents who incurred a TBI in their lifetime but not recently (past year) were 3 times higher to report current grades below 60% in school, compared to adolescents who never had a TBI [3]. Amongh youth and adults who had at least one TBI in their lifetime, the odds were between 2 to 5 times higher to curently report mental health issues (e.g., suicide ideation or attempt, ADHD, depression, anxiety) violence, conduct behaviours, bullying, substance abuse, and road rage behaviours [5-9]. The scope and scale of this problem presents a compelling case for change that requires innovation encompassing knowledge translation and clinical care, management of system resources, knowledge discovery and research.
References:1. Roebuck-Spencer, T., & Cernich, A., Epidemiology and Societal Impact of Traumatic Brain Injury in Handbook on the
Neuropsychology of Traumatic Brain Injury. 2014, Springer: New York. p. 3-23.2. Langlois, J.A., The epidemiology and impact of traumatic brain injury: A brief overview. J Head Trauma Rehabil, 2006.
21(5): p. 375-8.3. Ilie, G., et al., Prevalence and correlates of traumatic brain injuries among adolescents. JAMA, 2013. 309(24): p. 2550-2.4. Bazarian, J.J., et al., Sex differences in outcome after mild traumatic brain injury. J Neurotrauma, 2010. 27(3): p. 527-39.5. Ilie, G, Mann, R.E., Adlaf, E.M., Hamilton, H., Asbridge, M., Jürgen, R., Cusiman DM. (2015) The association between
traumatic brain injury and ADHD in a Canadian adult sample. Journal of Psychiatric Research, 69, 174-1796. Ilie, G., Mann, R., Ialomiteanu, A., Adlaf, E., Hamilton, H., Wickens, C., Asbridge, M., Rehm, J, & Cusimano, MD. (2015)
Traumatic brain injury, driver aggression and motor vehicle collisions in Canadian adults. Accident Analysis and Prevention, 81: 1-7
7. Ilie, G., Ialomiteanu, A., Adlaf, E.M., Mann, R.E., Hamilton, H., Asbridge, M., Jürgen, R., Cusimano, D.M. (2014) Associations between a history of traumatic brain injuries and current cigarette smoking, cannabis use, nonmedical opioid use, and elevated psychological distress in a population sample of Canadian adults. Journal of Neurotrauma, 32(14). DOI:10.1089/neu.2014.3619.
8. Ilie, G., Boak, A., Adlaf, E.M., Mann, R.E., Hamilton, H., Asbridge, M., Jürgen, R., Cusimano, D.M. (2014) Suicidality, bullying and other conduct and mental health correlates of traumatic brain injury in adolescents. PLoS One, 9(4); e94936.
9. Ilie, G, Boak, A., Adlaf, E.M., Mann, R.E., Hamilton, H., Asbridge, M., Jürgen, R., Cusimano, D.M. (2015) Substance use, energy drinks and academic performance associates of traumatic brain injuries among adolescents (PLOS One, DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0135860, 1-13).
BiographyDr. Gabriela Ilie has completed her PhD in 2006 from University of Toronto and postdoctoral studies from St. Michael’s Hospital, Division of Neurosurgery, and Centre for Addiction and Mental Health in Toronto, Canada. She has established an extensive scholarly publication record in traumatic brain injury research, has contributed to changing policy in Ontario with respect to concussion regulation in Public and Catholic schools, she is a revieweer for several medical journals, and has been interviewed nationally and internationally by media about her research.
Presenting author details Full name: Gabriela IlieContact number: (902) 494-4527Research Gate account: https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Gabriela_IlieLinked In account: https://ca.linkedin.com/in/gabriela-ilie-1345579b
