Vietnam conflict day 3 4

35
Conflict Conflict

Transcript of Vietnam conflict day 3 4

Page 1: Vietnam conflict day 3 4

Vietnam Vietnam ConflictConflict

Page 2: Vietnam conflict day 3 4

Involvement under Involvement under JohnsonJohnson

"I won't "I won't send send American American boys to do boys to do the fighting the fighting for Asian for Asian troops." troops." Didn’t Didn’t want to be want to be 1st pres. to 1st pres. to lose a warlose a war Increased Increased troops to troops to 27,000 in 27,000 in 19641964

Page 3: Vietnam conflict day 3 4

Involvement under Involvement under LBJLBJ Believed S. rebellion caused by North NV sending troops into S. through

Ho Chi Minh Trail b/c couldn’t cross 17th parallel Approved Operation Menu –

top secret raids against North =

bomb Trail in Laos & Cambodia

Page 4: Vietnam conflict day 3 4
Page 5: Vietnam conflict day 3 4

Video – 8 minutesVideo – 8 minutes

Gulf of Tonkin Incident & Resolution

Page 6: Vietnam conflict day 3 4

Gulf of Tonkin IncidentAugust 2, 1964USS Maddox attacked NV “ it was spying” LBJ said 2nd attack

occurred 2 days later for no reason… … but never really happened

Led to Gulf of Tonkin Resolution

- war powers to president until…

- EXECUTIVE PRIVILEGE - only 2 dissenting votes in Congress

Page 7: Vietnam conflict day 3 4

Used G. of T. to Used G. of T. to escalate US escalate US involvementinvolvement

Operation Operation Rolling Rolling

Thunder – Thunder – dropped dropped

bombs on NVbombs on NV

Used more Used more bombs in bombs in

four years than four years than combined total combined total

dropped by dropped by Allied & Allied &

Axis in all WWIIAxis in all WWII

Page 8: Vietnam conflict day 3 4

Elephant Grass

Huey

General Westmoreland

Page 9: Vietnam conflict day 3 4
Page 10: Vietnam conflict day 3 4

Involvement under Involvement under LBJLBJ General

Westmoreland’s policy of Attrition…

Led to Search and Destroy

missions: “clearing &

securing operations”

End of 1965: 80,000 troops

Page 11: Vietnam conflict day 3 4

Phuc sustained third-degree burns to half her body and was not expected to live. But thanks to assistance from South Vietnamese photographer Nick Ut, and after surviving a 14-month hospital stay and 17 operations, she became an outspoken peace activist.- Wikipedia

"Napalm is the most terrible pain you can imagine," said Kim Phuc, known from a famous Vietnam War photograph. "Water boils at 100 degrees Celsius. Napalm generates temperatures of 800 to 1,200 degrees Celsius."

1972

Used in 1965

Napalm – 2 substances mixed with gasoline to gel

SV attack – NOT US attack

Page 12: Vietnam conflict day 3 4

Involvement under Involvement under LBJLBJ 1967 ground

war reached stalemate US increased air raids Resulted in many civilian casualties Led to revulsion in US & abroad (China & SU)

Page 13: Vietnam conflict day 3 4

VideoVideo

Tet Offensive

Page 14: Vietnam conflict day 3 4

Tet Offensive 1968Tet Offensive 1968

Jan. 31st TET =Vietnamese New

YearVC hit every major SV city

almost simultaneousl

y

Page 15: Vietnam conflict day 3 4

First, Khe Sanh was attacked…

Followed by Hue…

Page 16: Vietnam conflict day 3 4

Considered longest & bloodiest battle of warOver 3000 civilians killed by VC & NVA US estimates approx. 8000 VC & NVA killed40% of city destroyed in 26 days; 90% homeless

Referred to as the Massacre at Hue

Page 17: Vietnam conflict day 3 4

… Took 8 weeks to get all VC &

NVA out…

Saigon captured for 8

hours…

Page 18: Vietnam conflict day 3 4
Page 19: Vietnam conflict day 3 4

“The United States won the battle, but lost the war for public opinion.”

- mil.citrus.cc.ca.us/.../ HIST155/Briefings.htm

Both sides claimed victory…

Page 20: Vietnam conflict day 3 4

DA NANG

HUE

Page 21: Vietnam conflict day 3 4
Page 22: Vietnam conflict day 3 4

Feb. 1, 1968--during Tet Offensive--Feb. 1, 1968--during Tet Offensive--General Nguyen Ngoc Loan, director of General Nguyen Ngoc Loan, director of SV’s national police force, executed a SV’s national police force, executed a Viet Cong prisoner on streets of Viet Cong prisoner on streets of Saigon.Saigon. http://www.brianripley.com/2004.htmhttp://www.brianripley.com/2004.htm

Page 23: Vietnam conflict day 3 4

After Tet, Westmorela

nd reassured America: “Victory

was near”

Start of 1969: 543,000

Page 24: Vietnam conflict day 3 4

America divided: been told this since 1955

Then, they learned of the My Lai Massacre…

Page 25: Vietnam conflict day 3 4

My Lai MassacreMy Lai Massacre March 16, 1968

In the Son My District (known VC area)10-14,000 ppl

Charlie Company (150 ppl) under Capt. Medina

Lt. William Calley (50 ppl)

Lost 50 ppl in 2 mos. up to massacre

Search and destroy ordered in My Lai

2 objectives: revenge & body count

Page 26: Vietnam conflict day 3 4
Page 27: Vietnam conflict day 3 4

Lt. William Calley

Hugh Thompson

W/ him: Lawrence Colburn, Glenn Andreotta, and Ron Ridenhour

Page 28: Vietnam conflict day 3 4

Found: 3 rifles, 10 hand grenades

Reading from Hugh Thompson

Page 29: Vietnam conflict day 3 4

http://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://www.fortunecity.com/tinpan/parton/2/mylai2.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.fortunecity.com/tinpan/parton/2/mylai2.html&h=200&w=298&sz=11&tbnid=9FsMln1f1uZQdM:&tbnh=74&tbnw=111&hl=en&start=10&prev=/images%3Fq%3DLt%2BCalley%26svnum%3D10%26hl%3Den%26lr%3D

CALLEY 1969 court martialed 109 counts of murder Guilty of 33 Dishonorable discharge Life in prison Reduced to 20 years Pardoned in 1974

Page 30: Vietnam conflict day 3 4

WELCOME to the

Mandatory Draft

Page 31: Vietnam conflict day 3 4
Page 32: Vietnam conflict day 3 4

December 1, 1969

Males born btwn 1/1/44 and 12/31/50 366 capsules pulled from glass jar & assigned anRSN beginning with number 1 radio, TV, film low number = greater chance of being drafted

Selective Service System History and Records.htm

Affected 18 – 26

year olds

Page 33: Vietnam conflict day 3 4

Draft ExemptionsAnd Deferments1. Student Deferment

But if you drop out, expelled or fail out…

2. Hardship Deferment3. Health Deferment4. Occupational Deferment

Ministers, Teachers, Elected officials, Farmers

5. Conscientious Objectors *Draft Dodgers… Went to Canada, Mexico, Sweden, Am.

“Underground”

Page 34: Vietnam conflict day 3 4
Page 35: Vietnam conflict day 3 4

The Anti-War Movement Arises