Video Camera and Its types

TRINITY INSTITUTE OF PROFESSIONAL STUDIES

Sector – 9, Dwarka Institutional Area, New Delhi-75 Affiliated G.G.S.IP.U, Delhi

Basics of Camera Light and SoundSubmitted by- Mr. Ajay Kumar

BJMCBasics of Camera Light and

Sound 24207

TRINITY INSTITUTE OF PROFESSIONAL STUDIESSector – 9, Dwarka Institutional Area, New Delhi-75

Video Camera A camera that captures moving images and converts them into electronic

signals so that they can be saved on storage device, such as video tapes or hard drive or can be viewed on a monitor.

A video camera records images on video tape or for transmitting them to a monitor screen.

The Video Camera is the single most important piece of production equipment.

To produce an optical image there is no need to be a skilled electronics engineer all you need to do is to st the camera settings and just press the right camera buttons.

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Working• All video camera work on the same basic principle, the

conversion of an optical image into electrical signal that are reconverted by a television set into visible images.

• Specifically; the light that is reflected from object is gathered by a lens and focused on the imaging or pick-up device. The imaging device is the principle camera element that converts the lights into electric energy.

• The imaging or pick-up device consist of small solid state device normally called CCD (Charged coupled devices).


• The CCD contains hundreds of thousands of image sensing elements called pixels (a word made up of pix, for picture and els for elements) are arranged in horizontal and vertical rows. Each pixel translates the light to an electrical current.

• These electrical signals travel to the recording section. The current creates the small magnetic field which is recorded on the magnetic coating of the tape. To view the image the process is reversed.

• The magnetic field on the tape creates an electrical current which is used to generate the picture in the viewfinder or in the television or monitor


Types of Video Camera

• A number of factors can influence one’s choice of camera including:

1) Cost initial and running cost.2) Physical aspects: e.g. weight, portability, methods of

mounting.3) Operational features: - e.g. facilities, controls, handling

flexibility (e.g. zoom range).4) Electronic/optical performance: - e.g. Resolution, color

quality, picture noise; performance stability.


Studio Camera• They are most commonly found inside the studio, it is also used

outside in the field, where it is mounted relatively at a fixed position.

• As Studio cameras are heavy in weight they are mounted on heavy duty wheel dollies pedestals or rolling tripods on a panning head (pan and tilt head) which enables it to turn (pan) and tilt. Its focus and zoom controls are usually fixed to the panning handles which position the head.

• To make it easier for the operator to accurately focus and compose pictures, a full size 5 or 7 inch ,viewfinder is usually fitted to the studio camera.

• All studio cameras receive their power from a DC (direct current) power supply.


If Else


PortableCamera• Although the large studio cameras produce superior quality;

they do have the drawbacks of being costly, bulky, and heavy. So, as the high performance and with much lower operating costs, portable cameras become available; they were adopted by many organizations

• The portable cameras can be used in several different formats: -

1. It may have a separate compact video cassette.2. The cameras output may be routed via cable to a near by video tape

recorder.3. The Camera may be connected to an up station (portable or van),

which transmits its output via a satellite to the control center.


Convertible Camera• Where a camera is convertible, you can use it in various configurations

i.e. fittings different kind of lenses, viewfinders, videotape recorders etc, to suit a particular production.

• For a studio show, the camera is mounted on a dolly; with the larger viewfinder that is essential for flexible dolly operation. While you can use its standard zoom lens.

• When you want to shoulder-support your camera for maximum mobility, you can fit light weight attachments a smaller hand operated zoom, and a compact eye piece viewfinder because you are working up close to the camera where you need them, you can attach a small camera light and a microphone.

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ENG and EFP Camera• • Although systems are often designated as ENG (Electronic news gathering) or EFP

(electronic field production) they are in fact just variations on the portable cameras.• 1. ENG- (electronic news gathering) The camcorders used for news gathering invariably

work alone, are generally shoulder mounted with a small camera light and microphone attached and powered by a battery, belt power. It weights around 2 to 6 kg.

2. EFP- (electronic field production) Shooting away from the studio program inserts, documentaries, magazine features; commercials etc high grade portable cameras may be used in various configurations. Most productions shoot with a single camcorder, but some times (e.g. drama or sports event) a multi camera shoot is controlled at a central point (CCU). The cameras may be setup on a mountings range from a tripod to a portable pedestal or a jib arm or crane.

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Consumer Grade Cameras

• Certain equipment formats found in the low budget non professional market are now increasingly known as consumer camcorders.

• The, Mini DV, Handy Cams and DVC videotape recorder formats in handheld camcorders and the various desktop video facilities based on the personal computer, reflect the high technical standards that are now achievable in minimum price.

• These cameras are easy to handle as they don’t require much technical specification. Now a days due to advancement in technology the video is recorded on a memory card to make it easy to use or view.

Video Camera and Its types

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