VG SMARTGLASS TECHNOLOGY AND PRODUCT

REFERENCE GUIDE

FEBRUARY 2016

Contents TECHNOLOGY OVERVIEW ........................................................................................................................................ 3

TESTING ....................................................................................................................................................................... 10

KEY PARTNERS ......................................................................................................................................................... 14

GENERAL PRODUCT INFORMATION ................................................................................................................... 16

INTERIOR PRIVACY PRODUCTS ........................................................................................................................... 16

AUTOMOTIVE PRODUCTS ..................................................................................................................................... 22

SMART AUTOMATION ............................................................................................................................................... 24

3 PART SPECIFICATION- INTERIOR PRIVACY PANELS .................................................................................. 26

APPENDIX- TECHNOLOGY AND COMMERCIALIZATION TIMELINE ............................................................. 33

TECHNOLOGY OVERVIEW

1. SUMMARY VG SmartGlass allows the user to change your environment by instantly controlling the amount of light,

glare, and heat coming through the windows of your office, home, or vehicle. VG SmartGlass is a distinct category of “smart glass” and is based on eight years of research and development efforts from a company called SmarterShade Inc. VG SmartGlass recently acquired SmarterShade Inc. in July 2015.

Smart glass is the next evolution in energy efficient windows. The term applies to any type of glass that can manually or automatically increase and decrease the amount of light that passes through it. User controlled smart glass such as polymer dispersed liquid crystal, electrochromic, and suspended particle device technologies need electricity to transition from their transparent to darkened or reflective states. Unfortunately, this requirement makes them costly and difficult to install. Other technologies such as thermochromic and photochromic technologies are less versatile and transition automatically and consequently deprive the user of control over their view and environment.

VG SmartGlass Technology is an improvement over previous technologies through simplification. VG SmartGlass Technology offers improvements in performance, energy savings, and cost. These windows are constructed from spatially patterned optical retarding films designed to take advantage of existing fabrication techniques suitable for large area substrates and high volume production.

2. HOW VG SMARTGLASS TECHNOLOGY WORKS VG SmartGlass Technology is polarization based. The simplest

polarization based variable window is made by placing two polarizing films one after another (the second polarizer is generally called an analyzer) and rotating one with respect to the other. Initially, when the polarization axis of the polarizer and analyzer are parallel the amount of light transmittance is maximized. But as one polarizer is rotated light transmission steadily decreases until the two axes are crossed and in theory no light is transmitted (0% in theory, about 0.03% in practice).

This produces a cost effective means of shading that decades ago had been used in the aerospace industry where the round windows in aircraft allowed for widespread adoption. Unfortunately, most applications for light control do not conveniently allow for the required 90° rotation of an optical film.

VG SmartGlass is able to produce a variable transmission window adjustable through linearly translating one panel with respect to a second panel instead of rotation. This is achieved by patterning polarization film. If the polarization film induces varying polarization states across one dimension, linear displacement of one film with respect to the other will uniformly modulate the overall panel transmission. In practice, patterned polarization films can be created by patterning the polarization film directly or by affixing a patterned half wave plate to a uniform linear polarizer.

In direct polarization modulation the polarization axis of two linear polarizers are patterned in such a way that linearly translating one film with respect to the other changes the mutual angle between their polarizing axes and correspondingly changes the amount of light transmitted.

In contrast, indirect polarization modulation relies on two patterned half wave plates. When placed between crossed uniform linear polarizers a half wave plate rotates incoming polarized light by twice the angle between the optical axis of the incoming polarizer and half wave plate. Placing the half wave plate's optical axis at 45° to the incoming polarizer achieves a maximum transmission. But as the half wave plate is rotated light transmission steadily decreases until the optical axis of the half wave plate aligns with either of the input or output polarizers and in theory no light is transmitted. It is possible to pattern the orientation of the half wave plate’s optical axis in such a way that linear displacement of one film with respect to the other changes the angle between the optical axis of the first and second wave plate. As a result, the angle through which the incoming polarized light is rotated changes, thus changing the amount of light transmitted.

VG SmartGlass uses patterned half wave plates for a number of reasons. First, it gives us the flexibility to choose from numerous off-the-shelf uniform linear polarizers depending on the application. For instance, by switching from absorptive polarizers to reflective polarizers we create a smart mirror which transitions between half-mirrored (partly transparent) and mirrored states, reflecting out incident solar heat gain and greatly improving efficiency. In the case of patterned polarizers, the specifications (extinction ratio, transmission, environmental stability, etc.) are highly dependent on the manufacturing process and cannot be controlled independently. Secondly, large area patterned retarders are heavily investigated as compensation films and 3-D encoders in large area LCDs. As a result, methods of fabricating patterned retarders are often more scalable and cost effective as they must be suitable for display manufacturing.

3. PATTERNING THE OPTICAL AXIS: Photo-Induced Surface Alignment Alignment layers provide a well-defined orientation of liquid crystal (LC) molecules in contact with

the aligning surface. Rubbed polyimide films are still the mainstream alignment layers for uniaxial films used in liquid crystal displays, however, photoalignment is quickly becoming the industry standard for films that have multiple orientations such as the patterned retarders used in 3D displays. This application is shown below in Figure 1A.

Figure 1 VG SmartGlass Operation

Figure 2 Diagram illustrating the effect of an

alignment master.

A photoaligned layer is oriented solely by light exposure, i.e. without any mechanical contact and

consequently enables an arbitrary orientation to be transferred to the LC molecules. Exposing a substrate coated with specialized photo-reactive polymers (azo-dyes, Rolic Research Linear Photopolymers) to linearly polarized UV light (LPUV) induces preferential alignment direction in the direction of polarization and subsequent alignment of LC molecules coming in contact with the photoreactive alignment layer. A spatial variation in alignment direction can be induced by area-selectively exposing the alignment layer to differently conditioned LPUV light i.e. with varying intensities, incidence angles, or polarization directions. In a second step, the anisotropic LPP layer is coated with a formulation of the liquid crystal polymer (LCP) containing also a photoinitiator. After aligning the LCP by the subjacent LPP layer, the film is crosslinked with unpolarized UV light, providing a permanently oriented patterned retarder.

3.1 Alignment There are different ways to generate alignment patterns in

LPP layers. Among them are the use of photomasks, alignment masters, laser scanning and synchronized rotation and/or movement of the UV-polarizer and substrate during UV-exposure. The prototypes were produced by using a photomask to enable each region to be individually exposed and rotating the substrate by the desired angle between each exposure to change the alignment direction. This method is not suitable for volume production, but it provides a valuable proof of concept with minimal tooling.

One option for creating the required complex alignment pattern in a single exposure step is the use of an alignment master. The function of an alignment master is to provide LPUV light with a spatial variation of the polarization plane, which directly generates an alignment pattern when it hits the LPP layer.

4. FILM EVALUATION (2008-2010) After fabricating patterned retarders individual films were evaluated based on optical film quality

parameters identified as key aspects required in constructing high quality retarders for VG SmartGlass VTWs.

4.1 Retardance at Target Value The design for the prototypes targeted a half wave retardance for a wavelength of 550 nm. The

patterned half wave plates for the prototypes consist of 32 equal width domains over which the orientation of the optical axis of the retarder changes by a step size of 5.625° between adjacent domains. A full scale variable transmission window is created by repeating this 50 mm total pattern and using two films.

Left eye Image Right eye Image

Figure 1A- 3D TV film application

Figure 3 VG SmartGlass Pattern

Proper orientation of the optical axis for each domain in accordance with the design is critical to ensure uniform window appearance. The spatial variation in the orientation of the optical axis was determined by measuring light transmission and using the equation for light transmission for a wave plate between crossed polarizers.

As two films are needed for the construction of a VTW, we evaluated two separate films for transmission and uniformity using an Ocean Optics HR4000 spectrometer in combination with an Ocean Optics HL-2000-HP-232 broad spectrum halogen light source. Figure 4 shows the transmission for a wavelength of 550 nm for the domains measured in each film. For a perfect film, these should be symmetrical. Our measurements show a generally symmetrical (sin2) shape, but are not perfect, this indicates there may be an issue with the alignment of the optical axis on consecutive domains.

Figure 4 Domain transmission rates for retardance film individually placed between crossed polarizers and measured at 550 nm.

We are able to use these transmission values to calculate the angle of the fast axis with respect to the linear polarizer using:

𝑇 = 𝑇0 sin2(2𝜃) (1)

where T is the transmission, T0 is the maximum amplitude, and θ is the angle of the fast axis. The maximum amplitude is transmission through two uncrossed polarizers and was measured to be 38.97%.

Fig. 5 shows the calculated angles of the prototype films compared with that of the ideal design. The perfect sample should have a linear change in angle, with a change of 5.625° between consecutive domains. As suspected, the measured transmission values correspond to a pattern that is close to, but not quite linear. These deviations from the design negatively affect aperture uniformity in a variable transmission window. Fortunately, they are solely a result of the handmade process used to create the spatial variation in alignment direction and will not be an issue during production because of the use of an alignment master.

Figure 7 Digital image of a film between crossed

polarizers. Each stripe corresponds to a domain of a

particular angle orientation.

Figure 5 Calculated (red) and ideal (black) fast axis angles of domains within each film prototype.

4.2 Film Uniformity The uniformity of the film, specifically the optical retardance uniformity across each retardance

domain, is a critical parameter to control polarized light output and ensure uniform window appearance. The film uniformity was quantified by placing the patterned retarder between crossed polarizers in a polarization microscope and collecting images at several polarizer/analyzer (P/A) orientations. The “stripes” that appear when the film is placed between crossed polarizers are indicative of patterned domains where the fast axis of the optical retarder is of a particular angle with respect to the linear polarizers.

Figure 6 Single film between crossed polarizers with varying orientation.

Figure 6 shows how the appearance of the film changes as it is rotated through 90°. From these digital images the uniformity was quantified by calculating standard deviation of pixel intensity across each specific domain at each P/A orientation. The results show that transmission within each domain varies by less than 0.54%, with an average variation of 0.35%, which indicates that retardance and orientation of the optical axis is uniform within each domain. 4.3 Domain Border Quality

Domain border sharpness is important in registering one patterned retarder with respect to another for VG SmartGlass VTWs. Improper registration can result in visible lines where polarization states are not well controlled. Domain border quality was quantified by using the above digital images and plotting light intensity across the full spatial pattern in each P/A orientation. At each border, the transition in light intensity moving from one polarization state to the adjacent was evaluated on the physical distance required to transition from one transmission level to the next.

From digital analysis, each domain was measured to be an average of 45 pixels wide which equates to 1.563 mm (0.0347 mm per pixel). At the boundaries, there is an average “blur” zone of 3 pixels, or 0.104 mm, within which there is a mix of intensities from either domain. This stems from the pixel size of the CCD within the camera, as the domain boundary will cross multiple pixels, as well as confusion between the alignments of the two LC domains. This “blur” zone is 6.67% of the size of the domain (3.33% of adjacent domains). In the VTWs these domain boundaries will have a slight effect on aperture uniformity, as perfect alignment is essential to a uniform appearance. Fortunately, these stripes are “invisible” at distances over 0.446 m (17.6 in.). This distance was confirmed experimentally and was calculated from the angular resolution of the human eye:

sin𝜃 ≅ℎ

𝑅 (2)

where θ is the angular resolution (about 0.8 arc minutes), h is the size of the “blur” zone, and R is the distance from the VTW.

The domain boundaries were also evaluated for angular discrepancy, as all domains should be parallel. From digital analysis, the domains exhibit an average variation of 0.2°. Fortunately, this variation and the “blur zone” is solely a result of the handmade process used to create the spatial variation in alignment direction and will not be an issue during production because of the use of an alignment master.

5. EVALUATION OF VARIABLE TRANSMISSION WINDOW (2009-2010) A small variable transmission window is created by placing two patterned retarders in between crossed

polarizers. Evaluation criteria are based on perceived consumer requirements in a VTW based on preliminary feedback from our commercial partners and other potential consumers.

Figure 8 Diagram of assembly of VTW for a clear state (a) and a dark state (b).

5.1 Window Transmission

When assembled into a variable transmission window the pattern used for this prototype produces eight different levels of light transmission and the full range of transmission is achieved through a 13 mm displacement of one patterned retarder with respect to the other.

Figure 9 Digital images of the prototype VTW in the 8 primary states. The two prototype films overlap to produce the VTW area in the center of the image.

An initial concern raised about the polarization based operation of the VG SmartGlass VTW is the limitation of a maximum transmission of 50%. However, as is apparent in Figure 9a (T = 38%), this is an acceptable maximum transmission. To understand why, it is important to understand how the human eye perceives light intensity. For our purposes, we will consider the effect of the pupil and photoreceptor cells (rods and cones).

The pupil can change size in an effort to moderate the amount of light incident on the retina. As the pupil is circular in humans, the amount of light let through is proportional to the square of the diameter of the pupil. On average, the pupil has a minimum diameter of 3-4 mm and a maximum diameter of 5-9 mm. From the pupil alone, someone with excellent vision would perceive the same intensity outside on a sunny day, as they would in a room with a light source on 11% as bright as daylight. Someone with only a minimally active pupil would need a light source 65% as bright as daylight. As such the pupil provides levels of adaptation for light intensities.

Rods and cones interact with the light allowed through the pupil (about 30% of which reaches the retina) based on intensity and wavelength. These photoreceptors allow for distinction of a thousand fold range of light intensities for a given adaptation.

Together, the eye has a sliding scale of response providing equivalent perceived intensities. As such, the human eye is best at distinguishing intensities relative to something else in the same field of view. This is quite different from a photometer, which determines absolute intensities.

Therefore, a window with a maximum transmission of 50% (or even 38%) would not appear to be overly tinted unless it was next to a window with a significantly higher transmission. Furthermore, commercial buildings typically have windows that transmit around 45% visible light, with some of the darkest getting down to about 6-8%. For interior privacy applications, VG SmartGlass can achieve a near “blackout state” that is unique compared to any other smart glass technology.

TESTING

Test Summary

Accelerated Testing Overview of Key Tests THERMAL CYCLING We use a non-humidity controlled test with the product "hung" on the open wall of the test chamber so one side sees lab ambient (roughly 70 F) while the other side cycles through the temp range as shown below. This simulates "in use" criteria.

Program Profile

Step Temp (F) RH Ramp Soak

Start 70° -----

Ramp to -20° ----- 1° / Min

Soak -20° ----- 2.0 Hours

Ramp to 165° ----- 1° / Min

Soak 165° ----- 2.0 Hours

Test Details Results to Date

Accelerated Weathering

80℃ 500hr, 60℃ / 90%rh 500hr, -30℃ 500hr, 400W UV lamp

500hr, -40℃~70℃ 100 cycle; See DETAILED Document"

Accelerated Testing Overview of Key Tests" No delamination

Fire Rating BS 476: Part 22: 1987 Passed for 30 and 60 minutes fire rating

Mechanical Cycle Test Longevity test- 263,000 cycles Passed

Fire Rating

ANSI/UL 9, "Fire Tests of Window Assemblies”

ANSI/UL 10B, "Fire Tests of Door Assemblies”

ANSI/UL 10C, "Positive Pressure Fire Tests of Door

Assemblies

Planned Q2 2016

Human Impact Testing International Code Council Section 2406 Safety Glazing

Baton and Mallet tested in UK

Evaluating ICC test Q2 2016

Visible light transmission Transmission @ 550nm

Range:

.002% (closed) - 40.6% (open)

Haze Clarity of viewing 1.29%

UV

UV Chamber: 1,200 hours (12 year simulation). See detailed

document: "UV Durability from ASTM2141 Procedure".

No color shift or degradation

Offgassing

Test for offgassing potential within a hermetically sealed

double glazed unit. See detailed document: "Fluke Fog Test

Overview"

Amount of off gas [μg/cm2]

(Water: 210.0; Other Chemicals: 2.6)

Shrinkage 240 hours @ 80C 100μm

Energy - SHGC Simulated - based on attributes of films used RESFEN/ COMFEN

• SHGC Open: .36

• SHGC Closed: .20

Energy- U - value Simulated based on modeled configuration 0.3

Privacy Subjective end user evaluation (hospital) Passed

Sound STC Rating Evaluating Q2 2016

Wind Sheer TBD - Gathering requirements Plannded Q3 2016

Condensation For architectural windows - test for condensation for systems not contained in a hermetic seal Plannded Q3 2016

Hurricane Impact Testing Dade county certification or equivalent Plannded Q3 2016

Mechanical testing TBD - based on end device None

Ramp to 70° ----- 1° / Min

Repeat 10 Cycles

**with 1°F per minute ramp

PROLONGED THERMAL EXPOSURE RATING - 2000 hours at 75 °C (167 °F), RH 0-5% - 100 hours at 90 °C (194 °F), RH 0-5% - 75 hours at -50 °C (-40 °F), RH 0-5%

UV TESTING

- UV dose of 560,000 J/cm2 (>20 years expected exposure) without significant performance

degradation

TEST PARAMETERS/JUDGEMENT CRITERIA

Delamination

- No delamination of polarizer film from FPR film - No delamination of polarizer film from glass

Optical Properties

- < 5% change in transmission properties for light and dark states Color Uniformity

- TBD ASTM C-1376-10

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The ASTM C-1376-10 specifications (see excerpt below) for vision glass central areas specify the occurrence of spots, pinholes, scratches, marks, internal color defects (e.g., alignment layer defects), and persistent contaminants. Specifically, the standard requires that each square meter of product shall contain no more than 50 defects visible to the naked eye at 0° incidence from a viewing distance of 3 meters. We would like to exceed this standard by a factor of 5, no more than 5 visible defects per square meter. Additional constraints, over and above the ASTM standard, are as follows: no pinhole (bright) defects larger than 0.1 mm. No point (dark) defects (including particulates and bubbles) larger than 1.6 mm. No scratches wider than 1 mm. Scratches of 0.5 mm width or greater shall not exceed 5 mm in length.

ASTM2141 – Modified Procedure

Test Conditions Ambient Temperature: 74°C (158°F) Humidity: Dry – 5% RH Exposure Intensity: The xenon lamps are powered to yield roughly a 1-sun illumination at the sample exposure plane from 290 nm through 600 nm. The lamps at these wavelengths shall be suitably filtered to provide an excellent match of an AM 1.5 solar spectrum from 300 nm to 900 nm (See excel sheet “ASTMG173”). Test Procedure

Run test for 500 hrs.

Remove samples and measure the optical transmittance at room temperature (22°C). Visually inspect the samples and photograph any detectable degradation with a digital camera.

Re-insert samples and run test for an additional 500 hours. Repeat this procedure until the test has been run 10 times for a total of 5000 hours.

Sample Evaluation

Change of value on single transmittance: ≤ 5%

Change of value on polarizing efficiency: ≤ 2%

These are not absolute requirements- we have not developed a specific standard for pass/fail. Note: Calculate the total accumulated energy dose. For example, the AM 1.5 irradiance of 1-sun in 24 h yields the equivalent of a total accumulated solar energy dose of 86.4 MJ/m2 (2,592 MJ/m2 per 30-day month) to each of the EC IGU samples. The four Xe lamps are typically operated at about 5400W. At this power, the filters and lamps only need to be replaced after about 2000 h of operation. Adjust the chamber temperature to obtain the desired surface temperature of the EC IGU. For example, with a chamber air temperature of 60 6 1°C, the average EC IGU surface temperature reaches a steady-state temperature of about 85 6 1°C depending on the sample size, optical PTR-ratio reached during voltage cycling, location of the device in the test plane, and the EC IGU construction. When the relative humidity is not controlled during testing, it may range from 5 % to 20 % at a 60°C chamber temperature.

IGU Simulations

Other Test Results- see additional documents:

Fire test data Vision Panel Global Assessment

Cycle Test Certification

UV Testing Summary and Conclusions

KEY PARTNERS

Dai Nippon Printing (DNP) - http://www.dnp.co.jp/eng/

Based in Tokyo, Japan

Preferred Film Manufacturing Partner (non exclusive*) and VG SmartGlass product licensee in Asia

Existing roll to roll film coating capability – used for mass production of display industry products for 10+ years

Utilizing same coating lines for VG SmartGlass products

Pilot film production and testing with VG SmartGlass team for 4+ years

Developed fabrication customer base in Japan to make VG SmartGlass products

Launched interior privacy products for healthcare, education, and office partition using VG SmartGlass technology in 2015

Currently in development with 6 automotive companies in Japan with the VG SmartGlass technology

Company profile below

* VG SmartGlass has 5 other film manufacturing partners

Intastop Ltd. - http://www.intastop.com/

Based in UK, established in 1992

Vision Panel Manufacturer and VG SmartGlass product licensee

Manufactures a number of health and mental healthcare facility products

Development of iVision started in 2013 o iVision based off INTAGlaze product- which has achieved widespread industry adoption o VG SmartGlass set up clean room for film lamination at Intastop facility in May 2015

iVision launched in August 2015, installations across UK, Ireland, and Australia

First U.S. iVision installation at the Lincoln Nebraska mental health facility in Q2 2016

VG SmartGlass will utilize Intastop as fabricator as needed on jobs in North America

Monda Window and Door

Based in Chicago, IL- within 5 miles of VG SmartGlass office

Residential and Commercial Window company

Glass kit fabricator VG SmartGlass product licensee

Currently producing orders for VG SmartGlass for hospital interiors, residential and commercial windows

o VG SmartGlass set up clean room for film lamination at Monda facility in January 2015

Wells Fargo and National Renewable Energy Lab (NREL)

VG SmartGlass (SmarterShade) is one of the first companies selected by Wells Fargo and NREL to participate in the Innovation Incubator program in April 2015: http://blogs.wf.com/environment/2015/04/first-four-companies-selected-in2-program/

VG SmartGlass to provide demo installation at NREL facility in Golden, CO – scheduled for April 2016

NREL to provide $200,000 worth of data simulation and energy modeling services to VG SmartGlass

Wells Fargo would like to implement VG Technology in their real estate portfolio

GENERAL PRODUCT INFORMATION

Film Types:

Invisiblind (available black, blue, red) o Standard 1 inch pitch (slat) o With and without “blackout bars”

Special patterns

Logos and Images

Invisiblind mirror

Continuous gradient

Continuous mirror

Interior and Exterior Window- sizes and Types

INTERIOR PRIVACY PRODUCTS

Attributes

• Instant switch • Privacy level tunable to as low as .002% • Film web width 1.4M+ • Base materials in production for 20+ years in mature industries • UV stable (evaluated in a 15-year simulation) • .20 SHGC ; lower possible in future • Haze less than 1.5% • Established supply chain • Provides 92% visibility:

• Manually operated, no wiring or electricity required • 15 year guarantee on mechanical system

• Cycle tested to greater than 250,000 cycles • Fire tested for 30 and 60 minutes • Interchangeable key to operate multiple devices • Omni-Directional operator design for right and left handed users • Frameless design • Patented material and design

User Benefits- interior hospitals

• Security and dignity of staff and service users assured using silent operation • Monitor patients easier with near full visibility • Easy for left or right hand users • Staff only need to carry one key(lifeline) to operate multi devices • Quiet operation (controlled closing of glass and optional plastic key)

Beading options

PVC-u Clad, Hardwood and Stainless Steel

Operation Options

Lever, key, knob, tab, motorized version with remote controls

Product Overview

VG Privacy vision panels are a high performance yet cost effective solution for projects where privacy viewing panels are required.

VG Privacy vision panels are available in a variety of options and sizes for Non Fire, 30 and 60 minute fire door applications

VG Privacy vision panels are available using stock components in 2 standard sizes 404mm x 404mm and 254mm x 804mm. Special sized units up to maximum area of glazing 1.8 m2 are available to special order.

VG privacy vision panels may be installed into any door set that is capable of demonstrating a minimum of 30 or 60 minutes integrity (as appropriate) when including a glazing system tested in accordance with BS476 part 22 1987. UL equivalents are currently planned in Q2 2016.

Glazing installation system and intumescent details must remain as tested.

Storage, Installation and Maintenance

1. Always handle, store and transport panels carefully.

2. Store in supplied box and packaging until installation.

3. Do not store in a damp environment.

4. Do not stand directly on the floor.

5. In Non Fire applications the cut out in the door leaf should be as per the panel size, see figure 1 below showing bead details.

6. In 30 minute fire rated applications the cut out in the door leaf should be cut 10mm larger than the actual panel that is to be fitted.

7. In 60 minute fire rated applications the cut out in the door leaf should be cut 8mm larger than the actual panel that is to be fitted.

8. Glazing beads (not supplied) should be hardwood of a minimum density of 540 kg/m3 for FD30 and minimum of 640kg/m3 for 60 minute panels. All glazing beads should be secured in position with 50mm long x 2mm diameter steel pins inserted at nominally 150mm centres and perpendicular to the bead splay.

9. Intumescent gaskets for 30 or 60 minute units are to be fitted in accordance with the

detailed drawing below.

10. Secure glazing beads to one side of door prior to installing the panel.

11. Remove panel from box vertically and check panel operates smoothly prior to securing into position.

12. Position panel into opening and set on timber / MDF spacing blocks.

13. Fix secondary glazing beads ensuring fixing pins do not strike unit.

14. A final check should ensure no movement of the unit between the beads.

15. For cleaning purposes use only soluble none abrasive detergents, soaps or glass cleaners. Use window leathers only, do not use bristle brushes or paper towels

16. Squeegees or soft lint free materials are recommended for drying. Ensure any moisture is removed

17. The importance of correct installation of the panel cannot be emphasized too strongly.

Abnormal operation can be due to poor installation and initial aperture preparation. Examples as follows:

Incorrect aperture preparation either dimensionally or out of square.

Beads applied too tightly to the door and unit.

Incorrect intumescent installation.

Loose handles - grub screw not secured tightly.

Panels must be at room temperature before installation.

Door Framing Details

AUTOMOTIVE PRODUCTS

Licensed technology into Japan

6 automotive projects – aftermarket and OEM Demonstration at SEMA auto show November 2016: https://youtu.be/_mvfLy4gk20

SEMA DEMO

MOONROOF RENDERING

FILM STACK AND SYSTEM COMPOSITION

SMART AUTOMATION

Servo, stepper motors, and linear actuators can all be used for various systems. The governing variable will be orientation of panel movement (side to side vs. vertical).

Power sources include wired systems and modular power through batteries. An electric motor mechanically moves one smart window panel with respect to another. The motor

can be controlled remotely through mobile and remote devices, locally on the window. Sensors on the smart window can detect the distant movement of the human hand commanding the

smart window to operate. Allowing for touchless human interaction. Sensors on the smart window can detect occupancy, light and temperature and adapt the level of

transmission. A centralized controller can communicate with multiple smart windows. This controller can also

connect to other systems like the thermostat, the HVAC system, clocks and timers as well as mobile devices and other remote control devices embedded in hospital settings including nurse’s stations and patient room beds

Alternative communication protocols are being explored for different building types To date. we have experimented using Arduinos with XBEE and WIFI shields. We found Wi-Fi to be

the most flexible technology (though not the most power conscious). For production, Arduinos will be replaced with microcontrollers.

3 PART SPECIFICATION- INTERIOR PRIVACY PANELS

** NOTE TO SPECIFIER ** This master specification section has been prepared by VG SmartGlass, LLC

for use in the preparation of a project specification section covering switchable privacy glass.

The following should be noted in using this specification:

• Hypertext links to specific websites are included after manufacturer names and names of organizations whose standards are referenced within the text, to assist in product selection an further research. Hypertext links are contained in parenthesis and shown in blue., e.g: (www.vgsmartglass.com)

• Optional text requiring a selection by the user is enclosed within brackets, e.g. “Section [09 0000.] [_______]”

• Items requiring user input are enclosed within brackets, e.g. “Section [_____-______]”

• Optional paragraphs are separated by an “OR” statement, e.g.: ****OR****

• Sustainable requirements are included for projects requiring LEED certification, and are included as green text. For additional information on LEED, visit the U.S. Green Building Council website at www.USGBC.org.

For assistance on the use of the products in this section, contact VG SmartGlass, LLC by calling toll-free 1-312-444-0496, by e-mail at sales@vgsmartglass.com, or visit their website at www.vgsmartglass.com

PART 1 GENERAL 1.1 SUMMARY

Edit the following paragraphs to include only those items specified in this section.

A. Section Includes:

1. Switchable privacy glass panels.

Coordinate the following paragraphs with other sections in the project manual.

B. Related Sections:

1. Division 01: Administrative, procedural, and temporary work requirements. 2. Section [06 4600 - Wood Trim] [_________ - _________]: Wood frames to receive glass

panels.

3. Section [08 1113 - Hollow Metal Doors and Frames] [__ ____ - _______]: Steel doors and frames to receive glass panels. 4. Section [08 1116 - Aluminum Doors and Frames] [__ ____ - _______]: Aluminum doors and frames to receive glass panels.

5. Section [08 1416 - Flush Wood Doors] [08 1433 - Stile and Rail Wood Doors] [__ ____ - _______]: Wood doors to receive glass panels.

6. Section [08 1513 - Laminated Plastic Doors] [__ ____ - _______]: Laminated plastic doors to receive glass panels.

7. Section [08 8000 - Glazing] [__ ____ - _______]: Glazing accessories.

1.2 REFERENCES In the following paragraphs, retain only those reference standards that are used elsewhere in this section.

A. ASTM International (ASTM) C1048 - Standard Specification for Heat-Treated Flat Glass-Kind HS, Kind FT Coated and Uncoated Glass.

B. American National Standards Institute (ANSI) Z97.1 - Safety Performance Specifications and Methods of Test for Safety Glazing Material Used in Buildings.

C. Consumer Product Safety Commission (CPSC) 16 CFR 1201 - Safety Standard for Architectural

Glazing Materials. D. British Standard 476: Part 22: 1987 E. Underwriters Laboratories (UL):

• 9, "Fire Tests of Window Assemblies” • 10B, "Fire Tests of Door Assemblies” • 10C, "Positive Pressure Fire Tests of Door Assemblies

1.3 SYSTEM DESCRIPTION

A. Switchable Privacy Glass Vision Panels: Patented clear to dark safety vision panels with blackout

bars for privacy and 92% visible area for observation control without disturbance.

1.4 SUBMITTALS

Limiting submittals to only those actually required helps to minimize liability arising from the review of submittals. Minimize submittals on smaller, less complex projects. Include the following for submission of shop drawings, product data, and samples for the Architect’s review.

A. Submittals for Review:

1. Shop Drawings: Include elevations and details showing joint locations, transitions, and

terminations, and anchoring details.

2. Product Data: Include preparation instructions and recommendations, Storage and handling

requirements, and installation methods.

3. Samples: [12 x 12] [______ x____ __] inch glass samples.

Include the following for submissions of quality control submittals. These submittals are intended for the Owner’s record purposes and are not intended to be reviewed by the Architect.

B. Quality Control Submittals:

1. Certificates of Compliance: Manufacturer’s certification that products furnished comply with

specified requirements.

Include the following for submission of sustainable design submittals for LEED Reginal Materials credit. Verify with VG SmartGlass, LLC that distance from manufacturing location to project site is within the required 500 mile radius.

C. Sustainable Design Submittals:

1. Regional Materials.

Include the following for submission of closeout submittals for the Owner’s record purposes.

D. Closeout Submittals:

1. Operation and Maintenance Data: Maintenance instructions including recommendations for

periodic checking and adjustment of cable tension and periodic cleaning and maintenance of components.

1.5 QUALITY ASSURANCE

The following paragraph specifies a minimum level of experience required of the parties performing the work of this section. Retain if required, and edit to suit project requirements .

A. Manufacturer Qualifications: Primary products furnished by single manufacturer with minimum ten years experience.

B. Installer Qualifications: Minimum [three] [__] years [documented] experience in work of this

Section.

C. Switchable Privacy Glass: Tested and labeled to CPSC 16 CFR 1201.

Include the following for full size mock-ups for review of construction, coordination of work of several sections, testing, or observation of operation.

D. Mockup:

1. Size: One typical switchable glass unit.

2. Show glass and glazing accessories.

3. Locate [where directed.] [_________.]

4. Approved mockup may [not] remain as part of the Work.

1.6 DELIVERY, STORAGE AND HANDLING

A. Delivery glass with temporary label on each light identifying manufacturer, glass type, quality, and

nominal thickness.

B. Store glass in areas least subject to traffic and falling objects. Keep storage area dry.

C. Stack individual panels on edge leaned slightly against upright supports with separators between panels.

1.7 PROJECT CONDITIONS

A. Maintain temperature, humidity, and ventilation within limits recommended by glass manufacturer.

B. Do not install products under environmental conditions outside manufacturer’s limits.

1.8 WARRANTIES

A. Furnish manufacturer’s lifetime warranty providing coverage against handle mechanism failure due to faulty workmanship.

PART 2 PRODUCTS 2.1 MANUFACTURERS

A. Contract Documents are based on products by VG SmartGlass LLC; 3440 S. Dearborn St., Chicago, IL 60616, phone 312-444-0596, email sales@VG SmartGlass.com, www.vgsmartglass.com . Edit the following to indicate whether or not substitutions will be permitted for the products in this section.

B. Substitutions: [Under provisions of Division 01.] [Not permitted.]

2.2 MATERIALS

Edit the following to indicate required panel type. If multiple types are required, show locations on Drawings or in Schedule at end of section.

A. Switchable Privacy Glass Vision Panels:

Include the following for VG SMARTGLASS InvisiBlind® Vision Panels with manually controlled polarized glass and with blackout bars for privacy and 92% visible area for observation control. Maximum size is 38 x 75 inches.

1. ADB H2 Door Panel System: VG SmartGlass full sized Vision Panel with polarized glass with 2

mm black privacy bars and operating mechanism at the midpoint of the glass on the side. System lifts glass vertically for view of 1 inch horizontal slats.

2. ADB H1 Window Panel System: VG SmartGlass half sized Vision Panel with polarized glass with

with ADB film type and 2 mm black privacy bars and operating mechanism at the bottom of the window. System lifts glass vertically for for view of 1 inch horizontal slats.

3. ADB V1 Window panel system: VG SmartGlass full sized window Panel with polarized glass and 2 mm black privacy bars and operating mechanism at the side of the window. System slides glass horizontally for view of 1 inch vertical slats.

4. AD V1 Window panel system: VG SmartGlass full sized window Panel with polarized glass

operating mechanism at the side of the window. System slides glass horizontally for view of 1/2 or 1 inch vertical slats.

Edit the following to indicate required glass size. If more than one size is required, show sizes on Drawings or in Schedule at end of section. Refer to VG SMARTGLASS technical literature for maximum glass sizes. Contact VG SMARTGLASS for custom sizes.

B. Panel Size: [_______ x _______] inches.

C. Panel Composition: Triple glazed panels, 1/8 inch (3 mm) thick, with 1/8 inch (3 mm) thick

tempered glass outer panes.

D. Panel Opacity and Pattern: Black colored stripes in closed position with 2mm black privacy bars. Opacity of panel is 99.97% blackout. color lines.] Typical glazing is heat treated float glass or safety glass depending on exposure. If more than one type is required, indicate types on Drawings or in Schedule at end of section.

D. Glass Types:

1. Heat-treated float glass: ASTM C1048; Type I (transparent flat glass).

2. Safety glass: [3/8 inch (10 mm) thick tempered glass.] [3/4 inch (19 mm) thick tempered glass.]

[1/4 inch (6 mm) thick tempered glass.] [1/2 inch (12 mm) thick tempered glass.]

3. Fire safety glass: [Firelite NT 3/16 inch (5 mm) thick fire resisting [20] [45] minute minimum.]

[Pyroguard C730 1/4 inch (6 mm) thick fire resisting 20 minute.]

7. Polycarbonate: [3/8] [1/2] inch thick scratch resistant polycarbonate.

Edit the following to indicate required options. Identify locations on Drawings or in Schedule at end of section.

E. Special Features:

1. Key locking knob. 2. Key locking knob and ligature free knob. 3. Lever handle. 4. Tab 5. Fire resistance; [20] [45] minute with hose stream, tested to UL 10B or 10C. 6. X-ray radiation protection. 7. Laser protection. 8. Embedded /logo. 9. High security. 10. [Single] [Double] side handle operation. 11. Framing for doors.

2.3 ACCESSORIES

A. Glazing Accessories: Specified in Section [08 8000.] [_______ _________.]

2.4 FABRICATION

A. Fabricate glazing units in required sizes with edge and face clearances, edge and surface conditions, and bite in accordance with manufacturer requirements and reference standards, to comply with system performance requirements.

PART 3 EXECUTION

3.1 EXAMINATION

A. Examine openings for proper size, plumb, square, and level.

B. Verify that openings conform to details; dimensions, and tolerances indicated on approved Shop

Drawings.

3.2 PREPARATION

A. Clean surfaces to receive glass units prior to installation.

B. Prepare surfaces using methods recommended by manufacturer.

3.3 INSTALLATION

A. Install in accordance with manufacturer’s instructions and approved Shop Drawings.

B. Set glazing without bending, twisting, or forcing of units.

C. Do not allow glass to rest on or contact framing members.

Include the following for patterned glass

D. Install patterned glass units with pattern in same direction in all openings.

Include the following for insulated glass.

D. Insulating Glass Units:

1. Use glazing gaskets of sufficient size and depth to completely cover glass seal or metal channel

frame.

2. Do not use putty or glazing compounds.

3. Do not grind, nip, cut, or alter edges or corners.

4. Install with tape or gunnable sealant in wood sash.

Include the following for fire-rated glass.

F. Fire Resistant Glass: Install in accordance with UL design requirements. Include the following for bullet resisting glass.

F. Bullet Resisting Material: Use glazing material which will permit expansion and contraction of

material in frame.

3.4 CLEANING

A. Clean glass surfaces; remove temporary labels and foreign matter.

3.5 ADJUSTING

A. Replace cracked, broken, and imperfect glass, and glass that has been improperly installed.

3.6 PROTECTION

A. Protect installed products until completion of project.

3.7 SCHEDULE

Include the following for a schedule listing the products in this section. Coordinate with Part 2 - Products.

The following may assist in developing a schedule.

SAMPLE SPECIALTY SCHEDULE

Section 088836 - Switchable Glass Code: SP1

Max. Sizes: 38” x 75” Actuation: Single or dual sided sliding mechanism Knob or lever Glass: 1/8” Thickness 3 panel assembled kit Film Types: ADB 1” pitch 4 mm blackout bar Frame Type: Rigid PVC

APPENDIX- TECHNOLOGY AND COMMERCIALIZATION

TIMELINE

2007 – CONCEPT DEVELOPMENT

• Founding Team (Mike Stacey, Ryan Tatzel, Will McLeod meet) • Developed initial prototypes • Won Notre Dame business plan competition • Formed Lono, LLC • Awarded grants- total funding ~$50K (non-dilutive)

2008 – PARTNER ENGAGEMENT/ TECHNICAL RESEARCH

• Engaged with RV industry to build prototypes: Challenge: film manufacturability/ cost • Filed for full patent – August 2008 • Engaged with Optics PHDs and consultants evaluate materials and patterning methods

2009 – PARTNER ENGAGEMENT/ MANUFACTURING RESEARCH

• Built initial full size mockups. Challenge: film manufacturability • Secured manufacturing research team • Secured initial revenue from potential customers (consulting)

2010- RESEARCH AND FILM DILIGENCE

• Evaluated 30+ film manufacturing methods • Chose top 3 manufacturing methods • Engaged with first film supply partner in development relationship

2011- TRANSITION TO COMMERCIALIZATION

• Awarded NSF Phase I SBIR Grant and matches (total $255K) • Won Kleiner Perkins Clean Tech Prize ($100K) • Secured $75K from two accelerators: MassChallenge (Boston) and Greenstart (San

Francisco) • Introductions to R&D and supply partners in Asia • Filed second utility patent with PCT application

2012- FOUNDING OF SMARTERSHADE/ FORMALIZATION OF KEY SUPPLY

PARTNERSHIPS

• Dissolved Lono LLC, Created C Corp, changed name to “SmarterShade, Inc.” • Formalized board of directors and advisors • Awarded NSF Phase II SBIR Grant ($500K + $500K match potential) • Awarded NSF TECP Grant ($100K) • Filed 3 provisional patents • Engaged with window industry experts on product development • Initiated customer discovery • Secured $200K in convertible note funding from angels • Produced small samples - $10K in additional payments • Built relationship with 4 new suppliers (major display industry film coaters) with help of

Merck (liquid crystal maker) • Conducted user focus groups to validate market demand • Conducted significant (100+) customer discovery interviews to confirm product market fit • 1st patent issued • Awarded 3rd place in St. Gobain Global Innovation competition • Designed window system for 1st product

2013- DEVELOPMENT AND COMMERCIALIZATION

• Secured interior partition fabrication partner with existing mechanical system • Initiated development work to optimize film for interior partitions • Established Chicago as main office:

• http://www.universitytechnologypark.com/about/tenants.php • Set up rapid prototype fabrication lab in Chicago:

• Hired IIT interns to do sample fabrication and prototyping: • http://www.universitytechnologypark.com/resources/idea-shop.php

• Secured $50K in Clean Energy Challenge: • http://chicagolakesidedevelopment.com/smartershade-wins-lakeside-award-

clean-technology-innovation-1 • Secured $70K from Merck as marketing partner • Built out 2 initial product platforms (external and internal IG) with operable mechanisms • Build large scale prototypes for doors and windows • Expanded film technology to include other patterns (decorative, images, logos) • Completed UV testing on initial films • Conducted initial offgassing tests • Completed accelerated weathering on films • Filed provisional patent on new film types • Established internal lamination operation in New York to serve customer in Europe

2014- DEVELOPMENT AND COMMERCIALIZATION

• Hired dedicated product engineering team • Developed specialized lamination procedures for certain film types • Developed aftermarket door design platform • Developed automated control and communication platform • Build smartphone app control for window system • Developed touch sensor control for window system • Filed additional IP for “patterned image” products • Established relationship with design firm to pursue appliance industry • Finalized product for first market (interior door partitions) • Secured PO for first 100 units in preparation for interior partition launch (Oct 2014). • Formed informal partnership with glazing division of $1B construction firm • Partner developed initial draft of operable system for 5’ X 9’ window • Narrowed partner selection down in commercial and residential industry to key go to

market partners with dedicated development resources and intent to launch and scale technology

• Won Chicago Challenge Cup in the Energy Category: • http://1776dc.com/news/2014/11/05/winner-spotlight-smartershades-mike-tracy-

introduces-a-magic-switch-for-smart-windows/

2015- COMMERCIALIZATION AND STRATEGIC PARTNERING

• Attracted interest from wide variety of industries at 2015 CES: http://us.aving.net/news/view.php?articleId=1243751

• Awarded up to $250K from Wells Fargo Innovation Incubator: • https://www.wellsfargo.com/about/press/2015/innovation_incubator_0409.content

• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wLVcwGnqcB0&sns=em • Developed capability to build European design for samples in Chicago • Developed capability to do custom logos in house:

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bpXVoPlRQRU

• Developed color capability : https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EiQDIfo2H28, • Added voice activation: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XoAKX5Tujm4 • Secured commitments from 3 out of top 5 residential companies to build prototypes • Commitments from 2 out of top 5 commercial companies to build prototypes • Received Letter of Intent from Strategic Partner to purchase SmarterShade patents for

cash and stock of new company (April 2015). • Received royalty proposal from $15B Film maker in Asia (April 2015) • Mike Stacey presents the SmarterShade technology at the White House (June 2015)

• Built Commercial Window prototype (5’x9’) in window factory (July 2015)

• SmarterShade Inc. is Acquired by VG SmartGlass (July 2015)

• Launch of iVision in Europe (August 2015):

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vCvSVba44XA

• VG SmartGlass selected as a finalist in the Chicago Innovation Awards (Sept 2015)

• VG SmartGlass receives the AURP Innovation Award (Oct 2015):

http://tinyurl.com/nf5q7p4

• VG unveils their healthcare offerings in U.S. (Oct 2015):

http://www.hcarefacilities.com/exhibitors_detail.asp?reqEvent=88&ID=16939

• Automotive application demo at the SEMA Auto Show (Nov 2015:

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_mvfLy4gk20

• VG SmartGlass presents at the NREL Industry Growth Forum Nov 2015):

http://www.industrygrowthforum.org/pdfs/2015-igf-vg-smartglass.pdf

• VG SmartGlass finalizes licensing agreement with $15B manufacturer in Asia (Jan 2016)

2016- COMMERCIALIZATION

• Launch of interior privacy products for hospitals, schools, and office partitions in Japan

(Jan 2016)

• VG SmartGlass secures contract fabrication partner in Chicago (Jan 2016)

• VG SmartGlass specified on U.S. Healthcare projects (Jan 2016)

For more information contact: Mike Stacey

mike@vgsmartglass.com 312-375-2867

www.vgsmartglass.com