Vermont ems Ebola Virus Disease Education
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Transcript of Vermont ems Ebola Virus Disease Education
VERMONT EMS EBOLA VIRUS DISEASE EDUCATION
Patsy Kelso PhD, Vermont Department of Health State Epidemiologist
and Vermont EMS
2014 Ebola Outbreak
Vermont Department of Health - EMS
The Outbreak
Reports as of October 24: 10,141 cases 4,922 deaths
This is the largest Ebola epidemic in history CDC’s response is the largest international
outbreak response in CDC’s history On August 8, the World Health Organization
(WHO) declared the current Ebola outbreak a Public Health Emergency of International Concern (PHEIC) The PHEIC declaration underscored the need
for a coordinated international response to contain the spread of Ebola
Vermont Department of Health - EMS
Future Estimates of Ebola Cases in Liberia and Sierra Leone
In September 23 edition of MMWR,* CDC estimated the future number of Ebola cases if current trends continue in Liberia and Sierra Leone: Without additional interventions or changes in
community behavior, CDC indicated by January 20, 2015 there will be approximately 555,000 Ebola cases in Liberia and Sierra Leone, or 1.4 million if correction for underreporting are made.
Cases in Liberia are currently doubling every 15-20 days, and those in Sierra Leone and Guinea are doubling every 30-40 days.
* The MMWR article: Estimating the Future Number of Cases in the Ebola Epidemic – Liberia and Sierra Leone, 2014-2015It is available at
http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/su63e0923a1.htm, and a Q&A on the report is available at http://www.cdc.gov/vhf/ebola/outbreaks/2014-west-africa/qa-mmwr-estimating-future-
cases.html
Vermont Department of Health - EMS
Outbreak Challenges in West Africa
Overburdened public health and healthcare systems Unpaid
healthcare workers
Insufficient treatment centers, beds, medical supplies, and personal protective equipment (PPE)
Vermont Department of Health - EMS
Background on Ebola
Vermont Department of Health - EMS
Ebola is a rare and deadly disease
First discovered in 1976 near the Ebola River in the Democratic Republic of the Congo
Outbreaks occur sporadically in Africa
Family of zoonotic RNA viruses
Historically, death rates from Ebola range from 50%-90%
Vermont Department of Health - EMS
Transmission
Ebola virus is spread through direct contact (through broken skin or mucous membranes) with: A sick person’s blood or body fluids, including
urine, saliva, sweat, feces, vomit, and semen Contaminated objects (like needles and syringes) Infected animals (by contact with their blood,
fluids, or infected meat) Ebola virus has been detected in breast milk,
but is not know if the virus can be transmitted through breastfeeding
Not transmitted by mosquitos or other insects
Vermont Department of Health - EMS
Symptoms
Signs of Ebola include fever (greater than 38.0oC or 100.40F) (87%) and symptoms such as: Fatigue (76%) Vomiting (68%) Diarrhea (66%) Loss of appetite (65%) Severe headache Muscle pain Abdominal pain Unexplained hemmorrhage
The incubation period is 2 to 21 days (average 8-10 days) A person with Ebola is not contagious
until symptomatic
Vermont Department of Health - EMS
Testing & Treatment
Virus is generally detectable in blood by real-time RT-PCR between 3-10 days post-onset of symptoms, but has been detected for several months in certain secretions (e.g., semen)
No FDA-approved vaccine or antiviral drug is available
Symptoms are treated as they appear. Basic interventions, when used early, can significantly improve the chances of survival. Providing IV fluids and balancing electrolytes Maintaining oxygen status and blood pressure Treating other infections if they occur
Vermont Department of Health - EMS
Patient Recovery
Recovery from Ebola depends on good supportive care and the patient’s immune response
People who recover from Ebola infection develop antibodies that last for at least 10 years, and possibly longer
It isn’t know if people who recover are immune for life or if they can become infected with a different species of Ebola
Some people who have recovered from Ebola have developed long-term complications (joint and muscle pain, and vision problems)
Vermont Department of Health - EMS
CDC & EMS
http://www.cdc.gov/vhf/ebola/hcp/interim-guidance-emergency-medical-services-systems-911-public-safety-answering-points-management-patients-known-suspected-united-states.html
Vermont Department of Health - EMS
Vermont EMS is
following the CDC’s guidance –
please read!
Vermont EMS Ebola Virus Disease Protocol
Vermont EMS Ebola Virus Disease Protocol
CDC & EMS PPE
http://www.cdc.gov/vhf/ebola/hcp/procedures-for-ppe.html
Vermont Department of Health - EMS
Vermont EMS has
developed a check-list following
this guidance!
Vermont EMS PPE Donning & Doffing Checklist
Printable version is attached to this presentation as a document and is also viewable.
Please print as many color copies as necessary.
Vermont Department of Health - EMS
Alternative Vermont EMS PPE Donning & Doffing Checklist
Due to limitation in available PPE, the following checklist still adheres to available guidance
Printable version is attached to this presentation as a document and is also viewable.
Please print as many color copies as necessary.
Vermont Department of Health - EMS
Next Steps
Watch the following video (approximately 21 minutes) on donning and doffing of PPE NOTE: Please be cognizant of the poor foot
hygiene at the end of the video (stepping in clean shoes in areas where booties were worn)
Review the Vermont EMS Ebola Virus Disease Protocol
Review the Vermont EMS PPE Donning & Doffing Checklist
Train with your service! (Train the trainer for Donning & Doffing coming soon)
Vermont Department of Health - EMS
Next Steps
Any questions should be addressed to: [email protected]
FAQs are being developed
This training will be updated as needed
Vermont Department of Health - EMS