Verbs

THE PRESENT TENSE

28 Present Simple

FORM

Positive Question Negative

IYouWeThey

HeSheIt

work.

works.

Do

Does

Iyouwethey

hesheit

work?

work?

IYOU

WeThey

HeSheit

do not(don't)

does not(doesn't)

work.

work.

• There is only one form of you in English, which is the same in singularand plural.

• Note the endings with he, she, and it. If the verb ends in ss, sh, ch, or x,add es:He finishes {finish ends in sh)She watches (watch ends in ch)

USE• For something which is permanently true:

I come from France.He doesn't speak Spanish.We live in London.

• For repeated actions or habits:1 get up at six o'clock every day.What time do you leave work?I don't see them very often.

Practice

Rewrite each sentence as a positive or negative sentence, or a question,according to the instructions.

1 I visit my parents very often, (negative)

/ don't visit my parents very often.

2 Does he go to school every day? (positive)

He goes to school every day.

3 She comes from Germany, (question)

Does she come from Germany?

30

Verbs

4 She goes to work by car. (question)

5 We watch television every night, (negative)

6 He doesn't walk to work every day. (positive)

7 She plays football every Saturday, (question)

8 He washes his car every week, (question)

9 They live in Australia, (question)

10 They go to school by bus. (question)

11 Does she finish work at five o'clock? (positive)

12 He goes to the cinema on Fridays, (question)

13 I come from Africa, (negative)

14 Does he live in this street? (positive)

15 He works in a restaurant, (question)

16 She gets up at five o'clock, (question)

17 They eat a lot. (negative)

18 Does he work here? (positive)

31

Verbs

29 Present ContinuousFORM

Positive Question

I am -

HeShe is -It

WeYou are —They

I'm

He'sShe'sIt's

We'reYou'reThey're

working.

Am

Is

Are

I

hesheit

weyouthey

working?

I am —

HeShe is -It

WeYou are -They

I'm

He'sShe'sIt's

We'reYou'reThey're

not working.

—

HeSheIt

WeYouThey

isn't

aren't

working.

Negative with not Negative with n't

USE• For an action in progress now:

I'm reading a grammar book now.What are you looking at?She isn't eating at the moment.

Practice

Rewrite each sentence as a positive or negative sentence, or a question,according to the instructions.

1 She's watching television now. (question)

Is she watching television now?

2 He isn't staying at this hotel, (positive)

He's staying at thle hotel.

3 She's reading, (negative)

She isn't reading.

4 They're working, (question)

32

Verbs

5 He's writing a letter, [question)

6 He's eating, (negative)

7 I'm not working, (positive)

8 She's studying at the moment, (question)

9 I'm sleeping, (negative)

10 You're reading my newspaper, (question)

11 She's writing a letter, (question)

12 He's talking to Mary, (question)

13 They're not playing football, (positive)

14 He's listening to the radio, (question)

15 You're playing with my football, (question)

30 Present Simple/Present Continuous

Practice -

In your notebook, write these sentences putting the verbs into the correct tense.

1 She (read) at the moment.

She's reading at the moment.

2 (You go) to work by car?

Do you qo to work by car?

3 I (not watch} television every night.

/ don't watch television every night.

4 I (not watch) television at the moment.

I'm not watching television at the moment.

33

Verbs

5 We {see] our parents every week.

6 (You listen) to the radio now?

7 I (not get up) at seven o'clock every morning.

8 Peter (talk) to Susan now.

9 (They work) in the restaurant at the weekends?

10 She (listen) to the radio in her bedroom at the moment.

11 They (not come) to school every day.

12 (You work) now?

13 The children (go) to bed at eight o'clock.

14 1 (leave) the office every day at five.

15 I'm sorry i can't talk to you now. I (go) out.

16 (Peter and Jane work) in London at the moment?

17 (Mary and Susan drive) to the office every day?

18 We (go) to the beach now.

19 (John listen) to the radio at the moment?

20 (Your parents sit) in the garden now?

21 The film (start) every night at eight o'clock

22 They (not go) to the cinema very often.

23 (You go) into the office every month?

24 I (not study) at the moment.

31 Present Continuous: short answers

34

FORMPositive Negative

Verbs

Notes

• Nouns —• pronouns.'Are your parents sleeping?''Yes, they are.'

• Positive short answers do not use contractions:Yes, 1 am. (NOT Yes, I'm)Yes, they are. (NOT Yes, they're)

• Contractions are used in negative short answers.7s she working?''No, she isn't'

Practice

Someone is asking you questions. Write the short answers.

1 'Are you working at the moment?' 'No, '

2 'Are your sislers working now?' 'No, '

3 'Are your parents coming?' 'Yes '

4 'Is John working at the moment?' 'Yes, '

5 'Are they playing tennis?' 'No, '

6 'Are you reading this book?' 'Yes, '

7 'Is Mary going to school today?' 'No, '

8 'Is Peter listening to the radio?' 'Yes, '

9 'Are they doing their homework now?' 'No, '

10 'Is the dog sleeping?' 'Yes, '

Yes,

I am.

heshe is.it

weyou are.they

No,

I'm not.

heshe 's not.it

weyou 're not.they

or

heshe isn't.it

weyou aren't,they

Verbs

32 Present Simple: short answers

FORMPositive Negative

Notes

• Nouns * pronouns'Do the men want some tea?'Yes, they do.'

• Negative short answers can use theunconnected form:No, they do Jiot. (this is more emphatic)

Practice

Write the short answers.

1 'Do you live here?1 'Yes, '

2 'Does Mary work in this office?' 'No, '

3 'Does Stephen speak French?' 'No, '

4 'Do the teachers like your work?' 'Yes, '

5 'Do you understand the lessons?' 'No, '

6 'Do they visit you often?' 'No '

7 'Do you like France?1 'Yes, '

8 'Do your parents live in London?' 'Yes, .'

9 'Does your father like modern music?' 'No, '

10 'Does Judy drive to work?1 'Yes, .'

11 'Do your grandparents still enjoy gardening?' 'Yes, '

12 'Does Simon's sister work with you?' 'No, .'

13 'Do John and Alison eat meat?' 'No, '

14 'Docs Tony like adventure films?' 'Yes, '

15 'Do you watch TV at the weekend?' 'No, '

16 'Does your uncle play tennis?' 'Yes .'

36

Yes,

Iweyou do.they

heshe does,it

No,

weyou don't,they

heshe doesn't,it

Verbs

33 Present Simple and Continuous: short forms

Check

Someone is asking you questions. Write the short answers.

1 'Are your brothers working today?' 'Yes,

2 'Do you speak Italian?' 'No,

3 'Do you like this school?' 'Yes, '

4 'Do you go to school in London?' 'Yes, '

5 'Is your mother watching television?1 'Yes, '

6 'Do you go to school on Sundays?' 'No, '

7 'Are your parents staying here?' 'No, '

8 'Does the dog sleep in your bedroom?' 'No, '

9 'Do you get up at eight o'clock?' 'Yes, '

10 'Is Mary listening to the stereo?' 'Yes '

11 'Does the film start at six o'clock?' 'No, '

12 'Are the children playing football?' 'Yes, '

13 'Does Susan drive to work?' 'Yes '

14 Are you reading?' 'No, '

15 'Am I reading your paper?' 'Yes, '

16 'Are they doing the washing up?' 'Yes, '

17 'Do you come to work by bike?' 'No, '

18 'Is John watching television?' 'No, '

19 'Does Paul swim for the school team?' 'Yes, '

20 'Am I sitting in the right place?' 'Yes, '

21 'Do you like reading poetry?' 'No, '

22 'Do we need our coats?' 'No, '

23 'Are Anne and Maria waiting for the bus?1 'Yes, '

24 'Are you enjoying yourself?' 'Yes, '

25 'Is she coming now?' 'No, '

26 'Does he know London well?' 'No, '

27 'Do they like chicken?' 'Yes, '

i

2 of 42

LECTIA I

TIMPURILE MODULUI INDICATIV

Exista doua aspecte in limba engleza: simplu si continuu. In general, timpurile simple se folosesc atunci când accentul se pune pe actiunea propriu-zisa, iar timpurile continue se folosesc atunci când accentul se pune pe durata actiunii, pe perioada de timp in care aceasta are loc. In explicarea intrebuintarii timpurilor continue se va intâlni formularea „actiune in plina desfasurare". Aceasta inseamna ca actiunea a inceput inainte de momentul la care se face referire si va continua dupa acel moment. Exista un numar de verbe in limba engleza care nu se folosesc la forma continua, deoarece ideea de durata e inclusa in continutul lor semantic. Ex. to want, to like, to dislike, to understand, to owe, to matter, to love, to hate, to belong, to believe, to remember, to know.

A. Present Tense Simple Afirmativ Negativ

I work I do not (don’t) work You work You do not (don’t) work

He/she/it works He/she/it does not (doesn’t) work We work We do not (don’t) work

You work You do not (don’t) work They work They do not (don’t) work

Interogativ

Do I work? Do we work? Do you work? Do you work?

Does he/she/it work? Do they work?

Present Tense Simple se foloseste pentru a arata o actiune regulata, obisnuita, in perioada prezenta. Ex. What do you do? (Cu ce te ocupi?) I am a student. What time do you usually have breakfast?

Present Tense Continuous

Se conjuga verbul „to be" la timpul prezent si se adauga forma -ing a verbului de conjugat.

Afirmativ

I am working We are working. You are working You are working

He/she/it is working They are working

Capitolul precedent Cuprins Capitolul urmator Index Cursuri

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Negativ

I am not working. You are not (aren’t) working.

He/she/it is not (isn’t) working. We are not (aren’t) working. You are not (aren’t) working. They are not (aren’t) working.

Interogativ

Am I working? Are we working? Are you working? Are you working?

Is he/she/it working? Are they working?

Present Tense Simple se foloseste pentru a arata o actiune in plina desfasurare in momentul prezent. Ex. Where are you going? I am going to school. De asemenea poate arata o actiune care se desfasoara pe timp limitat in perioada prezenta. Ex.: I go to school by bus this week. My father is taking me in his car. Uneori se poate folosi timpul Present Tense Continuous cu adverbul always, pentru a arata o actiune repetata. In acest caz, exista o conotatie afectiva (nemultumire) sau actiunea respectiva este caracteristica pentru acea persoana. Ex. You are always losing your things. You are always grumbling when I ask you to help me in the kitchen.

Exercitii cu Present Simple si Present Continuous

1. Puneti verbele din urmatoarele propozitii (Present Simple) la interogativ si negativ:

Nota: Verbul „to have", atunci când nu inseamna „a avea, a poseda", ci este parte dintr-o expresie (to have breakfast, to have a shower, to have a party), formeaza negativul si interogativul cu ajutorul auxiliarului „to do".

1. I love my brother. 2. She talks too much. 3. I understand you. 4. You play the piano very well. 5. I always believe you. 6. He remembers my phone number. 7. They live in Bucharest. 8. He has a hot bath every day. 9. I trust my friend.

10. I have lunch at one o’clock.

2. Puneti verbele din urmatoarele propozitii (Present Continuous) la negativ si interogativ:

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1. It is raining. 2. I am having a walk. 3. He is telling the truth. 4. You are typing a letter. 5. They are swimming in the river. 6. My friend is wearing a new dress. 7. My mother is resting. 8. We are studying English. 9. Ann is knitting.

10. The child is learning to play the piano.

3. Puneti verbele din paranteze la Present Simple sau la Present Continuous:

1. I (not go) shopping because it (rain). 2. What you (do) on Sundays? 3. He usually (drink) coffee but now he (drink) tea. 4. In England it often (rain). 5. I (not like) that boy. 6. He usually (speak) so quickly that I (not understand) him. 7. You (like) this book? 8. You (dream) at night?

Yes, I (dream) every night.

1. I can’t answer the phone now because I (cook). 2. How you usually (get) to work?

I usually (go) by bus, but now I (take) a taxi because I am late.

1. The manager can’t receive you now as he (have) an interview. 2. You (write) to John now?

Yes, I (be). I always (write) to him on his birthday.

1. Where you (hurry)? To the theatre, as I (not want) to miss the first act.

1. She always (borrow) books from me and never (remember) to give them back.

2. You (go) to work every day?

Yes, of course, except Saturdays and Sundays.

3. Why you (smoke) so much? 4. Who you (wait) for?

I (wait) for John, but he is late, as usual.

5. I always (have) a rest after lunch. 6. What you (think) of?

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I (think) of my mother just now.

7. You (know) what time is it?

4. Traduceti in limba engleza:

1. Iarna ninge. 2. Duminica el nu se scoala devreme. 3. Eu nu studiez seara. 4. Ce faci? Citesti sau privesti la televizor? 5. Secretara tocmai bate la masina un referat. 6. Ea merge la cumparaturi sâmbata. 7. Acum imi fac temele la engleza. 8. Nu-mi place cafeaua. 9. Ce carte citesti?

10. La ce ora se scoala John dimineata? 11. Ce faci tu in zilele libere? 12. Cui ii telefonezi? 13. El nu merge la scoala cu metroul, merge pe jos. 14. De ce deschizi fereastra? 15. Adesea citesc carti englezesti. 16. Ea isi face bagajul. 17. Cât de des le scrii parintilor tai? 18. Când merg la mare imi place sa inot mult. 19. Clientul tocmai isi alege o pereche de pantofi.

B. Past Tense Simple

Past Tense Simple se formeaza prin adaugarea terminatiei – ed in cazul verbelor regulate. Ex. to work – worked Daca verbul este neregulat, Past Tense trebuie invatat din tabelul de verbe neregulate care indica cele trei forme de baza ale verbului: forma I – infinitiv, forma II- Paste Tense, forma III – participiul trecut. Ex. to speak – spoke – spoken

Afirmativ

worked I/you/he/she/it/we/they spoke

Negativ

work I/you/he/she/it/we/they did not

speak

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