Verb Tensesacademic.uprm.edu/ggriggs/SixTenses/Handout-SixTenses.pdfa text message to his friend...
Transcript of Verb Tensesacademic.uprm.edu/ggriggs/SixTenses/Handout-SixTenses.pdfa text message to his friend...
7/1/2011
Griggs & Morales 2011 1
Verb Tenses
Tenses represent the time of the
PRESENTThe baby cries.
PRESENT PERFECTThe baby has cried.
the time of the action, which is indicated by a
verb.
PASTThe baby cried.
PAST PERFECTThe baby had cried
earlier.
FUTUREThe baby will
cry later.
FUTURE PERFECTThe baby will have
cried before sleeping.
Present Tense: present action or action that occurs always, repeatedly, or habitually
The children The children areare ready to leave for school.ready to leave for school.
David and Samuel David and Samuel taketake a bus every day.a bus every day.y yy y
Roxana Roxana eatseats cereal for breakfast.cereal for breakfast.
Manuel Manuel ridesrides his bike to school.his bike to school.
Jaime Jaime fishesfisheswith his grandfather on Saturdays.with his grandfather on Saturdays.
The girls The girls swimswim and and divedive at the community pool.at the community pool.
Present Tense Tip!
Third Person Singular Third Person Plural(with –s) (without –s)
Edgardo runs They run
María swims They swim
The article explains The books explain
My teacher wants The supervisorswant
The magazine describes The authors describe
He He has written has written a text message to his friend. (CM)a text message to his friend. (CM)
I I have lived have lived in in YaucoYauco for 10 years. (CNG)for 10 years. (CNG)
Present Perfect Tense: Action completed (CM) at the present time or continuing (CNG) into the present
Have or has + past participle (verb + -ed, -d, -t, -en, or -n
They They have been have been friends for five years. (____friends for five years. (____) )
Felix Felix has broken has broken the 10 K world’s record. (____)the 10 K world’s record. (____)
Brenda Brenda has brought has brought a cake to the party. (____)a cake to the party. (____)
We We have felt have felt sick for two days. (____)sick for two days. (____)
CNG
CM
CM
CNG
ExercisesPresent (Pr) & Present Perfect (PrP)
1.1. Juan __________ a hamburger.Juan __________ a hamburger.
2.2. Juan __________ a hamburgerJuan __________ a hamburger..
3.3. YomiYomi _________ the ball._________ the ball.
Eat (Eat (PrPr))
Eat (Eat (PrPPrP))
Catch (Catch (PrPr))
eats
has eaten
catches33
4.4. YomiYomi _________ the ball_________ the ball..
5.5. Susan _________ over the fence.Susan _________ over the fence.
6.6. Susan _________ over the fenceSusan _________ over the fence..
7.7. I ___________ every day.I ___________ every day.
8.8. I ___________ every day.I ___________ every day.
(( ))
Catch (Catch (PrPPrP))
Jump (Jump (PrPr))
Jump (Jump (PrPPrP))
Write (Write (PrPr))
Write (Write (PrPPrP))
has caught
jumps
has jumped
have written
write
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Griggs & Morales 2011 2
Past Tense: A definite completed action in the past
The children The children leftleft for school.for school.
David and Samuel David and Samuel tooktook a bus every day.a bus every day.y yy y
Roxana Roxana ateate cereal for breakfast.cereal for breakfast.
Manuel Manuel roderode his bike to school.his bike to school.
Jaime Jaime fishedfishedwith his grandfather on Saturdays.with his grandfather on Saturdays.
The girls The girls swamswam and and dovedove at the community pool.at the community pool.
Past Tense Tip!
Singular Plural
I ran; Edgardo ran We ran; They ran
I swam, María swam We swam; They swam
The article explained The books explained
My teacher wanted The supervisorswanted
The magazine described The authors described
He He had written had written a text message to his friend yesterday. a text message to his friend yesterday.
I I had lived had lived in in YaucoYauco for 10 years before I moved to for 10 years before I moved to LajasLajas. .
Past Perfect Tense: Action completed
before a stated or known time in the pastHad + Past Participle (verb + -ed, -d, -t, -en, or -n
They They had been had been friends for five years when I met them.friends for five years when I met them.
Felix Felix had broken had broken the world’s record before Pedro.the world’s record before Pedro.
Brenda Brenda had brought had brought a cake to the party that day.a cake to the party that day.
We We had felt had felt sick for two days during our vacation.sick for two days during our vacation.
ExercisesPast (Pa) & Past Perfect (PaP)
1.1. Juan __________ a hamburger.Juan __________ a hamburger.
2.2. Juan __________ a hamburgerJuan __________ a hamburger..
3.3. YomiYomi _________ the ball._________ the ball.
Eat (Pa)Eat (Pa)
Eat (Eat (PaPPaP))
Catch (Pa)Catch (Pa)
ate
had eaten
caught33
4.4. YomiYomi _________ the ball_________ the ball..
5.5. Susan _________ over the fence.Susan _________ over the fence.
6.6. Susan _________ over the fenceSusan _________ over the fence..
7.7. I ___________ every day.I ___________ every day.
8.8. I ___________ every day.I ___________ every day.
( )( )
Catch (Catch (PaPPaP))
Jump (Pa)Jump (Pa)
Jump (Jump (PaPPaP))
Write (Pa)Write (Pa)
Write (Write (PaPPaP))
had caught
jumped
had jumped
had written
wrote
g
Future Tense: Action that has not yet occurred but will take place in the future (uses “Will” or “going to”)
The children The children are going to leave are going to leave for school.for school.
David and Samuel David and Samuel will take will take a bus every day.a bus every day.y yy y
Roxana Roxana is going to eat is going to eat cereal for breakfast.cereal for breakfast.
Manuel Manuel will ride will ride his bike to school.his bike to school.
Jaime Jaime will fish will fish with his grandfather on Saturdays.with his grandfather on Saturdays.
The girls The girls will swim will swim and and divedive at the community pool.at the community pool.
FutureTense Tip!
I am going to run; Edgardo will run
We are going to run; They will run
I will swim, María is going to We will swim; They areswim going to swim
The article will explain / is going to explain
The articleswill explain /are going to explain
My teacher will want / isgoing to want
The supervisorswill want /are going to want
The magazine will describe/ is going to describe
The authorswill describe / are going to describe
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Griggs & Morales 2011 3
He He will have written will have written a text message to his friend by noon. a text message to his friend by noon.
I I will have lived will have lived in in YaucoYauco for 10 years this September.for 10 years this September.
Future Perfect Tense: Action that will be complete before a known time in the future
Will have + Past Participle (verb + -ed, -d, -t, -en, or -n
They They will have been will have been married for married for five years next week.five years next week.
Felix Felix will have broken will have broken the world’s record for 2 years.the world’s record for 2 years.
Brenda Brenda will have brought will have brought a cake to the party tomorrow.a cake to the party tomorrow.
We We will have felt will have felt sick for two days tomorrow.sick for two days tomorrow.
ExercisesFuture (F) & Future Perfect (FP)
1.1. Juan __________ a hamburger.Juan __________ a hamburger.
2.2. Juan Juan __________ a hamburger.__________ a hamburger.
3.3. YomiYomi _________ the ball._________ the ball.
Eat (F)Eat (F)
Eat (FP)Eat (FP)
Catch (F)Catch (F)
will eat
will have eaten
is going to catch33
4.4. YomiYomi _________ _________ the the ballball..
5.5. Susan _________ over the fence.Susan _________ over the fence.
6.6. Susan _________ Susan _________ over over the fencethe fence..
7.7. I ___________ every day.I ___________ every day.
8.8. I ___________ I ___________ every every day.day.
( )( )
Catch Catch (FP)(FP)
Jump (F)Jump (F)
Jump (FP)Jump (FP)
Write (F)Write (F)
Write (FP)Write (FP)
will have caught
will jump
will have jumped
will have written
will write
g g
Summary
1.1. The present tense is used for actions in the present or The present tense is used for actions in the present or actions that occurs repeatedlyactions that occurs repeatedly
2.2. Third person singular takes a singular verb (Third person singular takes a singular verb (withwith ––s)s)
3.3. Third person plural takes a plural verb (Third person plural takes a plural verb (withoutwithout ––s)s)
4.4. The present perfect tense indicates an action completed The present perfect tense indicates an action completed in the present or continuing into the presentin the present or continuing into the present
5.5. The present perfect The present perfect tense uses tense uses ““havehave” or “” or “hashas” with the ” with the past participle of the verb past participle of the verb (regular verb ending in (regular verb ending in ‐‐eded, , ‐‐dd, , ‐‐tt, , ‐‐enen, or , or ––nn))
Summary
6.6. The past tense indicates that an action was completed The past tense indicates that an action was completed in the pastin the past
7.7. AAdd dd ––dd or or ––eded to regular verbs in the past tense.to regular verbs in the past tense.
8.8. Irregular verb tenses Irregular verb tenses are tricky and must are tricky and must be learned.be learned.
9.9. The past perfect tense indicates that an action was The past perfect tense indicates that an action was completed before a stated or known time in the pastcompleted before a stated or known time in the past
10.10. The past perfect tense uses “The past perfect tense uses “hadhad” + the past participle of ” + the past participle of the verb the verb (regular verb (regular verb + + ‐‐eded, , ‐‐dd, , ‐‐tt, , ‐‐enen, or , or ––nn))
Summary
11.11. The future tense indicates an action that has not yet The future tense indicates an action that has not yet occurred but will take place in the futureoccurred but will take place in the future
12.12. The future tense uses “The future tense uses “willwill” or the proper present tense ” or the proper present tense of “of “bebe” with “” with “going togoing to” and the verb” and the verbof of bebe with with going togoing to and the verb. and the verb.
13.13. The future perfect tense indicates an action that will be The future perfect tense indicates an action that will be complete before a known time in the future.complete before a known time in the future.
14.14. The future perfect tense uses “The future perfect tense uses “will havewill have” + the past ” + the past participle of the verb participle of the verb (regular verb (regular verb + + ‐‐eded, , ‐‐dd, , ‐‐tt, , ‐‐enen, , ‐‐nn).).
15.15. For irregular verbs, see the irregular verbs handFor irregular verbs, see the irregular verbs handout.out.