Vehicle Systems

Slide 1

Vehicle SystemsUnit2 Chassis System 1Unit2 Chassis System 1(2.1a)

Identify Body Type And Their Functional Requirement2Unit2 Chassis System 1

3Unit2 Chassis System 12.1a) Identify Body Type And Their Functional RequirementBody Types:

Construction

Light Vehicle

Commercial Vehicle

Public Passenger vehicle

Special Purpose Vehicle4Unit2 Chassis System 12.1a) Identify Body Type And Their Functional RequirementBody Types:

Construction:Monocoque/UnitarySeparate/Composite

5Unit2 Chassis System 12.1a) Identify Body Type And Their Functional RequirementBody Types:Construction:Monocoque/Unitary

Monocoqueis a construction technique that supports structural load by using an object's exterior, as opposed to using an internalframeortrussthat is then covered with a non-load-bearingskinorcoachwork.

The wordmonocoquecomes from theGreekfor single (mono) andFrenchfor shell (coque).

The technique may also be calledstructural skin, stressed skin,unit body,unibody,unitary construction, orBody Frame Integral(BFI).

6Unit2 Chassis System 12.1a) Identify Body Type And Their Functional RequirementBody Types:Construction:Monocoque/Unitary

7Unit2 Chassis System 12.1a) Identify Body Type And Their Functional RequirementBody Types:Construction:Separate/Composite(Chassis/Body)

Body-on-frameis anautomobileconstruction technology. Mounting a separatebodyto a rigid frame that supports thedrivetrainwas the original method of building automobiles, and its use continues to this day.

Most small passenger vehicles switched to monocoque construction in the 1960s

8Unit2 Chassis System 12.1a) Identify Body Type And Their Functional RequirementBody Types:Construction:Separate/Composite(Chassis/Body)


Light Vehicle:SaloonHatchbackEstate/Station WagonCoupeConvertible

10Unit2 Chassis System 12.1a) Identify Body Type And Their Functional RequirementBody Types:Light Vehicle:Saloon A saloon car is one of the most common body styles of the modern car. At its most basic, the saloon is a passenger car with a separate bonnet covering the engine in the front, and a separate boot for luggage at the rear.

A saloon seats four or more and has a fixed roof that is full-height up to the rear window. Most commonly it is

Four Door Saloon Two Door Saloon

11Unit2 Chassis System 12.1a) Identify Body Type And Their Functional RequirementBody Types:Light Vehicle:Saloon

12Unit2 Chassis System 12.1a) Identify Body Type And Their Functional RequirementBody Types:Light Vehicle:SaloonFour Door Saloon

BMW 7 Series Toyota Corolla13Unit2 Chassis System 12.1a) Identify Body Type And Their Functional RequirementBody Types:Light Vehicle:Saloon2. Two Door Saloon

Audi A5Honda Civic14Unit2 Chassis System 12.1a) Identify Body Type And Their Functional RequirementBody Types:Light Vehicle:b. Hatchback A Hatchback car has a sloping back with a hinged rear door that opens upward. The rear deck lid and window lift open as a unit. The rear door leads into the car.

Two types of Hatchbacks are:

Three Door Hatchback Five Door Hatchback

15Unit2 Chassis System 12.1a) Identify Body Type And Their Functional RequirementBody Types:Light Vehicle:b. Hatchback

16Unit2 Chassis System 12.1a) Identify Body Type And Their Functional RequirementBody Types:Light Vehicle:b. Hatchback 1. Three Door Hatchback

Suzuki Swift17Unit2 Chassis System 12.1a) Identify Body Type And Their Functional RequirementBody Types:Light Vehicle:b. Hatchback 1. Five Door Hatchback

Hyundai Santro18Unit2 Chassis System 12.1a) Identify Body Type And Their Functional RequirementBody Types:Light Vehicle:c. Estate/ Station Wagon An Estate car is a car body style similar to a saloon, but with an extended rear cargo area.

Most Estate cars are modified saloon-type car bodies, having the passenger area extended to the rear window (over the normal boot area of the vehicle).

Unlike a hatchback car, which otherwise meets this description, an Estate is the full height of the passenger cabin all the way to the back; the rear glass is not sloped too far from vertical. Estate cars also have side windows over the cargo area, whereas most hatchbacks have no cargo area windows.

19Unit2 Chassis System 12.1a) Identify Body Type And Their Functional RequirementBody Types:Light Vehicle:c. Estate/ Station Wagon

20Unit2 Chassis System 12.1a) Identify Body Type And Their Functional RequirementBody Types:Light Vehicle:Estate/ Station Wagon 1. Three Door Estate

21Unit2 Chassis System 12.1a) Identify Body Type And Their Functional RequirementBody Types:Light Vehicle:Estate/ Station Wagon 1. Five Door Estate

Five Door Estate 22Unit2 Chassis System 12.1a) Identify Body Type And Their Functional RequirementBody Types:Light Vehicle:d. Coupe A 2-door, 2- or 4-seat car with a fixed roof.

Its doors are often longer than those of an equivalent sedan and the rear passenger area smaller; the roof may also be low.

In cases where the rear seats are very small and not intended for regular use it is called a 2+2 (pronounced "two plus two

23Unit2 Chassis System 12.1a) Identify Body Type And Their Functional RequirementBody Types:Light Vehicle:d. Coupe

BMW M324Unit2 Chassis System 12.1a) Identify Body Type And Their Functional RequirementBody Types:Light Vehicle:d. Convertible A body style with a flexible textile folding roof or rigid retracting roof to allow driving in open or enclosed modes. The roof may be constructed of soft or rigid material.

A soft-top convertible may also be referred to as acabriolet,cabrio,spyder, orspider, although two-seater soft tops often retain the nameroadster, referring to their body style.

Hard-tops are marketed under the termscoup cabriolet,coup convertibleor simplyretractable hardtop, while two-seaters more commonly usecoup roadster/roadster coup.25Unit2 Chassis System 12.1a) Identify Body Type And Their Functional RequirementBody Types:Light Vehicle:d. Convertible

26Unit2 Chassis System 12.1a) Identify Body Type And Their Functional RequirementBody Types:Light Vehicle:d. Convertible (retractable hard top)

27Unit2 Chassis System 12.1a) Identify Body Type And Their Functional RequirementBody Types:Light Vehicle:d. Convertible (roadster)


Commercial: Rigid


Commercial: Articulated:

Vehicle which has a permanent or semi-permanent pivoting joint in its construction, allowing the vehicle to turn more sharply.

There are many kinds of articulated vehicles, fromheavy equipmenttobuses,tramsandtrains.


Commercial: Articulated:


Commercial: Pickup

Apickup truck an abbreviation of "utility vehicle"inAustraliaandNew Zealand) is a lightmotor vehiclewith an open-top rear cargo area (bed) which is almost always separated from the cabto allow for chassis flex when carrying or pulling heavy loads.


Commercial: Pickup


Commercial: Flatbed Truck

Aflatbed truck is a type oftruckwhich can be eitherarticulatedor rigid.

As the name suggests, it has an entirely flat, level 'bed' body with no sides or roof. This allows for quick and easy loading of goods, and consequently they are used to transport heavy loads that are not delicate or vulnerable toprecipitation, such as construction equipment, and also for abnormal loads that require more space than is available on a closed body.





36Unit2 Chassis System 12.1a) Identify Body Type And Their Functional RequirementBody Types:Commercial: Drop side Platform Truck:

37Unit2 Chassis System 12.1a) Identify Body Type And Their Functional RequirementBody Types:Commercial: Box Van: Boxtruck, also known as acubetruck,cubevan,bob truck,box van, orstraight truck, is atruckwith acuboid-shapedcargoarea.

38Unit2 Chassis System 12.1a) Identify Body Type And Their Functional RequirementBody Types:Commercial: Box Van:

39Unit2 Chassis System 12.1a) Identify Body Type And Their Functional RequirementBody Types:Commercial: Box Van:

40Unit2 Chassis System 12.1a) Identify Body Type And Their Functional RequirementBody Types:Commercial: Curtainsider:

41Unit2 Chassis System 12.1a) Identify Body Type And Their Functional RequirementBody Types:Commercial: Tipper:

42Unit2 Chassis System 12.1a) Identify Body Type And Their Functional RequirementBody Types:Commercial: Tipper:

43Unit2 Chassis System 12.1a) Identify Body Type And Their Functional RequirementBody Types:Commercial: Tanker truck: Atanker truck orroad tanker is amotor vehicledesigned to carryliquefied loads,dry bulkcargo orgaseson roads

44Unit2 Chassis System 12.1a) Identify Body Type And Their Functional RequirementBody Types:Commercial: Tanker truck:

45Unit2 Chassis System 12.1a) Identify Body Type And Their Functional RequirementBody Types:Commercial: Temperature controlled ( Refrigerated truck): Arefrigerator truckis avanortruckdesigned to carry perishable freight at specific temperatures

46Unit2 Chassis System 12.1a) Identify Body Type And Their Functional RequirementBody Types:Commercial: Temperature controlled ( Refrigerated truck):

47Unit2 Chassis System 12.1a) Identify Body Type And Their Functional RequirementBody Types:Public Passenger Vehicle: Mini Bus: Aminibusormini coachis a passenger carryingmotor vehiclethat is designed to carry more people than amulti-purpose vehicle or minivan, but fewer people than afull-size bus.

48Unit2 Chassis System 12.1a) Identify Body Type And Their Functional RequirementBody Types:Public Passenger Vehicle: Mini Bus:

49Unit2 Chassis System 12.1a) Identify Body Type And Their Functional RequirementBody Types:Public Passenger Vehicle: Mini Bus:

50Unit2 Chassis System 12.1a) Identify Body Type And Their Functional RequirementBody Types:Public Passenger Vehicle: Omni bus: Abus(archaically alsoomnibus,multibus, orautobus) is aroad vehicledesigned to carrypassengers. The most common type of bus is thesingle-decker bus, with larger loads carried bydouble-decker busesandarticulated buses, and smaller loads carried bymidibusesandminibuses;coachesare used for longer distance services.

51Unit2 Chassis System 12.1a) Identify Body Type And Their Functional RequirementBody Types:Public Passenger Vehicle: Omni bus:

52Unit2 Chassis System 12.1a) Identify Body Type And Their Functional RequirementBody Types:Special Purpose Vehicle: Ambulance: Anambulanceis avehiclefor transportation of sick or injured people to, from or between places of treatment for anillnessorinjury, and in some instances will also provide out of hospital medical care to the patient.

53Unit2 Chassis System 12.1a) Identify Body Type And Their Functional RequirementBody Types:Special Purpose Vehicle: Ambulance:

54Unit2 Chassis System 12.1a) Identify Body Type And Their Functional RequirementBody Types:Special Purpose Vehicle: Fire Tender: Afire apparatus,fire engine,fire truck, orfire applianceis a vehicle designed to assist in fightingfiresby transportingfirefightersto the scene and providing them with access to the fire, along with water or other equipment

55Unit2 Chassis System 12.1a) Identify Body Type And Their Functional RequirementBody Types:Special Purpose Vehicle: Fire Tender:

56Unit2 Chassis System 1

(2.2a)

Identify Light and Heavy Vehicle Engine Position/ drives, Vehicle Body Components and Vehicle Systems57Unit2 Chassis System 1Engine Positions:

Forward Center Rear Transverse Longitudinal

2.2a)Identify Light and Heavy Vehicle Engine Position/ drives, Vehicle Body Components and Vehicle Systems58Unit2 Chassis System 1Engine Positions: Forward/Front Engine: Afront-mounted enginedescribes the placement of anautomobileenginein front of the vehicle passenger compartment.This layout is the most traditional form, and remains a popular, practical design.

2.2a)Identify Light and Heavy Vehicle Engine Position/ drives, Vehicle Body Components and Vehicle Systems59Unit2 Chassis System 1Engine Positions: Forward/Front Engine:

2.2a)Identify Light and Heavy Vehicle Engine Position/ drives, Vehicle Body Components and Vehicle Systems

60Unit2 Chassis System 1Engine Positions: Center /Mid Engine:Amid-engine layoutdescribes the placement of anautomobileenginebetween the rear and front axles. Another term for this ismid-ship

2.2a)Identify Light and Heavy Vehicle Engine Position/ drives, Vehicle Body Components and Vehicle Systems61Unit2 Chassis System 1Engine Positions: Center /Mid Engine: Front Mid Engine Rear Wheel Drive


62Unit2 Chassis System 1Engine Positions: Center /Mid Engine: Rear Mid Engine Rear Wheel Drive


63Unit2 Chassis System 1Engine Positions: Center /Mid Engine: Front Mid Engine Front Wheel Drive


64Unit2 Chassis System 1Engine Positions: Rear Engine:Inautomobile design, arear-engine designlayout places theengineat the rear of the vehicle.

The most popular current application of this layout is inLow-floor buseswhere its space saving attributes are best applied.

2.2a)Identify Light and Heavy Vehicle Engine Position/ drives, Vehicle Body Components and Vehicle Systems65Unit2 Chassis System 1Engine Positions: Rear Engine:


66Unit2 Chassis System 1Engine Positions: Transverse:Atransverse engineis anenginemounted in a vehicle so that the engine'scrankshaftaxis is perpendicular to thelong axisof the vehicle. Many modern front wheel drivevehicles use this engine mounting configuration.

2.2a)Identify Light and Heavy Vehicle Engine Position/ drives, Vehicle Body Components and Vehicle Systems67Unit2 Chassis System 1Engine Positions: Transverse:


68Unit2 Chassis System 1Engine Positions: Longitudinal:Inautomotive engineering, alongitudinal engineis aninternal combustion enginein which thecrankshaftis oriented along the long axis of thevehicle, front to back

2.2a)Identify Light and Heavy Vehicle Engine Position/ drives, Vehicle Body Components and Vehicle Systems69Unit2 Chassis System 1Engine Positions: Longitudinal:


70Unit2 Chassis System 1Drives: Front Wheel Rear Wheel Four Wheel

2.2a)Identify Light and Heavy Vehicle Engine Position/ drives, Vehicle Body Components and Vehicle Systems71Unit2 Chassis System 1Drives: Front Wheel Drive

2.2a)Identify Light and Heavy Vehicle Engine Position/ drives, Vehicle Body Components and Vehicle SystemsFront-wheel drive (FWD)is a form ofengine/transmissionlayout used inmotor vehicles, where the engine drives the frontwheelsonly.

Most modern front-wheel drive vehicles feature atransverse engine, rather than the conventional longitudinal enginearrangement generally found inrear-wheel driveand four-wheel drivevehicles.72Unit2 Chassis System 1Drives: Front Wheel Drive


73Unit2 Chassis System 1Drives: Rear Wheel Drive


74Unit2 Chassis System 1Drives: Rear Wheel Drive


75Unit2 Chassis System 1Drives: Four Wheel Drive Four-wheel drive, 4WD, or 44 ("four by four") is a four-wheeled vehicle with a drivetrain that allows all four wheels to receive torque from the engine simultaneously

2.2a)Identify Light and Heavy Vehicle Engine Position/ drives, Vehicle Body Components and Vehicle Systems76Unit2 Chassis System 1Drives: Four Wheel Drive


77Unit2 Chassis System 12.2a)Identify Light and Heavy Vehicle Engine Position/ drives, Vehicle Body Components and Vehicle SystemsDriver Position

Left Hand

Vehicles are manufactured in left-hand drive (LHD) and right-hand drive (RHD) configurations, referring to the placement of the driving seat and controls within the vehicle.

Typically, the placement of the steering wheel is opposite to the rule of the road:

Left Hand Traffic countries use RHD vehicles, and Right Hand Traffic countries use LHD vehiclesUnit2 Chassis System 12.2a)Identify Light and Heavy Vehicle Engine Position/ drives, Vehicle Body Components and Vehicle SystemsDriver Position

Left Hand

Unit2 Chassis System 12.2a)Identify Light and Heavy Vehicle Engine Position/ drives, Vehicle Body Components and Vehicle SystemsDriver Position

Right Hand Drive

Unit2 Chassis System 12.2a)Identify Light and Heavy Vehicle Engine Position/ drives, Vehicle Body Components and Vehicle SystemsCommercial Vehicle Cab Positions

Forward

In road vehicle design, Cab forward, also known as Cab-over, COE (Cab Over Engine), or forward control, is a body style of truck or van that has a vertical front or "flat face", with the cab sitting above the front axle


Forward


Standard

A standard cab pickup has a single row of seats and a single set of doors, one on each side.

Most pickups have a front bench seat that can be used by three people, however within the last few decades, various manufacturers have begun to offer individual seats as standard equipmentUnit2 Chassis System 12.2a)Identify Light and Heavy Vehicle Engine Position/ drives, Vehicle Body Components and Vehicle SystemsCommercial Vehicle Cab Positions

Standard


Extended cab

Extended or super cab pickups add an extra space behind the main seat.

This is normally accessed by reclining the front bench back, but recent extended cab pickups have featured suicide doors on one or both sides for accessUnit2 Chassis System 12.2a)Identify Light and Heavy Vehicle Engine Position/ drives, Vehicle Body Components and Vehicle SystemsCommercial Vehicle Cab Positions

Extended cab


Crew cab

A true four-door pickup is a crew cab, double cab, dual cab or quad cab.

It features seating for up to five or six people on two full benches and full-size front-hinged doors on both sides.

Most crew cab pickups have a shorter bed or box to reduce their overall lengthUnit2 Chassis System 12.2a)Identify Light and Heavy Vehicle Engine Position/ drives, Vehicle Body Components and Vehicle SystemsCommercial Vehicle Cab Positions

Crew cab

Unit2 Chassis System 12.2a)Identify Light and Heavy Vehicle Engine Position/ drives, Vehicle Body Components and Vehicle SystemsChassis

Cruciform( Cross member within chassis)

Ladder

Rigid

Articulated

Sub frame


Cruciform( Cross member within chassis)


LadderSo named for its resemblance to a ladder, the ladder frame is the simplest and oldest of all designs. It consists merely of two symmetrical rails, or beams, and cross members connecting them


Rigid


Articulated


Sub frame : The relatively thin metal of an integrally constructed vehicle means that concentrated loads from the engine and suspension units could cause excessive local stress and noise. These problems are overcome by using subframes to spread the load and reduce noise transfer.


Sub frames:

Engine

Transmission

SuspensionUnit2 Chassis System 12.2a)Identify Light and Heavy Vehicle Engine Position/ drives, Vehicle Body Components and Vehicle SystemsChassis

Sub frames:

Engine


Sub frames:

Transmission


Sub frames:

Suspension

Unit2 Chassis System 12.2a)Identify Light and Heavy Vehicle Engine Position/ drives, Vehicle Body Components and Vehicle SystemsDoor Closure

Hinged

Sliding

Hatchback

Open topped

Curtains


Hinged


Sliding


Hatchback

Unit2 Chassis System 12.2a)Identify Light and Heavy Vehicle Engine Position/ drives, Vehicle Body Components and Vehicle SystemsDoor Closure Open topped

Unit2 Chassis System 12.2a)Identify Light and Heavy Vehicle Engine Position/ drives, Vehicle Body Components and Vehicle SystemsCABS:

Rigid

Articulated

Tilt(Forward)

Half cab


Rigid


Articulated


Tilt(Forward)


Half cab

Unit2 Chassis System 12.2a)Identify Light and Heavy Vehicle Engine Position/ drives, Vehicle Body Components and Vehicle SystemsLOAD AREAS:

Platform (Flat)

Drop side (Single) Platform

Open Box (fixed side)

Box Van (Enclosed Box)


Platform (Flat)


Drop side (Single) Platform


Open Box (fixed side)

Unit2 Chassis System 12.2a)Identify Light and Heavy Vehicle Engine Position/ drives, Vehicle Body Components and Vehicle SystemsLOAD AREAS: Box Van (Enclosed Box)

Vehicle Systems

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