StaticandDynamicMechanismsforanOperationMission Related to Responsibilityto Conserve& Protect Resources Personel Cellings ProductivityPrograms BudgetLimitations WorkSimplification CompetitiveProcurement Cost ReductionRegulation PaperworkManagement Law from Congress Life Cycle Costing Davis-Bacon Act Management by Objectives EconomyAct EmployeeSuggestions Other Management Improvement Zero Based Budgeting Total Quality Management Figure1.8 Value Engineering Energy Conservation Risk Analysis Sustems AnalysisStatic Mechanisms DynamicMechanismsSupportingSupporting Techniques forRedesignActivities Useful as VEMethodology Development WorkandInformationSources Selection ofAlternatives Audits Work Simplification Management Surveys Function Economic Analysis Management Improvement Analysis Life Cycle Costs Optimize Management by Objectives (Cost) vs Design - to - cost Value Zero-basedBudgeting ( Worth ) Management Analysis Cost EmployeeSuggestions Function FlowCharting Savings EnergyProgram Analysis Weighted Evaluation Time PerformanceIndicators System Trade-off Analysis Savings ContractorIdeas Technique Systems Analysis Manpower Paperwork Management( FAST ) CostReduction Savings Productivity Measurement Diagramming Risk Assessments Complaints Total Quality ManagementFigureI.9ResultRelationshipofCurrentActivitieswithVEandOtherTechniquesAnnual Period Annual AnnualAgency Approximate Program Savings %SavingsExpenditure CostEPA 1.100 1981 - Present 3 - 5302 - 3 FederalHighways 10 - 20.000 1981 - Present 150 - 200 1,5CorpsofEngineers 3.4001965 - Present 3 200 5 - 7 NavalFacilities - 2.4001964 - Present 2,5 100 3 - 5 EngineeringCommandVeteransAdministration 200 1988 - Present 0,5 10 3 - 5 SchoolFacilities 200 1984 - Present 4 5- 10 3 - 5 StateofWashingtonOffice ofManagement 2.0001984-87- - Present 1to 1,5 803 - 5 and Budget,NYC 1.700 88200 - 400 10 - 20Design&Construction 2.0001984 - 1985 0,5 3612UnitedTechnologyGDMW - MODA 1986 - Present 3 150 5 - 10Saudi ArabiaFigure 1.10ResultofVEPrograms( MillionU. S. $ )VariesWidely