vastus medialis

• ORIGIN- intertronchanteric line of femur; medial aspect of linea aspera

• INSERTION- common quadriceps tendon into patella, tibial tuberosity via patellar ligament

• ACTION- extends the calf at the knee

• BLOOD- muscular branches of profunda femoris artery; saphenous branch of descending genicular artery

• NERVE- femoral nerve, (L2), L3, 4

vastus medialis

iliacus

• ORIGIN- inner surface of upper iliac fossa; anterior inferior iliac spine; anterior capsule of hip joint

• INSERTION- iliopsas tendon to the lesser trochanter of the femur; medial aspect of the linea aspera

• ACTION- powerfully flexes the thigh at the hip; external rotation of the femur

• BLOOD- iliolumbar artery; deep circumflex iliac artery

• NERVE- femoral nerve, L2, 3, 4

iliacus

psoas major

• ORIGIN- vertebral bodies of T12-L4 and the intervening intervertebral discs; transverse processes of L1-L4

• INSERTION- iliopsoas tendon to the lesser trochanter of the femur; medial aspect of the linea aspera

• ACTION- flexes the thigh at the hip; external rotation of the femur

• BLOOD- iliolumbar artery; lumbar artery; subcostal artery

• NERVE- ventral rami, L1, 2, 3, 4

psoas major

pectineus

• ORIGIN- pictineal line of the pubis; superior pubic ramus

• INSERTION- the pectineal line of the femur

• ACTION- flexes the thigh at the hip; adducts thigh at the hip; medially rotates thigh at the hip

• BLOOD- muscular branches of medial femoral circumflex artery

• NERVE- A: femoral nerve, L3, 4 or B: obturator nerve, L2, 3, 4 or A&B: femoral L3, 4 and accessory obturator L3, 4

pectineus

gastrocnemius

• ORIGIN- medial head: just above medial condyle of femur; lateral head: just above lateral condyle of femur

• INSERTION- calcaneus via lateral portion of calcaneal tendon

• ACTION- plantarflexes the foot at the ankle; flexes the calf at the knee; stablilizes ankle and knee when standing

• BLOOD- sural branches of popliteal artery; muscular branches of peroneal artery; posterior tibial artery

• NERVE- tibial nerve, S1, 2

gastrocnemius