Vascular flora associated to Mediterranean temporary ponds ... · PDF fileVascular flora...

Vascular flora associated to Mediterranean temporaryponds on the island of Minorca

by

Pere Fraga i Arguimbau

Projecte LIFE BASSES, Departament d’Economia i Medi Ambient, Consell Insular de Menorca, E-07703 Maó, Menorca, Illes Balears, Spain

[email protected]

Abstract

Fraga i Arguimbau, P. 2008. Vascular flora associated to Medi-terranean temporary ponds on the island of Minorca. AnalesJard. Bot. Madrid 65(2): 393-414.

Mediterranean temporary ponds are a habitat with a high inter-est for conservation due to their particular characteristics and es-pecially to their biodiversity. Vascular flora is a feature thatstands out for its richness and diversity. Minorca has a high rep-resentation of this habitat. A complete inventory of vascularplants related to this habitat on the island is presented here forthe first time. 360 taxa have been recorded in the pond areas.Most of them are usually found outside the water influence, andjust 35 have been found to be exclusive to the inundation area.The quantitative analysis of additional information like abun-dance within the island, chorology and life forms, comparedwith that of all the flora on the island, reveals some particulartraits for the flora of this habitat, and especially for the plants ofthe inundated area.

Keywords: Mediterranean temporary ponds, vascular plants,chorology, life forms, Minorca Island, Spain.

Resumen

Fraga i Arguimbau, P. 2008. Flora Vascular asociada a los hume-dales temporales mediterráneos en la isla de Menorca. AnalesJard. Bot. Madrid 65(2): 393-414 (en inglés).

Los humedales temporales mediterráneos están catalogadoscomo hábitats prioritarios de conservación en la Unión Europeapor sus características ambientales y por su elevada biodiversi-dad, en la que destaca su interesante flora vascular. En la isla deMenorca se encuentra una notable representación de este tipode ecosistema acuático. En este trabajo se ofrece, por primeravez, un inventario completo de la flora asociada a estos ambien-tes. Se han identificado 360 táxones, de los cuales solamente 35están relacionados con las zonas inundadas. El análisis realizadopara cada taxon –abundancia en la isla, corología y biotipos–,comparado con el realizado para el conjunto de la flora de la isla,pone de manifiesto algunos aspectos peculiares de la menciona-da flora de estos hábitats, especialmente para los táxones exclu-sivos de la zona inundada.

Palabras clave: humedales temporales mediterráneos, flora vas-cular, corología, distribución, isla de Menorca, España.

Anales del Jardín Botánico de MadridVol. 65(2): 393-414

julio-diciembre 2008ISSN: 0211-1322

Introduction

Mediterranean temporary ponds are a habitat thatstand out for their biodiversity, both in a quantitativeand in a qualitative sense. This main feature is a resultof its particular water dynamic that relies mainly onrainfall (Zedler, 1987; Keeley & Zedler, 1998). The al-ternation of wet and dry phases, often irregular, cre-ates an environment with extreme living conditionsthat favour the presence of a unique biodiversity ex-clusive or mostly restricted to this habitat (Holland &Jain, 1981a, b; Zedler, 1987; Holland & Jain, 1988,1990; Keeley & Zedler, 1998; Grillas, 2004). Especial-ly the vascular flora shows a richness of species that

make these seasonal ponds like small singular islandsin its surrounding vegetation (Stone, 1990; Baskin,1994). Moreover, this habitat also shows a diversity oftypes according to factors like geology or landform(Jones & Stokes, 1990; Smith & Verrill, 1998; Yaver-covsky & al., 2004), another factor that contributes toits high biodiversity. All these particular characteris-tics together with their typically reduced dimensionand strong dependence on rain water makes themhighly sensitive to alterations, even those of apparentlow intensity (Barry, 1996; Rhazi & al., 2001; Gauthi-er & al., 2004). Due to all these characteristics thishabitat is included in the Habitats Directive of the Eu-ropean Union.

Particular features like geological diversity, thepresence of impermeable soils, and rainy winters pro-vide Minorca with an important representation of thishabitat, not only in number, but also in diversity (Fra-ga & al., 2007), and up to six main types can be distin-guished (Figs. 1-3). An elevated number of seasonalponds have been related to human activity since an-cient times. Some of the most important are close toarchaeological sites from the megalithic culture anduntil not so many years ago they were still used andappreciated as a natural fresh water source for cattle.Despite this importance little was known about thestate of conservation and real distribution of this habi-tat on the island. Only an unpublished paper on wet-lands (Pretus, 1990) included some information.Aware of this situation in 2004, the Consell Insularde Menorca promoted a proposal for a LIFE Natureproject (“Management and conservation of Medi-terranean temporary ponds in Minorca” - LIFE05/NAT/ES/000058 LIFE BASSES) with one primaryobjective: the long-term conservation of this habitaton the whole island. Improving awareness of the asso-ciated vascular flora is an essential step in the imple-mentation of management plans for this habitat.

Material and methods

As many as 63 temporary ponds are catalogued inthe project (Fig. 4). For each of these ponds, at leastthe completion of two inventories of vascular flora hasbeen accomplished, one in the inundation phase andanother in the dry phase. But for the majority, addi-tional inventories and annotations were occasionallycarried out during the periodical visits made for otheractivities of the project. The plant checklist of eachpond was introduced into a database which containsother information related to the flora of Minorca likethe abundance within the island, biogeography, lifeforms, or legal protection. All these data sets werecompiled before for the elaboration of the checklist ofvascular flora on the island (Fraga & al., 2004), so anyfurther analysis of the collected data could be relevantto the flora as a whole.

Several studies have shown that species distribu-tion within a pond is related to the duration of inun-dation and water influence (Zedler, 1987; Holland &Jain, 1988; Crowe & al., 1994; Bauder, 2000; Barbour& al., 2003; Barbour & al., 2005). At the same time,there seems to be reciprocal influence between thevegetation of the pond and that of the surroundingarea (Rhazi & al., 2001). Taking these facts into ac-count, the inventory of the vascular flora was not lim-ited to the inundation area. The immediate borderingarea and a strip of vegetation around each pond werealso surveyed with hopes of obtaining additional in-

P. Fraga i Arguimbau

formation about the environment in which the pondis located. In this way the plant taxa recorded couldbe classified into four groups according to their distri-bution and annual life cycle: plants that usually growin the inundation area during the aquatic phase (IFA),plants that usually grow in the inundation area duringthe dry phase (IFS), plants that usually grow in theborder zone (MG), which is the strip of land adjacentto the inundation area but rarely becomes inundated,and plants that usually grow in the terrestrial vegeta-tion surrounding the pond (OR).

In order to perform a comparison with the florafrom the rest of the island, the nomenclature, theabundance, life forms and chorological type for eachtaxa follows those established by Fraga & al. (2004).Collected specimens are stored in the HerbariumGenerale Minoricae.

Results and discussion

The general results of the inventories of vascularplants in 63 Mediterranean temporary ponds of Mi-norca show that at least 360 taxa of vascular plants arerelated to this habitat (see appendix), this makes up27% of all that on the island. Most of them (69%)grow outside the inundation areas (MG and OR), andamong plants growing in the inundation area (IFS andIFA), just 35 taxa are area exclusive (Fig. 5). The tablein the appendix shows the list of recorded taxa withadditional information (abundance, chorologicaltype, life form) and their habitual presence in thezones defined above.

A simple quantitative analysis of this information,especially when compared to that from the catalogueof vascular flora (Fraga & al., 2004), helps to learnmore about the scientific and ecological importanceof this habitat and its state of conservation.

Abundance

The results for abundance (Table 1) show thatplants widely distributed within the island (commonand very common) are the most significant group(75%). This is quite different from the flora of thewhole island where they make up only 45%. These re-sults could be either a confirmation of good represen-tation of this habitat in Minorca, or that it is simply lo-cated in areas with plant communities widespreadthroughout the island.

An analysis of the abundance only for the plantsgrowing in the inundation area may help to solve thisquestion. Although these results (Table 1) still showthe most common plants as the most represented, allthe values are more equilibrated. Thus it can be saidthat most of the vegetation surrounding temporary

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Anales del Jardín Botánico de Madrid 65(2): 393-414, julio-diciembre 2008. ISSN: 0211-1322

Vascular flora temporary ponds on Minorca 395


Fig. 1. a, Coastal temporary pond on rocky outcrops. b, Inland temporary pond on deep sandy soils.

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b

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Fig. 2. a, Temporary ponds on siliceous sandstone derived soils. b, Rockpool.

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Fig. 3. a, Temporary pond in shallow depresions on palaeozoic soils. b, Ephemeral temporary ponds on sandy coastal soils.

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ponds in Minorca is mainly formed by plant specieswith a wide distribution within the island, but in theareas of inundation the species are quite less wide-spread or even quite rare, most being found in lessthan 10 localities known on the island.

Related to the abundance is the frequency in whicha taxon is recorded in each pond. The results with regard to taxa in the inundation area can be seenin Table 2. Most of the taxa are found in less than5 ponds (68%). And only 14 taxa are present in morethan 10. These more common plants are not exclusiveto this habitat, but are also found in other habitats that


share factors of extreme conditions of inundation anddrought like seasonal streams or the margins ofmarshlands. Among these more frequent plants arethe only two endemics that have been found in the in-undation area: Romulea assumptionis and Polygonumromanum subsp. balearicum, both Gymnesian en-demics.

Chorology

The chorological pattern of the plants recorded isquite similar to that of all the flora on the island (Tab.3). Plants with a distribution limited to the area

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Fig. 4. Distribution of temporary ponds of Minorca Island studied in this work.

Abundance Inundation area Whole pond area Flora of Minorca

Very common 18,7 34,0 15,4

Common 36,4 41,0 29,2

Rare 23,4 15,0 23,3

Very rare 21,5 10,0 30,3

Table 1. Representation (%) of the abundance categories within the inundation area, the whole pond area and the vascular flora ofMinorca (Fraga & al., 2004).

around the Mediterranean Sea (Stenomediterraneanand Eurimediterranean) are the most importantgroup, with an even higher representation than all theflora on the island. Other groups like Atlantics and

Vascular flora temporary ponds on Minorca

widely distributed plants also show a significant in-crease in their representation. Exotic and narrowlydistributed species have a significant decrease instead.This data leads us to believe that vegetation of thetemporary ponds is typically Mediterranean andshows a low rate of specificity in its distribution rate.

If we repeat the same analysis restricted to the in-undation area, the information provided changesgreatly. Now widespread (cosmopolitan, subcos-mopolitan) taxa are the most significant group. Thosestrictly Mediterranean decrease to less than a half,however plants with a wider distribution (euri-mediterranean) maintain a high representation, andthose with a preference for cooler or wetter habitats(Atlantics) become even more important. These re-sults agree with some common characteristics ofaquatic habitats where long-distance dispersedspecies are most common due to the presence of ac-tive dispersals like migrant birds. But the anthropicorigin of most of these species has also been under dis-cussion (Bauder, 2000). The data from the taxa in theinundation area reveal another significant change.Now the alien species, mainly from America, are moreimportant. This fact opposes the observations madein the same habitat in other regions like Californiawhere temporary ponds are said to have some resis-tance to plant invasions (Holland & Jain, 1988; Cox,1999). The contrasting results in the chorology of the

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Fig. 5. Distribution of the taxa within the differents zones of the pond area. FA: aquatic phase of the inundation area; FS: dry phaseof the inundation area; MG: marginal area; OR: terrestrial vegetation around the pond.

Taxon Number of ponds

Cynodon dactylon 33

Lythrum hyssopifolia 24

Mentha pulegium 23

Plantago weldenii 22

Eleocharis palustris 16

Carex divisa 15

Carex divulsa 14

Agrostis stolonifera 14

Rumex pulcher subsp. woodsii 12

Polygonum romanum subsp. balearicum 12

Aster squamatus 11

Romulea assumptionis 11

Polypogon maritimus subsp. maritimus 10

Dittrichia viscosa subsp. viscosa 10

Table 2. Most frequent taxa in the temporary ponds of Mi-norca.

flora for the whole studied area and that restricted tothe inundation area, show again clear differences be-tween these two parts.

Life forms

The representation of Raunkiaer’s life forms (Table4) reveals some interesting information about thecharacteristics of the vascular flora associated to thishabitat. In the spectrum of the entire pond area thevalues are quite similar to those of the vascular floraon the island. That is, herbaceous plants are the mostsignificant groups, especially the short lived ones(therophytes). Also woody plants (chamaephytes andphanerophytes) have some importance, but againthere are extreme changes when considering only theinundation area. Now the annual plants are still themost notable group, with a value similar to that of the


vascular flora on the island, but representation ofwoody forms decrease dramatically and, as could beexpected, aquatic plants (hydrophytes) show a dra-matic increase. Herbaceous perennial plants alsoshow a significant increase in their representation.

These results, although somewhat predictable, areillustrative of the differences in vegetation among thedifferent zones related to the temporary pond. Thepredominance of therophytes in the three analysescan be explained by their importance in the wholeMediterranean area as a consequence of the xericcharacter of its climate (Orshan & al., 1988; Danin &Orshan, 1990; Floret & al., 1990; Heywood, 1995) oras another consequence of human influence (Fraga &al., 2004). But in the inundation area there may be an-other explanation. Unlike the flora as a whole, wherepredominance of annuals seems to be a feature of theMediterranean region (Madon & Médail, 1997), tem-

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Chorological type Inundation area Whole pond area Flora of Minorca

Africa 0,0 0,3 1,7

America 8,4 2,8 4,7

Asia 0,9 0,3 1,3

Atlantics 9,3 7,3 4,6

Boreal 1,9 1,4 1,5

Wide distribution 26,2 13,0 10,1

Endemics 0,9 4,0 6,3

Eurasiat. 5,6 4,2 6,4

Euri-medit. 19,6 24,5 22,2

Medit.-Turan. 6,6 6,3 5,7

Paleotemp. 5,6 5,1 4,6

Esteno-medit. 12,1 30,2 28,7

Tropical 2,8 0,6 1,1

Table 3. Distribution (%) of chrological types within the taxa of the inundation area, the whole pond area and the vascular flora of Mi-norca (Fraga & al., 2004).

Life form Inundation area Whole pond area Flora of Minorca

Chamaephytes 2,8 8,6 11,4

Geophytes 9,3 8,4 11,7

Hemicryptophytes 26,2 22,3 19,6

Hydrophytes 15,9 4,7 3,0

Lianas 0,0 2,0 1,1

Phanaerophytes 1,9 7,5 8,9

Therophytes 43,9 46,5 44,3

Table 4. Representation (%) of each Raunkiaer life form within the taxa of the inundation area, the whole pond area and the vascu-lar flora of Minorca (Fraga & al., 2004).

porary ponds show a predominance of this life form inother regions like California (Zedler, 1987; Holland &Jain, 1988). Thus, in the inundation area this resultcan be explained by some specific characteristics ofthis habitat that also favour this life form. These char-acteristics may be the dynamism and irregularity ofhidroperiods in the time or the irregularity of the bor-ders of the inundation area. The physical and envi-ronmental conditions created by both phenomena aremore suitable for plants with a short life span than forthose with a long one. The increase of hemicrypto-hytes may be attributed to similar reasons. Theseherbaceous perennials prefer open spaces, with fewwood species, like those created by water dynamismin temporary ponds, also more resilient to periods ofinundation.

This data about life forms again shows a differenti-ation between the flora of the inundation area of tem-porary pools and that of the surrounding area or withrespect to the all the flora on the island.

Exotic species

Alien or exotic species are a group of plants thatmust be considered for their probable negative im-pact on the habitat as some can develop invasive be-haviour. Several studies have shown the importance ofalien species in the conservation of temporary ponds(Bauder, 1996; Gerhardt & Collinge, 2003; Zedler &Black, 2004). In fact, alien invasive plants are seen as amain threat for the conservation of this habitat withinthe LIFE BASSES project. Ten naturalised alienspecies have been found in the inundation area of theponds. None of them are hydrophytes, so all theirgrowing seasons coincide mainly during the dryphase. All but two are therophytes: Amaranthus albus,A. hybridus, A. retroflexus, A. viridis, Aster squamatus,Chamaesyce postrata, Conyza sumatrensis and He-liotropium curassavicum. The two hemicryptophytes:Arundo donax and Paspalum paspalodes have a clearlyinvasive behaviour. The latter is the most widespreadin this habitat. The aggressive capacity of this speciesas an invader has been seen in other aquatic habitats(Aguiar & al., 2001; 2005; Bernez & al., 2005; 2006)and in some ponds it has completely changed the ecol-ogy forming a monotypic vegetation at the expense ofthe native plants.

Conclusions

The vascular flora associated to Mediterraneantemporary ponds in Minorca has two main groups oftaxa, those that grow without the direct influence ofthe standing water, and those that grow within the in-undation area, in the aquatic or even in the dry phase.

Vascular flora temporary ponds on Minorca

The former show characteristics similar to the flora ofthe entire island in terms of abundance, life forms andchorology. On the other hand, the taxa that usuallygrow in the inundation area have a different patternwithin the same parameters. Despite the alternationbetween the inundation and drought phases, the floraof the inundation area has a vegetation whose primarytraits are similar to those of other aquatic habitats, i.e.the importance of widely distributed taxa or the pre-dominance of herbaceous life forms.

Acknowledgements

This project has been developed within the LIFE NATUREproject LIFE05/NAT/ES/000058 “Management and conserva-tion of Mediterranean temporary ponds on the island of Minorca”(LIFE BASSES, www.cime.es/lifeflora), co-financed by the Euro-pean Union and the Consell Insular de Menorca.

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XX

Am

aran

thus

viri

dis

L.C

omm

onA

mer

ica

Ther

ophy

tes

XX

X

Am

mi m

ajus

L.C

omm

onEu

ri-M

edit.

Ther

ophy

tes

XX

Am

pelo

desm

os m

aurit

anic

a(P

oir.

) T. D

uran

d &

Sch

inz

Ver

y co

mm

onSt

eno-

Med

it.H

emic

rypt

ophy

tes

X

Ana

galli

s ar

vens

issu

bsp.

arv

ensi

sL.

Ver

y co

mm

onEu

ri-M

edit.

Ther

ophy

tes

XX

Ana

galli

s ar

vens

issu

bsp.

par

viflo

ra(H

offm

anns

. & L

ink.

) Arc

ang.

Rare

Sten

o-M

edit.

Ther

ophy

tes

XX

Ant

hem

is m

ariti

ma

subs

p. m

ariti

ma

L.C

omm

onSt

eno-

Med

it.C

ham

aeph

ytes

X

Ant

hoxa

nthu

m a

rista

tum

Bois

s.C

omm

onA

tlant

icTh

erop

hyte

sX

X

Arb

utus

une

doL.

Com

mon

Euri-

Med

it.Ph

aner

ophy

tes

X

Aris

arum

vul

gare

subs

p. v

ulga

reTa

rg.T

ozz.

Ver

y co

mm

onSt

eno-

Med

it.G

eoph

ytes

X

Art

emis

ia c

aeru

lesc

ens

subs

p. g

allic

a(W

illd.

) K.M

. Per

ss.

Com

mon

Sten

o-M

edit.

Cha

mae

phyt

esX

X

Aru

m it

alic

umsu

bsp.

ital

icum

Mill

.V

ery

com

mon

Sten

o-M

edit.

Geo

phyt

esX

Aru

ndo

dona

xL.

Com

mon

Asi

aPh

aner

ophy

tes

XX

Asp

arag

us a

cutif

oliu

sL.

Ver

y co

mm

onSt

eno-

Med

it.G

eoph

ytes

X

Asp

arag

us a

lbus

L.V

ery

com

mon

Sten

o-M

edit.

Geo

phyt

esX

Asp

arag

us s

tipul

aris

Fors

sk.

Ver

y co

mm

onSt

eno-

Med

it.G

eoph

ytes

X

Asp

erul

a la

evig

ata

L.C

omm

onSt

eno-

Med

it.H

emic

rypt

ophy

tes

X

Ap

pen

dix

Che

cklis

t of t

he v

ascu

lar p

lant

s re

cord

ed.

Key

. FA

, aqu

atic

pha

se o

f the

inun

datio

n ar

ea; F

S, d

ry p

hase

of t

he in

unda

tion

area

; MG

, mar

gina

l are

a; O

R, te

rres

tria

l veg

etat

ion

arou

nd th

e po

nd.



Taxo

nA

bu

nd

ance

Ch

oro

log

ical

typ

eLi

fe f

orm

FAFS

MG

OR

Asp

hode

lus

aest

ivus

Brot

.V

ery

com

mon

Sten

o-M

edit.

Geo

phyt

esX

Asp

hode

lus

fistu

losu

sL.

Com

mon

Wid

e di

strib

uted

Geo

phyt

esX

Asp

leni

um b

alea

ricum

Shiv

asC

omm

onEn

dem

icH

emic

rypt

ophy

tes

X

Asp

leni

um m

arin

umL.

Rare

Atla

ntic

Hem

icry

ptop

hyte

sX

Ast

er s

quam

atus

(Spr

eng.

) Hie

ron

Ver

y co

mm

onA

mer

ica

Ther

ophy

tes

XX

Ast

eris

cus

aqua

ticus

(L.)

Less

.C

omm

onSt

eno-

Med

it.Th

erop

hyte

sX

X

Atr

iple

x po

stra

taBo

uche

r ex

DC

.V

ery

com

mon

Bore

alTh

erop

hyte

sX

X

Ave

na s

teril

issu

bsp.

ludo

vici

ana

(Dur

ieu)

Nym

anV

ery

com

mon

Med

it.-T

uran

.Th

erop

hyte

sX

Bald

ellia

ranu

ncul

oide

s(L

.) Pa

rl.Ra

reA

tlant

icH

ydro

phyt

esX

Bella

rdia

trix

ago

(L.)

All.

Com

mon

Euri-

Med

it.Th

erop

hyte

sX

Belli

s an

nua

subs

p. a

nnua

L.V

ery

com

mon

Sten

o-M

edit.

Ther

ophy

tes

X

Belli

um b

ellid

ioid

esL.

Com

mon

Ende

mic

Hem

icry

ptop

hyte

sX

X

Beta

mar

itim

aL.

Ver

y co

mm

onEu

ri-M

edit.

Hem

icry

ptop

hyte

sX

Beta

vul

garis

L.Ra

reEu

ri-M

edit.

Hem

icry

ptop

hyte

sX

Blac

ksto

nia

perf

olia

tasu

bsp.

ser

otin

a(K

och

ex R

chb.

) Vol

lm.

Com

mon

Euri-

Med

it.Th

erop

hyte

sX

Brac

hypo

dium

dis

tach

yon

(L.)

Beau

v.V

ery

com

mon

Med

it.-T

uran

.Th

erop

hyte

sX

Brac

hypo

dium

pho

enic

oide

s(L

.) Ro

em. &

Sch

ult.

Ver

y co

mm

onEu

ri-M

edit.

Hem

icry

ptop

hyte

sX

Brac

hypo

dium

syl

vatic

umsu

bsp.

syl

vatic

um(H

uds.

) Bea

uv.

Com

mon

Pale

otem

p.H

emic

rypt

ophy

tes

X

Briz

a m

axim

aL.

Ver

y co

mm

onW

ide

dist

ribut

edTh

erop

hyte

sX

X

Briz

a m

inor

L.C

omm

onW

ide

dist

ribut

edTh

erop

hyte

sX

X

Brom

us p

seud

otho

min

iiP.

Sm

.C

omm

onEu

roas

iat.

Ther

ophy

tes

XX

Bupl

euru

m s

emic

ompo

situ

mL.

Com

mon

Med

it.-T

uran

.Th

erop

hyte

sX

Cal

litric

he b

rutia

Peta

gna

Rare

Atla

ntic

Hyd

roph

ytes

X

Cal

litric

he s

tagn

alis

Scop

.C

omm

onEu

roas

iat.

Hyd

roph

ytes

X

Cal

litric

he tr

unca

tasu

bsp.

occ

iden

talis

(Rou

y) S

chot

sman

Rare

Atla

ntic

Hyd

roph

ytes

X

Cap

paris

spi

nosa

subs

p. ru

pest

ris(S

m.)

Nym

anC

omm

onEu

ri-M

edit.

Phan

erop

hyte

sX

Car

dunc

ellu

s ca

erul

eus

(L.)

C. P

resl

.Ra

reSt

eno-

Med

it.H

emic

rypt

ophy

tes

X

Car

ex d

ista

nsL.

Rare

Euri-

Med

it.H

emic

rypt

ophy

tes

XX

Car

ex d

ivis

aH

uds.

Ver

y co

mm

onPa

leot

emp.

Hem

icry

ptop

hyte

sX

X

Car

ex d

ivul

sasu

bsp.

leer

sii(

Kne

uck.

) W. K

och

Com

mon

Euri-

Med

it.H

emic

rypt

ophy

tes

XX

Car

exfla

cca

Schr

eb.

Ver

y co

mm

onEu

roas

iat.

Hem

icry

ptop

hyte

sX

XX



Taxo

nA

bu

nd

ance

Ch

oro

log

ical

typ

eLi

fe f

orm

FAFS

MG

OR

Car

lina

cory

mbo

sasu

bsp.

cor

ymbo

saL.

Ver

y co

mm

onSt

eno-

Med

it.H

emic

rypt

ophy

tes

X

Car

lina

lana

taL.

Com

mon

Sten

o-M

edit.

Ther

ophy

tes

X

Car

tham

usla

natu

sL.

Ver

y co

mm

onEu

ri-M

edit.

Ther

ophy

tes

X

Cen

taur

eaca

lcitr

apa

L.C

omm

onEu

ri-M

edit.

Hem

icry

ptop

hyte

sX

Cen

taur

ium

spic

atum

(L.)

Frits

chC

omm

onA

tlant

icTh

erop

hyte

sX

X

Cen

taur

ium

tenu

iflor

um(H

offm

anns

. & L

ink)

Frit

sch

Com

mon

Atla

ntic

Ther

ophy

tes

XX

Cen

tunc

ulus

min

imus

L.V

ery

rare

Euro

asia

t.Th

erop

hyte

sX

X

Cha

mae

syce

cane

scen

ssu

bsp.

can

esce

ns(L

.) Pr

okh.

Ver

y ra

reEu

ri-M

edit.

Ther

ophy

tes

XX

Cha

mae

syce

pros

trat

a(A

iton)

Sm

all

Com

mon

Am

eric

aTh

erop

hyte

sX

XX

Che

nopo

dium

albu

mL.

Ver

y co

mm

onW

ide

dist

ribut

edTh

erop

hyte

sX

XX

Che

nopo

dium

mur

ale

L.V

ery

com

mon

Wid

e di

strib

uted

Ther

ophy

tes

XX

X

Che

nopo

dium

vulv

aria

L.V

ery

com

mon

Euri-

Med

it.Th

erop

hyte

sX

XX

Chr

ozop

hora

tinct

oria

(L.)

Raf.

Com

mon

Med

it.-T

uran

.Th

erop

hyte

sX

XX

Cic

endi

afil

iform

is(L

.) D

elar

bre

Rare

Atla

ntic

Ther

ophy

tes

XX

Cic

horiu

men

divi

asu

bsp.

div

aric

atum

(Sch

ousb

.) P.

D. S

ell

Com

mon

Sten

o-M

edit.

Ther

ophy

tes

XX

Cic

horiu

min

tybu

sL.

Ver

y co

mm

onW

ide

dist

ribut

edH

emic

rypt

ophy

tes

X

Cis

tus

albi

dus

L.C

omm

onSt

eno-

Med

it.Ph

aner

ophy

tes

X

Cis

tus

mon

spel

iens

isL.

Ver

y co

mm

onSt

eno-

Med

it.Ph

aner

ophy

tes

X

Cis

tus

salv

iifol

ius

L.V

ery

com

mon

Sten

o-M

edit.

Phan

erop

hyte

sX

Cle

mat

isci

rrho

saL.

Ver

y co

mm

onM

edit.

-Tur

an.

Lian

aX

Con

volv

ulus

arve

nsis

var.

arv

ensi

sL.

Ver

y co

mm

onPa

leot

emp.

Geo

phyt

esX

XX

Con

yza

sum

atre

nsis

(Ret

z.) E

. Wal

ker

Ver

y co

mm

onA

mer

ica

Ther

ophy

tes

XX

X

Cor

onop

ussq

uam

atus

(For

ssk.

) Asc

h.Ra

reEu

ri-M

edit.

Ther

ophy

tes

X

Cor

rigio

lalit

oral

isL.

Ver

y ra

reEu

ri-M

edit.

Cha

mae

phyt

esX

Cra

ssul

atil

laea

Lest

.-G

arl.

Com

mon

Euri-

Med

it.Th

erop

hyte

sX

X

Cra

ssul

ava

illan

tii(W

ild.)

Roth

Rare

Wid

e di

strib

uted

Ther

ophy

tes

XX

Cre

pis

vesi

caria

subs

p. v

esic

aria

L.C

omm

onSt

eno-

Med

it.H

emic

rypt

ophy

tes

X

Cry

psis

acul

eata

(L.)

Aito

nRa

reW

ide

dist

ribut

edTh

erop

hyte

sX

Cyn

odon

dact

ylon

(L.)

Pers

.V

ery

com

mon

Wid

e di

strib

uted

Hem

icry

ptop

hyte

sX

XX

Cyn

osur

usec

hina

tus

L.C

omm

onEu

ri-M

edit.

Ther

ophy

tes

XX

Cyp

erus

long

ussu

bsp.

long

usL.

Rare

Pale

otem

p.H

emic

rypt

ophy

tes

XX



Taxo

nA

bu

nd

ance

Ch

oro

log

ical

typ

eLi

fe f

orm

FAFS

MG

OR

Dac

tylis

glo

mer

ata

subs

p. g

lom

erat

aL.

Rare

Pale

otem

p.H

emic

rypt

ophy

tes

XX

Dam

ason

ium

alis

ma

subs

p. b

ourg

aei(

Cos

s.) M

aire

Ver

y ra

reSt

eno-

Med

it.H

ydro

phyt

esX

Dau

cus

caro

tasu

bsp.

car

ota

L.V

ery

com

mon

Pale

otem

p.H

emic

rypt

ophy

tes

X

Dau

cus

caro

tasu

bsp.

his

pani

cus

(Gou

an) T

hell.

Com

mon

Sten

o-M

edit.

Hem

icry

ptop

hyte

sX

Des

maz

eria

mar

ina

(L.)

Dru

ceV

ery

com

mon

Atla

ntic

Ther

ophy

tes

X

Dig

itaria

san

guin

alis

(L.)

Scop

.C

omm

onW

ide

dist

ribut

edTh

erop

hyte

sX

X

Ditt

richi

a gr

aveo

lens

(L.)

Gre

uter

Com

mon

Med

it.-T

uran

.Th

erop

hyte

sX

XX

Ditt

richi

a vi

scos

asu

bsp.

vis

cosa

(L.)

Gre

uter

Ver

y co

mm

onSt

eno-

Med

it.Ph

aner

ophy

tes

XX

X

Dor

ycni

um fu

lgur

ans

(Por

ta) L

asse

nRa

reEn

dem

icC

ham

aeph

ytes

X

Dor

ycni

um h

irsut

um(L

.) Se

r.C

omm

onEu

ri-M

edit.

Cha

mae

phyt

esX

Echi

noch

loa

colo

num

(L.)

Link

Com

mon

Trop

ical

Ther

ophy

tes

XX

Echi

um it

alic

umsu

bsp.

ital

icum

L.C

omm

onEu

ri-M

edit.

Hem

icry

ptop

hyte

sX

Echi

um p

lant

agin

eum

L.C

omm

onEu

ri-M

edit.

Ther

ophy

tes

XX

Elat

ine

mac

ropo

daG

uss.

Ver

y ra

reSt

eno-

Med

it.Th

erop

hyte

sX

Eleo

char

isac

icul

aris

Roem

. & S

chul

t.V

ery

rare

Wid

e di

strib

uted

Hem

icry

ptop

hyte

sX

Eleo

char

is p

alus

tris

(L.)

Roem

. & S

chul

t.C

omm

onW

ide

dist

ribut

edH

emic

rypt

ophy

tes

XX

Eleo

char

is u

nigl

umis

(Lin

k) S

chul

t.V

ery

rare

Wid

e di

strib

uted

Hem

icry

ptop

hyte

sX

X

Elym

us e

long

atus

(Hos

t) R

unem

ark

Ver

y ra

reM

edit.

-Tur

an.

Hem

icry

ptop

hyte

sX

X

Elym

us p

unge

nssu

bsp.

cam

pest

ris(G

ren.

& G

odro

n) M

elde

risRa

reEu

ri-M

edit.

Hem

icry

ptop

hyte

sX

Elym

us re

pens

subs

p. re

pens

(L.)

Gou

ldRa

reBo

real

Hem

icry

ptop

hyte

sX

Epilo

bium

parv

iflor

umSc

hreb

.Ra

rePa

leot

emp.

Hem

icry

ptop

hyte

sX

X

Eric

aar

bore

aL.

Com

mon

Wid

e di

strib

uted

Phan

erop

hyte

sX

Eric

am

ultif

lora

L.V

ery

com

mon

Sten

o-M

edit.

Phan

erop

hyte

sX

Eric

asc

opar

iaL.

Com

mon

Sten

o-M

edit.

Phan

erop

hyte

sX

Erod

ium

chi

umsu

bsp.

chi

um(L

.) W

illd.

Com

mon

Euri-

Med

it.Th

erop

hyte

sX

Eryn

gium

cam

pest

reL.

Com

mon

Euri-

Med

it.H

emic

rypt

ophy

tes

XX

Euph

orbi

a de

ndro

ides

L.C

omm

onSt

eno-

Med

it.Ph

aner

ophy

tes

X

Euph

orbi

a pi

thyu

sasu

bsp.

pith

yusa

L.C

omm

onSt

eno-

Med

it.C

ham

aeph

ytes

X

Euph

orbi

a se

geta

lisva

r. s

eget

alis

L.C

omm

onSt

eno-

Med

it.C

ham

aeph

ytes

X

Evax

pyg

mae

a(L

.) Br

ot.

Com

mon

Sten

o-M

edit.

Ther

ophy

tes

X

Exac

ulum

pus

illum

(Lam

.) C

arue

lV

ery

rare

Atla

ntic

Ther

ophy

tes

X



Taxo

nA

bu

nd

ance

Ch

oro

log

ical

typ

eLi

fe f

orm

FAFS

MG

OR

Ficu

s ca

rica

L.V

ery

com

mon

Med

it.-T

uran

.Ph

aner

ophy

tes

X

Fran

keni

a co

mpo

sita

Pau

& F

ont Q

uer

Com

mon

Sten

o-M

edit.

Cha

mae

phyt

esX

X

Fran

keni

a hi

rsut

aL.

Com

mon

Med

it.-T

uran

.C

ham

aeph

ytes

XX

Fran

keni

a la

evis

L.V

ery

rare

Atla

ntic

Cha

mae

phyt

esX

X

Fran

keni

a pu

lver

ulen

taL.

Com

mon

Wid

e di

strib

uted

Ther

ophy

tes

X

Fum

aria

cap

reol

ata

L.C

omm

onEu

ri-M

edit.

Ther

ophy

tes

X

Gal

actit

es to

men

tosa

Moe

nch

Ver

y co

mm

onSt

eno-

Med

it.Th

erop

hyte

sX

Gal

ium

deb

ileD

esv.

Ver

y ra

reA

tlant

icH

emic

rypt

ophy

tes

XX

Gal

ium

mur

ale

(L.)

All.

Com

mon

Sten

o-M

edit.

Ther

ophy

tes

X

Gas

trid

ium

ven

tric

osum

(Gou

an) S

chin

z &

The

ll.C

omm

onA

tlant

icTh

erop

hyte

sX

X

Gau

dini

a fr

agili

s(L

.) Be

auv.

Com

mon

Euri-

Med

it.Th

erop

hyte

sX

X

Ger

aniu

m c

olum

binu

m L

.Ra

reEu

roas

iat.

Ther

ophy

tes

XX

Ger

aniu

m d

isse

ctum

L.

Com

mon

Euro

asia

t.Th

erop

hyte

sX

X

Ger

aniu

m p

urpu

reum

Vill

.V

ery

com

mon

Euri-

Med

it.Th

erop

hyte

sX

Gla

diol

us il

lyric

us K

och

Ver

y co

mm

onEu

roas

iat.

Geo

phyt

esX

X

Gle

dits

ia tr

iaca

ntho

s L.

Ver

y ra

reA

mer

ica

Phan

erop

hyte

sX

X

Hai

nard

ia c

ylin

dric

a (W

illd.

) Gre

uter

Rare

Euri-

Med

it.Th

erop

hyte

sX

X

Hed

era

helix

L. s

ubsp

. hel

ixC

omm

onA

tlant

icLi

ana

X

Hed

ypno

is rh

agad

iolo

ides

(L.)

F.W

. Sch

mid

tV

ery

com

mon

Sten

o-M

edit.

Ther

ophy

tes

X

Hed

ysar

um c

oron

ariu

m L

.V

ery

com

mon

Sten

o-M

edit.

Hem

icry

ptop

hyte

sX

X

Hel

iotr

opiu

m c

uras

savi

cum

L.

Rare

Am

eric

aTh

erop

hyte

sX

Hel

iotr

opiu

m e

urop

aeum

L.

Ver

y co

mm

onM

edit.

-Tur

an.

Ther

ophy

tes

XX

X

Hel

iotr

opiu

m s

upin

um L

.V

ery

rare

Euri-

Med

it.Th

erop

hyte

sX

Hip

pocr

epis

bifl

ora

Spre

ng.

Com

mon

Euri-

Med

it.Th

erop

hyte

sX

Hol

cus

lana

tus

L.Ra

reBo

real

Hem

icry

ptop

hyte

sX

Hor

deum

mar

inum

sub

sp.g

usso

nean

um (P

arl.)

The

ll.V

ery

rare

Med

it.-T

uran

.Th

erop

hyte

sX

X

Hor

deum

mar

inum

sub

sp.m

arin

um H

uds.

Com

mon

Euri-

Med

it.Th

erop

hyte

sX

X

Hor

deum

mur

inum

sub

sp.l

epor

inum

(Lin

k) A

rcan

g.V

ery

com

mon

Euri-

Med

it.Th

erop

hyte

sX

Hyo

seris

radi

ata

subs

p.ra

diat

a L.

Ver

y co

mm

onSt

eno-

Med

it.H

emic

rypt

ophy

tes

X

Hyp

ocho

eris

ach

yrop

horu

s L.

Ver

y co

mm

onSt

eno-

Med

it.Th

erop

hyte

sX

Isoe

tes

durie

ui B

ory

Com

mon

Sten

o-M

edit.

Geo

phyt

esX

XX



Taxo

nA

bu

nd

ance

Ch

oro

log

ical

typ

eLi

fe f

orm

FAFS

MG

OR

Isoe

tes

hist

rix B

ory

Ver

y ra

reA

tlant

icG

eoph

ytes

XX

Isoe

tes

vela

tum

sub

sp. v

elat

um A

. Bra

unV

ery

rare

Euri-

Med

it.G

eoph

ytes

X

Junc

us a

cutu

s su

bsp.

acut

us L

.V

ery

com

mon

Euri-

Med

it.H

emic

rypt

ophy

tes

XX

Junc

us a

rtic

ulat

us L

.C

omm

onBo

real

Hem

icry

ptop

hyte

sX

Junc

us b

ufon

ius

L.C

omm

onW

ide

dist

ribut

edTh

erop

hyte

sX

Junc

us c

apita

tus

Wei

gel

Com

mon

Euri-

Med

it.Th

erop

hyte

sX

Junc

us e

ffus

us L

.Ra

reW

ide

dist

ribut

edH

emic

rypt

ophy

tes

XX

Junc

us h

ybrid

us B

rot.

Com

mon

Atla

ntic

Ther

ophy

tes

X

Junc

us li

ttor

alis

C.A

. Mey

.Ra

reM

edit.

-Tur

an.

Hem

icry

ptop

hyte

sX

X

Junc

us m

ariti

mus

Lam

.C

omm

onW

ide

dist

ribut

edH

emic

rypt

ophy

tes

XX

Junc

us p

ygm

aeus

Rich

.V

ery

rare

Atla

ntic

Ther

ophy

tes

XX

Junc

us s

ubul

atus

Fors

sk.

Com

mon

Med

it.-T

uran

.H

emic

rypt

ophy

tes

XX

Juni

peru

s ph

oeni

cea

subs

p. tu

rbin

ata

(Gus

s.) N

yman

Com

mon

Euri-

Med

it.Ph

aner

ophy

tes

X

Kic

kxia

cirr

hosa

(L.)

Frits

chC

omm

onSt

eno-

Med

it.Th

erop

hyte

sX

X

Kic

kxia

com

mut

ata

subs

p. c

omm

utat

a(B

ernh

. ex

Rchb

.) Fr

itsch

Rare

Sten

o-M

edit.

Cha

mae

phyt

esX

X

Kic

kxia

spu

riasu

bsp.

inte

grifo

lia(B

rot.

) R. F

ern.

Com

mon

Euro

asia

t.Th

erop

hyte

sX

X

Kun

dman

ia s

icul

a(L

.) D

C.

Com

mon

Sten

o-M

edit.

Hem

icry

ptop

hyte

sX

Lagu

rus

ovat

usL.

Ver

y co

mm

onEu

ri-M

edit.

Ther

ophy

tes

XX

Laun

aea

cerv

icor

nis

(Boi

ss.)

Font

Que

r & R

othm

.C

omm

onEn

dem

icC

ham

aeph

ytes

X

Lava

tera

cre

tica

L.C

omm

onSt

eno-

Med

it.C

ham

aeph

ytes

X

Lava

tera

pun

ctat

aA

ll.Ra

reSt

eno-

Med

it.Th

erop

hyte

sX

X

Lem

na g

ibba

L.C

omm

onW

ide

dist

ribut

edH

ydro

phyt

esX

Lem

na m

inor

L.C

omm

onW

ide

dist

ribut

edH

ydro

phyt

esX

Leon

todo

n tu

bero

sus

L.V

ery

com

mon

Sten

o-M

edit.

Hem

icry

ptop

hyte

sX

Leuc

ojum

aes

tivum

subs

p. p

ulch

ellu

m(S

alis

b.) B

riq.

Ver

y co

mm

onEn

dem

icG

eoph

ytes

XX

Lim

oniu

m c

ompa

nyon

is(G

ren.

& B

illot

) Kun

tze

Com

mon

Ende

mic

Cha

mae

phyt

esX

Lim

oniu

m e

chio

ides

(L.)

Mill

.C

omm

onSt

eno-

Med

it.Th

erop

hyte

sX

Lim

oniu

m fe

rula

ceum

(L.)

Cha

z.C

omm

onSt

eno-

Med

it.C

ham

aeph

ytes

XX

Lim

oniu

m m

inut

um(L

.) C

haz.

Com

mon

Ende

mic

Cha

mae

phyt

esX

Lim

oniu

m s

axic

ola

Erbe

nC

omm

onEn

dem

icC

ham

aeph

ytes

X

Lim

oniu

m v

irgat

um(W

illd.

) Fou

rr.

Com

mon

Euri-

Med

it.C

ham

aeph

ytes

X



Taxo

nA

bu

nd

ance

Ch

oro

log

ical

typ

eLi

fe f

orm

FAFS

MG

OR

Linu

m b

ienn

eM

ill.

Com

mon

Atla

ntic

Hem

icry

ptop

hyte

sX

X

Linu

m s

tric

tum

subs

p. s

tric

tum

L.C

omm

onSt

eno-

Med

it.Th

erop

hyte

sX

Lipp

ia n

odifl

ora

(L.)

Mic

hxRa

reTr

opic

alH

emic

rypt

ophy

tes

XX

Lobu

laria

mar

itim

asu

bsp.

mar

itim

a(L

.) D

esv.

Ver

y co

mm

onSt

eno-

Med

it.C

ham

aeph

ytes

X

Logf

ia g

allic

a(L

.) C

oss.

& G

erm

.C

omm

onEu

ri-M

edit.

Ther

ophy

tes

XX

Loliu

m p

eren

neL.

Ver

y ra

reBo

real

Hem

icry

ptop

hyte

sX

X

Loliu

m ri

gidu

mG

audi

nV

ery

com

mon

Euri-

Med

it.Th

erop

hyte

sX

Loni

cera

impl

exa

Aito

nC

omm

onSt

eno-

Med

it.Li

ana

X

Loph

ochl

oa c

rista

ta(L

.) H

yl.

Ver

y co

mm

onM

edit.

-Tur

an.

Ther

ophy

tes

X

Lotu

s an

gust

issi

mus

L.Ra

reEu

ri-M

edit.

Ther

ophy

tes

XX

Lotu

s cy

tisoi

des

L.V

ery

com

mon

Sten

o-M

edit.

Cha

mae

phyt

esX

Lotu

s gl

aber

Mill

.C

omm

onPa

leot

emp.

Hem

icry

ptop

hyte

sX

X

Lotu

s hi

spid

usD

esf.

ex

DC

.Ra

reEu

ri-M

edit.

Ther

ophy

tes

XX

Lotu

s or

nith

opod

ioid

esL.

Com

mon

Sten

o-M

edit.

Ther

ophy

tes

X

Lotu

s pa

rvifl

orus

Des

f.Ra

reSt

eno-

Med

it.Th

erop

hyte

sX

Lyth

rum

bor

ysth

enic

um(S

chra

nk) L

itv.

Rare

Euri-

Med

it.Th

erop

hyte

sX

Lyth

rum

hys

sopi

folia

L.C

omm

onW

ide

dist

ribut

edTh

erop

hyte

sX

X

Lyth

rum

junc

eum

Bank

s &

Sol

.C

omm

onSt

eno-

Med

it.C

ham

aeph

ytes

XX

Lyth

rum

thym

ifolia

L.V

ery

rare

Sten

o-M

edit.

Ther

ophy

tes

XX

Lyth

rum

trib

ract

eatu

mSp

reng

.V

ery

rare

Euri-

Med

it.Th

erop

hyte

sX

Mar

sile

a st

rigos

aW

illd.

Ver

y ra

reSt

eno-

Med

it.G

eoph

ytes

X

Med

icag

o in

tert

exta

(L.)

Mill

.Ra

reSt

eno-

Med

it.Th

erop

hyte

sX

X

Med

icag

o m

urex

Will

d.C

omm

onSt

eno-

Med

it.Th

erop

hyte

sX

X

Med

icag

o po

lym

orph

aL.

Ver

y co

mm

onEu

ri-M

edit.

Ther

ophy

tes

XX

X

Med

icag

o tr

unca

tula

Gae

rtn.

Com

mon

Euri-

Med

it.Th

erop

hyte

sX

Mel

ica

maj

orSi

bth.

& S

m.

Com

mon

Sten

o-M

edit.

Hem

icry

ptop

hyte

sX

Mel

ilotu

s in

dicu

s(L

.) A

ll.V

ery

com

mon

Euro

asia

t.Th

erop

hyte

sX

Mel

ilotu

s in

fest

usG

uss.

Ver

y ra

reSt

eno-

Med

it.Th

erop

hyte

sX

Mel

ilotu

s su

lcat

aD

esf.

Ver

y co

mm

onSt

eno-

Med

it.Th

erop

hyte

sX

Men

tha

pule

gium

L.V

ery

com

mon

Euri-

Med

it.H

emic

rypt

ophy

tes

XX

Mic

rom

eria

rodr

igue

ziiF

reyn

& Ja

nka

Com

mon

Ende

mic

Cha

mae

phyt

esX



Taxo

nA

bu

nd

ance

Ch

oro

log

ical

typ

eLi

fe f

orm

FAFS

MG

OR

Myr

ioph

yllu

m a

ltern

iflor

umD

C.

Ver

y ra

reA

tlant

icH

ydro

phyt

esX

Myr

tus

com

mun

isL.

Ver

y co

mm

onSt

eno-

Med

it.Ph

aner

ophy

tes

XX

Ole

a eu

ropa

eava

r. s

ylve

stris

Brot

.V

ery

com

mon

Sten

o-M

edit.

Phan

erop

hyte

sX

Ono

nis

cris

paL.

Rare

Ende

mic

Cha

mae

phyt

esX

Ono

nis

miti

ssim

aL.

Com

mon

Sten

o-M

edit.

Ther

ophy

tes

X

Oph

iogl

ossu

m lu

sita

nicu

mL.

Rare

Atla

ntic

Geo

phyt

esX

X

Orn

ithop

us c

ompr

essu

sL.

Com

mon

Sten

o-M

edit.

Ther

ophy

tes

XX

Orn

ithop

us p

inna

tus

(Mill

.) D

ruce

Rare

Euri-

Med

it.Th

erop

hyte

sX

X

Osy

ris a

lba

L.Ra

reEu

ri-M

edit.

Phan

erop

hyte

sX

Para

phol

is fi

lifor

mis

(Rot

h) C

.E. H

ubb.

Com

mon

Atla

ntic

Ther

ophy

tes

X

Para

phol

is in

curv

a(L

.) C

.E. H

ubb.

Com

mon

Atla

ntic

Ther

ophy

tes

X

Pare

ntuc

ellia

vis

cosa

(L.)

Car

uel

Com

mon

Atla

ntic

Ther

ophy

tes

X

Parie

taria

juda

ica

L.V

ery

com

mon

Euri-

Med

it.C

ham

aeph

ytes

X

Paro

nych

ia e

chin

ulat

aC

hate

rC

omm

onSt

eno-

Med

it.Th

erop

hyte

sX

X

Pasp

alum

pas

palo

des

(Mic

hx) S

crib

.C

omm

onA

mer

ica

Hem

icry

ptop

hyte

sX

X

Petr

orha

gia

nant

euili

i(Bu

rnat

) P.W

. Bal

l & H

eyw

ood

Com

mon

Euri-

Med

it.Th

erop

hyte

sX

Phal

aris

aqu

atic

aL.

Rare

Sten

o-M

edit.

Hem

icry

ptop

hyte

sX

Phal

aris

coe

rule

scen

sD

esf.

Com

mon

Sten

o-M

edit.

Hem

icry

ptop

hyte

sX

Phal

aris

min

orRe

tz.

Ver

y co

mm

onW

ide

dist

ribut

edTh

erop

hyte

sX

X

Phal

aris

par

adox

aL.

Rare

Med

it.-T

uran

.Th

erop

hyte

sX

Phill

yrea

ang

ustif

olia

L.C

omm

onSt

eno-

Med

it.Ph

aner

ophy

tes

X

Phill

yrea

med

iava

r. m

edia

L.V

ery

com

mon

Sten

o-M

edit.

Phan

erop

hyte

sX

Picr

is e

chio

ides

L.Ra

reEu

ri-M

edit.

Ther

ophy

tes

X

Pilu

laria

min

uta

Dur

ieu

ex A

. Bra

unV

ery

rare

Sten

o-M

edit.

Geo

phyt

esX

Pinu

s ha

lepe

nsis

var.

hal

epen

sis

Mill

.V

ery

com

mon

Euri-

Med

it.Ph

aner

ophy

tes

X

Pipt

athe

rum

mili

aceu

m(L

.) C

oss.

Ver

y co

mm

onSt

eno-

Med

it.H

emic

rypt

ophy

tes

X

Pist

acia

lent

iscu

sL.

Ver

y co

mm

onSt

eno-

Med

it.Ph

aner

ophy

tes

X

Plan

tago

cor

onop

ussu

bsp.

cor

onop

usL.

Ver

y co

mm

onEu

ri-M

edit.

Ther

ophy

tes

XX

Plan

tago

cra

ssifo

liaFo

rssk

.C

omm

onSt

eno-

Med

it.H

emic

rypt

ophy

tes

XX

Plan

tago

lago

pus

L.V

ery

com

mon

Sten

o-M

edit.

Ther

ophy

tes

X

Plan

tago

lanc

eola

taL.

Ver

y co

mm

onEu

roas

iat.

Hem

icry

ptop

hyte

sX



Taxo

nA

bu

nd

ance

Ch

oro

log

ical

typ

eLi

fe f

orm

FAFS

MG

OR

Plan

tago

maj

orsu

bsp.

maj

orL.

Rare

Euro

asia

t.H

emic

rypt

ophy

tes

X

Plan

tago

wel

deni

iRch

b.Ra

reEu

ri-M

edit.

Ther

ophy

tes

XX

X

Poa

annu

aL.

Ver

y co

mm

onW

ide

dist

ribut

edTh

erop

hyte

sX

X

Poa

bulb

osa

L.C

omm

onPa

leot

emp.

Hem

icry

ptop

hyte

sX

Poly

gonu

m a

vicu

lare

L.V

ery

com

mon

Wid

e di

strib

uted

Ther

ophy

tes

XX

Poly

gonu

m ro

man

umsu

bsp.

bal

earic

umRa

ffae

lli &

L. V

illar

Rare

Ende

mic

Cha

mae

phyt

esX

X

Poly

pogo

n m

ariti

mus

subs

p. m

ariti

mus

Will

d.C

omm

onSt

eno-

Med

it.Th

erop

hyte

sX

X

Poly

pogo

n m

ariti

mus

subs

p. s

ubsp

atha

ceus

(Req

.) Bo

nnie

r & L

ayen

sRa

reSt

eno-

Med

it.Th

erop

hyte

sX

X

Poly

pogo

n m

onsp

elie

nsis

(L.)

Des

f.C

omm

onW

ide

dist

ribut

edTh

erop

hyte

sX

Port

ulac

a ol

erac

easu

bsp.

ole

race

aL.

Ver

y co

mm

onW

ide

dist

ribut

edTh

erop

hyte

sX

XX

Pota

mog

eton

pec

tinat

us L

.C

omm

onW

ide

dist

ribut

edH

ydro

phyt

esX

Pote

ntill

a re

ptan

sL.

Com

mon

Pale

otem

p.H

emic

rypt

ophy

tes

XX

Psor

alea

bitu

min

osa

L.V

ery

com

mon

Med

it.-T

uran

.H

emic

rypt

ophy

tes

X

Pulic

aria

sic

ula

(L.)

Mor

isC

omm

onSt

eno-

Med

it.Th

erop

hyte

sX

X

Pulic

aria

vul

garis

Gae

rtn.

Ver

y ra

rePa

leot

emp.

Ther

ophy

tes

X

Que

rcus

ilex

subs

p. il

exL.

Ver

y co

mm

onSt

eno-

Med

it.Ph

aner

ophy

tes

X

Radi

ola

linoi

des

Roth

Rare

Pale

otem

p.Th

erop

hyte

sX

Ranu

ncul

us m

acro

phyl

lus

Des

f.V

ery

com

mon

Sten

o-M

edit.

Hem

icry

ptop

hyte

sX

X

Ranu

ncul

us m

uric

atus

L.C

omm

onM

edit.

-Tur

an.

Ther

ophy

tes

XX

Ranu

ncul

us o

phio

glos

sifo

lius

Vill

.Ra

reEu

ri-M

edit.

Ther

ophy

tes

XX

Ranu

ncul

us p

elta

tus

subs

p. b

audo

tii(G

odro

n) C

.D.K

. Coo

kRa

reW

ide

dist

ribut

edH

ydro

phyt

esX

Ranu

ncul

us p

elta

tus

subs

p. s

anic

ulifo

lius

(Viv

.) C

.D.K

. Coo

kC

omm

onEu

ri-M

edit.

Hyd

roph

ytes

X

Ranu

ncul

us s

ardo

usC

rant

zRa

reW

ide

dist

ribut

edTh

erop

hyte

sX

X

Ranu

ncul

us tr

ilobu

sD

esf.

Com

mon

Euri-

Med

it.Th

erop

hyte

sX

X

Reic

hard

ia p

icro

ides

(L.)

Roth

Ver

y co

mm

onSt

eno-

Med

it.H

emic

rypt

ophy

tes

X

Rese

da a

lba

L.V

ery

com

mon

Sten

o-M

edit.

Hem

icry

ptop

hyte

sX

Rham

nus

alat

ernu

sL.

Ver

y co

mm

onSt

eno-

Med

it.Ph

aner

ophy

tes

X

Rom

ulea

ass

umpt

ioni

sG

arci

as F

ont

Com

mon

Ende

mic

Geo

phyt

esX

X

Rom

ulea

ram

iflor

asu

bsp.

ram

iflor

aTe

n.C

omm

onSt

eno-

Med

it.G

eoph

ytes

XX

Rosa

sem

perv

irens

L.V

ery

com

mon

Sten

o-M

edit.

Lian

aX

Rosm

arin

us o

ffic

inal

isva

r. o

ffic

inal

isL.

Ver

y co

mm

onSt

eno-

Med

it.Ph

aner

ophy

tes

X



Taxo

nA

bu

nd

ance

Ch

oro

log

ical

typ

eLi

fe f

orm

FAFS

MG

OR

Rubi

ape

regr

ina

var.

long

ifolia

(Poi

r.) R

ouy

Ver

y co

mm

onSt

eno-

Med

it.Li

ana

X

Rubu

s ul

mifo

lius

Scho

ttV

ery

com

mon

Euri-

Med

it.Li

ana

XX

Rum

ex b

ucep

halo

phor

ussu

bsp.

gal

licus

(Ste

inh.

) Rec

h f.

Ver

y co

mm

onSt

eno-

Med

it.Th

erop

hyte

sX

Rum

ex c

ongl

omer

atus

Mur

ray

Com

mon

Euro

asia

t.H

emic

rypt

ophy

tes

XX

Rum

ex c

rispu

sL.

Com

mon

Wid

e di

strib

uted

Hem

icry

ptop

hyte

sX

X

Rum

ex p

ulch

ersu

bsp.

woo

dsii

(De

Not

.) A

rcan

g.V

ery

com

mon

Euri-

Med

it.H

emic

rypt

ophy

tes

XX

Rupp

ia c

irrho

sa(P

etag

na) G

rand

eC

omm

onW

ide

dist

ribut

edH

ydro

phyt

esX

Rupp

ia m

ariti

ma

L.V

ery

rare

Wid

e di

strib

uted

Hyd

roph

ytes

X

Rusc

us a

cule

atus

L.V

ery

com

mon

Euri-

Med

it.G

eoph

ytes

X

Sagi

na a

peta

laA

rd.

Ver

y co

mm

onEu

ri-M

edit.

Ther

ophy

tes

XX

Sagi

na m

ariti

ma

G. D

onC

omm

onW

ide

dist

ribut

edTh

erop

hyte

sX

X

Sam

olus

val

eran

diL.

Com

mon

Wid

e di

strib

uted

Hem

icry

ptop

hyte

sX

X

Sang

uiso

rba

min

orsu

bsp.

bal

earic

a(B

ourg

. ex

Nym

an) M

uñoz

Gar

m. &

C. N

avar

roC

omm

onEu

ri-M

edit.

Hem

icry

ptop

hyte

sX

Scab

iosa

atr

opur

pure

ava

r. a

man

sii(

Rouy

) O. B

olòs

& J.

Vig

oV

ery

com

mon

Sten

o-M

edit.

Cha

mae

phyt

esX

Scho

enus

nig

rican

sL.

Ver

y co

mm

onW

ide

dist

ribut

edH

emic

rypt

ophy

tes

XX

Scirp

us c

ernu

usV

ahl

Com

mon

Wid

e di

strib

uted

Ther

ophy

tes

XX

Scirp

us h

olos

choe

nus

var.

hol

osch

oenu

sL.

Com

mon

Atla

ntic

Hem

icry

ptop

hyte

sX

X

Scirp

us li

ttor

alis

Schr

ad.

Ver

y ra

reW

ide

dist

ribut

edG

eoph

ytes

X

Scirp

us m

ariti

mus

subs

p. m

ariti

mus

L.C

omm

onW

ide

dist

ribut

edG

eoph

ytes

XX

Scol

ymus

his

pani

cus

subs

p. o

ccid

enta

lisF.

M. V

ázqu

ezV

ery

com

mon

Euri-

Med

it.H

emic

rypt

ophy

tes

X

Scor

piur

us s

ubvi

llosu

sL.

Ver

y co

mm

onEu

ri-M

edit.

Ther

ophy

tes

X

Sela

gine

lla d

entic

ulat

a(L

.) Sp

ring

Ver

y co

mm

onA

tlant

icC

ham

aeph

ytes

XX

Sera

pias

ling

uaL.

Ver

y co

mm

onEu

ri-M

edit.

Geo

phyt

esX

X

Sera

pias

par

viflo

raPa

rl.V

ery

com

mon

Sten

o-M

edit.

Geo

phyt

esX

Side

ritis

rom

ana

subs

p. ro

man

aL.

Com

mon

Sten

o-M

edit.

Ther

ophy

tes

X

Sile

ne g

allic

aL.

Ver

y co

mm

onW

ide

dist

ribut

edTh

erop

hyte

sX

Sile

ne s

cler

ocar

paL.

Duf

our

Com

mon

Euri-

Med

it.Th

erop

hyte

sX

Sile

ne v

ulga

ris(M

oenc

h) G

arck

e su

bsp.

vul

garis

Ver

y co

mm

onEu

ri-M

edit.

Hem

icry

ptop

hyte

sX

Sily

bum

mar

ianu

m(L

.) G

aert

n.V

ery

com

mon

Med

it.-T

uran

.H

emic

rypt

ophy

tes

X

Sisy

mbr

ium

off

icin

ale

(L.)

Scop

.C

omm

onPa

leot

emp.

Ther

ophy

tes

X

Smila

x as

pera

var.

asp

era

L.V

ery

com

mon

Euri-

Med

it.Li

ana

X



Taxo

nA

bu

nd

ance

Ch

oro

log

ical

typ

eLi

fe f

orm

FAFS

MG

OR

Sola

num

nig

rum

subs

p. n

igru

mL.

Com

mon

Wid

e di

strib

uted

Ther

ophy

tes

XX

Sole

nops

is m

inut

a(L

.) C

. Pre

slRa

reSt

eno-

Med

it.Th

erop

hyte

sX

Sonc

hus

aspe

rsub

sp. a

sper

(L.)

Hill

Com

mon

Wid

e di

strib

uted

Ther

ophy

tes

XX

Sonc

hus

oler

aceu

sL.

Ver

y co

mm

onEu

roas

iat.

Ther

ophy

tes

XX

X

Sonc

hus

tene

rrim

usL.

Ver

y co

mm

onSt

eno-

Med

it.C

ham

aeph

ytes

XX

Sper

gula

ria b

occo

nei(

Sche

ele)

Gra

ebn.

Rare

Wid

e di

strib

uted

Ther

ophy

tes

XX

Stel

laria

pal

lida

(Dum

ort.

) Piré

Ver

y co

mm

onW

ide

dist

ribut

edTh

erop

hyte

sX

X

Stip

a ca

pens

isTh

unb.

Ver

y co

mm

onW

ide

dist

ribut

edTh

erop

hyte

sX

Tam

arix

afr

ican

ava

r. a

fric

ana

Poir.

Com

mon

Sten

o-M

edit.

Phan

erop

hyte

sX

Tam

arix

gal

lica

var.

gal

lica

L.Ra

reSt

eno-

Med

it.Ph

aner

ophy

tes

X

Tam

us c

omm

unis

L.V

ery

com

mon

Euri-

Med

it.G

eoph

ytes

X

Teuc

rium

cap

itatu

msu

bsp.

maj

oric

um(R

ouy)

T. N

avar

ro &

Ros

úaV

ery

com

mon

Ende

mic

Cha

mae

phyt

esX

Teuc

rium

mar

umsu

bsp.

spi

nesc

ens

(Por

ta) V

aldé

s-Be

rm.

Ver

y co

mm

onEn

dem

icC

ham

aeph

ytes

X

Teuc

rium

sco

rdiu

msu

bsp.

sco

rdio

ides

(Sch

reb.

) Mai

re &

Pet

itm.

Ver

y ra

reEu

roas

iat.

Hem

icry

ptop

hyte

sX

X

Thym

elae

a gu

sson

eiBo

reau

Ver

y ra

reSt

eno-

Med

it.Th

erop

hyte

sX

Thym

elae

a hi

rsut

a(L

.) En

dl.

Com

mon

Sten

o-M

edit.

Phan

erop

hyte

sX

Toril

is n

odos

a(L

.) G

aert

n.C

omm

onM

edit.

-Tur

an.

Ther

ophy

tes

XX

Toril

is w

ebbi

iJur

yC

omm

onM

edit.

-Tur

an.

Ther

ophy

tes

X

Trib

ulus

terr

estr

isL.

Com

mon

Wid

e di

strib

uted

Ther

ophy

tes

XX

X

Trifo

lium

ang

ustif

oliu

mL.

Ver

y co

mm

onEu

ri-M

edit.

Ther

ophy

tes

X

Trifo

lium

cam

pest

reSc

hreb

.V

ery

com

mon

Pale

otem

p.Th

erop

hyte

sX

Trifo

lium

che

rleri

L.C

omm

onEu

ri-M

edit.

Ther

ophy

tes

X

Trifo

lium

glo

mer

atum

L.C

omm

onEu

ri-M

edit.

Ther

ophy

tes

XX

Trifo

lium

mic

rant

hum

Viv

.V

ery

rare

Pale

otem

p.Th

erop

hyte

sX

Trifo

lium

nig

resc

ens

subs

p. n

igre

scen

sV

iv.

Ver

y co

mm

onEu

ri-M

edit.

Ther

ophy

tes

XX

Trifo

lium

orn

ithop

odio

ides

L.V

ery

rare

Atla

ntic

Ther

ophy

tes

X

Trifo

lium

resu

pina

tum

L.Ra

rePa

leot

emp.

Ther

ophy

tes

X

Trifo

lium

sca

brum

L.V

ery

com

mon

Euri-

Med

it.Th

erop

hyte

sX

Trifo

lium

squ

amos

umL.

Rare

Euri-

Med

it.Th

erop

hyte

sX

Trifo

lium

ste

llatu

mL.

Ver

y co

mm

onEu

ri-M

edit.

Ther

ophy

tes

X

Trifo

lium

str

iatu

msu

bsp.

bre

vire

ns(L

ange

) Muñ

oz R

odr.

Ver

y ra

rePa

leot

emp.

Ther

ophy

tes

X



Taxo

nA

bu

nd

ance

Ch

oro

log

ical

typ

eLi

fe f

orm

FAFS

MG

OR

Trifo

lium

sub

terr

aneu

msu

bsp.

oxa

loid

esN

yman

Com

mon

Euri-

Med

it.Th

erop

hyte

sX

Trifo

lium

sub

terr

aneu

msu

bsp.

sub

terr

aneu

mL.

Com

mon

Euri-

Med

it.Th

erop

hyte

sX

Trifo

lium

suf

foca

tum

L.C

omm

onSt

eno-

Med

it.Th

erop

hyte

sX

Trig

loch

in b

ulbo

sum

subs

p. la

xiflo

ra(G

uss.

) Rou

yC

omm

onSt

eno-

Med

it.G

eoph

ytes

XX

Tris

etum

pan

iceu

m(L

am.)

Pers

.C

omm

onSt

eno-

Med

it.Th

erop

hyte

sX

Tube

raria

gut

tata

(L.)

Four

r.V

ery

com

mon

Euri-

Med

it.Th

erop

hyte

sX

X

Typh

a do

min

guen

sis

(Per

s.) S

teud

.C

omm

onTr

opic

alG

eoph

ytes

X

Urg

inea

mar

itim

a(L

.) Ba

ker

Ver

y co

mm

onSt

eno-

Med

it.G

eoph

ytes

X

Uro

sper

mum

dal

echa

mpi

i(L.

) Sco

p. e

x F.

W. S

chm

idt

Ver

y co

mm

onEu

ri-M

edit.

Hem

icry

ptop

hyte

sX

Uro

sper

mum

pic

roid

es(L

.) Sc

op. e

x F.

W. S

chm

idt

Ver

y co

mm

onEu

ri-M

edit.

Ther

ophy

tes

X

Urt

ica

mem

bran

acea

Poir.

Ver

y co

mm

onSt

eno-

Med

it.Th

erop

hyte

sX

Val

antia

mur

alis

L.V

ery

com

mon

Sten

o-M

edit.

Ther

ophy

tes

X

Ver

basc

um s

inua

tum

L.V

ery

com

mon

Euri-

Med

it.H

emic

rypt

ophy

tes

X

Ver

bena

off

icin

alis

L.C

omm

onPa

leot

emp.

Hem

icry

ptop

hyte

sX

X

Ver

bena

sup

ina

L.V

ery

rare

Sten

o-M

edit.

Hem

icry

ptop

hyte

sX

X

Ver

onic

a an

agal

loid

esG

uss.

Rare

Euri-

Med

it.H

ydro

phyt

esX

Vic

ia a

ngus

tifol

iaL.

Ver

y co

mm

onEu

roas

iat.

Ther

ophy

tes

X

Vic

ia p

arvi

flora

Cav

.C

omm

onEu

ri-M

edit.

Ther

ophy

tes

X

Vic

ia s

ativ

asu

bsp.

sat

iva

L.Ra

reEu

ri-M

edit.

Ther

ophy

tes

X

Vul

pia

geni

cula

ta(L

.) Li

nkV

ery

com

mon

Sten

o-M

edit.

Ther

ophy

tes

X

Zann

iche

llia

obtu

sifo

liaTa

lave

ra, G

arcí

a M

urill

o &

Sm

itV

ery

rare

Atla

ntic

Hyd

roph

ytes

X

Zann

iche

llia

palu

stris

L.

Com

mon

Wid

e di

strib

uted

Hyd

roph

ytes

X

Ass

ocia

te E

dito

r: S

. Cir

ujan

oR

ecei

ved:

1-I

V-2

008

Acc

epte

d: 3

-VII

-200

8

Vascular flora associated to Mediterranean temporary ponds ... · PDF fileVascular flora...

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