Variation in removal efficiency of -...
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Variation in removal efficiency of micropollutants in on-site sewage facilities studied using target and non-target analysis
Patrik L. Andersson, Kristin Blum, Jerker Fick, Peter Haglund UMU Pablo Gago-Ferrero, Lutz Ahrens, Meritxell Gros, Karin Wiberg SLU Berndt Björlenius, Gunno Renman, Wen Zhang KTH
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Poster: Pablo Gago-Ferrero et al
Kungsängsverket Large-scale WWTP
Sävjaån
River Fyrisån
Björklinge WWTP
SITE 1 Björklinge before
WWTP OSSF site-1
SITE 2 Downstream Björklinge
Small-scale WWTP
SITE 5 Uppsala
Downstream Large-scale WWTP
SITE 4 Sävjaån
OSSF site 3
SITE 7 Lake Ekoln
SITE 3 Husby
OSSF site-2
SITE 6 After Sävjaån
0 200 400 600 800
1000 1200 1400
S1 S2 S3 S4 S5 S6 S7
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o Several OSSFs monitored in Stockholm and Umeå area (Sweden)
o OSSFs main treatments: - Soil beds - Mini or package STPs - Greywaters
o OSSFs individual samples with
similar treatments were pooled o Influent and effluent samples o Medium and large STPs also
monitored.
Soil bed system
Package STPs
Sampling strategy: Stage I
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Sampling strategy: Stage II
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Analytical strategy: GC*GC-MS
Stage ISampling I
GCxGC-MS based non-target screening
Compound prioritization
Target analyte selection
Stage IIMethod development for target
analytes
Sampling II
Removal pattern analysis
Environmental load
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Analytical strategy: LC-MS
Extrac'onbySPE(OasisHLB,ENV+)
TARGETANALYSIS
Confirma(onandquan(fica(onwithreferencestandards(MS/MS,RT)
LC-HRMSanalysis
SUSPECTSCREENING
LC-MS/MS(QqQ)
Compounddatabase~1300compoundsindatabase(pes(cides,PhACs,PCPs,EDCs,
FRs,AS)26perfluoroalkylsubstances(PFASs)
110pes'cides
Validatedmethods
Listofcandidatesubstances
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Identification of priority pollutants
PBT
OSSF Source
and Use
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- Data Processing in ChromaToF - NIST Library search - Peak alignment1)
1. Filtering - Detection frequency - Blanks - Manual investigation
Tentatively identified compounds
2. Filtering - t1/2, BCF, PEC/PNEC2)
- Hazard concern2) + HPVC/LPVC/EINECS FISCHER3)
Environmental relevant compounds
- Reprocessing - Semi-quantification
Ranking Based on scores in PBT, conc and RE criteria
Selection of target analytes
~200 000 ~300
~60
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• In total 30 organic micropollutants – 9 pharmaceuticals (including caffeine) – 6 polymer/rubber additives including UV, flame
retardants, plastizisers – 4 pesticides – 3 PFAS – 3 personal care products – 2 detergents – 2 food additives – 1 surfactant
Selected priority pollutants
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Examples of priority pollutants
• PFOS • OPs • Galaxolide • Hexachlorbenzene • DEET • Probylparaben • Caffeine • Ibuprofen • Carbamazepine • Sucralose
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Fate of polar chemicals in OSSFs (Meri Gros et al)
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Fate of polar chemicals in OSSFs (Meri Gros et al)
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Pattern analysis
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Removal efficiency of apolar chemicals
*
*
2,4,7,9-Tetramethyl-5-decyn-4,7-diol
Tris(2-butoxyethyl)phosphate
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Removal efficiency vs Kow
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• A set of priority chemicals identified for studies on fate in OSSFs
• No major differences in levels between OSSFs and large STPs
• No major differences in removal efficiencies between OSSFs and large STPs
• Larger variation in removal for STPs • Better removal of hydrophobic chemicals • Removal of PFASs and PFRs was higher in
package treatment facilities while removal of PPCPs was more efficient in soil beds
Summary
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