Variant Config in Pricing

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SAP AG 1999

Contents:

Variant Configuration in Pricing

Variant Conditions in Sales & Distribution

Variant Conditions in Purchasing

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At the conclusion of this unit, you will be able to set upthe data you need to use variant conditions toinfluence pricing. For example, you will be able to:

You will gain an overview of the options for influencingpricing in sales and purchasing in variant configurationfunctions.

Variant Configuration in Pricing: Unit Objectives

Create reference characteristics

Maintain condition records

Link condition records to characteristic values

Generate pricing data via Variant ConfigurationSimulation

Use dependencies and condition records toassign values to reference characteristics

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Variant Configuration in Pricing: BusinessScenario

You are now able to configure simple and complexproducts. But, you are not finished until youprovide the necessary information to the pricingprocedure so that your configurable product ispriced according to the characteristic valuesselected.

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Pricing Conditions

Variant Configuration Knowledge Base forMaterials

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Material Master

Object DependenciesPreconditions

(PC)

Selection Conditions(SC)

Actions

(A)

Procedures

(P)

Constraints

(C)

Tables and Functions

Bill of Material

Maximum

(A, P, SC)

Variant Classes

Characteristics

(A,P,PC,SC)

Values (A,P,PC)

Pricing Conditions

Routing

Maximum(A, P, SC)

Configuration Profiles (A,C,P)

No BOM Explosion

Single Level Multi-Level

Variant Configuration Knowledge Base forMaterials (cont.)

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Sales Order Base price for - Configurable product

CustomerCustomer

MaterialMaterial

QuantityQuantity

Custom PC

Delivery on

Office Services, Inc.

surcharge/discount on:CPUCPU

Minitower

Blue

CasingCasing

ColorColor

CPU 433

KeyboardExtrasExtras

$ 910PricePrice

1 piece

10800

PC

Mouse

Modem

Base price for PC $ 700

05/10/00

Percentage/absolute

- Char. value- Combination of values

Surcharge

Surcharge

Surcharge CPU433

Minitower

Modem

Total Price

$ 40

$ 120

$ 50

$ 910

Master Data for Pricing

You can maintain a base price for a configurable material. However, the final price may also depend on the features you select for a specific variant.

The features of a configurable product are represented by characteristics and characteristic values, so you can define surcharges and discounts that are dependent on these values.

You create variant conditions in table SDCOM to define surcharges and discounts. Condition types VA00 (absolute amounts) and VA01 (percentages) are supported for variant conditions. You create variant conditions with reference to a material, a distribution channel, and a sales organization. A surcharge or discount is identified by its variant key.

You can use object dependencies to define when a surcharge or discount applies, or you allocate variant conditions to the characteristic values. You refer to the condition table in dependencies using a characteristic created with reference to table SDCOM and field VKOND for Sales and Distribution.

In dependencies, use the variant keys to assign a value to the reference characteristic.

You can assign a variant key to a characteristic value in the simulation transaction CU50. This approach will generate the code necessary to activate pricing upon saving the simulation.

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Variant Configuration

CPUCPU

Minitower

Blue

CasingCasing

ColorColor

CPU 433

KeyboardExtrasExtras

Mouse

Modem

Characteristic values:

Condition records:

Condition recordkeys:

SD: Pricing

Surcharge - CPU433

Surcharge - Minitower

Surcharge - Modem

Surcharge - CPU 433

Surcharge - Minitower

Surcharge - Modem

$ 40

$ 120

$ 50

General Information

Pricing is based on the configuration that results from assigning values to the characteristics in the sales order.

Information that identifies the condition records that are relevant to pricing is sent to Sales and Distribution (SD). The relevant records are determined in the following ways:

By links between characteristic values and condition record keys

By dependencies – a reference characteristic enters the keys of condition records in the table field for variant conditions.

The value of the percentage or absolute surcharges is determined from the table of condition records, according to the organizational levels and the material number.

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Sample Syntax for writing an object dependency:

$SELF.<reference characteristic> = ‘key of condition record’IF <conditions>

Sample Syntax using a pre-defined function:

$SET_PRICING_FACTOR ($SELF, <reference characteristic,‘key of condition record’, <numeric characteristic>)

Variant Configuration Pricing Syntax

The following examples illustrate the syntax: SURCHARGE is a reference to SDCOM-VKOND, Surcharge_xyz is a condition record key, SPEAKERS is a numeric characteristic.

$SELF.<reference characteristic> = `key of condition record´ if <conditions>

Example: $SELF.SURCHARGE = `Surcharge_xyz´ if EXTRAS eq `MODEM´ and EXTRAS eq `MOUSE´

$SET_PRICING_FACTOR ( $SELF, <reference characteristic>, `key of condition record´, <numeric characteristic>)

Example: $SET_PRICING_FACTOR ( $SELF, SURCHARGE, `Surcharge_xyz´, SPEAKERS)

Note: The $SET_PRICING_FACTOR increments the pricing condition by the value of the variable (characteristic value) multiplied by the condition key.

You assign the dependencies to the configuration profile.

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Pricing Preparations for SD

Create a reference characteristic referring to field SDCOM-VKOND for pricing in SD.

Create condition records for condition types VA00 or VA01.

The pricing procedure in SD must read condition typesVA00 and/or VA01.

Do one of the following:

Link the condition record to a characteristic value and use thesimulation procedure or

Create dependencies for assigning values to the referencecharacteristic and allocate them to condition records.

If the ratio between characteristic values and condition records is not one -to-one, you must create a reference characteristic (for example, SURCHARGE) with reference to SDCOM-VKOND.

You create condition records with condition type VA00 (absolute amounts) and/or VA01 (percentage amounts). You can use either VA01 or VA00 in pricing. You can define any key for the condition records. (Caution: the keys are case-sensitive.)

You create the one-to-one ratio between characteristic values and condition records using the user interface for configuration simulation.

You use dependencies (actions or procedures) to assign condition record keys to the reference characteristic subject to certain conditions if desired.

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Pricing in Purchasing

Purchasing procedure matches the one for SD.

Create a reference characteristic referring to field MMCOM-VKOND for pricing in Purchasing.

Maintain condition records of condition type VA00 or VA01in the purchasing info record.

You can maintain condition records in the purchasing info record for a configurable material.

The procedure is similar to the pricing process in Sales and Distribution.

The characteristic values assigned come from the sales order or the material master record (material variant). You cannot configure a material in a purchase order or purchase requisition.

To maintain condition records in a purchasing info record, choose:

Extras Variant conditions, where the variant key equals the price

You use dependencies to transfer the condition records as values to the reference characteristic that refers to the purchasing table and field MMCOM-VKOND. Also assign this reference characteristic to the variant class of the configurable material.

Use the reference characteristic in dependencies (actions or procedures) to refer to the variant conditions by entering the variant key. Assign the dependencies to the configuration profile of the purchased material.

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KMAT

PACKAGE

Purchase Requisition for

Cardboard box Plastic box

or

PACKAGE is config’ble.

Class has characteristic

PACKAGING

Values: 1- Cardboard

2 - Plastic

Sales Order…

Packaging ……

Example of Pricing in Purchasing

You cannot configure a material in the purchase order itself. You can only configure a material when you create a sales order. If you need to procure your material externally, the characteristic values assigned to the material are copied to the purchase order. You cannot change the configuration of the material in the purchase order.

If the characteristic values in the sales order are changed, the values in the purchase order are changed accordingly. However, these changes are not marked.

Process Flow

Create a sales order containing a configurable material that is procured externally. The material need not have a BOM. However, the material must have a configuration profile with an allocation to a class. The characteristics of the class are used to describe the material. Your externally procured material may be part of a BOM. Depending on the BOM explosion settings in the configuration profile, the material may be configured either independently or according to the characteristic values assigned to the BOM header material. A purchase requisition can be generated either in the sales order itself or as a result of a material requirements planning (MRP) run. The purchase requisition contains the characteristic values that were assigned to the material in the sales order. The purchase requisition is converted to a purchase order. The purchase order contains the characteristic values that were assigned to the material in the sales order. When you print the purchase order the characteristic values are printed with it.

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Variant Configuration in Pricing: Unit Summary

Pricing of configurable materials for both SD andPurchasing can be accomplished in variantconfiguration.

You can use surcharges and discounts thatdepend on the characteristic values assigned tocontrol pricing in sales or purchasing.

To do this, you create condition records.

You assign these condition records tocharacteristic values, or use a characteristic thatrefers to the table-field for variant conditions toassign the values (prices).

Variant tables may also be used for pricing.

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Exercises

Unit: Variant Configuration in Pricing

Topic: Modeling Value-Dependent Pricing

At the conclusion of this exercise, you will be able to:

Maintain variant pricing conditions that adjust the price according to the value assigned to the characteristic.

In our modeling task, you want to use variant configuration for pricing. You define and use a basic price and value-dependent surcharges. You will apply this concept to the configurable item in a sales order as well as generate a purchase order for purchasing a configurable material.

1-1 You want the price of the PC to depend on the type of casing selected. The basic price of the PC with Desktop is 700 (Uni, US dollars, German marks, etc.). You want the price to increase by the following amounts if the other casing types are selected:

80 for the Minitower

120 for the Tower

Maintain a base price of 700, or any value, for your PC.

From the variant configuration menu choose:

Environment Pricing Create Condition

Enter the following:

Field Name or Data Type Values

Condition Type

Key Combination

Sales Organization

Distribution Channel

PR00 and press enter

Material…

1000

10

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1-2 Check the effect of the base price by creating a sales order.

Enter the following data:


Order Type

Sales Organization


Division

Sold To

Ship To

PO Number

Material

Quantity

OR

1000

10

00

1000

1000

Your Choice

T-VPC##

1

Note the net price of the sales order once you have configured your product. Assign different casing values and observe what happens to the net price value.

Exit sales order entry without saving your sales order.

1-3 You should have observed that no change occurred since there are no variant conditions defined. You are now to define those conditions.

Create the following variant conditions:


Condition Type

Sales Organization


Material

Variant Name/Price

Variant Name/Price

VA00

1000

10

T-VPC##

MT / 80

TW / 120

Save your condition records.

1-4 Link the characteristic values of the casing to the corresponding condition records. This is accomplished via configuration simulation on the value assignment screen. Select the desired characteristic value; select the pricing icon; enter the condition name; save the linkage.

1-5 Check the effect of your generated pricing procedure by creating a sales order. Follow the sales order creation activity identified in the earlier exercise. Note the net price.

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1-5-1 Assign different casing characteristic values in the sales order and observe how the net price value changes.

Note that the variant pricing method should apply to all materials that have a choice via characteristic value assignment during a configuration. You may want to experiment with pricing other materials as defined in your PC at your convenience.

1-6 (Optional) You now want to set up a variant pricing method for the purchasing of a variant configurable material. To accomplish this, you must first define the required master data and then write the necessary object dependencies to perform the pricing.

1-6-1 Create a new semi-finished configurable material T-VBX## by copying from material T-VBX00. Use the following data when necessary:


Material Number

Material Type

Industry Sector

Plant

Sales Organization


Division

T-VBX##

Semi-finished

M

1200

1000

10

00

Select the following views for the copy: Basic Data 1, 2; Sales Org. Data 1, 2; Sales General/Plant; Purchasing; MRP 1, 2, 3, 4; Accounting 1.

1-6-2 Define a base price (PR00) of 100 for your material T-VBX##.

1-6-3 Create a reference characteristic MMVK_##.

Additional Data


Table Name

Field Name

MMCOM

VKOND

1-6-4 Create a variant configurable class (300), name your class as desired. The new class must contain the reference characteristic defined above and a new characteristic T_990_800_## to describe a type of packaging material that you are to purchase.

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Use the following suggested data for the characteristic:


Characteristic Name

Characteristic Description

Characteristic Group

Status

Format / Length

Headings

T_990_800_##

Packaging Type

T-##

Released

CHAR / 2

Your Choice

Use the following suggested data for the characteristic values:


01 - Cardboard

02 - Wood

03 - Metal

04 - Plastic

1-6-5 Define the variant condition keys for the configurable purchased material. To accomplish this use the following path:

Logistics Materials Management Purchasing Master Data Info Record Create

Enter the following values:


Vendor Number

Purchasing Organization

Plant

1000

1000

1200

Then follow menu:

Extras Variant Conditions

Enter the following condition names and values using VA00:


B##01

B##02

B##03

B##04

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11

50

-10

When needed, enter a net price of 100, save the condition records.

Record the number of the purchasing information record created.

____________________________________________________

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1-6-6 Write a pricing procedure and allocate it to the configuration profile for T-VBX##.

You must create a configuration profile for T-VBX##. Use the profile for your PC as a guide line but do not copy it.

Create the pricing procedure using the following data:


Dependency Name

Dependency Type

Dependency Group

MM_PRICE_##

Procedure

T-##

Once you are in the syntax editor, write the pricing procedure syntax, check the syntax, and save it. Make sure it is released and then allocate the procedure to your configuration profile for T-VBX##.

Syntax:

$self.MMVK_## = ‘B##01’ if $self.T_990_800_## = ‘01’, $self.MMVK_## = ‘B##02’ if $self.T_990_800_## = ‘02’, etc.

1-6-7 To test the variant purchasing conditions; create a sales order for the package item T-VBX##.



Order Type

Sales Organization


Sold To

Ship To

PO Number

Material

Quantity

OR

1000

10

1000

1000

Your Choice

T-VBX##

1

Select one of the package type values on the value assignment screen. Save the sales order created; and record the number _______.

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1-6-8 Review the stock requirements list for T-VBX##. There should be a requirement for the packaging material. Run a standard single-item, single-level MRP for T-VBX## and upon its completion review the stock requirements list again. There should now be a planned order created to satisfy the sales order demand.

1-6-9 Convert the planned order for the package into a purchase requisition. Save the purchase requisition. Convert the purchase requisition into a purchase order. During this conversion process you should see the net price adjusted by the price of the selected packaging material chosen during the sales order creation process. You may also want to check the item conditions to see the appropriate entries in the pricing condition table.

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Solutions

Unit: Variant Configuration in Pricing

Topic: Modeling Value-Dependent Pricing

1-1 You want the price of the PC to depend on the type of casing selected. The basic price of the PC with Desktop is 700 (Uni, US dollars, German marks, etc.). You want the price to increase by the following amounts if the other casing types are selected:

80 for the Minitower

120 for the Tower

Maintain a base price of 700, or any value, for your PC.

Logistics Central Functions Variant Configuration Environment Pricing Create Conditions

Enter the following:


Condition Type

Key Combination

Sales Organization


PR00 and press enter

Material…

1000

10

1-2 Check the effect of the base price by creating a sales order.

Logistics Sales and Distribution Sales Order Create



Order Type

Sales Organization


Division

Sold To

Ship To

PO Number

Material

Quantity

OR

1000

10

00

1000

1000

Your Choice

T-VPC##

1

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Press Enter. The value assignment screen is activated for entry

Note the net price of the sales order once you have configured your product. Assign different casing values and observe what happens to the net price value.

Exit sales order entry without saving your sales order.

1-3 You should have observed that no change occurred since there are no variant conditions defined. You are now to define those conditions.


Create the following variant conditions:


Condition Type

Sales Organization


Material

Variant Name/Price

Variant Name/Price

VA00

1000

10

T-VPC##

MT / 80

TW / 120

Save your condition records.

1-4 Link the characteristic values of the casing to the corresponding condition records. This is accomplished via configuration simulation on the value assignment screen. Select the desired characteristic value; select the pricing icon; enter the condition name; save the linkage.

Configuration Simulation: Value Assignment

F4 on the Characteristic: T_990_010_## (Casing)

Select the value Press button Condition, enter variant condition

Save

1-5 Check the effect of your generated pricing procedure by creating a sales order. Follow the sales order creation activity identified in the earlier exercise. Note the net price.


1-5-1 Assign different casing characteristic values in the sales order and observe how the net price value changes.

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Note that the variant pricing method should apply to all materials that have a choice via characteristic value assignment during a configuration. You may want to experiment with pricing other materials as defined in your PC at your convenience.

1-6 (Optional) You now want to set up a variant pricing method for the purchasing of a variant configurable material. To accomplish this, you must first define the required master data and then write the necessary object dependencies to perform the pricing.

1-6-1 Create a new semi-finished configurable material T-VBX## by copying from material T-VBX00. Use the following data when necessary:

Logistics Production Master Data Material Master Material Create Special or General …


Material Number

Material Type

Industry Sector

Plant

Sales Organization


Division

T-VBX##

Semi-finished

M

1200

1000

10

00

Select the following views for the copy: Basic Data 1, 2; Sales Org. Data 1, 2; Sales General/Plant; Purchasing; MRP 1, 2, 3, 4; Accounting 1.

1-6-2 Define a base price (PR00) of 100 for your material T-VBX##.


1-6-3 Create a reference characteristic MMVK_##.

Logistics Central Functions Classification Master Data Characteristic Create

Additional Data


Table Name

Field Name

MMCOM

VKOND

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1-6-4 Create a variant configurable class (300), name your class as desired. The new class must contain the reference characteristic defined above and a new characteristic T_990_800_## to describe a type of packaging material that you are to purchase.

Logistics Central Functions Classification Master Data Class Create

Enter the class type and class name and relevant data

Save

Logistics Central Functions Classification Master Data Characteristic Create

Use the following suggested data for the characteristic:


Characteristic Name

Characteristic Description

Characteristic Group

Status

Format / Length

Headings

T_990_800_##

Packaging Type

T-##

Released

CHAR / 2

Your Choice

Use the following suggested data for the characteristic values:


01 - Cardboard

02 - Wood

03 - Metal

04 - Plastic

Save the characteristic.

To add the two characteristics to the class

Logistics Central Functions Classification Master Data Class Change

Enter the class data and select the pushbutton Characteristic

1-6-5 Define the variant condition keys for the configurable purchased material. To accomplish this use the following path:

Logistics Materials Management Purchasing Master Data Info Record Create

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Enter the following values:


Vendor Number

Purchasing Organization

Plant

1000

1000

1200

Then follow menu:

Extras Variant Conditions

Enter the following condition names and values using VA00:


B##01

B##02

B##03

B##04

-33

11

50

-10

After entering the above, save.

Then when needed, enter a net price of 100, save the condition records.

Record the number of the purchasing information record created. _______________

1-6-6 Write a pricing procedure and allocate it to the configuration profile for T-VBX##.

You must create a configuration profile for T-VBX##. Use the profile for your PC as a guideline but do not copy it.

Create the pricing procedure using the following data:

Logistics Central Functions Variant Configuration Dependency Single Dependency Create


Dependency Name

Dependency Type

Dependency Group

MM_PRICE_##

Procedure

T-##

Once you are in the syntax editor, write the pricing procedure syntax, check the syntax, and save it. Make sure it is released and then allocate the procedure to your configuration profile for T-VBX##.

Syntax:

$self.MMVK_## = ‘B##01’ if $self.T_990_800_## = ‘01’, $self.MMVK_## = ‘B##02’ if $self.T_990_800_## = ‘02’, etc.

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1-6-7 To test the variant purchasing conditions; create a sales order for the package item T-VBX##.




Order Type

Sales Organization


Sold To

Ship To

PO Number

Material

Quantity

OR

1000

10

1000

1000

Your Choice

T-VBX##

1

Select one of the package type values on the value assignment screen. Save the sales order created and record the number _______.

1-6-8 Review the stock requirements list for T-VBX##. There should be a requirement for the packaging material. Run a standard single-item, single-level MRP for T-VBX## and upon its completion review the stock requirements list again. There should now be a planned order created to satisfy the sales order demand.

Logistics Production MRP Evaluations Stock/Requirements List

Logistics Production MRP Planning Single-Item, Single-Level

1-6-9 From the stock/requirements list display convert the planned order for the package into a purchase requisition. Save the purchase requisition. Convert the purchase requisition into a purchase order. During this conversion process you should see the net price adjusted by the price of the selected packaging material chosen during the sales order creation process. You may also want to check the item conditions to see the appropriate entries in the pricing condition table.

All of these activities can be performed from the display of the stock/requirements list. Double click on the planned order and in the resulting window select the pushbutton to convert to a purchase requisition. Refresh the display to see the requisition number. Double click on the requisition to convert it into a purchase order.

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Variant Config in Pricing

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