Vanessa Rauland PhD Candidate Curtin University ... · PDF fileVanessa Rauland PhD Candidate...
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Vanessa Rauland PhD Candidate Curtin University Sustainability Policy (CUSP) Institute
Transcript of Vanessa Rauland PhD Candidate Curtin University ... · PDF fileVanessa Rauland PhD Candidate...
Vane
ssa
Raul
and
PhD
Can
dida
teCu
rtin
Uni
vers
ity
Sust
aina
bilit
y Po
licy
(CU
SP)
Inst
itut
e
1.Ci
ties
and
the
Bui
lt E
nvir
onm
ent
2.Pr
ecin
ct s
cale
car
bon
abat
emen
t
3.Ba
rrie
rs &
Ince
ntiv
es t
o lo
w c
arbo
n
deve
lopm
ent
4.O
verv
iew
of
ARC
proj
ect
5.Ac
cred
itin
g ur
ban
deve
lopm
ent
6.Fu
rthe
r re
sear
ch
Citi
es a
hug
e co
nsum
er o
f re
sour
ces
•Ove
r2/
3of
pri
mar
y en
ergy
dem
and
glob
ally
•Up
to 7
0%of
GH
G’s
�Ba
sed
on
cent
ralis
edin
fras
truc
ture
�El
ectr
icit
y�
Wat
er
�W
aste
Clim
ate
Chan
ge,
Peak
Oil,
Res
ourc
e de
plet
ion…
�Cl
into
n Cl
imat
e In
itia
tive
& C
40
�Ca
rbon
Dis
clos
ure
Proj
ect
(CD
P)
�W
orld
May
ors
Coun
cil o
n Cl
imat
e Ch
ange
�Ci
ties
for
Clim
ate
Prot
ecti
on (
CCP)
�
ICLE
I –(In
tern
atio
nal C
ounc
il fo
r Lo
cal E
nvir
onm
enta
l In
itia
tive
s)
�U
rban
& R
egio
nal C
arbo
n M
anag
emen
t
�Fe
dera
l�
Sola
r ci
ties
�$8
0 m
illio
n fo
r lo
w c
arbo
n co
mm
unit
ies
�Ca
rbon
Tru
st
�En
ergy
Eff
icie
ncy
Trus
t�
$80
mill
ion
fund
ing
�St
ate
�ZE
N –
Zero
Ene
rgy
Nei
ghbo
urho
ods
(VIC
)
�Li
ving
Sm
art
�Lo
cal
�IC
LEI –
Carb
on N
eutr
al�
Stir
ling
City
Red
evel
opm
ent
�Sy
dney
Gre
en T
rans
form
ers
Build
ings
=
23%
of
emis
sion
s
Abun
dant
ene
rgy
effi
cien
t ab
atem
ent
oppo
rtun
itie
s in
bui
lt
envi
ronm
ent
McK
inse
y &
Co.
200
8, A
SBEC
200
9, C
limat
e W
orks
201
0
�BR
EEAM
CO
MM
UN
ITIE
SBR
E En
viro
nmen
tal A
sses
smen
t M
etho
d U
K
�LE
ED N
D
Lead
ersh
ip in
Ene
rgy
& E
nvir
onm
enta
l Des
ign
-N
eigh
bour
hood
Dev
elop
men
t U
SA
�G
BCA
COM
MU
NIT
IES
Gre
en B
uild
ing
Coun
cil o
f Au
stra
lia (
unde
r de
velo
pmen
t)
�CA
TSS
repo
rt o
n co
mm
unit
y sc
ale
sust
aina
bilit
y to
ols
Iden
tifi
ed t
he n
eed
for
“ene
rgy
effi
cien
t hu
bs”
Why
thi
s fo
cus?
1. S
cale
of
com
mun
ity
2. S
cale
of
deve
lope
rs
3. S
cale
of
emer
ging
te
chno
logi
es
�Fe
wer
/no
tran
smis
sion
loss
es
�Le
ss d
eman
d on
gri
d
�Re
liabi
lity
of s
uppl
y�
Div
erse
sou
rces
of
pow
er
�G
reat
er e
ffic
ienc
ies
-w
hen
com
bine
d
�G
reat
er c
omm
unit
y aw
aren
ess
of
reso
urce
con
sum
ptio
n
Sola
ror
ient
atio
nan
d w
alka
ble
desi
gn
TOD
Des
ign
-ba
sed
arou
nd
tran
spor
t
Gre
enro
ofs
&
faca
des
Re-u
se o
f gr
eyw
ater
Med
ium
to
larg
e sc
ale
co-
&
tri-
gene
rati
on –
prov
idin
g el
ectr
icit
y, h
eati
ng a
nd
cool
ing
to lo
cal a
rea
Smal
l sca
le
rene
wab
leen
ergy
Reco
very
&
utili
zati
on o
f w
aste
to
ener
gy
Inte
llige
ntbu
ildin
gs –
auto
mat
icfu
ncti
ons
Live
ene
rgy
mon
itor
ing,
IHD
’s,
smar
t m
eter
s &
in
telli
gent
gri
ds
Recy
cled
, re
-us
ed a
nd
rene
wab
lem
ater
ials
…W
hy a
ren’
t w
e do
ing
it?
Hig
h ca
pita
l cos
t (l
ong
payb
ack
peri
ods)
Split
ince
ntiv
es
Firs
t m
over
di
sadv
anta
ge
Long
er a
ppro
vals
pr
oces
sPo
licy
& p
rici
ng
unce
rtai
nty
Lack
of
info
rmat
ion
Ener
gy m
arke
t ba
rrie
rs
Barr
iers
to
carb
on n
eutr
al
com
mun
itie
s
�G
over
nmen
t to
lead
�En
ergy
Ser
vice
Com
pani
es (
ESCO
’s)
to m
anag
e
syst
ems
�Pr
oper
ty A
sses
sed
Clea
n En
ergy
(PA
CE)
fina
ncin
g
�D
ereg
ulat
e th
e en
ergy
mar
ket
�Re
war
d ea
rly
mov
er -
prov
ide
ince
ntiv
es…
�“G
reen
doo
r” -
fast
tra
ck a
ppro
vals
pro
cess
�La
nd T
ax e
xem
ptio
ns
Hel
ps r
educ
e ri
sk t
o de
velo
per
& e
nsur
e de
sire
d ou
tcom
es a
re a
chie
ved
ESCO
iden
tifi
es e
nerg
y ef
fici
ency
op
port
unit
ies
wit
hin
a pr
ecin
ct
Appl
y fo
r ap
prov
al t
o lo
cal c
ounc
il
If a
ppro
ved,
ESC
O a
pplie
s fo
r fu
ndin
g th
roug
h fi
nanc
ier
wit
h pa
ybac
k be
ing
prov
ided
th
roug
h in
crea
sed
land
rat
es f
or o
wne
rs
Allo
ws
upfr
ont
capi
tal c
osts
to
be s
prea
d ov
er
20 y
ears
or
so w
ith
inve
stm
ent
cost
s be
ing
atta
ched
to
prop
erty
rat
her
than
to
a pe
rson
“Pro
pert
y as
sess
ed
Clea
n En
ergy
” Fi
nanc
ing
�In
nova
tion
s re
quir
e a
gove
rnm
ent
fram
ewor
k
�Id
eals
wit
hout
sub
stan
ce le
ad t
o cr
edib
ility
is
sues
…So
if d
evel
opm
ents
can
ach
ieve
/dem
onst
rate
in
nova
tion
, ca
n it
be
reco
gnis
ed?
�G
reen
Sta
r Co
mm
unit
ies
(und
er d
evel
opm
ent)
�En
viro
deve
lopm
ent
(UD
IA)
�SP
eAR
(ARU
P)
�LE
SS (
Has
sell)
�IS
AP (
CSIR
O)
�SS
IM (
AECO
M)
�PR
ECIN
X (L
andc
om)
Gre
atfo
r ra
ting
sus
tain
abili
ty!
–bu
t fe
wac
tual
ly m
easu
re t
he s
peci
fic
carb
onco
nten
t or
em
issi
on s
avin
gs
The
need
for
a q
uant
itat
ive
carb
on a
sses
smen
t fr
amew
ork…
Aust
ralia
n In
stit
ute
of L
ands
cape
Arc
hite
cts,
201
0
Adam
Bec
k, 2
010
“Wha
t is
the
nat
iona
l st
anda
rd f
or c
alcu
lati
ng
gree
nhou
se g
as e
mis
sion
s in
de
velo
pmen
t pr
ojec
ts?
It
does
n’t
exis
t.”
The
need
to
alig
n ca
rbon
em
issi
on d
ata
colle
ctio
n fo
r co
mpa
rabi
lity
Laur
en H
aas,
201
0
“Wha
t is
tha
t da
ta?
Who
rep
orts
it
and
wha
t’s
the
com
para
bili
ty?
That
’s t
he p
robl
em in
in
dust
ry r
ight
now
… T
here
’s n
ot a
n in
tern
atio
nal
stan
dard
. It
doe
sn’t
mea
n a
lot
if
som
ebod
y el
se i
s do
ing
it c
ompl
etel
y di
ffer
ent…
that
’s w
hat
busi
ness
rea
lly
need
s”
No
univ
ersa
l com
preh
ensi
ve
fram
ewor
k fo
r ca
lcul
atin
g G
HG
em
issi
ons
asso
ciat
ed w
ith
urba
n de
velo
pmen
t…
�D
evel
opm
ents
aro
und
wor
ld c
laim
ing
all
sort
s of
thi
ngs…
�m
ost
com
mon
ly ‘
carb
on
neut
ralit
y’
�Bu
t w
hat
emis
sion
s ar
e ca
lcul
ated
?�
Ope
rati
onal
em
issi
ons?
�
Full
life
cycl
e?
And
a cr
ack
dow
n by
th
e AC
CC!
NPQ
-a
prim
e ex
ampl
e of
th
e ne
ed f
or a
fra
mew
ork
for
calc
ulat
ing
emis
sion
s
Aim
: To
deve
lop
a na
tiona
l car
bon
neut
ral a
ccre
dita
tion
sche
me
for u
rban
and
regi
onal
land
dev
elop
men
t, w
hich
can
be
use
d to
influ
ence
pol
icy
deci
sion
s an
d as
sist
Aus
tralia
in
the
trans
ition
to a
low
car
bon
futu
re
1. U
rban
Re
deve
lopm
ent
& S
ubdi
visi
ons
2. U
rban
New
D
evel
opm
ent
11111 R &
URB
AN
3. R
emot
e Ab
orig
inal
Com
mun
itie
s
4. M
inin
g Ca
mps
REG
ION
AL
5. A
ccre
dita
tion
, Po
licy
&
Gov
erna
nce
1.Co
nstr
ucti
on2.
Embo
died
ene
rgy
in m
ater
ials
3.O
pera
tion
al e
nerg
y4.
Wat
er5.
Was
te6.
Tran
spor
t7.
Dec
omm
issi
onin
g?
Dis
trib
uted
infr
astr
uctu
re v
ersu
s co
nven
tion
al s
uppl
y
�N
atio
nal
Carb
on O
ffse
t St
anda
rd
and
the
Carb
on N
eutr
al P
rogr
am
Gui
deli
nes
�Re
plac
ed G
reen
hous
e Fr
iend
ly
�La
rgel
y ba
sed
on t
he C
PRS
�Br
ings
cre
dibi
lity
to c
once
pt
�G
ener
al s
teps
in g
aini
ng
cert
ific
atio
n�
Mea
sure
em
issi
ons
�W
rite
an
EMP
outl
inin
g re
duct
ions
�O
ffse
t em
issi
ons
etc
�5
year
acc
redi
tati
on p
erio
d
Resp
onsi
bilit
ies
&
‘sco
pes’
in e
mis
sion
s (s
imila
r fr
amew
ork
to
NG
ERS)
All e
mis
sion
s as
soci
ated
wit
h de
velo
pmen
t
�Re
gard
less
of
carb
on n
eutr
alit
y, s
till
need
dec
arb
fram
ewor
k…
�A
fram
ewor
k &
met
hodo
logy
can
:
1.H
elp
to a
sses
s de
carb
onis
atio
nm
easu
res
2.H
elp
to c
ompa
re c
arbo
n cl
aim
s –
ACC
C
3.A
llow
for
inc
enti
ves/
rew
ards
4.Pr
ovid
e ba
sis
for
futu
re c
arbo
n/en
ergy
eff
icie
ncy
trad
ing
sche
mes
5.A
llow
s se
ctor
tar
gets
to
be d
evel
oped
�O
ngoi
ng r
epor
ting
cri
tica
l to
dete
rmin
e su
cces
s of
mea
sure
s
�In
vest
igat
e w
ho s
houl
d be
res
pons
ible
for
ac
cred
itat
ion
& o
ngoi
ng r
epor
ting
�D
evel
op s
peci
fic:
�
Met
hodo
logy
for
asse
ssin
g/ca
lcul
atin
g em
issi
ons
and;
�G
uide
lines
and
tips
incl
udin
g:�
Fina
ncin
g op
tion
s�
How
to
enco
urag
e co
llab
orat
ion
betw
een
mul
tipl
e pl
ayer
s�
Ow
ner/
occu
pier
arr
ange
men
ts�
Ince
ntiv
es f
or l
ow c
arbo
n de
velo
pmen
ts
�In
vest
igat
e ca
rbon
tra
ding
opp
ortu
niti
es f
or t
he
built
env
iron
men
t
