Vancouver Style Mar11

7/29/2019 Vancouver Style Mar11

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Last updated March 2011

This guide is primarily for students do ing assignments at Curtin University. It is anintroduction to the Vancouver referencing style. For further information on this style ofreferencing, consult:

International Committee of Medical Journal Editors. Uniform requirements for manuscriptssubmitted to biomedical journals.This is available online at: http://www.icmje.org/

Citing Medicine: the NLM style guide for authors, editors, and publishers http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/bookshelf/br.fcgi?book=citmed University of Western Australia Vancouver Referencing Guide

http://libguides.library.uwa.edu.au/vancouver

For a comprehensive guide and for those who are publishing, please refer to the American MedicalAssociations publication manual:

AMA manual of s ty le: a guide for authors and editors. 10th

ed. New York: Oxford University Press;2007.

What is Referencing?

Referencing is a standardised method of acknowledging sources of information and ideas that you have usedin your assignment in a way that uniquely identifies their source. Direct quotations, facts and figures, as well as

ideas and theories, from both published and unpublished works, must be referenced.

There are many acceptable forms of referencing. This information sheet provides a brief guide to theVancouver referencing style. The Vancouver style of referencing is predominantly used in the medical field.When referencing your work in the Vancouver style, it is very important that you use the right punctuation andthat the order of details in the reference is also correct. In this style, the journal titles used in the references areabbreviated from an authoritative list (see below). A reference list at the end of the assignment contains the fulldetails of all the in-text citations.

Steps involved in Referencing

1. Note down the full bibliographic details including the page number(s) from which the information is taken. 2. Insert the citation at the appropriate place within the text of the document (see examples below). 3. Provide a reference list at the end of the document (see examples below).

In-Text Citations

In the Vancouver style, a consecutive number is allocated to each reference as it is cited for the first time in thetext of the assignment This number becomes the unique identifier of that source and if the source is cited

It is very important that you check your department's or school's assignment guide as somedetails, e.g. punctuation, may vary from the guidelines on this page and the above sources dodiffer on some points. You may be penalised for not conforming to your school 's requirements.

CURTIN UNIVERSITY LIBRARY

VANCOUVER

REFERENCING


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What is a Reference/Citation?

A reference or citation consists of elements that allow the reader to trace the original book, article orwebsite you have consulted and cited. Here are some examples in the Vancouver referencing style.

Book

Journal artic le from a database

Website

How to Create a Reference List

In the Vancouver style, the reference list is arranged numerically in the order in which references are citedin the text. Book and journal titles are not italicised or placed in quotation marks. J ournal titles areabbreviated. A list of abbreviations for the titles is available online. Connect to PubMed athttp://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/, click on "J ournals in NCBI Databases" and then enter the full journaltitl t i it bb i ti

Perrie, Y, Rades, T. Pharmaceutics: drug delivery and targeting.London:Pharmaceutical Press; 2010.

Author Book title Place of publication

Publisher Year

Wilkinson D, Rman G, Salloway S, Hecker J , Boundy K, Kumar D, et al.The long-term efficacy andtolerability of donepezil in patients with vascular dementia. Int J Geriatr Psychiatry [Internet]. 2010[cited 2010 Mar 4]; 25(3):305. Available from: Wiley Interscience

AuthorsTitle of journal article

Year

Title of journal(abbreviated)

Issue

Volumenumber

Database you accessedarticle fromPage number

Date youaccessed

article

Type ofpublication

Diabetes Australia. Understanding diabetes [Internet]. c2010[updated 2010 Jan 1; cited 2010 Mar 4].Available from: http://www.diabetesaustralia.com.au/en/Understanding-Diabetes/.

Author Date you accessed webpageDate website

was last updated

URL of webpage

YearType of

publicationTitle

Place of publication: If the book is published in a well-known city, there is no need to indicate country inwhich this city is located. Examples of well-known cities are London, New York, Paris, Tokyo, Toronto,

Melbourne and Sydney. If the book is published in a city or town that is not well-known, add the country where

the city or town is located. Place the country in brackets, as shown in these examples: Kyoto (Japan), Chicago

(USA), Winnipeg (Canada), Broome (Australia), Liverpool (England).


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Examples of Referencing

Books In-Text Example Reference List Example EndNote X4 (which reference type?)

Single author The theory was first propounded in2003 by Hoppert1 that OR

new techniques in biotechnology.1

1. Hoppert M. Microscopic techniques inbiotechnology. Weinheim (Germany): Wiley-VCH; 2003.

Book

Add country after place of publication ifrequired (see note page 2) in thePublisherfield

2 6 authors new practice in pharmaceutics.2

OR

Langley and Belcher2have stated

2. Langley CA, Belcher D. Applied pharmaceuticalpractice. London: Pharmaceutical Press; 2009.

Book

More than 6authors

Finite model theorycan be used.3 3. Gradel E, Kolaitis PG, Libkin L, Marx M, Spencer J ,Vardi MY, et al. Finite model theory and its applications.Berlin: Springer; 2007.

Book

No author highlights why health and physicaleducation are important.4

4. Health and physical education. Perth (Australia):Department of Education and Training; 2005.

Book


Multiple works bysame author

Research methods indicate thatisimportant.5,6

[If not previously cited]

5. Liamputtong P. Qualitative research methods. 3rded. South Melbourne: Oxford University Press Australia andNew Zealand; 2009.

6. Liamputtong P. Researching the vulnerable: aguide to sensitive research methods. London: Sage; 2007.

Book

Put 3rd in the Edition field

Editor is the most comprehensive work onthe subject.7

7. Allsop S, editor. Drug use and mental health:effective responses to co-occurring drug and mental healthproblems. East Hawthorn (Australia): IP Communications;2008.

Edited Book

Add country after place of publicationif required (see note page 2) in thePublisherfield


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Different Editions The latest preferred styleexample ofgood writing technique.8

8. Renton NE. Compendium of good writing. 3rd ed.Milton (Australia): J ohn Wiley & Sons; 2004.

An edi tion number is placed after the ti tle of the work -this is not necessary for a first edition.

Book


Encyclopaedia orDictionary

is defined as 9 9. Dorland's illustrated medical dictionary. 30th ed.Philadelphia (USA): Saunders; 2003. Hemacrome; p. 823.

Include the definition l ooked up in this caseHemacrome.

Book

Put Hemacrome in theAccession Numberfield, 823 in the Number ofPages field

Article or chapterin a book

As discussed by Hanlon10 10. Hanlon GW. Fundamentals of mircobiology. In:Aulton ME, editor. Aulton's pharmaceutics: the design andmanufacture of medicines. 3rd ed. New York: ChurchillLivingstone; 2007. p. 182-204.

Book Section


Article or chapterin a book noauthor

are important in a health setting.11 11. Values in public health. In: Pencheon D, Guest C,Mezler D, Gray J , editors. Oxford handbook of public healthpractice. Oxford (England): Oxford University Press; 2001.p. 112-7.

Book Section

Add country after place of publicationif required (see note page 2) in thePublisherfield

E-book Fields12 work on the topic 12. Field T, American Psychological Association.

Complementary and alternative therapies research[Internet]. Washington, D.C.: American PsychologicalAssociation; 2009 [cited 2010 Mar 3]. Available from:American Psychological Association.

Electronic Book

Put Internet in the Type of Mediumfield, 2010 Mar 3 in the DateAccessed field, AmericanPsychological Association in the Nameof Database field

Pamphlet According to the Department ofHealth13

13. Department of Health. Food for kids [pamphlet].Perth (Australia): Department of Health, Government ofWestern Australia; 2005.

Pamphlet

Put pamphlet in the Type of Workfield


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Thesis As discussed by Dalwadi14 14. Dalwadi G. Development issues of polymericnanoparticles for drug delivery [dissertation]. Perth

(Australia): Curtin University of Technology; 2008.

Thesis

Put dissertation in the Thesis Typefield

ConferenceProceeding

This was also discussed at theconference.15

15. Simopoulos AP, editor. Nutrition and fitness:obesity, the metabolic syndrome, cardiovascular disease,and cancer. International Conference on Nutrition andFitness; 2004 J un 9-12; Basel (Switzerland): Karger; 2005.

Conference Proceedings

Put International Conference onNutrition and Fitness in theConference Name field, 2004 Jun 9-12 in the Year of Conference field,

2005 in theDate

field

Image in a book The illustration insulin secretion andmembrane transport processes 16

16. Silverthorn DU. Human physiology: an integratedapproach. 4th ed. San Francisco (USA): PearsonEducation; 2009.

Book

Put 4th in the Edition field

Print Journals In-Text Example Reference List Example EndNote X4 (which reference type?)

Article As mentioned by Ivanov, Swann andIllidge17 lymphoma is

17. Ivanov A, Swann R, Illidge T. New insights into themechanisms of action of radioimmunotherapy in lymphoma.

J Pharm Pharmacol. 2008; 60(8):987-998.

J ournal Article

Article noauthor

The growing online medicines markethighlights a new trend...18

18. The growing online medicines market. Health andHyg. 2008; 29(3):11.

J ournal Article

Newspaperarticle withauthor

focused only on the poor.19

19. Cresswell A. Dentists favour focus on poor over auniversal scheme. The Australian. 2009 Dec 7; 8.

Newspaper Article

Put 2009 in the Yearfield, Dec 7 in

the Issue Date field, 8 in the Pagesfield


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Newspaperarticle no

author

Researchers are now investigating...20 20. Woman with rare illness shuns world. The WestAustralian. 2010 Mar 3; 19.

Newspaper Article

Put 2010 in the Yearfield, Mar 3 inthe Issue Date field, 19 in the Pagesfield

Press release As stated by the company21

21. Watersmith C. BHP enters new era [press release].Melbourne: BHP Limited; 2000 Mar 1.

Generic

Put press release in the Type of Workfield, 2000 Mar 1 in the Date field

ElectronicJournals

In-Text Example Reference List Example EndNote X4 (which reference type?)

Full text from anelectronicdatabase

The efficacy of donepezil22 22. Wilkinson D, Rman G, Salloway S, Hecker J ,Boundy K, Kumar D, et al. The long-term efficacy andtolerability of donepezil in patients with vascular dementia.Int J Geriatr Psychiatry [Internet]. 2010 [cited 2010 Mar 4];25(3):305. Available from: Wiley Interscience.

J ournal Article

Put Internet in the Type of Art iclefield, 2010 Mar 4 in theAccess Datefield, Wiley Interscience in theNameof Database field

Full text from anelectronicdatabase noauthor

Hepatitis B can affect 23 23. Hepatitis B vaccination in prisons: a much-neededtargeted universal intervention. Addiction [Internet]. 2010[cited 2010 Mar 4]; 105(2):189. Available from: Proquest.

J ournal Article

Put Internet in the Type of Art iclefield, 2010 Mar 4 in theAccess Datefield, Proquest in the Name ofDatabasefield

Full textnewspaper,newswire or

magazine froman electronicdatabase noauthor

enduring backlash againstvaccination.24

24. Lancet spikes autism report. The Australian[Internet]. 2010 [cited 2010 Mar 4] Feb 4. Available from:Factiva.

Newspaper Article

Put Internet in the Type of Artic le

field, 2010 Mar 4 in theAccess Datefield, Factiva in the Name ofDatabasefield


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Full text from theinternet

Local health planning can be usedto25

25. Coelho A. Integrating local health planning: usingpartnerships to address health inequalities. Aust J Prim

Health [Internet]. 2009 [cited 2010 Mar 9]; 15(4):272-273.Available from:http://www.publish.csiro.au/nid/261.htm?nid=262&issue=5217.

For long URLs, break the URL at a slash if necessary.

J ournal Article

Put Internet in the Type of Articl efield, 2010 Mar 9 in theAccess Date field, URL in the Nameof Database field

Article fromCurtin E-Reserve

The food and nutrition policy isimportant in26

26. Woods B, Campbell C, Miller M, Lilburne AM.Aboriginal food and nutrition policy for Western Australia.Health Promot J Austr [Internet]. 1998 [cited 2010 Mar 4];8(1):64-65. Available from: Curtin University Library E-Reserve.

J ournal Article

Put Internet in the Type of Articlefield, 2010 Mar 4 in theAccess Date field, Curtin UniversityLibrary E-Reserve in the Name ofDatabasefield

CochraneReview

Interventionis important for27 27. Haynes RB, Ackloo E, Sahota N, McDonald HP,Yao X. Interventions for enhancing medication adherence.Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews [Internet]. 2008[cited 2010 Mar 4]. Available from: Wiley Interscience.

J ournal Article

Put Cochrane Database of SystematicReviews in the Journal field, Internet

in the Type of Articl e field, 2010 Mar4 in theAccess Date field, WileyInterscience in theName of Databasefield.

World WideWeb


Document onWWW

Diabetes can affect 28 28. Diabetes Australia. Understanding diabetes[Internet]. Canberra (Australia): Diabetes Australia; c2010[updated 2010 Jan 1; cited 2010 Mar 4]. Available from:http://www.diabetesaustralia.com.au/en/Understanding-Diabetes/.


Web Page

Put Internet in the Type of Mediumfield, 2010 J an 1 in the Last UpdateDate field, 2010 Mar 4 in theAccessDate field


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Document onWWW no

article title

Curtin University of Technology29launched an improved version of their

homepage.

29. Curtin University of Technology [Internet]. Perth:Curtin University of Technology; c2010 [updated 2009 J an

30; cited 2010 Mar 4]. Available from:http://www.curtin.edu.au.

Web Page

Put Curtin University of Technology intheTitle field, Internet in the Type ofMedium field, 2010 J an 30 in the LastUpdate Date field, 2010 Mar 4 in theAccess Datefield

Document onWWW Noauthor

are warning signs of heart attack.30 30. Heart attack [Internet]. Melbourne: Better HeartChannel; 2010 [updated 2010 Mar 1; cited 2010 Mar 4].Available from:http://www.betterhealth.vic.gov.au/bhcv2/bhcarticles.nsf/pages/Heart_attack_explained.


Web Page

Put Internet in the Type of Medium

field, 2010 Mar 1 in the Last UpdateDate field, 2010 Mar 4 in theAccessDate field

Document onWWW No date

A link between these conditions hasbeen noted by McCook31.

31. McCook A. Pre-diabetic condition linked to memoryloss [Internet]. Mississiauga (Canada):PreventDisease.com; [cited 2010 Mar 4]. Available from:http://preventdisease.com/news/articles/pre-diabetic_memory_loss.shtml.


Web Page

Put Internet in the Type of Mediumfield, 2010 Mar 4 in theAccess Datefield

Image on theweb

The image of the bacteria cell structureshows32

32. Florida State University, Davidson MW. Cells alive[Internet]. Tallahassee (USA): Florida State University;c2010 [updated 2009 May 31; cited 2010 Mar 4]. Available

from: http://micro.magnet.fsu.edu/cells/bacteriacell.html.

Web Page

Put Internet in the Type of Mediumfield, 2009 May 31 in the Last UpdateDate field, 2010 Mar 4 in theAccessDate field

GovernmentPublications


Acts ofParliament

The Misuse of Drugs Act highlights theneed33

33. Misuse of Drugs Act 1981 [statute on the Internet].2011 [cited 2011 Feb 23]. Available from:http://www.slp.gov.au.

Web Page

Put statute on the Internet in the Typeof Medium field, 2010 Mar 4 in theAccess Date field


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Cases State-federal relations in this issuewere tested in court as far back as

191534

34. The State of New South Wales v. TheCommonwealth (1915) 20 CLR 5.

Case

Put The State of New South Wales v.The Commonwealth in theCase Namefield, 1915 in the Year decided field,20 CLR 5 in theAbbreviated CaseNamefield

AustralianBureau ofStatistics Bulletin

change from the figures published in2003 by the Australian Bureau ofStatistics35.

35. Australian Bureau of Statistics. Disability, ageingand carers, Australia: summary of findings. Canberra(Australia): ABS; 2003. ABS publication 4430.0.

Book

Put ABS publication 4430.0 in theAccession Numberfield.

AustralianBureau ofStatistics fromABS website

as is highlighted by the ABS 36 intheir 2004-05 figures.

36. Australian Bureau of Statistics. Diabetes inAustralia: a snapshot 2004-05 [Internet]. 2006 [cited 2010Mar 4]; ABS publication 4820.0.55.001. Available from:http://www.abs.gov.au.

Web Page

Put Internet in the Type of Mediumfield, 2010 Mar 4 inAccess Date field,ABS publication 4820.0.55.001 in theAccession Numberfield

Census

Information

information is reflected in the 2006

census.37

37. Australian Bureau of Statistics. Census of

population and housing: B01 selected characteristics (Firstrelease processing) postal area 6050 [Internet]. 2006 [cited2010 Mar 4]. Available from:http://www.censusdata.abs.gov.au/.

Web Page

Put Internet in Type of Medium.

GovernmentReports

a new strategic framework.38 38. Health Department of Western Australia. WesternAustralian health promotion strategic framework 2007-2011.Perth (Australia): Health Department of Western Australia;2007.

Report

Put Health Department of WesternAustralia in the Institution field

Patent US Patent 60960367.39 39. Mulier PMJ , Hoey MF, inventors; Medtronic, Inc.,assignee. Tissue sealing electrosurgery device andmethods of sealing tissue. United States patent 6096037.2000 Aug 1.

Patent

Put Medtronic, Inc. in theAssigneefield, 6096037 in the InternationalPatent Numberfield, 2000 in the Yearfield, Aug 1 in the Datefield


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Online Standard from Standards Australia40. 40. Standards Australia. Medicine measures - glass[standard online]. 2009 [cited 2010 Mar 4]; AS 2224.1-2009.

Available from: Standards Australia Online.

Web Page

Put standard online in the Type ofMedium field, 2010 Mar 4 in theAccess Date field AS 2224.1-2009 intheAccession Numberfield,Standards Australia Online in the URLfield

SecondarySources

In-Text Example Reference List Example EndNoteX4 (which reference type?)

Book Guy41

discusses Newmans research inhis work 41. Guy J S. Pharmacology for the prehospitalprofessional. St. Louis (USA): Mosby/Elsevier; 2010.

Record the book that you actually used.

Book


Journal article Harty42 refers to the work of Bray andMurphy in his article

42. Harty RN. No exit: targeting the budding process toinhibit filovirus replication. Antiviral Res [Internet]. 2009[cited 2010 Mar 4]; 81(3):189-197. Available from: WileyInterscience.

Record the journal that you actually used.

J ournal Article

Put Internet in the Type of Art iclefield, 2010 Mar 4 in theAccess Date field, Wiley Intersciencein the Name of Databasefield

Other Sources In-Text Example Reference List Example

Personalcommunication,e-mail,discussion lists(no web archive)

This was later confirmed (Savieri S1999, personal communication, April24) that an outbreak occurred inLondon at this time.

Not included in reference list as they cannot be tracedby the reader.

Lecture notes This concept was discussed bySmith43...

43. Smith K. Nature and scope of knowledge[unpublished lecture notes]. 12159: KnowledgeManagement Principles 513, Curtin University ofTechnology; lecture given 2010 Mar 4.

Unpublished work

Put unpublished lecture notes in theType of Work field, number and nameof unit in Series Title field, 2010 Mar 4in theAccess Date field


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Films andvideorecordings

as seen in J enkins44 film, TheSavages.

44. J enkins T, director. The Savages [motion picture].Pyrmont (Australia): Roadshow Entertainment; 2008.

Film or Broadcast

Put motion picture in the Mediumfield,Roadshow entertainment in thePublisherfield


Television andradioprogrammes

the issue of stem cells isinvestigated.45

45. Stem cells in the brain [television broadcast].Catalyst. Sydney: ABC; 2009 Jun 25.

Film or Broadcast

Put Catalyst in the Series title field,television broadcast in the Mediumfield, 2009 in the Year Released field,J un 25 in the Date Released field

Podcast .is highlighted in Breast cancer andchemicals.46

46. Breast cancer and chemicals [podcast on theInternet]. Sydney: ABC Radio National; 2010 [cited 2010Mar 4]. Available from:http://www.abc.net.au/rn/healthreport/stories/2010/

2831089.htm.


Web Page

Put podcast on the Internet in the Typeof Medium field, 2010 Mar 4 in the

Access Date field


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Blog post andreply

an issue which is discussed onBernsteins47 blog.

is commented on in the blog. 48

47. Bernstein M. Bioethics discussion blog [Internet].Los Angeles: Maurice Bernstein. 2004 J ul - [cited 2010

May 27]. Available from:http://bioethicsdiscussion.blogspot.com/.

48. Elizabeth. Comments on: The choice for yourprofessional career: nurse vs doctor 2010 Apr 22 [cited2010 May 27]. In: Bernstein M. Bioethics discussion blog[Internet]. Los Angeles: Maurice Bernstein. 2004 J ul .Available from: http://bioethicsdiscussion.blogspot.com/.

Blog

Put Internet in the Type of Mediumfield, Jul in the Date field, 2010 May27 in theAccess Date field

Put 2010 Apr 22 in theAccess Yearfield, 2010 May 27 in theAccess Datefield, In: Bernstein M in the Editorfield, Internet in the Type of Medium,2004 in the Yearfield, J ul . in theDate field

Then manually move the date cited[cited 2010 May 27]. as per example.

See note on page 13

Video blog post

(e.g. You Tube)

The video produced by CurtinUniversity of Technology49 highlights

49. Curtin University of Technology. Sona: pharmacy atCurtin University [video on the Internet]. 2010 May 5 [cited2010 May 27]. Available from:http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BkNkqqJ GN01.

Blog

Put video on the Internet in the Typeof Medium field, May 5 in the Date

field, 2010 May 27 in theAccessDate field

Web streamingvideo

this relationship is crucial.50 50. Silverstein O. Mothers and sons: the crucialconnection [web streaming video]. Hanover (USA):Microtraining Associates; 2005 [cited 2010 May 27].Available from:http://ctiv.alexanderstreet.com.dbgw.lis.curtin.edu.au/View/536289.

Web Page

Put web streaming video in the Typeof Medium field, 2010 May 27 in theAccess Date field

CD-ROM in Andersons electronic atlas ofhematology.51

51. Anderson SC, Poulsen KB. Anderson's electronicatlas of hematology [CD-ROM]. Philadelphia (USA):Lippincott Williams and Wilkins; 2002.

Computer Program

Put CD-ROM in the Type field



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Discussion list As stated by Ramirez52 52. Ramirez AG. NPM1 gene mutation in AML. In:AML-Listserv [discussion list on the Internet]. New York:

Association of Cancer Online Resources; 2007 J an 12[cited 2007 J an 14].

Web Page

Add full stop to the title. Put In: AML-Listserv in theSeries Title field,discussion list on the Internet in theType of Medium field, 2007 J an 12 inthe Yearfield, 2007 J an 14 in theAccess Date field

It is very important that you check your department's or schoo l's assignment guide as some details, e.g. punctuation, may vary from the guidelines on thispage. You may be penalised for not conforming to your school's requirements.

EndNote users, please note: Make any manual changes when you have finished creating your reference list with EndNote or convertyour word document to plain text by clicking on the drop down arrow at Convert Citations and Bibliography and selecting Convert toPlain text, then make your changes in the new document this will create. Failure to follow this procedure will result in manual changesbeing lost, and the references reverting to their original form once the reference list is updated with any new entries.

Vancouver Style Mar11

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