UW EXTENSION

CERTIFICATE PROGRAM INGAME DEVELOPMENT

2ND QUARTER:ADVANCED GRAPHICS2D Rendering

Goals

1. Learn the basic states used in 2D rendering

2. See how to render 2D images on the screen

3. Review the fixed function pixel pipeline

D3D CallsSetRenderState Sets a variety of states global to D3D (there are

many)

SetPixelShader Selects how to express per-pixel calculations

SetFVF Sets the format of the vertices

SetTexture Sets a texture image (there can be more than one)

SetSamplerState Selects how the texture will be sampled from

SetTextureStageState

Selects how the texture values will be used

Clear Fills a region of the screen to a single value

DrawPrimitiveUP Initiates the actual drawing

Typical global configuration Disable Z-buffering and stencil

SetRenderState(D3DRS_ZENABLE, D3DZB_FALSE); SetRenderState(D3DRS_ZWRITEENABLE, FALSE); SetRenderState(D3DRS_CULLMODE, D3DCULL_NONE);

Disable pixel shader (will use the texture stage states)

SetPixelShader(NULL);

Normal shading and no culling SetRenderState(D3DRS_CULLMODE, D3DCULL_NONE);

Typical global configuration (cont.)

Enable alpha-blending SetRenderState(D3DRS_SEPARATEALPHABLENDENABLE, FALSE); SetRenderState(D3DRS_ALPHABLENDENABLE, TRUE); SetRenderState(D3DRS_SRCBLEND, D3DBLEND_SRCALPHA); SetRenderState(D3DRS_DESTBLEND, D3DBLEND_INVSRCALPHA); SetRenderState(D3DRS_BLENDOP, D3DBLENDOP_ADD);

Disable alpha-testing SetRenderState(D3DRS_ALPHATESTENABLE, FALSE);

Basic primitive: the rectangle Create the vertices

Vertex const vertices[4] = { { 20, 20, 0, 1, … }, { 100, 20, 0, 1, … }, { 20, 100, 0, 1, … }, { 100, 100, 0, 1, … }, };

Set up the vertex format (must match the data!) SetFVF(D3DFVF_XYZRHW | …);

And render DrawPrimitiveUP(D3DPT_TRIANGLESTRIP, 2, vertices,

sizeof(vertices[0]));

Textures Select the texture image:

SetTexture(0, pTexture);

Select the sampling settings: SetSamplerState(0, D3DSAMP_MINFILTER, D3DTEXF_LINEAR); SetSamplerState(0, D3DSAMP_MAGFILTER, D3DTEXF_LINEAR); SetSamplerState(0, D3DSAMP_MIPFILTER, D3DTEXF_LINEAR); SetSamplerState(0, D3DSAMP_ADDRESSU,

D3DADDRESS_CLAMP); SetSamplerState(0, D3DSAMP_ADDRESSV,

D3DADDRESS_CLAMP);

Texture calculations Perform custom calculations for every pixel. For instance:

SetTextureStageState(0, D3DTSS_COLOROP, D3DTOP_MODULATE); SetTextureStageState(0, D3DTSS_COLORARG1, D3DTA_TEXTURE); SetTextureStageState(0, D3DTSS_COLORARG2, D3DTA_CURRENT); SetTextureStageState(0, D3DTSS_ALPHAOP,

D3DTOP_SELECTARG1); SetTextureStageState(0, D3DTSS_ALPHAARG1, D3DTA_CURRENT); SetTextureStageState(0, D3DTSS_TEXCOORDINDEX, 0);

Disable the first one that’s not needed SetTextureStageState(1, D3DTSS_COLOROP, D3DTOP_DISABLE); SetTextureStageState(1, D3DTSS_ALPHAOP, D3DTOP_DISABLE);