ESCUELA: CIENCIAS DE LA EDUCACION MENCION INGLES

NOMBRES

EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH II

FECHA:

Lic. Alba Vargas Saritamaabvargas@utpl.edu.ec

ABRIL – AGOSTO 2009

1

SECOND BIMESTERWhat is our goal?

Understand how to carry out a research proposal. Differentiate the parts of a research report and its components. Know some basic guidelines for writing

a research report. Carry out a bibliographical investigation

and write a theoretical background.

Didactic materials

Printed didactic materials Guide Technological didactic materials EVA e-mail videoconference telephone

3

Research Gay & Airasian (2003)

Cn

Research ----- way of finding out ANSWERS to ---Questions?????

4

RESEARCH

Research Problem (topic)

5

English language learning

English learning as a foreign language in Ecuador

Factors that influence on the learning of English as a foreign language in Ecuador

The influence of the native language on learning English in public high schools in the city of Quito

Narrow topic

English language learning

English learning as a foreign language in Ecuador

Factors that influence on the learning of English as a foreign language in Ecuador

The influence of the native language on learning English in public high schools in the city of Quito

Narrow topic This topic still needs to me more narrow.

6

7

1.Write the theoretical background

(Seek for information sources: books, magazines, journal articles, web pages)

The theoretical background or literature review must contain themes, concepts, theories, previous researches closely related to the researched topic or problem.

2. Conduct the filed research (investigation)

STAGE 2 : CONDUCT THE RESEARCH

8

HOW TO CONDUCT THE RESEARCH

1. Writing the theoretical background /literature review

Seek for information about definitions, theories, previous studies (closely related to the topic or problem that help to support your study).

Evaluate the sources from where you take the information.

Write your own theoretical background. Cite properly

9

Do not copy paragraphs or articles textually. That is PLAGIARISM

It must have

coherence: the text must flow smoothly. (Transitional words and phrases)

cohesion: reflect the use of well-constructed grammatical structures.

Do not copy paragraphs or articles textually. That is PLAGIARISM.

10

Report writing: exam-type task. (planning- drafting, and review)- students discuss questions in pairs or groups- students start planning for the report- they match a typical four-paragraph sequence with what might be written in each of the four paragraphs- they match their notes to the paragraphs- edit reports

Write your own research report

Quotation:

Paraphrasing Summarizing

Avoid Plagiarism

2. HOW TO CONDUCT THE FIELD RESEARCH

The field investigation guides the researcher to get the results.

It depends on the type of research planned.

The researcher has to apply the METHODS, TECHNIQUES and INSTRUMENTS ( included in the research proposal)to gather the field information in order to demonstrate the hypothesis.

12

The instruments you use to collect the information must be well-designed and be based on the objectives of the research.

Check the variables and indicators set in the proposal.

13

After you collect data, you have to tabulate the results and present them in charts.

14

3. The discussion section After you have tabulated and organized the

results in charts, you have to analyze and interpret them in order to draw conclusions.

According to the framework adopted by the UTPL, the DISCUSSION section contains:

15

RESEARCH REPORT

Introduction

A research paper (a piece of academic writing)

Abstract

TitleThe format adopted by the Universidad Tecnica Particular de Loja

Methodology

Results

Discussion

References

Annexes

Theoretical background Analysis and Interpretation of results Conclusions

The Title

The title should reflect content and emphasis of the project in the report (essential key words)

Single page

17

Abstract Presents a summary of the topic and the

major finding of the research. They are usually 100- 150 but in the UTPL

format it is one page long. It must contain:

18

- The researched topic - The place - Population and sample

- Methods and instruments

- Major results

EXAMPLE To illustrate I have taken and example of

a research article taken from EFL ASIAN JOURNAL (http://www.asian-efl-journal.com/June_09_lm.php)

Engineering Lectures in a Second Language:What Factors Facilitate Students’ Listening Comprehension? By Lindsay Miller

19

AbstractThis paper presents data from a large-scale ethnographic study into the perceptions, concerns, and preferred lecturer strategies of one group of Hong Kong second-language (L2) engineering students who were attending lectures given in English. Although such investigations often focus purely on the ‘problem’ dimensions students have when listening to lectures, there are aspects to the lecture event which students identify as aiding their listening comprehension. These positive dimensions of lectures are the focus of this paper, and were identified using journals, interviews, and focus groups, and categorized under language features and pedagogical features. The data presented also suggests that lecturers need to adopt specific lecturing strategies in order to make the content materials more accessible to this type of student. (Miller, 2009)

Keywords: listening, lectures, ethnography, engineering L2

students.   

20

Introduction

The introduction must be well-written and motivates the reader to continue reading.

It describes clearly but briefly the background of the problem, highlights the importance of the study and the objective that guided the research.

21

The introduction must contain:

Methodology

The methodology represents the “how” of a research.

23

History of the research done

Place and participants (characteristics)

Research design

How the data was tabulated, processed and analyzed

Techniques and instruments, materials

METHODOLOGY

Methodological design

Methods : Descriptive, deductive, bibliographical, comparative, historical etc.

Techniques: surveys, note-taking, interview

Instruments: direct observation, questionnaires, cards

24

Results

The results section has relevant data and findings summarized in qualitative and quantitative charts. Tabulate the information.

25

THEME:

NATIVE LANGUAGE INTERFERENCE IN LEARNING ENGLISH AS A FOREIGN LANGUAGE: AN ANALYSIS OF WRITTEN MATERIAL PRODUCED BY SPANISH SPEAKING STUDENTS IN SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL CLASSES.

26

27

RESULTSCuantitative resultsChart One

Variable: Grammar Structures

Indicator: Adjectives

Author:………………

Type of text Most common errors Examples (2 a 5)

Composition

PositionPluralization

The car red is mine They are beatifuls men

Story

Essay

Quiz

Cuantitative results

28

Most common errors

Composition Story Essay Quiz

F % F % F % F %

Position 6 37.5%

Pluralization 10 62.5%

Total 16 100%

Chart …Variable: Grammar StructuresIndicator: Adjectives

Source: …………….

Author:……………….

29

DISCUSSION

Literature review or theoretical background

Analysis and interpretation of results: Interpret the results and research as a

whole and discuss the relationship of your findings to earlier research.

Support your analysis with the literature review.

30

Present it in a logical way consider the audience

Present your idea from general to specific ones ( from certain to uncertain)

Consider also how the data addresses the research problem

31

Conclusions

A conclusion is a very short section that does not introduce new ideas

Conclusions summarize findings in a clear and concise way

32

Include all the sources reviewedOrder the list alphabetically Books Journals Magazines Electronic sources, etc

33

References or bibliography

Suggestions forREFERENCE/BIBLIOGRAPHY

Use the style adopted by the institution or the APA style which is internationally approved.

Write the references in alphabetical order

Be careful, the information must come from a reliable source.

Use updated bibliography (5 years )34

Example Arnold, J. and M.C. Fonseca Mora. (2004).

“Multiple Intelligence Theory and Foreign Language Learning: A Brain-based Perspective” in IJES, International Journal of English Studies vol. 4 (1), pp. 119-136.

Brown, H. D. (1994). Principles of Language Learning and Teaching. New Jersey: Prentice Hall Regents.

Burstall, C. (1975) "Factors affecting foreign‑language learning: a consideration of some relevant research findings". Language Teaching and Linguistics Abstracts 8: 105‑125.

35

Annexes (Appendices)

Contains information that is relevant to the researched problem but does not fit in the main body of the report to avoid interrupting the line of development of the report.

36

Formal aspectsThe research report must be: Totally in English Reflect good written style, grammar. Typed (bookman Old Style 12) Margins

37

3cm

4cm 2. 5cm

2.5cm

QUESTIONS?????

38

THANKS

39

40