Utility-Based Adaptive Video Streaming Mechanisms

Computer NetworksLaboratory

Utility-Based Adaptive Video Streaming Mechanisms

Paolo V. EncomiendaNestor Michael C. TiglaoUniversity of the Philippines

Network Research WorkshopJuly 17, 2006

APAN Singapore

Value-Based Adaptive Video Streaming Mechanisms

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Outline

Introduction Value-Based Utility Framework Objectives Results Conclusions and Future Work


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Multimedia Applications

Highly sensitive to end-to-end delay and delay jitter but can tolerate occasional data loss

Should be able to maximize available bandwidth and handle dynamic delay jitter and loss rate.

RTP and RTCP provide QoS support but do not guarantee QoS


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Quality of Service (QoS)

Ability of the system to satisfy the service requirements of a network application

Requires the cooperation of many components along the end-to-end path

Many approaches: admission control, buffer management, packet classification, traffic shaping, packet scheduling


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Value-Based UtilityDefinition (C. Festin, 2005)


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Value-Based UtilityActual Range of Utility Values


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Video Streaming

Video delivery through file download require long download times and large storage spaces

Simultaneous delivery and playback of video Splits the video into parts, transmits the

video in succession, and plays the video as these parts are received


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MPEG Format

Uses JPEG-like compression techniques• I (intra frames) – coded independently, serve as

base or reference frames

• P (predicted frames) - coded based on a previously coded frame

• B (bidirectional predicted frames) - coded using both previous and future coded frames


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MPEG Group of Pictures (GoP)


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Objectives

Develop adaptive video streaming mechanisms• Frame control

• Admission control

• Queuing disciplines • First-In, First-Out (FIFO)

• Priority Queuing (PRIQ)


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Design


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Value-Based UtilityActual Range of Utility Values

k, threshold


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Network Setup

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Video Streaming Server

`

`

Video Streaming Clients

ALTQ Router

`

Video streams

RR Calculate utility from

RTCP Receiver

Reports (RR)

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Send utilities to ALTQ

router

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ALTQ router performs adaptive

scheduling

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Traffic Mix

High expectation flows (HEFs), p=0.99 Medium expectation flows (MEFs), p=0.90 Low expectation flows (MEFs), p=0.80


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Frame Controller

Adaptive frame dropping


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FIFO Loss Adaptation (HEFs)


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FIFO Loss Adaptation (MEFs)


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FIFO Loss Adaptation (LEFs)


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FIFO Jitter Adaptation (HEFs)


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FIFO Jitter Adaptation (MEFs)


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FIFO Jitter Adaptation (LEFs)


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PRIQ Loss Adaptation

LEFs w/oframe control

LEFs withframe control

HEFs andMEFs


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Admission Controller

Adaptive packet remarking• Raise the priority of low expectation flows when

high priority flows have higher utilities than their thresholds

Dropper• If at least one flow is unhappy, reject any new

connection


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Without Frame Controller

LEFs w/oadmission

control

LEFs w/admission

control

HEFs

MEFs w/admission

control


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With Frame Controller

HEFs andMEFs

LEFs w/admission

controlLEFs w/admission

control


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Conclusions

VBU is effective in developing adaptive video streaming applications

The frame control and admission control mechanism improved the quality of video streaming


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Future Work

Explore other queuing mechanisms which provide fairer treatment

Enhance the feedback mechanism Extend the work to multi-hop networks


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Thank you very much!

Any questions?

Utility-Based Adaptive Video Streaming Mechanisms

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