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UNITED STATES NUCLEAR REGULATORY COMMISSION

Protecting People and the Environment

DOCKETEDUSNRC

May 16,2007 (4:05pm)

OFFICE OF SECRETARYRULEMAKINGS AND

ADJUDICATIONS STAFF

North Anna ESP HearingTopic 4- Radiological Releases

and Doses from NormalOperations

NRC Staff Presentation .I

Greg A. Stoetzel, PNNL-Healt Physics-,Jean-Claude F. Dehmel, NRC--Health-Physics-

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ýU.S.NRCSmTATES NUCLEAR RULATORY COMMISSION

Protecting People and the Environnwnt

Discussion Topics

e Description of Radiological Environment* Regulatory Review* Effluent Source Term

* Exposure Pathways* Dose Estimates

* Uncertainties in Dose Estimates° Radiological Environmental Monitoring Program

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•U.S.NRCMfMSTATES NUCLEA FXGUlATORY COhMSI'

Description of Radiological Environment

• Radiological Environmental Monitoring Program -

since 1976" Preoperational monitoring program" Measures - air, milk, crops, soil, well water, surface

water, fish, sediments, ambient radiation" REMP updated based on land use" Results reported annually" Doses to maximally exposed individual less than

regulatory standards

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k-lU.S.NRCUrE)STATES NUCLEAR REGULATORY COMMISSION

Protecting People and the Environment

Review of Regulations

* 10 CFR Part 20

* 10 CFR Part 50* Overview of Dose and

Concentration Limits

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,ý!'USNRCZNEDSTATES NUCLEAR REGULATORY COMMSIN

Protecting People and ghc Environmtent

10 CFR Part 20 Regulations Overview

* Section 20.1301- Dose limits for members of the public

* Section 20.1302 - Compliance methods with dose limits

* Section 20.1301(e) - Compliance with EPA 40 CFR Part 190Standards

* Section 20.1301 (f) - Provisions for NRC to impose additionalrestrictions on radiation levels in unrestricted areas

Section 20.1501- Conducf of radiological surveys to assess hazards

* Part 20, Appendix B, Table 2 - Effluent concentration limits

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ii! -U.S.NRCU~FDSTATES NUCLEAR REGUATORY COMMSIN

Protecting People and the Environment

10 CFR Part 50 Regulations Overview

Section 50.34a - Description of equipment and procedures tocontrol radiological effluent releases, including ALARA

Section 50.36a - Requires technical specifications to comply withdose limits of Section 20.1301 and Part 50 App. I designobjectives

* Part 50, Appendix A, General Design Criteria (GDC):

SGDC 60 - Control effluent releases to the environment

> GDC 61 - Provide systems to ensure safety during plant operation

> GDC 64 - Monitor all releases of radioactive materials

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SU.S.NRCUTED STATES NUCLEAR RE•U•ATORY COMMISSION

Protecting People and the Enwironnment

10 CFR Part 50 Regulations Overview

Part 50 Appendix I - Numerical Guides and Design Objectives

- Sect. II.A - Defines design objectives for liquid effluents- Sect. 1I.B and C - Define design objectives for airborne effluents- Sect. II.D - Requires cost-benefit analysis of radwaste systems- Sect. III - Requires conformity with design objectives demonstrated

by calculations and use of local site-specific data- Sect. IV - Establishes a surveillance and monitoring program,

requires data on measurable levels of radiation, identify changes inland-use in unrestricted areas, and includes a provision where NRCmay modify allowable effluent releases

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U.S.NRCUNTDSTATES NUCLEAR REGiULATORY COMMSSO

Protectin~g People and thteEnvirounment

10 CFR Part 50 Regulations Overview

Part 50 Appendix I - Operational Effluent Control ProgramsOffsite Dose Calculation Manual (ODCM) - Describes methods for

controlling releases (RETS/SREC), and estimating doses to public

> Radiological Environmental Monitoring Program (REMP) - Describes thetypes of environmental samples and analyses conducted to assessradioactivity and radiation levels in unrestricted areas

> Program requirements and guidance:> NUREG-1301(PWR) and NUREG-1302 (PWR), NUREG-0133 (PWR and BWR),

1979 Branch Technical Position, Generic Letter 89-01, Regulatory Guide 1.206, andChapter 11.5 of the Standard Review Plan (NUREG-0800)

> Yearly Reports - Annual Radiological Environmental Operating Report, and theAnnual Radioactive Effluent Release Report

> Notification criteria & recordkeeping requirements:Part 20 (Subpart M), Section 50.72, Part 50.73, and Part 50.75(g)

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/r U.S.NRC•rME STATES NUCLE RULATOR COMMISoN

Protecting People and the Environment

Overview of 10 Part 20 and Part 50 Dose and Concentration Limits

Regulations Effluent/Source Pathway Organ Dose (mrem/yr)

Part 20, App. B Liquid and All All Nuclide conc. limitsGaseous

Section 20.1301 All All Whole body 100

Part 50, Liquids All Total body 3Appendix I,Design All Any 10Objectives

Gaseous All Total body 5

All Skin 15

lodines & Part. All Any 15

Gaseous Gamma air dose' o/a 10 mrad/yr

Beta air dose n/a 20 mrad/yr

40 CFR Part 190 All All Total 25/25

Dose Standards body/Organ

All All Thyroid 75

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SFU.S.NRCUNTDSTATES NUCLEAR REGULATORY COMMISION

Effluent Release Source Term

" PPE source term- ABWR, AP1 000, ACR-700, ESBWR

- Other designs assumed bounded

" Liquid effluent source term- Revised tritium source term

- 3100 Ci/yr to 850 Ci/yr- Lake Anna tritium concentrations less than EPA

drinking water standard

° Gaseous effluent source term- Reactor

- Unit 3 wet cooling tower (216 Ci/yr - tritium)

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U.S.NRCUNTDSTATES NUCLEAR REGUIATORY COMMISSION

Exposure Pathways to Public

" Direct radiation exposure - negligible- Generic Impact Statement on License Renewal (NUREG-1437)- PPE reactor designs - at least as protective

" Liquid pathway- Discharge canal to WHTF to Lake Anna- Ingestion of aquatic food- Ingestion of drinking water- Exposure to shoreline sediment- Exposure to water through boating, swimming

" Gaseous pathway- From reactor- From Unit 3 wet cooling tower (tritium release)

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•U.S.NRCU~WSTATES NUCLA EU LAO CMISO

Pmroticng People and the Enviroment

Doses from Liquid Effluents

" LADTAP II (NRCDOSE version 2.3.5)* PPE Source Term" Reviewed site-specific parameters

" Estimated total body and maximum organdose to MEI per unit

" Compared results to:- Applicant's results

- 10 CFR Part 50, Appendix I - Design Objectives

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Protecting People and the Environmnent

Liquid Pathway Doses to MaximallyExposed Individual (per Unit)(generated from EIS, Table 5-8, p. 5-62)

Pathway Total Body Dose Maximum Organ(adult) Dose (bone, child)

Aquatic Foods 0.58 mrem/yr 2.45 mrem/yr(fish, invertebrates)

Drinking Water 0.20 mrem/yr 0.027 mrem/yr

Shoreline Use, 0.031 mrem/yr 0.031 mrem/yr

Swimming, Boating

Total 0.81 mrem/yr 2.5 mrem/yr(Design Objectives) (3 mrem/yr) (10 mrem/yr)

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•U.S.NRCUNTDSTATES NUCLEAR REGLCATORY COMM1SMION

ProIeachng People and t"s Envarvnment

Doses from Gaseous Effluents

" GASPAR II (NRCDOSE version 2.3.5)" PPE Source Term/Tritium Release from Unit 3 Wet Cooling

Tower* Reviewed site-specific parameters* Estimated doses at nearest site boundary, nearest

vegetable garden, nearest meat cow per unit" Estimated doses from Unit 3 Cooling Tower (tritium

release)° Comlpared results to:

- Applicant's results- 10 CFR Part 50, Appendix I - Design Objectives

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U.S.NRCUID STATES NUC.LAR REGULATORY COMMMIESON

Protecting People and the Environment

Gaseous Pathway Doses to Maximally ExposedIndividual (generated from EIS, Table 5-9, p. 5-63)

Location Pathway Total Body Thyroid Skin(mrem/yr) (mrem/yr) (mrem/yr)

Nearest Site Plume 2.1 - 6.2Boundary

Inhalation (adult) 0.3 1.6 -

Inhalation (child) 0.27 2.3 -

Nearest Garden Vegetable 1.1 13.1 -Consumption(child)

Nearest Plume 1.4 - 4.0Residence

Inhalation (teen) 0.2 1.3 -

Inhalation (child) 0.18 1.5

Nearest Meat Meat 0.079 0.17Cow consumption

(child)

.7

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ýU.S.NRCUMDSTAMl NUCLEAR RGLTR O

Protecting Peopl and the Environmnent

Impacts to Members of Public

• Dose estimates within DesignObjectives (per unit)

" Comparison to 40 CFR Part 190Dose Limits- Whole body (25 mrem/yr) - 6.8 mrem/yr- Thyroid (75 mrem/yr)- 27 mrem/yr

- Organ (25 mrem/yr) - 12 mrem/yr

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UNITE.D STATSN CLERPGUTOYCMISON

ProuCfing People and the Enivirnment

Uncertainties in Dose Estimates

" Regulations have no statistical reliabilityassociated with them

" Sources of Uncertainty in Dose Estimates- Source Term- Atmospheric dispersion factors

- Liquid dilution flow- Food chain transport values

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ýU.S.NRCjj UNrED STATES NUCLEAR REGULATORY COMMESO

Protectisg People antd thEnvironment

Summary of Radiological Impacts

" Exposure to the public- Estimated doses to public within

regulatory design objectives andstandards

- No observable health impacts to public

* Conclusion - radiological impactsfrom operation would be SMALL

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?U.S.NRCUNf STATES NUCLER r.L GUTORY COM-ION

Protecting People and the Enviromient

Radiological Monitoring

" Radiological EnvironmentalMonitoring Program - since 1976

" Reviewed the REMP, the ODCM,and recent monitoring reports

" Current program adequate for newunits

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