USING THE INTERNET EFFECTIVELY What is Surfing? Browsing Jumping from link to link Randomly...
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USING THE INTERNET EFFECTIVELY
What is Surfing?
Browsing Jumping from link to link Randomly roaming Having way too much fun
Why Not Surf?
Takes time Yields unreliable results
Produces Quantity not Quality Leads to unrelated sites Is not a skill that can be
refined or given value
Searching
Is an essential skill Is a complex skill useful throughout
life Is a pre-computer activity Yields more reliable results
Quality not Quantity Must be taught
Why “searching” is essential? Complex, information-rich world Many good electronic sources Saves time Life skill for the next century
Searching demands that one: Ask questions Organize and assess information Master higher order thinking skills Demonstrate achievement Master strategies for solving
problems Identify best sources of information Determine when information can
help solve a problem
Information Skills (Big 6)
1.Task Definition2.Information Seeking Strategies3.Location & Access4.Use of Information5.Synthesis6.Evaluation
http://www.big6.com
1. Task Definition
What is the task/problem? What types of information are
needed?
The "Big6™" is copyrighted © (1987) Michael B. Eisenberg and Robert E. Berkowitz. For taking notes related to information on this slide, go to•http://www.big6.com/showarticle.php?id=107&page=2 and•http://www.big6.com/showarticle.php?id=107&page=3
2. Information Seeking Strategies
What are the possible sources of information?
Which would be best sources?
The "Big6™" is copyrighted © (1987) Michael B. Eisenberg and Robert E. Berkowitz. For taking notes related to information on this slide, go tohttp://www.big6.com/showarticle.php?id=107&page=2 andhttp://www.big6.com/showarticle.php?id=107&page=3
3. Location & Access
Can you locate the best sources? Can you find information within
the sources?
The "Big6™" is copyrighted © (1987) Michael B. Eisenberg and Robert E. Berkowitz. For taking notes related to information on this slide, go tohttp://www.big6.com/showarticle.php?id=107&page=2 andhttp://www.big6.com/showarticle.php?id=107&page=3
4. Use of Information
How can I best use each source? What information in each source
is useful?
The "Big6™" is copyrighted © (1987) Michael B. Eisenberg and Robert E. Berkowitz. For taking notes related to information on this slide, go tohttp://www.big6.com/showarticle.php?id=107&page=2 andhttp://www.big6.com/showarticle.php?id=107&page=3
5. Synthesis
How can I organize all the information?
How can I present the results?
The "Big6™" is copyrighted © (1987) Michael B. Eisenberg and Robert E. Berkowitz. For taking notes related to information on this slide, go tohttp://www.big6.com/showarticle.php?id=107&page=2 andhttp://www.big6.com/showarticle.php?id=107&page=3
6. Evaluation
Is the task complete Does the solution answer the
original question? Did I use authoritative sources What can improve the solution?
The "Big6™" is copyrighted © (1987) Michael B. Eisenberg and Robert E. Berkowitz. For taking notes related to information on this slide, go tohttp://www.big6.com/showarticle.php?id=107&page=2 andhttp://www.big6.com/showarticle.php?id=107&page=3
Search Engine Concerns
No “Internet Police” Hits mechanically returned
without human eyes ever seeing them
Pornography and violence
Safe Searching
Safe Searching
Screen pornography and violence Allows topics such as
“breast cancer” SurfWatch technology + Index of objectionable words
Search Tools
Search Engines (and Directories) First Search Engine: Archie 1990 (before the WWW
was created by Tim Berners-Lee in 1991) General Search Engines | Ask | Google | Yahoo |
Bing | Alta Vista | AlltheWeb.com | Metasearch Engines | DogPile | Yippy | WebCrawler Academic/Scholarly Search Engines |
Google Scholar | Infomine | Scirus | OAIster | Directory of Open Access Journals (DOAJ) | A Comprehensive List
Children's Search Engines| Ask for Kids | KidsClick | Yahooligans |
Customizing a Search Engine | The Google Custom Search Engine for Educators|
Search Engines
“software programs that....retrieve information about where on the Internet information is located based upon input by the user...”
Main Parts of Search Engine
What you see: Search Entry Form Search, Submit or Go Button Display of Sites w/Hypertext Link Online Help or Options
What you don’t see: ‘Bot or Spider that searches the Internet Database(index) of information gathered by
Spider
Originated as a project at Stanford University
Students Larry Page and Sergey Brin were its developers
Originally called BackRub – changed to Google in 1998 when the project became a private company
A public company today – offer investment opportunities for investors on NYSE.
Power Searching
And Or Not
not Internet not email
journal or magazine
Mexico and missions
Power Searching
Specific Phrase +forced Proximity (within 10 words)
Truncation
“World Wide Web”
distance~learning
educat*educateeducatededucatingeducationeducator
+Khirallah +DANTE
Power Searching
Wild Card
Limit by Site
Specialized Searching Example: US Government Search:
http://www.google.com/unclesam Example: Academic Search:
http://infomine.ucr.edu/
wom*nwomanwomen
site:•Example: Khirallah site:www.udallas.edu
Refining a Google Search
About Keywords Synonyms Dictionary Spelling
Query Refinements Plus Operator (+) Searching for Related Content Fill-in-the-Blank Searches (*)
+medic
What Can We Learn?
Try a few, carefully chosen key words!
Tips for Searching
doctor
Single Word Search
How many words in a search?
Single word searches often lead to irrelevant “hits”
More keywords - the narrower the search - more relevant
Too many keywords may narrow it too far and not get anything
Search for Phrases
Search for Phrases Often the best way to get relevant
hits Sometimes phrases need to be
narrowed even more.
More Tips for Searching
Develop strategies before searching Brainstorm key words and synonyms If you don’t find it with one search
engine, try another Quality is preferable to quantity Use specific words when looking for
specific things (Porsche, not car or automobile)
Tips for Searching, cont.
Use a unique keyword or phrase (“Detroit tigers” or “Bengal tigers” instead of tigers)
Find out if case counts. (saints or Saints)
Watch your spelling
Tips for Searching, cont.
Refine searches as necessary AND to narrow, OR to broaden,
NOT to eliminate Generally first documents
displayed are best matches, so if you don’t find it on the first few pages,....try, try again!
Meta Search Engines
Search multiple search engines at once Use it for very obscure/narrow topics Examples:
WebCrawler Dogpile Metacrawler Yippy
Meta Search Engines
Advantages Queries multiple search engines Returns results simultaneously More Internet-wide results
Disadvantages Slower Most can’t use complex search statements Results sometimes overwhelming Some give duplicate hits
Directories
Human beings: View sites Classify sites Sometimes review and/or rate sites
Ideal for browsing broad topics Less comprehensive than search engines Less duplication Higher quality
“...a directory that is searchable, not a search engine….”
Yahoo!
Granddaddy of directory-based Web search tools
1994 @ Stanford by two Ph.D. students (who dropped out)
Hierarchical approach to organizing info “Hands-on” classification of submissions Not as large as
other search engines
Yahoo! is best when:
You have a broad topic in mind and need to narrow it
You want just a few really good sides on a particular topic
Portals
Want to be your “doorway” to the Internet
Most are personalizable Search tools - directories and search
engines Email Stock Quotes News
Web Watchers and Personal Spiders
Read this -- http://www.post-gazette.com/printer.asp
Monitor the Internet for you Check for new information Updated web sites
For more info on searching:
http://searchenginewatch.com/facts/
Search Engine EKGs Monthly Ratings Sizes … and more than you
really want to know
Remember
Choose two or three different search tools and use them frequently
Get to know the advanced features Watch for improvements in your favorite
search tools Periodically check other search tools for
improvements
Now it’s your turn!Good Luck!!