Using RCD in practice: An experience of social production ... Recycling...

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Using RCD in practice: An experience of social production of concrete elements with recycled aggregates PROF. LUIZ CARLOS PINTO DA SILVA FILHO PROF. ÂNGELA GRAEFF PROF. GEILMA LIMA VIEIRA (UFES) ENG. LUCIANE CAETANO ENG. MORGANE BIGOLIN Dean of Engineering – School of Engineering (EE) – Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS) Director of the University Center for Disaster Study and Research (CEPED/RS) Coordinator of the Laboratório de Ensaios e Modelos Estruturais (LEME) Research Group Coordinator of the Advanced Composite Materials (NEMC) Research Group Coordinator of the MORAR.TS FINEP Research Network PROF. WASHINGTON NUÑEZ (LAPAV) PROF. ÂNGELA DANILEVICZ (PPGEP ENG. LUCAS DELONGUI ENG. JOICE KRAS BORGES CEPED/GRID TEAM (JOCE, ANDREA, CRISTIANE, ETC)

Transcript of Using RCD in practice: An experience of social production ... Recycling...

Page 1: Using RCD in practice: An experience of social production ... Recycling 2015/Silva_Luiz_Carlos.pdf · social production of concrete elements with recycled aggregates ... Social Production

Using RCD in practice: An experience ofsocial production of concrete elementswith recycled aggregates

P R O F. LU I Z C A R LOS P I N TO D A S I LVA F I L H O

P R O F. Â N G E L A G R A E F F

P R O F. G E I L M A L I M A V I E I R A ( U F E S )

E N G . LU C I A N E C A E TA N O

E N G . M O R G A N E B I G O L I N

Dean of Engineering – School of Engineering (EE) – Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS)Director of the University Center for Disaster Study and Research (CEPED/RS)Coordinator of the Laboratório de Ensaios e Modelos Estruturais (LEME) Research GroupCoordinator of the Advanced Composite Materials (NEMC) Research GroupCoordinator of the MORAR.TS FINEP Research Network

P R O F. WA S H I N G TO N N U Ñ E Z ( L A PAV )

P R O F. Â N G E L A D A N I L E V I C Z ( P P G E P

E N G . LU C A S D E LO N G U I

E N G . J O I C E K R A S B O R G E S

C E P E D / G R I D T E A M ( J O C E , A N D R E A , C R I S T I A N E , E TC )

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• One of the top 3 Brazilian Universities

• Ranked by Ministry of Education for the 3rd consecutive year as the best

university in Brazil in the general education assessment

• Among the top 10 universities in Latin America and among the top 500 in

the world, according to QS University Rankings 2014;

• Ranked 8th/10th in Latin America and between 401st/500th according to

the survey of the Academic Ranking of World Universities (ARWR)

• Best (most accessed) digital repository (LUME) of articles and dissertations

is Latin America.

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~ 4000 UG

~ 2000 Graduate Students

~ 240 Teaching Staff

~ 120 Support Staff

~ 600 eng/year

~ 300 MsC and PhD/year

13 UG Courses

Eng. CivilEng.

Mecânica

Eng. Elétrica

Eng. de Minas

Eng. Metalúrgica

Eng. Química

Eng. de Materiais

Eng. de Computação

Eng. de Produção

Eng. Ambiental

Eng. Controle e Automação

Eng. de Energia

Eng. Física

120 ANOS

Fundada em 1896

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PPG3M

PPGEC

Ranked among the top 5% in Brazil

CAPES GRADE 7

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LEME RESEARCH GROUP

• Experimental Structural Analysis

• Inspection and Maintenance

• Concrete Technology

• Special Concretes

• Structural Health Monitoring

• Building Pathology

• New and Innovative Construction Materials(specially green Technologies)

• Non Destructive Testing

• Fire Safety Engineering

• Performance of Construction Systems and Elements

• Advanced Fiber Reinforced Materials

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The challenge of CDW

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Natural aggregates will become evermore scarce or protected

< 1 month

Prohibitionof river sandextraction

15/05/2013

11/06/2013

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Lots of Research

HOW TO FOSTER THE INCREASE OF CDW UTILIZATION (Safely and Economically)???

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LEME RESEARCH LINE ON CDW

Survey of good practices andguidelines for CDW Management

in Brazilian Cities

Maria da Paz Medeiros

CDW Management¨supply chain¨

Application of CDW RecycledAggregrates in Pavements

Lucas Delongui (PhD Thesis)

Application of CDW Recycled Aggregrates in Pervious Concrete

Pervious Concrete Research Group/LEMEGabriel Galvan

CDW RecycledAgg. Aplications

CDW RecycledAgg. Production

andCharacterization

CDW Requirements for Use in Concrete Elements

Morgane Bigolin(MSC Diss.)

CDW Requirements for Use in Concrete Elements

Morgane Bigolin(MSC Diss.)

Social Production of CDW RecycledAggregates

Special Concretes ResearchGroup/LEME

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UTILIZATION OF CONSTRUCTION AND DEMOLITION WASTE (CDW)IN PAVING (Lucas Delongui & Prof. Washington Nuñez)

Research: utilization, in a sustainable and effective way, of the CDWproduced in urban areas.

Premise: pavement structures, due to consumption of high amounts ofmaterials, may use up significant quantities of CDW.

Objective: evaluation of the mechanical behavior, comparing frequentlyused (easy) tests, versus more refined tests, performed on CDW in it’snatural condition and mixed with bonding agents.

Implications: test results that are more specific, due to the type of test done and results representing more precisely the behavior of CDW, as these tests are performed with real sized particles.

In conjuction with:

Use in Paving

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0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

0,01 0,1 1 10 100

% P

assi

ng

Diameter (mm)

Antes da Compactação

Após a Compactação

Faixa B - Limites

10

100

1000

10000

0,1 1 10

Re

silie

nt

Mo

du

le (

MP

a)

θ (MPa)

RCD com adição de Cal Hidráulica - 56 dias de curaRCD com adição de CP-V - 14 dias de curaRCD in natura

Improvement in the mechanical behavior

The material fits DNIT’s “B” band

Promising Results.....

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Large Scale Tests

EXPERIMENTAL 100m LANES IN CONJUNCTION WITH UFRGS ADMINISTRATION AND/OR POA CITY COUNCIL

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Normal Agg.Recycled CDW

Use in Pervious Concrete

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New dimension

SOURCE OF THE CDW AGGREGATES

CommercialEnterprises

Social Enterprise

Worker´s Cooperativewith NGO Support

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Key Project: Social Production of Concrete Elements Using CDW Rec. Agg.

F. 2001World Social FórumParticipatory Budget

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1st Interaction: CDW AggregateProduction Qualification

Local Supply

Crushingand Sieving

Coarse Agg.

Fine Agg.

Powder

GEILMA LIMA VIEIRA / LUCIANE CAETANO

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NM 248 – Agregados –Determinação Granulométrica (NM, 2003)

Morgane BigolinCDW Agg. Characterization

Fines <20,0%

(OK)

(OK)

NM 46 – Agregados – Determinação do material fino que passa através da peneira de

75 µm, por lavagem (NM, 2003)

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Water AbsorptionNM 53 - Agregado graúdo - Determinação de massa específica, massa específica aparente

e absorção de água (NM, 2009)

Miúdo < 17,0%

CDW Agg. Characterization

Amostra Teor de cloretos (%)

Limite especificado na

ABNT NBR 15116:2004

(%)

1 0,0010

1

2 0,0010

3 0,0010

4 0,0010

5 0,0015

6 0,0010

7 0,0010

8 0,0010

Amostra Teor de sulfatos (%)

Limite especificado na

ABNT NBR 15116:2004

(%)

1 0,0034

1

2 0,0011

3 0,0016

4 0,0017

5 0,0007

6 0,0010

7 0,0008

8 0,0014

NBR 9917– Agregados para concreto –Determinação de sais, cloretos e sulfatos

solúveis (ABNT, 2009).

Contamination (Chlorides and Sulphates)

(OK)

(OK)

(OK)

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Non Mineral Contaminants

NBR 15116, Anexo B _ “Determinação do percentual de materiais não minerais dos

agregados reciclados por líquidos densos”

Miúdo < 2,0%

CDW Agg. Characterization

Miúdo < 2,0%

Clay Content

NBR 7218 – Agregados –Determinação do teor de argila em torrões e materiais friáveis

(ABNT, 2010)

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Conclusions

Requisites for use as aggregate in concrete

production

(OK)

SOLIDARIEDADE CDW Recycled Aggregates

Performance Requisites for diferente concrete elements

(pavers, blocks, etc)

(?)

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↑ ↑ ↓ ↓ ↑ ↑ ↑ ↓ ↑↓ ↓ ↓ ↑↓ ↑ ↓ ↓ ↓ ↓

Qualidade Demandada Res

istê

nci

a a

com

pre

ssão

(M

pa)

Res

istê

ncia

a t

raçã

o (M

pa)

Mód

ulo

de d

efor

maç

ão d

o bl

oco

(Mpa

)

Ret

raçã

o m

áxim

a ad

mit

ida

(%)

Den

sida

de (

mas

sa e

spec

ífic

a) (

g/cm

³)

Núm

ero

de v

aria

ções

de

text

uras

Núm

ero

de v

aria

ções

de

core

s

Tole

rân

cia

dim

ensi

on

al la

rgu

ra e

alt

ura

(m

m)

Esca

la v

isua

l de

unif

orm

idad

e da

cor

(1

a 5)

Ân

gulo

da

ares

ta (

º)

Mas

sa (

kg)

Perc

entu

al d

e bl

ocos

com

que

bras

na

entr

ega

(%)

Abs

orçã

o m

édia

(%

)

mer

o d

e va

riaç

ões

den

tro

da

fam

ília

Qua

ntid

ade

de in

form

açõe

s do

lote

Per

mea

bili

dad

e m

áxim

a (

%)

Esca

la v

isua

l de

regu

lari

dade

de

supe

rfíc

ie (

1 a

5)

Perc

entu

al d

e bl

ocos

com

que

bras

na

obra

(%

)

Índ

ice

de

pro

pag

ação

de

cham

a (W

/m2)

Den

sid

ade

óti

ca m

áxim

a d

e fu

maç

a

Prof

undi

dade

de

carb

onat

ação

(m

m)

Resistência a compressão mínima 9 9 3 1 3 1 3 1 1 1 1

Maior resistência à tração 9 9 3 1 3 1 3 1 1 1 1

Maior rigidez 3 1 1

Menor retração 1 3 9 3 1 3 1 1

Maior compacidade 9 9 3 9 9 9 9 9

Maior variedade de texturas 9

Maior variedade de cores 9

Menor variação dimensional (largura, altura) 9 3

Boa aparência (mais densa e homogênea) 1 1 9 3 1 3

Bom assentamento 9 3 3 1

Menor peso 9

Bom acondicionamento dos blocos 9 3

Boa absorção e aderência da argamassa 3 9

Fácil modularidade 9

Maior rastreabilidade dos lotes 9 9

Boa estanqueidade 3 1 9 3 9 1 1 3

Menor necessidade de acabamentos para a parede 1 9 9 1 3 3 3 9 1

Baixa incidência de blocos com quebras 3 1 1 1 3 9

Boa segurança contra incêndio 3 1 3 9 9 1

Menor taxa de carbonatação 1 1 1 1 3 1 1 9

BOA

DURABILIDADE

FÁCIL

APLICAÇÃO E

USO

MA

TRIZ

DO

CLI

ENTE

BOM

DESEMPENHO

MECÂNICO

BOA

APARÊNCIA

SE A CARACTERÍSTICA DE QUALIDADE 'X' FOR EXCELENTE, ESTARÁ ASSEGURADO O ATENDIMENTO DA DEMANDA 'Y'?

Se sim:

9 = muito forte3= Moderado forte1= fraco

USER REQUIREMENTDeploymentFunction

In partnership with Prof. Ângela Danilevicz, from the GraduateProgram on Industrial/ProductionEngineering (PPGEP)

Morgane Bigolin

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QUALITYDeploymentFunction

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StandardsUser

ENVIRONMENTAL

REQUIREMENTSMATRIX

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Cliente: preocupação com o atendimento às normas

Ambiental: obtenção de matéria-prima

Requisitos do cliente e normativos: de

maneira geral os requisitos das duas abordagens não entraram em conflito

Reciclagem do RCD, cimento e sustentabilidade: a questão que se destacou no desenvolvimento

do método foi o trade-off necessário para o controle das características de qualidade de ‘resistência à compressão’, ‘menor consumo de cimento’ e ‘maior proporção de agregados reciclados utilizados’.

General Trends

Granulometria: adicionar a etapa de

retirada de materiais mais finos que 0,15mm dos agregados miúdos.

Condições de estocagem: as condições de estocagem não pareceram

ser limitadoras para o uso do agregado.

Tempo de estocagem: o tempo de estocagem demonstrou alterar

negativamente as características do agregado, embora não inviabilizando o uso.

Processo de britagem e peneiramento: a britagem e

peneiramento do agregado em estado úmido facilita que uma maior quantidade de material fino fique incorporado ao grão.

Resultados dentro dos parâmetros normativos: em uma primeira análise com relação à caracterização dos agregados os resultados satisfazem os limites especificados na norma NBR 15116.

Torrões de argila e materiais friáveis: constatou-se que

o ensaio indicado para a verificação deste parâmetro não se adequa aos agregados reciclados.

POTENCIALLY VIABLE / NEED TECHNICAL IMPROVEMENT /

BEST USE IN BLOCKS

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Opportunity for Improvement

RESEARCHNETWORK ON

SOCIAL TECHNOLOGIES

APPLIED TO CONSTRUCTION

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Equipment Improvement

Block/Paver Machine

Carrier Belt

Crusher

Vibrating Sieve

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Initial Block Production

Betonada

Tempo

(min) RCD (AGME) (kg)

RCD (AGMA)

(kg) Água (kg)

Cimento

(kg) a/c

1 8,25 68,16 36,19 17,19 22,2 0,77

2 8,11 68,12 36,24 17,96 22,3 0,81

3 6,12 67,97 36,22 16,79 22,3 0,75

0,0

1,0

2,0

3,0

4,0

5,0

6,0

7,0

8,0

Re

sis

tên

cia

(M

Pa

)

BETONADA 1

BETONADA 2

BETONADA 3

14 Dias7 Dias 28 DiasDias

Betoneira* Bloco Absorção de água (%)

Limite especificado na NBR

15116, (ABNT, 2004) (%)

1 1 15,2

<17,00

2 2 13,9

3 3 12,7

CP Cilíndrico

1 1 15,7

2 2 17,5

3 3 17,9

Fb

JOICE KRAS BORGES

Need for capacitation/training actions

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Admin. and Logistics

1st Social Enterprise acceptedat EE/UFRGS incubator

PROCESSO OBSERVADO TEMPO COLETADO

Britagem 90s por lata de 18 litros

Peneiragem 80s por lata de 18 litros

Separação do agregado miúdo 25s a cada 3 latas de 18 litros

Separação do cascalho 15s a cada 2 latas de 18 litros

Separação do cimento 35s por lata de 18 litros

Mistura na betoneira 285s por ciclo (6 latas)

Betoneira -> Gaveta 35s por meio ciclo (3 latas)

Vibração e Prensa 15s a cada 3 blocos produzidos

Estocagem dos blocos 235s a cada 9 blocos produzidos

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Technical Qualification Course

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Support Material

Teaching Booklet

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Multiplication

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Autonomous Social Production

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Testing the new abilities...

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Next Steps

- Qualification of Autonomous Social Production (1000 blocks)

- Development of a commercial production chain◦ Local laws enforce % of destination to small social producers

- Adjustments in standards (pavers, blocks) to enable recycledconcrete elements to be used in most common non criticalsituations

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Vision

Scie

nti

fic

Dev

elo

pm

ents

Techn

olo

gicalDevelo

pm

en

ts

Technical Viability

Environmental Benefits

EconomicalViability

Social Benefits

Social Technologies

LEME´sCDW RECYCLING

RESEARCH STRATEGY