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Using NIRS to Predict Palmitic Fatty Acid in Peanut Seeds Barry L. Tillman and George Person.
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Using NIRS to Predict Palmitic Fatty Acid in Peanut Seeds Barry L. Tillman and George Person
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Transcript of Using NIRS to Predict Palmitic Fatty Acid in Peanut Seeds Barry L. Tillman and George Person.
Using NIRS to Predict Palmitic Fatty Acid in Peanut Seeds
Barry L. Tillman and George Person
Why are oleic, linoleic, and palmitic acid important?
• Dominant fatty acids in peanut oil
– High oleic acid• US Patent- 6,063,984, Knauft, Gorbet, Norden• Trait is simply inherited- two recessive genes
Oleic acid
(18:1)
Linoleic acid (18:2)
Palmitic acid
(16:0)
Normal 50-60% 20-30% 8-12%
High Oleic 74-84% 2-8% 5-7%
Relationship among Palmitic, Linoleic, and Oleic Acids
y = -0.1389x + 172.49
R2 = 0.8532n = 13856
y = -0.8685x + 727.76
R2 = 0.9806n = 13856
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
400
350 450 550 650 750 850
Oleic acid (g kg-1)
Co
nte
nt
(g k
g-1
)
Palmitic acid Linoleic acid
High oleic peanuts have commercial and health benefits.
• Commercial benefits– High oleic peanuts have 5x-15x the shelf life of normal peanuts
• Maintain flavor– Oil quality similar to olive oil
• Health (have more of what makes normal peanuts healthy)
– High in monounsaturated fats• Lowers total cholesterol • Lowers bad LDL cholesterol • Maintains beneficial HDL cholesterol • Lowers triglycerides
– May reduce risk of heart disease when eaten regularly
Developing high oleic (HO) peanut varieties is a priority
At Least 18 High oleic acid peanut cultivars have been released.
• SunOleic 95R• SunOleic 97R• GK7• VC-2• AT1-1• AT201• Flavor Runner• Georgia HiOL• Georgia 02C
• Olin• Tamrun OL01R• ANorden• Hull• Tamrun OL02R• AT3085RO • McCloud• York• Florida-07
How do we measure fatty acid content?
• Gas chromatography (GC)– Accurate– Always destructive/injurious– Time consuming (15-20 min./sample)
Can we reliably measure oleic, linoleic and palmitic acid content with NIR and replace GC? • We test about 800-900 samples per year using GC• Need to test 3-4 times that number
– Near infrared reflectance spectroscopy (NIR)• Less accurate• Can be non-destructive• Fast (3-5 min./sample)
NIR requires minimal sample preparation
NIR captures and stores light absorbance data
Absorbance data used to estimate chemical content based on calibration
NIR Calibration - Fatty Acids in Peanut
• Previous Calibration & Validation – Predicts Oleic and Linoleic acids– Misclassifies 4-5% of single seeds tested
(Crop Sci. 46:2121–2126 (2006))
• Goals of New Calibration– Predict Oleic, Linoleic and Palmitic acids– Reduce % misclassified seeds
300350400450500550600650700750800850900
300 350 400 450 500 550 600 650 700 750 800 850 900
NIR predicted Oleic Acid (g kg-1)
GC
me
as
ure
d O
leic
Ac
id (
g k
g-1)
Previous calibration- Oleic AcidAgreement between NIR and GC is very good
R2=0.98y = 1.01x – 4.4slope: p>|t|<0.0001intercept: p>|t|=0.6059n =132
GC
NIR
350400
450500
550600
650700
750800
850900
350 400 450 500 550 600 650 700 750 800 850 900
NIR predicted Oleic Acid (%)
GC
Me
as
ure
d O
leic
Ac
id (
%)
Previous validation- Oleic Acid4 out of 43 HO (4/94 total) kernels were misclassified by NIR
R2=0.84y = 1.01x – 2.0slope: p>|t|<0.0001intercept: p>|t|=0.9475n =94 GC
NIR
NIR Calibration - Fatty Acids in Peanut
• Previous Calibration & Validation – Predicts Oleic and Linoleic acids– Misclassifies 4-5% of single seeds tested
(Crop Sci. 46:2121–2126 (2006))
• Goals of New Calibration & Validation– Predict Oleic, Linoleic and Palmitic acids– Reduce % Misclassified seeds
New Model Oleic Acid Calibration(single seeds)
y = 0.9822x + 12.749
R2 = 0.851n = 243
360
440
520
600
680
760
840
380 430 480 530 580 630 680 730 780 830 880NIRS predicted Oleic acid (g kg-1)
GC
mea
sure
d O
leic
aci
d (
g k
g-1
)
New validation- Oleic Acid1 out of 43 HO (1/94 total) kernels were misclassified by
NIR
y = 1.0034x - 8.4905
R2 = 0.8882n = 94
360
440
520
600
680
760
840
400 450 500 550 600 650 700 750 800 850NIRS predicted Oleic acid (g kg-1)
GC
mea
sure
d O
leic
aci
d (
g k
g-1
)
New Model Palmitic acid calibration(single seeds)
y = 0.9541x + 3.2758
R2 = 0.7244n = 243
45
55
65
75
85
95
105
115
125
45 55 65 75 85 95 105 115NIRS predicted Palmitic acid (g kg-1)
GC
mea
sure
d P
alm
itic
aci
d (
g k
g-1
)
New Model Palmitic acid validation(single seeds)
y = 1.0383x - 5.0642
R2 = 0.804n = 94
45
55
65
75
85
95
105
115
125
45 55 65 75 85 95 105 115NIRS predicted Palmitic acid (g kg-1)
GC
mea
sure
d P
alm
itic
aci
d (
g k
g-1
)
NIR Calibration - Fatty Acids in Peanut
• Previous Calibration & Validation – Predicts Oleic and Linoleic acids– Misclassifies 4-5% of single seeds tested
(Crop Sci. 46:2121–2126 (2006))
• Goals of New Calibration & Validation– Predict Oleic, Linoleic and Palmitic acids– Reduce % Misclassified seeds
• Results- New Calibration & Validation– Predicts Oleic, Linoleic and Palmitic acids– Misclassifies 1 % of single seeds tested
Old Model Oleic acid validation(average of 5 spectra)
y = 1.1065x - 66.78
R2 = 0.8938n = 434
360
440
520
600
680
760
840
400 450 500 550 600 650 700 750 800 850NIRS predicted Oleic acid (g kg-1)
GC
mea
sure
d O
leic
aci
d (
g k
g-1
)
715
740
New Model Oleic acid validation(average of 5 spectra)
y = 1.016x - 15.107
R2 = 0.9115n = 434
360
440
520
600
680
760
840
400 450 500 550 600 650 700 750 800 850NIRS predicted Oleic acid (g kg-1)
GC
mea
sure
d O
leic
aci
d (
g k
g-1
)
725
740
Previous Model - Oleic acid validation(average of 5 seeds)
y = 1.1083x - 69.289
R2 = 0.89n = 434
360
440
520
600
680
760
840
400 450 500 550 600 650 700 750 800 850NIRS predicted Oleic acid (g kg-1)
GC
mea
sure
d O
leic
aci
d (
g k
g-1
)
720
740
% Misclassified (average of spectra)
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
655 675 695 715 735 755
NIRS cutoff value (g kg-1 predicted Oleic acid)
% M
iscl
assi
fied
New model Old model
725
Old model % misclassified(average of seeds)
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
655 675 695 715 735 755
NIRS cutoff value (g kg-1 predicted Oleic acid)
% M
iscl
assi
fied
720
