Using GORCAM A Demonstration

Using GORCAMA Demonstration

Developing Forestry and Bioenergy Projects within CDM

Quito, EcuadorMarch, 2004

Joanneum Research / Woodrising Consulting Inc.

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Overview• GORCAM• GORCAM - WCI• Creating Initial Conditions

– Pasture• Examples

– Reforestation for conservation– Reforestation for fiber production– Reforestation for bioenergy

• Program Improvements


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GORCAMMain Sheet

Parameter Input A

rea

Output Area


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GORCAM Detailed View

Scenario Menu

Growth Curve MenuLitter Dynamics Menu

1st Harvest Parameters

Graph Type Menu

Harvest Type Menu


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GORCAMGraphical Output

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0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100

Time [years]

Cum

ulat

ive

carb

on [t

C/h

a] Fossil fuel input [MgC/ha]Displaced foss. fuels [MgC/ha]Energy for products [MgC/ha]Landfill [MgC/ha]Short-lived products [MgC/ha]Long-lived products [MgC/ha]Trees [MgC/ha]Litter [MgC/ha]Soil [MgC/ha]


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GORCAM - WCIInput Sheet


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GORCAM - WCIGraphical Output

Biomass

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2004 2014 2024 2034 2044 2054 2064 2074 2084 2094 2104

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Cons LandfillWW LandfillLLPSLPOther VegTreesAG LitterBG LitterRootsSoil


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GORCAM - WCIGraphical Output

Emissions

-50

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-40

-35

-30

-25

-20

-15

-10

-5

02004 2014 2024 2034 2044 2054 2064 2074 2084 2094 2104

Year

Ann

ual (

t CO

2e/h

a)

-1200

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-800

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-200

0

Cum

ulative (t CO

2e/ha)

ElectricityFF SavedFF UsedLandfill GasBiomassTotalCumulative


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Initial ConditionsExample: Pasture (Steady-State)

Parameter GORCAM - WCIMaximum Standing Stock Above ground biomass (AGB) = 10 t /ha 13.00 tC / ha

Root / AGB = 160%Fine litter / year 25% of AGB 1.25 tC / haFine root litter / year 30% of roots 2.40 tC / haLitter decay rate 3.60 years (Corrected to 6C, 1250 mm) 0.28 1/yearsFine root litter decay rate 3.60 years (Corrected to 6C, 1250 mm) 0.28 1/yearsLitter input to Soil 5% 5%Root litter input to Soil 50% 50%Soil decay rate 32.60 years (Corrected to 6C, 1250 mm) 0.031 1/years

GORCAM


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Initial ConditionsExample: Pasture (Steady-State)

Biomass

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160

2004 2014 2024 2034 2044 2054 2064 2074 2084 2094 2104

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Reforestation for ConservationParameter GORCAM - WCIMaximum Standing Stock From yield curve modelling 236.86 tC / haRoot / AGB 22%Fine Root / Root 0.072+0.354exp(-0.060 Root)Fine litter / year 1.8% of AGB 3.49 tC / haCoarse litter / year 0.81% of AGB 1.57 tC / haFine root litter / year 64% of fine roots 2.71 tC / haCoarse root litter / year 0.41% of roots 0.18 tC / haFine litter decay rate 4.30 years (Corrected to 6C, 1250 mm) 0.23 1/yearsCoarse litter decay rate 12.30 years (Corrected to 6C, 1250 mm) 0.081 1/yearsFine root litter decay rate same as fine litter 0.23 1/yearsCoarse root litter decay rate same as coarse litter 0.081 1/yearsLitter input to Soil 5% 5%Root litter input to Soil 50% 50%Soil decay rate 32.60 years (Corrected to 6C, 1250 mm) 0.031 1/years

GORCAM


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Reforestation for ConservationBiomass

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800

2004 2014 2024 2034 2044 2054 2064 2074 2084 2094 2104

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Reforestation for ConservationAnnual Emissions

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-35

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-25

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-15

-10

-5

02004 2014 2024 2034 2044 2054 2064 2074 2084 2094 2104

Year

Ann

ual (

t CO

2e/h

a) ElectricityFF SavedFF UsedLandfill GasBiomassTotal


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Reforestation for ConservationCumulative Emissions

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02004 2014 2024 2034 2044 2054 2064 2074 2084 2094 2104

Year

Cum

ulat

ive

(t C

O2e

/ha)

BiomassTotal


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Reforestation for Fiber Production

Parameter AssumptionsPercent for fuel 27% of harvested AGB 22% of harvested biomassPercent to lumber 33% of harvested AGB 27% of harvested biomassPercent to paper 12% of harvested AGB 10% of harvested biomassPercent to waste 7% of harvested AGBPercent to foliage litter 8% of harvested AGB 6.6% of harvested biomassPercent to coarse litter 13% of harvested AGB 11% of harvested biomassPercent to fine root litter 8.8% of total roots 1.6% of harvested biomassPercent to coarse root litter 22% of AGB 16% of harvested biomassLumber decay rate 30 years 30 yearsPaper decay rate 2 years 2 yearsLandfill decay rate same as soil decay 32.6 yearsPercent of lumber to landfill no recycling or energy use 100%Percent of paper to landfill no recycling or energy use 100%

Value


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Reforestation for Fiber ProductionExcluding Wood Products

Biomass

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2004 2014 2024 2034 2044 2054 2064 2074 2084 2094 2104

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Reforestation for Fiber ProductionIncluding Wood Products

Biomass

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2004 2014 2024 2034 2044 2054 2064 2074 2084 2094 2104

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Reforestation for Fiber ProductionIncluding Wood Products

Annual Emissions

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0

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140

2004 2014 2024 2034 2044 2054 2064 2074 2084 2094 2104

Year

Ann

ual (

t CO

2e/h



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Reforestation for Fiber ProductionEnergy Use

• Mechanical harvesting• Transportation

– 100 km to mill• Processing

Parameter AssumptionsEmissions from harvest 7.9 m3/hr, 14 L Diesel / hr, 2.76 kg CO2e/L 0.0122 t CO2e / t roundwoodEmissions from transportation 35 m3/truck, 40 L/100 km, 2.76 kg CO2e/L 0.0158 t CO2e / t roundwoodEmissions from processing Fossil fuels 0.0029 t CO2e / t wood product

Electricity (0.68 MWh/t, 0.273 t CO2e/MWh) 0.1856 t CO2e / t wood productGORCAM-WCI (Fossil fuels) 0.0521 t CO2e / t wood productGORCAM-WCI (Electricity) 0.6800 MWh / t wood productGORCAM 0.0478 t C / t C harvested

Value


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Reforestation for Fiber ProductionIncluding Energy Use

Annual Emissions

-100

-50

0

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200

2004 2014 2024 2034 2044 2054 2064 2074 2084 2094 2104

Year

Ann

ual (

t CO

2e/h



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Reforestation for Bioenergy

• Biodiesel Plant– converts biomass into diesel and charcoal– located 100 km from reforestation site

• Harvest• Transportation• Conversion to bioenergy


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Reforestation for BioenergyParameter AssumptionsPercent for fuel 92% of harvested AGB 70% of harvested biomassPercent of foliage litter 8% of harvested AGB 7% of harvested biomassPercent to coarse litter 0% of harvested biomassEmissions from harvest 7.9 m3/hr, 14 L Diesel / hr, 2.76 kg CO2e / L 0.0122 t CO2e / t biofuelEmissions from transportation 35 m3/truck, 40 L/100 km, 2.76 kg CO2e/L 0.0158 t CO2e / t biofuelEmissions from harvesting GORCAM-WCI 0.0280 t CO2e / t biofuel

GORCAM 0.0153 t C / t C harvestedEmissions from conversion Natural gas (0.06 GJ/t, 50.7 kg CO2e/GJ) 0.0030 t CO2e / t biofuel

Electricity (0.20 MWh/t, 0.273 t CO2e/MWh) 0.0546 t CO2e / t biofuelBiodiesel (0.70 GJ/t, 0.157 kg CO2e/GJ) 0.0001 t CO2e / t biofuelCharcoal (3.5 GJ/t, 5.44 kg CO2e/GJ) 0.0190 t CO2e / t biofuel

Emissions from conversion GORCAM-WCI 0.0768 t CO2e / t biofuelGORCAM 0.0419 t C / t C harvested

Production Biodiesel 10.0 GJ / t biofuelCharcoal 2.0 GJ / t biofuel

Biodiesel efficiency factor 90%Biodiesel energy produced 9.0 GJ / t biofuelDiesel emission factor 66.2 kg CO2e/GJ 0.0181 t C/GJDiesel emissions displaced 0.16 t C / t biofuelBiofuel displacement factor 0.32 t C / t C

Value


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Reforestation for BioenergyBiomass

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2004 2014 2024 2034 2044 2054 2064 2074 2084 2094 2104

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Reforestation for Fiber ProductionExcluding Wood Products

Biomass

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2004 2014 2024 2034 2044 2054 2064 2074 2084 2094 2104

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Reforestation for BioenergyAnnual Emissions

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2004 2014 2024 2034 2044 2054 2064 2074 2084 2094 2104

Year

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t CO

2e/h



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Reforestation for BioenergyCumulative Emissions

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02004 2014 2024 2034 2044 2054 2064 2074 2084 2094 2104

Year

Cum

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(t C

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/ha)

BiomassTotal


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Reforestation for BioenergyWithout Replanting

Biomass

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2004 2014 2024 2034 2044 2054 2064 2074 2084 2094 2104

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Annual Emissions

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t CO

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Cumulative Emissions

-700

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-100

02004 2014 2024 2034 2044 2054 2064 2074 2084 2094 2104

Year

Cum

ulat

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(t C

O2e

/ha)

BiomassTotal


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Program Improvements• Merge GORCAM and GORCAM-WCI• User-friendly• Non-CO2 Gases• Tropical Forestry Situations• Agroforestry• Parameter Database• Time-varying Parameters


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Using GORCAM A Demonstration

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