Using Critical Thinking to Survive in an Increasingly...
Transcript of Using Critical Thinking to Survive in an Increasingly...
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Using Critical Thinking to
Survive in an Increasingly
Complex World
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By the end of this workshop you will be able to:
1. Define critical thinking and its importance
2. Describe the importance of careful examination of
evidence before making decisions or drawing
conclusions
3. Identify the elements of critical thinking
4. How to apply effective critical thinking strategies
5. Further improve critical thinking skills
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What is Critical Thinking?
• Disciplined thinking that is clear, rational, open-
minded, and informed by evidence.
• Making reasoned judgments that are logical and
well thought out.
• A way of thinking in which you don't simply accept
all arguments and conclusions you are exposed
to but rather have an attitude involving
questioning such arguments and conclusions.
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Traditional Way of
Thinking
• Routine
• Habit
• Automatic
Critical Thinking
• Complex
• Adaptable
• Responsive
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EXERCISE
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The power of the mind
to command itself and
regularly engage in
self-analysis will
increasingly determine
the quality of our work
and the quality of our
lives.
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Core Skills of a Critical Thinker:
Curiosity - the desire to learn more information
and seek evidence as well as being open to
new ideas.
Skepticism - having a healthy questioning
attitude about new information that you are
exposed to and not blindly believing everything
everyone tells you.
Humility - the ability to admit that your opinions
and ideas are wrong when faced with new
convincing evidence that states otherwise.
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Why is Critical Thinking Important?
Someone with critical thinking skills can:
• Understand the logical connections between
ideas.
• Identify, construct and evaluate arguments.
• Detect inconsistencies and common mistakes
in reasoning.
• Solve problems systematically.
• Identify the relevance and importance of ideas.
• Reflect on the justification of one's own beliefs
and values.
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Critical Thinking is More Than
Problem Solving
Critical thinking seeks to
lead to a decision or
draw a conclusion.
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Critical Thinking is NOT Negative Thinking
Critical thinking is positive, friendly, and constructive.
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Critical Thinking is Not Creative Thinking
Critical thinking is about making a judgment rather than imagining.
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Critical Thinkers Develop Facts with Questions
• When did it occur?
• Where did it occur?
• Who was there?
• Who else may have relevant information?
• How did it happen?
• Who did or said what? In what order?
• Are there notes, documents, phone messages,
emails, video, or other needed evidence?
• Is my source reliable?
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Three Elements of Critical Thinking
1. Fallacies
2. Evidence
3. Reasoning
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Fallacies
• A deceptive, misleading, or false notion
or belief
• A misleading or unsound argument
• Erroneous reasoning that render
arguments logically unsound
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Water is Deadly!
1. Water can be chemically
synthesized by burning rocket fuel!
2. Water is one of the primary
ingredients in pesticides!
3. Overconsumption can cause
excessive sweating, urination and
even death!
4. Water is the leading cause of
drowning!!
5. 100% of all people exposed to
water will die!!!
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Evidence
To verify categorical/declarative statements and
conclusions (which could be fallacious), you
must look for evidence. Evidence is information
used to make and support a conclusion. It is
NOT based on:
Assumptions
Perception
Emotion
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Reasoning…
Inductive or Deductive?
• Inductive Reasoning = bottom-up approach
• Deductive Reasoning = top-down approach
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Critical and Strategic Thinking
Successful professionals think critically, plan strategically, and act decisively.
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Applying Critical Thinking Skills
Analyze
Reason
EvaluateProblem
solve
Decide
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EXERCISE – FACT OR OPINION
• My telephone number is difficult to memorize.
• The deepest part of the ocean is 46,813 feet
deep.
• Dogs make better pets than turtles.
• Smoking is bad for your health.
• The weather in Tallahassee yesterday was rainy
• The weather in Tallahassee today is pleasant
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Actionable Critical Thinking Skills
1. Interpretation
2. Analysis
3. Inference
4. Evaluation
5. Explanation
6. Self-Regulation
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Interpretation
The ability to understand the information your
are presented and being able to communicate
the meaning of that information to others.
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Analysis
The ability to connect pieces of information
together in order to determine the intended
meaning of that information.
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Inference
The ability to understand and recognize what
you need in order to determine an accurate
conclusion or hypothesis from the information
available.
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Evaluation
The ability to determine the credibility of
statements or descriptions of a person’s
experience, judgment or opinion in order to
measure the validity of that information.
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Explanation
The ability to restate information while adding
clarity and perspective to make it understood by
anyone with whom you are sharing it.
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Self-Regulation
Having the awareness of your own thinking
abilities and the elements that you are using to
find results.
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Other Ways to Improve Your Critical
Thinking Skills
1. A Problem a Day
2. Deal With Egocentrism
3. Redefine How You See Things
4. Get In Touch With Your Emotions
5. Analyze Group Influences
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Questions?
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