Using Adjectives to Describe: Gender Agreement This information can be found on page 59 of your...

Using Adjectives to Using Adjectives to Describe: Describe:

Gender AgreementGender Agreement

This information can be found This information can be found on page 59 of your book.on page 59 of your book.

Gender Agreement Gender Agreement (pg 59)(pg 59)

You already know that every word in You already know that every word in Spanish has a gender: Spanish has a gender:

masculine or feminine.masculine or feminine.

El chico = masculineEl chico = masculine

El vestido (dress) = masculineEl vestido (dress) = masculine

La chica = feminineLa chica = feminine

La camisa (shirt) = feminineLa camisa (shirt) = feminine


Adjectives describe nouns. Adjectives describe nouns. – Ex: the fast car, the red dress, the happy girl.Ex: the fast car, the red dress, the happy girl.

Like the definite (el, la, los, las) and indefinite Like the definite (el, la, los, las) and indefinite articles (un,unos, una, unas), the adjectives will articles (un,unos, una, unas), the adjectives will also “agree” or “match” with the noun it also “agree” or “match” with the noun it describes based on:describes based on:gender gender – Masculine / feminineMasculine / feminine

NumberNumber– Singular (one) / plural (more than one)Singular (one) / plural (more than one)


In English, you say “the red shirt.”In English, you say “the red shirt.”

In Spanish, you need to do the following:In Spanish, you need to do the following:

1.1. Decide the gender of the noun.Decide the gender of the noun.

2.2. Decide the number of the noun.Decide the number of the noun.

3.3. Form the adjective to match.Form the adjective to match.

4.4. Put the adjective AFTER the noun. Put the adjective AFTER the noun.

(This is (This is almostalmost always the rule in Spanish) always the rule in Spanish)

ADJECTIVE AFTER!!!!ADJECTIVE AFTER!!!!

masculine,

singularmasculine,

pluralfeminine, singular

feminine,plural

adjectives ending in –o

serio

adjectives ending in –e

interesante

adjectives ending in consonant

azul

adjectives ending in –ador, nationality

trabajador


So, “The red shirt.” So, “The red shirt.” The shirt = la camisa.The shirt = la camisa.red = rojo.red = rojo.1.Gender of the noun?1.Gender of the noun?

La camisa = feminineLa camisa = feminine2. Number? 2. Number? One shirt = singular.One shirt = singular.3. I need to form the adjective to agree with the noun. 3. I need to form the adjective to agree with the noun. Make rojo feminine = roja.Make rojo feminine = roja.4. Put the adjective after the noun:4. Put the adjective after the noun:La camisa roja.La camisa roja.

What if it’s plural????What if it’s plural????Let’s try “The black pants.”Let’s try “The black pants.”Los pantalones = pants.Los pantalones = pants.Negro = black.Negro = black.1. Gender? 1. Gender? Los = masculine.Los = masculine.2. Number? 2. Number? Los is plural, because “el” is the article for a Los is plural, because “el” is the article for a

singular masculine noun.singular masculine noun.The adjective has to become The adjective has to become masculine masculine and and

pluralplural. . Negro -> negrNegro -> negrosos..Adjective After = Adjective After = LosLos pantalones negr pantalones negrosos..


Note: For adjectives that end in “e,” they usually Note: For adjectives that end in “e,” they usually match both genders:match both genders:– ElEl chico paciente, chico paciente, lala chica paciente. chica paciente.– ElEl sombrero verde, sombrero verde, lala falda verde. falda verde.

Many adjectives that end with a consonant Many adjectives that end with a consonant match both genders:match both genders:– El sombrero azul, la falda azul.El sombrero azul, la falda azul.

Some add “a” to become feminine. These Some add “a” to become feminine. These adjectives must be learned.adjectives must be learned.– El chico trabajador, La chica trabajadorEl chico trabajador, La chica trabajadoraa..


Your turn! Use your vocab lists to describe Your turn! Use your vocab lists to describe the following:the following:

1.1. The yellow dress=The yellow dress=El vestido amarilloEl vestido amarillo

2.The red shirts. ___________________2.The red shirts. ___________________3.The blue skirt. ___________________3.The blue skirt. ___________________4.4. The blonde girl. _______________The blonde girl. _______________5. The orange pants. ________________5. The orange pants. ________________


Using SER to describe something:Using SER to describe something:

You can use “ser” plus the adjective to describe You can use “ser” plus the adjective to describe a noun.a noun.

Remember, you use “es” for one object, “son” Remember, you use “es” for one object, “son” for more than one.for more than one.

The shirt is red = La camisa es roja.The shirt is red = La camisa es roja.

The shoes are black = Los zapatos son negros.The shoes are black = Los zapatos son negros.


1.1. The dress is white. The dress is white. ___El vestido es blanco._____El vestido es blanco.__2.2. The shirts The shirts are are blue.blue. ________Las camisas son azules.Las camisas son azules.______3. The skirt 3. The skirt isis red. red. ______La falda es roja.La falda es roja.______4.4. The sweater The sweater isis purple. purple. ____El suéter es morado.El suéter es morado.________5.5. The pants The pants areare orange. orange. ________Los pantalones son anaranjados.Los pantalones son anaranjados.______


Let’s throw in some indefinite articles:Let’s throw in some indefinite articles:1.1. A brown jacket.A brown jacket.____________________________________________________2.2. Some white skirts.Some white skirts.________________________________________3.3. A green hat.A green hat.________________________________________4.4. Some orange pants.Some orange pants. ____________________________________________


Mix-up! Try these with a partner:Mix-up! Try these with a partner:

1.1. The sweater The sweater isis white. white.

2.2. The girl The girl isis hard-working. hard-working.

3.3. The teacher (m) The teacher (m) isis boring. boring.

4.4. The blue pants.The blue pants.

5.5. The jacket The jacket isis purple. purple.

6.6. Some yellow sweaters.Some yellow sweaters.

Using Adjectives to Describe: Gender Agreement This information can be found on page 59 of your...

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