USII.4 IMPERIALISM

USII.5A explain the reasons for and results of the Spanish American War.

USII.5C explain the reasons for the United States’ involvement in World War I and its leadership role at the conclusion of the war.

IMPERIALISMUSII.5A,C

SPANISH-AMERICAN WAR

WORLD WAR I“God Bless the USA!” (4)

REASONS FOR SPANISH-AMERICAN WAR

• Protection of American business interests in Cuba

• American support for Cuban rebels’ independence from Spain

• Rising tensions as a result of “The Maine” in Havana Harbor

• Exaggerated news reports of events (Yellow Journalism)

USII.5A

BATTLES OF THE SPANISH-AMERICAN WAR

1. San Juan Hill, Cuba

1. Teddy Roosevelt and his Rough Riders led a charge up “Kettle Hill” and defeated the Spanish army.

2. Manila Bay, Philippines

1. Navy Admiral Dewey raided the Spanish fleet harbored in Manila Bay and captured the entire Spanish fleet.

2. Spain surrendered.

RESULTS OF THE SPANISH-AMERICAN WAR

• United States emerged as a world power

• Cuba gained independence from Spain

• U.S. got possession of the Philippines, Guam, and Puerto Rico

USII.5A

World War I (1914-1918)• AUSTRIA-HUNGARY

– FRANZ JOSEPH

– ARCHDUKE FRANCIS FERDINAND

– SARAJEVO (June 28, 1914)

• SERBIA– “BLACK HAND”

– PRINCIP

• THE GREAT WAR– “THE WAR TO END ALL WARS”

– “THE WAR”

“Over There” (4)

US INVOLVEMENT IN WWI(1917-1918)

• Inability to remain neutral

• German “unrestricted submarine warfare” – the sinking of the Lusitania

• U.S. economic and political ties to Great Britain

USII.5C

NEW WEAPONS OF WWI• TANKS – BRITISH • FLAME THROWER – GERMANS• U-BOATS (UNTERSEEBOOTEN)• AIRPLANES• GAS

– POISON– MUSTARD

• MACHINE GUNS• TANK TRAPS• NEW WAY TO FIGHT – TRENCH

WARFARE• MINES

TWO SIDES OF WWI

• Great Britain

• France

• Russia

• Serbia

• Belgium

• U.S. (later)

• Germany

• Austria-Hungary

• Bulgaria

• Turkey

USII.5C

ALLIES CENTRAL POWERS

WAR LEADERS

• Germany - Kaiser Wilhelm II

• Russia - Czar Nicholas II

• Austria-Hungary - Franz Joseph

• United States - Woodrow Wilson

• Britain - King George V

Archduke Francis Ferdinand

Emperor Franz Joseph

King George V

Czar Nicholas II

Kaiser Wilhelm II President Woodrow Wilson

WORLD LEADERS OF WWI

Austria-Hungary

(assassinated)

Austria-Hungary

Germany

Great Britain

Russia

United States

“American Trilogy” (3)

U.S. LEADERSHIP AT WAR’S END

• Wilson proposed a peace plan including his “14 Points” which became the basis for the Versailles Treaty. It called for a League of Nations to keep the peace. The Central Powers were not represented at Versailles.

• The U.S. (Senate) refused to join the League

USII.5C

NEW NATIONS• FINLAND• POLAND• ESTONIA• LATVIA• LITHUANIA• AUSTRIA• HUNGARY• SOVIET UNION (RUSSIA)• CZECHOSLOVAKIA• YUGOSLAVIA (SERBIA)• TURKEY

NEW NATIONS OF EUROPEAFTER WWI