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Tiny organs that work inside the cell

Let’s review some important parts of the plant cell

Cell Membrane

Cell Wall

Provides Protection and support

Made of cellulose

The Cell

If a plant does not receive enough water it will wilt.

Osmosis – the movement of water from a high concentration to a low concentration

Contains CHLOROPHYLL

Makes food for cell

(Photosynthesis – captures

ENERGY IN SUNLIGHT

(equation)

“Green jelly beans”

Nonvascular: Do not contain

tubes to carry water up and down plant

Algae◦ Chlorophyta◦ Phaeophyta◦ Rhodophyta

Bryophyta◦ Mosses◦ Liverworts

Vascular:Do have tubes to

carry water, usually taller

Ferns Gymnosperms Angiosperms

Simple plants with no …◦ Roots◦ Stems◦ Leaves

There are three types …

Chlorophyta

Phaeophyta

Rhodophyta

Algae that is the color GREEN

Algae that is the color BROWN

Phaeostrophion irregulare

Analipus japonicus Nereocystis Nereocystis luetkeanaluetkeana

Algae that is the color RED

Antithamnion plumula Delesseria sanguinea Porphyra perforata

1. Plant division made up of nonvascular plants that live in moist places.

2. Examples include a) Moss- simple rootless plant with leaves arranged in a spiral around a leafy stem.

BEDDING PEAT MOSS –

gardeners SPHAGNUM MOSS –

grows in a BOG (acidic wetland) ◦ wetlands – areas of

land that are saturated with water for a period of time

b) Liverworts – simple rootless plants with or without stems & leaves.

Also called the Tracheophyta

Includes three main groups

Ferns Gymnosperms Angiosperms

Have large leaves that are divided into smaller parts that also look like miniature leaves (called fronds)

FRONDS

Reproduce through spores (which are located underneath the leaves).

Spore case

1. Have “male” and “female” cones that produce pollen and ovules

2. If pollination occurs, seeds are produced in the female cone that are not protected by a fruit (outside covering).

FEMALE

MALE

Examples:

Giant Redwoods -     the tallest trees

Fir tree

Pine tree

ginkoe

hemlock

Flowering plants

2) Produce seeds inside a fruit.

3) The two main types of angiosperms are based on the number of cotyledons (the part of the seed that stores FOOD.

1) Have flower parts in threes

1) Have flower parts in fours or fives

2) Narrow leaves with parallel veins

2) Broad leaves with branched veins

3) Vascular tissue (vessels) scattered throughout the stem.

3) Vascular tissue in a ring.

4) Seeds have one seed leaf

4) Seeds have two seed leaves

Corn

Palms

Lilies

Daffodils

Wheat

Grasses

Oaks

Dandelions Maples

BeansRoses

Tomatoes

a) Stamens

1- Male reproductive organs

Stamens

2) Have two parts

Filament

Anther

Filament- stalk

Anther-where pollen is made

Pollen released into the airPollen grain forming on anther

StamenFlower Parts

Flower Parts

Anthers

Flower Parts

Filament

b) Pistils

1- Female reproductive organs

Pistil

Ovary – produces ovules (female gametes)

Style – short stalk

Stigma – sticky extension of stalk that catches pollen.

Ovules growing in the ovary

Pollen sticking to the pistil’s stigma.

Flower Parts

Pistil

Flower Parts Stigma

Style

Ovary

C) Sepals- Leaflike parts that protect the flower.

d) Petals – Attract pollinators.

Flower Parts

Sepal

Petal

Taking pollen from one plant with a certain trait and placing it on a plant with a different trait. For example, taking pollen from a short plant and placing it on a plant that is tall.

Cross pollination

a) After pollen lands on stigma a tube grows down the style to an ovule.

b) The fertilized zygote develops into a seed.

c) The ovary that surrounds the ovules develops into a fruit.

c) The ovary that surrounds the ovules

develops into a fruit (if the fruit dries out it becomes a shell).

Produces nuts, grainsAcorns, etc.

Flower Parts

Sepal

Petal

Stamen

Pistil

Stigma

Style

Anther

Ovary

Filament