Use the terms homologous series and functional group. Understand the terms hydrocarbon, saturated,...
-
Upload
andra-fleming -
Category
Documents
-
view
220 -
download
2
Transcript of Use the terms homologous series and functional group. Understand the terms hydrocarbon, saturated,...
• Use the terms homologous series and functional group.
• Understand the terms hydrocarbon, saturated, unsaturated.
• State that alkanes and cycloalkanes are saturated hydrocarbons.
• Explain the tetrahedral shape around each carbon atom present in an alkane.
• State the names of the first ten members of the alkane homologous series.
Week 13
© Pearson Education Ltd 2008This document may have been altered from the original
Carbon is bonded to four hydrogen atoms in methane
Week 13
© Pearson Education Ltd 2008This document may have been altered from the original
Week 13
© Pearson Education Ltd 2008This document may have been altered from the original
The double bond between the two carbon atoms in ethene counts as two bonds
Week 13
© Pearson Education Ltd 2008This document may have been altered from the original
The –OH group is the functional group, responsible for the reactivity of the molecule
Week 13
© Pearson Education Ltd 2008This document may have been altered from the original
Molecular models of methane, ethane, propane and butane
Week 13
© Pearson Education Ltd 2008This document may have been altered from the original
Aliphatic and alicyclic alkanes
• Understand and be able to use the IUPAC rules of nomenclature for naming hydrocarbons.
Week 13
© Pearson Education Ltd 2008This document may have been altered from the original
Week 13
© Pearson Education Ltd 2008This document may have been altered from the original
2-Methylpentane
Week 13
© Pearson Education Ltd 2008This document may have been altered from the original
4-Ethyl-3-methylheptane
Week 13
© Pearson Education Ltd 2008This document may have been altered from the original
2,2-dimethylbutane
• Understand and use the IUPAC rules of nomenclature for naming compounds with functional groups.
Week 13
© Pearson Education Ltd 2008This document may have been altered from the original
1- Chloropropane
Week 13
© Pearson Education Ltd 2008This document may have been altered from the original
Week 13
© Pearson Education Ltd 2008This document may have been altered from the original
Pentan-3-ol
Week 13
© Pearson Education Ltd 2008This document may have been altered from the original
2-Bromo-1-chlorobutane
Week 13
© Pearson Education Ltd 2008This document may have been altered from the original
2-Methylpropan-1-ol
Week 13
© Pearson Education Ltd 2008This document may have been altered from the original
1,1,2,2-Tetrachloroethane
• Understand and use the following terms: empirical formula; molecular formula; general formula; displayed formula.
Week 13
© Pearson Education Ltd 2008This document may have been altered from the original
Week 13
© Pearson Education Ltd 2008This document may have been altered from the original
Propan-2-ol
• Understand and use the term structural formula.
• Understand and use the term skeletal formula.
Week 13
© Pearson Education Ltd 2008This document may have been altered from the original
Displayed and structural formulae for (a) propane and (b) 1-bromopropane
Week 13
© Pearson Education Ltd 2008This document may have been altered from the original
Week 13
© Pearson Education Ltd 2008This document may have been altered from the original
Displayed and structural formulae for decanoic acid
Week 13
© Pearson Education Ltd 2008This document may have been altered from the original
Displayed and skeletal formulae of hexane
Week 13
© Pearson Education Ltd 2008This document may have been altered from the original
Displayed, structural and skeletal formulae for (a) pentane and (b) 3-methylpentane
Week 13
© Pearson Education Ltd 2008This document may have been altered from the original
Displayed and skeletal formulae for (a) cyclopentane and (b) cyclohexane
Week 13
© Pearson Education Ltd 2008This document may have been altered from the original
Aromatic hydrocarbons
• Draw skeletal formulae for simple molecules containing functional groups.
• Draw and interpret the skeletal formula for complex molecules.
Week 13
© Pearson Education Ltd 2008This document may have been altered from the original
Skeletal formula for pent-2-ene
Week 13
© Pearson Education Ltd 2008This document may have been altered from the original
Week 13
© Pearson Education Ltd 2008This document may have been altered from the original
Skeletal formula for butan-2-ol
Week 13
© Pearson Education Ltd 2008This document may have been altered from the original
Skeletal formula for pentanoic acid
Week 13
© Pearson Education Ltd 2008This document may have been altered from the original
Paracetamol
Week 13
© Pearson Education Ltd 2008This document may have been altered from the original
Retinol, vitamin A
Week 13
© Pearson Education Ltd 2008This document may have been altered from the original
Salbutamol
• Describe structural isomers, stereoisomers and E/Z isomerism, including cis–trans isomerism.
• Determine possible structural formulae and/or stereoisomers from a molecular formula.
Week 13
© Pearson Education Ltd 2008This document may have been altered from the original
Structural isomers of C4H10
Week 13
© Pearson Education Ltd 2008This document may have been altered from the original
Week 13
© Pearson Education Ltd 2008This document may have been altered from the original
Structural isomers of C3H8O
Week 13
© Pearson Education Ltd 2008This document may have been altered from the original
Structural isomers of C3H6O
Week 13
© Pearson Education Ltd 2008This document may have been altered from the original
E and Z isomers of CICH=CHCI
Week 13
© Pearson Education Ltd 2008This document may have been altered from the original
E and Z isomers of but-2-ene
Week 13
© Pearson Education Ltd 2008This document may have been altered from the original
E and Z isomers
• Describe the different types of covalent bond fission – homolytic and heterolytic.
• Define the terms: nucleophile; electrophile; radical; addition; and substitution.
Week 13
© Pearson Education Ltd 2008This document may have been altered from the original
Addition reaction
Week 13
© Pearson Education Ltd 2008This document may have been altered from the original
Week 13
© Pearson Education Ltd 2008This document may have been altered from the original
Substitution reaction