TOWARDS NEW COMPUTATIONAL ARCHITECTURES FOR MASS-COLLABORATIVE OPEN EDUCATIONAL RESOURCES
USE MATERIALS SMARTER, LESS AND LONGER: TOWARDS … · Source: Christmann P. 2017 - Towards a More...
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USEMATERIALSSMARTER,LESSANDLONGER:TOWARDSENERGYTRANSITION
SpringtijAcademy,Groningen
December7,2018
‹N°›
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• Theworldisfacingaperiodofhugechange.Threemegatrends(Urbanization,electrificationandboomingofthemiddleclass)willhavehugeimpactsontheglobalandlocalecosystemsaswellasontheeconomicsofmaterials:
• 34,000passengeraircraftsmaybeneededby2036:40%replacementand60%growth
• Electricvehiclesmayaccountfor54%ofnewcarsalesin2040• Shipmentsforsmartphonesareexpectedtoreach1,9billionunitsin2018:10foldthenumberachievedin2009
• Thatcouldputtheresourcesofourplanetunderincrediblepressure.TemporaryorlongtermbottlenecksofcriticalmaterialssuchasCobalt,Copper,LithiumorNickelmayoccur.
• Theworld’sresourcesglutisonatrajectoryleadingtounsustainablesituations,includingonwastemanagementandlandfilldisposal
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Facing A World Challenge
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Facing A World Challenge: key drivers for the 21st Century
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Datasources:UNPopulationDivision;KharasH.-2017-Theunprecedentedexplosionoftheglobal-middleclass-Anupdate-BrookingsInstitute,GlobalEconomy&DevelopmentWorkingPaper100
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Demandscenario2013-2050forinfrastructuremetalsandformineralsneededforfoodproductionSource:ChristmannP.2017-TowardsaMoreEquitableUseofMineralResources-NaturalResourcesResearch-Onlineedition:DOI:10.1007/s11053-017-9343-6
Facing A World Challenge
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Some of the impacts of climate change mitigation strategies
WorldBankscenarioonthedemandformetalsrelatedtorenewableenergyproduction,storageanddistributionupto2050.Source:ArrobasD.L.P.,HundK.L.,Lori,MccormickM.S.,Ningthoujam,J.,Drexhage,J.R.-2017-TheGrowingRoleofMineralsforaLowCarbonFuture-WorldBank
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• Decoupleeconomicgrowthandmaterialsconsumptionwhilecreatingvalueforourindustries
• Changemindsetsandbehaviorsinordertousematerialssmarter,lessandlonger
• IndustryLeaders(MNCs,SMEsandStartUps),Politicalleaders(Internationalorganizations,NationsandBigCities)andKeyOpinionLeaders(academia,experts,media,NGOs).
• Speakwithfactsandfigures,usecollectiveintelligencefromacademia,industry,policymakersandresearchtodevelopactionablerecommendationsandsharesolutionsthroughourglobal&digitalnetworkinordertospeedupimplementation.
Promoting A Global Answer
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Done:• 4editionssince2015,50plenarysessionsandworkshopsand1000participantsfrom30countries(60
CEOS&280• ComexofMNCs,130CEOsofStart-ups,170PublicInstitutions,260Academia&experts)Thepartners:• 14CEOsofMNCsfromallpartsoftheworld(2US,1Japan,1Canada,1Vietnam,1UK,1Belgium,1
Norway,1Germany,5France),3Publicentities(1EEC,1National,1BigCity)and9KeyOpinionleaders(4consultingfirms,
• 3universities,1mediaand1blog)Theoutcome:• Since2015:theWMFCriticalityAssessment-ayearlysurveyoncriticalmaterialsfuturesupply/demand
sharedbytoplevelexperts&industryleaders• Since2016:theWMF“smarter,lessandlonger”toolkit(KPIssharedbyallindustrysectors)• Since2017:theWMFStartUpChallenge• Since2018:theWMFMonthlyNewsletter• Throughout:numerousfieldprojectsinmaterialsscience,supplychainanddigitaltechnologies
The World Materials Forum
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A 2018 outcome
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The « smarter, less and longer » toolkit
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• Addingoperabilityandreparabilityontopofweightintoaircraftdesignobjectives:only0,8%A350flightssuffertechnicaldelaysabove15mnsonlyoneyearafteraircraftlaunch(WMFKPI:OverallProductUsage)
• SwitchingfromTitaniumtoHEXCELthermosetcompositematerialonsomeA350fuselagedoorframewithmorethan20%improvementofmechanicalperformancetoweight.FuturedevelopmentareunderwaywithsuppliersofthermoplasticcompositessuchasARKEMA&SOLVAY(WMFKPI:ProductPerformancevsWeight)
• Developingcloselooprecycling:withCONSTELLIUMAluminiumLithium,75%rawmaterialvolumeiscollectedafterdownstreamprocessingandreinjectedwithintheupstreamcastingprocess(WMFKPI:%ofrecycledmaterialsintonewproduct)
• Fromsubstractivetoadditivemanufacturing:thefirstprototypeofALM/3Dpart(A320NeoPylonbracket)hasbeenjustbeenfabricatedatGKNwith54%weightsaving(WMFKPI:BuytoUse).
• Reuseofequipment:AirbushasestablishedajointbusinesswithSUEZ&SAFRANinordertoreuse500to1500suchequipment(fromservovalvetoengine)perdecommissionedaircraft(WMFKPI:ProductLifetime)
Example of “smarter, less and longer”: Airbus
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Theidea:• Identifybreakthroughideasthatmeetthetriplewinofmeetingtheneedsinmaterialsrequiredbyourcitizens,ensuringprofitabilityofourindustriesandusingmaterialssmarter,lessandlonger.
Thejury:• AcombinationofWMFSteeringCommittee,Industryrepresentatives(CGG,FPT,RioTinto,Total),academia/research(Berkeley,MinesParisTech,SpécialChem,Stanford,UCSanDiego).
Thenextsteps:• OrganizeayearlyeditionandcreateacommunityofWMFstartuppersinordertospeedup,communicateand
• celebrateonsuccessesinusingmaterialssmarter,lessandlonger.
The Start Up Challenge
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CITRINE(RedwoodCity,California),GRANDPRIX2017:Artificialandpredictiveintelligencetechnology,whichenablea2-5xaccelerationofthematerialsdevelopmentprocessforalltypesofmaterials.CUBERG(Berkeley,California),GRANDPRIX2018:Non-flammableandthermallystableliquidelectrolytethatresultsinhighenergydensity&verysafemetal/lithiumrechargeablebatteries.SEPION(Berkeley,California),CoupdeCoeur2017:Longerlastingionlithiumbatteries(600kms)atfairpricethankstonewmembranetechnology&nomorecrossoverofundesirableionsacrossbatteryseparator.POLYSTYVERT(Montréal,Canada),CoupdeCoeur2018:Recycledpolystyrenewiththepropertiesofvirginmaterialsthankstoabilitytoseparatedissolvedpolystyrenefromthesolvent+IndepthpurificationprocesstoupcycleKEEY(Mulhouse,France),ParticipantsAward2017:HighvaluevalorizationofsilicacontainingConstructionandDemolitionWasteforenergy-efficientbuildingsconstructionandrefurbishment,bytheirintegrationasaerogelmaterialswithonly15%ofthethicknessrequiredforthesamethermalinsulationfactor.SMALLMATEK(Aveiro,Portugal),EITAward2018:Chromiumfreemetalcorrosionprotectiontechnologythatgreatlyincreasesmetalcorrosionresistancewhilerequiringlowerconsumptionofadditivesthankstoencapsulatednanostructuredcorrosioninhibitorsintocoatings.
The 6 awards in 2017/2018
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• Talcfilledpolyolefinsthatallowforselfrepairingscratchesvehicleinteriorsurfacesthanksto(SpecialChem)–UseLonger
• Betterknowledgeofactualuseofcars:15/20%functionalitiesreductioninnewPSAmodels-UseLess
• LightweightingANDrecyclingoffshorewindturbineblades(Arkema)–UseLess
• Materialsformedfrombothinorganicandorganiccomponentsengineeredandfabricatedatmoleculardimensions(Stanford)–UseSmarter
• Hafnium«the»Frenchcriticalmaterialforavarietyofapplicationsinthefieldofelectronicsandaeronautics(CEALeti/Areva)–UseSmarter
• Additivemanufacturingforpolymers,metalsandceramics(Carbon3D,EOS)–UseLess
• DigitalflightmapsforAmericanAirlinespilots:from70poundspaperto1.5poundofIpad-UseLess
Some WMF Field projects
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Promotemeaningfullabelsasavirtuousmarketingtool• AvoidLCA«paralysisbyanalysis»• Keyforconstruction,consumergoods,recyclingFacilitatethedevelopment,harmonizationandsimplificationofvoluntarynormsandstandards• NandStobedevelopedforsecondarymaterials• NandStobesimplified–4200EUstandards!Championminimalandeffectiveregulationsthatsecureconsumerprotectionandbalanceeconomicvalue
Norms, standards, regulations and labels
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Aglobalnetworkofstakeholderscommittedto:• speakwithrealfactsandfigures• developrecommendationsandsolutions• changemindsetsandbehaviorsInordertoUseMaterialsSmarter,LessandLongerWHATDOYOUTHINK?
WMF in a nutshell
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