U.S. HistoryU.S. History

The Allies Strike Back: Section 2

Words to KnowWords to Know Partisan: A person who strongly believes in

a cause.

Amphibious landing: A planned movement of troops from the sea.

North Africa and ItalyNorth Africa and Italy Allies wanted to

control North Africa: Planned to attack

Italy

Germany and Italy also wanted N. Africa: Fought for 3 years Desert fighting

October 1942October 1942 Erwin Rommel:

German General N. Africa

British troops hit Rommel’s forces in the east

2 weeks later: American troops

made contact with Rommel’s forces

May 1943, Rommel defeated

PartisansPartisans Allies moved north

across Med. Sea: Attacked Italy

By this time many Italians had turned against Mussolini (fascists): Disliked Nazi’s

Became partisans who fought the Germans

FightFight Hitler sent troops

to Italy to fight the Allies: Thousands are

killed Nazi’s driven form

Italy

June 1944, Allied forces had won

War in the PacificWar in the PacificSpring of 1942

Allies moved across Pacific

Aircraft carrier moved within 700 miles of Japan: Carried 16 lightweight

American bombers

Bombers headed for Tokyo: Bombed factories Railroad yards Navy base

Japanese were shocked: No enemy had ever attacked

their homeland

After BombingAfter Bombing Japanese pushed closer to

U.S. territory

Japanese fleet headed for Midway Island

U.S. fleet sailed to meet the Japanese

U.S. Navy code experts figured out secret messages being sent between ships: U.S. ships knew where

enemy ships were going to be

June 4, 1942June 4, 1942 American planes

attacked Japanese planes: Japanese caught

by surprise Suffered great

losses

Battle of Midway was the first big defeat for the Japanese

Island-hopingIsland-hoping Japanese held many

islands in the Pacific

Americans wanted to capture the islands: Use them to attack

other Japanese bases Cut off Japanese

form supplies

MarinesMarines Island-hoping:

Used the Marines to make amphibious landings on certain islands

Islands that were taken became air supply bases for attacks on other islands

1943-1944: U.S. forces moved across

the Pacific Japanese forces were

being pushed back to Japan

Navajo Code TalkersNavajo Code Talkers 400+ Navajos served

in the Marines as “Code Talkers”

Navajo language worked well as a code: Difficult to understand Every sound meant

something Meaning can change if

a speaker’s voice is low or high

Never broken

Class WorkChapter 22 Section 2 Crossword