US History Ch 4.4
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Transcript of US History Ch 4.4
U.S. History
Chapter 4: The English Colonies
Section 4: The Southern & Middle Colonies
Tolerant Maryland
• Catholics persecuted in England
• 1632: Cecilius Calvert aka Lord Baltimore granted charter by James I
• Colony named Maryland Cecilius Calvert
a.k.a Lord Baltimore
Tolerant Maryland
• Proprietary colony
• Turned to tobacco for profit
• 1640s: Protestants arrive in growing numbers
Tolerant Maryland
•Religious Toleration Act of 1649:
–Made restricting rights of Christians a crime
–Enacted to ease tensions between Catholics & Protestants in Maryland
The Carolinas
• 1663: Charles II gives land to 8 of his supporters
• Proprietary colony
• Single colony until 1712
The Carolinas
•Most colonists in NC from Virginia
•Settlers from British West Indies brought slaves to SC
•Rice grown in SC
The Carolinas
•Rice production required large amounts of slave labor
•1730: 20,000 slaves in SC
•1719/1729: SC/NC made royal colonies
Diversity in New York & New Jersey
• 1613: Dutch founded New Netherland
• New Amsterdam: center of fur trade
• Land grants & religious tolerance
New Amsterdam was later renamed New York City
Diversity in New York & New Jersey
• Peter Stuyvesant: became director general of colony in 1647
• 1664: English took control of New Amsterdam without a shot
Peter Stuyvesant
Diversity in New York & New Jersey
• Duke of York makes Sir George Carteret & John Lord Berkeley proprietors of New Jersey
• Diverse population
The Pennsylvania Experiment
•Quakers—Protestant group that believed all people had an inner goodness
The Pennsylvania Experiment
•William Penn—Quaker leader who established a colony
William Penn
The Pennsylvania Experiment
•Low land prices
•Religious freedom
•Representative self-government
The Ideal of Georgia
•1732: George II grants James Oglethorpe charter to establish colony for debtors
James Oglethorpe
The Ideal of Georgia
•Buffer Zone
•Prohibited large land grants, slavery
•1752: Becomes a royal colony