US HISTORYUnit 7, Week 1

Homework for the weekMonday• Cornell Notes from the textbook on your paper topic

Tues/Wed• Develop your thesis

Thursday• Read and Cornell Notes on p.507-509• Study Vocab for a card quiz

Friday• Essay outline due on Monday

Agenda, Monday, 2/3• HOT ROC• Review key points• Marshall Plan and Molotov Plan – understanding the

ideological differences

HW: Cornell Notes from textbook on your paper topic

HOT ROC• Sorting the following terms into these three categories:

economic assistance, foreign policy or alliances

• NATO• Warsaw Pact

• Truman Doctrine• World Bank

• Marshall Plan• Molotov Plan• Containment

NATO: North Atlantic Treaty Organization

• 1949• Military alliance• 28 Member

nations

“The Parties of NATO agreed that an armed attack against one or more of them in Europe or North America shall be considered an attack against them all.”

Warsaw Pact

• 1955-1991• Military alliance• Soviet Union, Central and Eastern Europe

NATO and Warsaw

“Soviet Threat”• Brainstorm:

• Why was there conflict between the USSR & the US? Was one nation more responsible?

• Possible reasons:• Division of Germany• Nuclear technology and

competition• NATO vs Warsaw Pact• Marshall vs. Molotov Plans• Ideological differences between

communism and capitalism

Economic causes of the Cold War

• Is capitalism more fair than communism?

•What aspects of communism most scared Americans?

Agenda, Tues-Wed, 2/4-2/5• Writing workshop

• Pre-writing – using info from the textbook• Computer lab time to research, Evaluating Sources info• Work on thesis development, Using handouts

HW: Develop your thesis

RESEARCH PAPERCHECKLIST

WORKSHOP SECTIONS:

CONTENT

CITATION

CAREFUL ATTENTION TO DETAIL

THE CONTENT

1. Pre-write

2. Thesis statement & Outline

3. Claim sentences

4. Organization

5. Support

6. Introduction

7. Conclusion

Pre-Write: Table of Contents

1. Prompt selection

2. Prompt analysis

3. Brainstorm

4. Research

Pre-write• those who have selected their prompt and brainstormed

for ideas can move on to “The Thesis” slide.

Pre-write: selection• Read through the prompts and select the one about which

you feel most comfortable and knowledgeable.

• This selection might change as you plan out your response.

Pre-write: prompt analysis

• Analyze the question. Some prompts will ask you to state a viewpoint, some will ask you to discuss/explain (decide which).

• Are all parts of the prompt understandable? What information would you need to include?

• Look at the key terms and guiding questions. • Ask for clarification from instructor if necessary

Pre-write: brainstorm part 1

• Prompt #4: Identify the main threats to American security during the Cold War (possible answers could include espionage, nuclear war, expansion of communism, falling behind in the arms race)

• Topic: threats to US security during Cold War• Select 3-4 big concepts: espionage, nuclear war, communism, arms

race

Pre-write: brainstorm part 2

• For each concept, write down the definition and how it was a threat. (for other prompts, write how the concept proves or is related to the topic)

• Research for better definition and ideas

Research• Textbook and other books• Online resources

- use variety of search words

(e.g., US and Soviet Union dislike; difference; distrust; mistrust; suspicion) -> use synonyms

- make sure the source is reliable

(is it just a blogger? An organization? Does it cite sources?)

#7

EVALUATING SOURCES

THE CITATIONEvaluating Sources is one of the most important part of your research process. A writer must consider the authority and value of each source (interview, database article, book, film, etc. . .) .

Strong source materials help the reader trust the research. It’s your responsibility to make sure all of your sources are credible.

NOTE: PLEASE REFER TO THE EVALUATING SOURCES GPAW WORKSHOP FOR REVIEW.

THE CITATION

When considering a source for your paper, be sure you know who wrote it. Many times this information helps us determine if the source is credible (or not), if the writer has done her own research (or not), and if we can rely on this information for our own papers (or not).

Consider:Name?Degree?Expertise?Contact information?Other contributions to topic/field?

THE CITATIONHere are some things to note when considering sources:

Along with authorship, consider:1. When was it published? 2. Is there any biased language?3. Are the references listed?4. Are there any grammatical errors or

misspelled words?5. Is it a scholarly source or not?6. Is it from a .net or .com?

Again: Refer to Evaluating Sources GPAW for help

THE CITATIONPRINT THIS SLIDE FOR ACTIVITY # 7FILL IN EACH BOX WITH INFORMATION FROM ONE OF YOUR SOURCES.

ARTICLE TITLE

AUTHOR’S NAME

WHEN PUBLISHED?

HOW RELIABLE?

Where found? Library database? Google?

Degree? Is it current? .COM?.NET? .ORG?.EDU .GOV

Scholarly? Is it Peer Reviewed?

GENERAL INTEREST?

Contact Info? Topic explored? Any slang?List here.

OTHER? ANY OTHER INFO? Is timeliness important?

Any generalizations?

List here

THE CITATION

Remember, if you think that a source might not be reliable, do two things:

1. Please see your instructor for clarity.2. Do not be afraid to set that source aside, and find a more reliable one.

#1

THE THESIS

Thesis definition

Thesis Statement=

What you plan to argue + How you plan to argue it

Bad example:

-> doesn’t include a specific topic

-> doesn’t include a plan of argument

Thesis statement• If your prompt asks for a viewpoint: agree, disagree, or quantify

• If your prompt asks for an analysis: Identify and consider most important ideas. Then discuss what happens in a specific event and why it is significant.

If your prompt asks to discuss:

Summarize the overall content of your topic. Then pick out 1 or 2 points and say what you think about it. You can say the pro and con about the items involved.

THE CONTENT

The following are characteristics of a thesis. Is it :

CLEAR

ARGUABLE

APPROPRIATELY QUALIFIED

THE CONTENT The following examples show a thesis sentence that is not clear and one that is clear.

INCOMPLETE THESIS COMPLETE THESIS

It decreases one’s ability to perform Smoking decreases one’s ability to

quality work in the workplace. perform quality work in the workplace.

This is not a thesis statement because This is a thesis statement because the

it is not clear. What does the work “it” topic is clear: smoking.

mean?

THE CONTENT The following examples show a thesis statement that is

not arguable and one that is arguable:

INCOMPLETE THESIS

SMOKING IS DANGEROUS TO A PERSON’S HEALTH.

This is not a thesis statement because it is not arguable.

COMPLETE THESIS

SMOKING DECREASES ONE’S ABILITY TO PERFORM QUALITY WORK AT THE WORKPLACE.

This is a thesis statement because it is arguable.

THE CONTENT The following examples show a thesis statement that is

not appropriately qualified and one that is appropriately qualified

INCOMPLETE THESIS COMPLETE THESIS

Everyone knows that smoking Researchers maintain smokingdecreases one’s ability to perform decreases one’s ability toquality work in the workplace. perform quality work in the workplace.

This is not a thesis statement because This is a thesis statement because it is not appropriately qualified. “Everyone” “[r]esearchers maintain” is appropriatelyIs too vague. qualified. “Researchers” is a specific topic.

Thesis checkExchange your thesis with a peer.Check their thesis:

- includes an opinion/argument about the prompt?

-includes a plan on how they will argue?

-all meanings clear?

- nothing vague?

Outline

• Check if you have enough information to fit in the outline ->

Agenda, Thursday, 2/6• HOT ROC• State Department activity (in groups)

• HW: Read and Cornell Notes on p.507-509, instead of a summary, respond to the question: Did the US lose China?• Study Vocab for a card quiz

Foreign Policy during Truman/Eisenhower

• Directions: As a group decide the best course of action for the United States to take in each of the scenarios described.

• Imagine you’re in the State Dept and in charge of deciding our foreign policy.

• Decide what you think is the best course of action to take based on the policies listed on the sheet.

• Explain the policy that you’ve chosen and why you think it will work.

Foreign Policy during Truman/Eisenhower

• Use these policies to help make your decisions and be sure to mention them in your scenario decision.• Truman Doctrine- (1947)• Containment Policy- (1947)• Domino Theory- The belief that U.S. foreign policy should always

assume that if one country “fell” to Communism that the countries near it would fall to Communism- that is, that regions and not just countries need to be protected.(1954)

• Brinkmanship- The United States should be willing to go to the verge of war and use this as a threat to achieve what we want overseas.

• Eisenhower Doctrine- The policy of the U.S. will be to safeguard the independence of any country or group of countries in the Middle East requesting aid against [Communist-inspired] aggression. (1957)

• North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO)- (1949)• Warsaw Pact- (1955)

EUROPE

• Scenario One: In 1947, rebel groups in Greece begin a civil war against the current government. Russia provides the rebels with weapons, while Great Britain arms the existing government, a dictatorship. Great Britain, feeling overwhelmed, asks the United States to help out.

• Pick one of the following five actions to take and write a summary of the scenario and your decision in your notebook;• Refuse to get involved• Help by sending money to Great Britain

and/or Greece.• Help by sending weapons• Help by sending air and/or ground troops to

fight • Make your own solution

• For each Decision, answer the following:• Why did you make this decision?• Which of the policies or agreements are you

employing in your decision?• How do you expect the Soviet Union to respond

to your actions and/or what message are you sending to the Soviet Union?

• Scenario One: In 1947, rebel groups in Greece begin a civil war against the current government. Russia provides the rebels with weapons, while Great Britain arms the existing government, a dictatorship. Great Britain, feeling overwhelmed, asks the United States to help out.

• Pick one of the following five actions to take and write a summary of the scenario and your decision in your notebook;• Refuse to get involved• Help by sending money to Great Britain and/or

Greece. • This was the basis for the Truman Doctrine.

• Help by sending weapons• Help by sending air and/or ground troops to fight

Make your own solution

• Scenario Two: In 1956, Hungarians rebelled against Russia’s control of their country. They are protesting in the streets that they want more freedom. The Soviet Union reacts by sending tanks into Hungary to stop the rebellion. The Hungarians are not nearly as strong as the Russians and their only hope for more freedom is if an outside country gets involved.

• Do you:• Refuse to get involved• Help by sending money to Hungary• Help by sending arms to Hungary• Help by sending air and/or ground

troops to fight • Make up your own solution

• For each Decision, answer the following:• Why did you make this decision?• Which of the policies or agreements are you

employing in your decision?• How do you expect the Soviet Union to

respond to your actions and/or what message are you sending to the Soviet Union?

• Scenario Two: In 1956, Hungarians rebelled against Russia’s control of their country. They are protesting in the streets that they want more freedom. The Soviet Union reacts by sending tanks into Hungary to stop the rebellion. The Hungarians are not nearly as strong as the Russians and their only hope for more freedom is if an outside country gets involved.

• Do you:• Refuse to get involved

• Hungary was part of the Warsaw Pact and we thought it would provoke the Russians to war if we got involved.

• Help by sending money to Hungary• Help by sending arms to Hungary• Help by sending air and/or ground troops

to fight • Make up your own solution

ASIA

• Scenario One: After World War II, Korea was liberated from Japanese control and divided into 2 countries: North and South Korea. North Korea was controlled by Russia, and South Korea was controlled by a right-wing dictatorship. In 1950, North Korea attempted to reunite the country by invading South Korea.

• Do you:• Refuse to get involved• Send money to help • Send air and/or ground troops • None of these suggestions

works, I would rather do:

• For each Decision, answer the following:• Why did you make this decision?• Which of the policies or agreements are you

employing in your decision?• How do you expect the Soviet Union to

respond to your actions and/or what message are you sending to the Soviet Union?

• Scenario One: After World War II, Korea was liberated from Japanese control and divided into 2 countries: North and South Korea. North Korea was controlled by Russia, and South Korea was controlled by a right-wing dictatorship. In 1950, North Korea attempted to reunite the country by invading South Korea.

• Do you:• Refuse to get involved• Send money to help • Send air and/or ground troops

• Working together with other countries through the United Nations, we fought a war in Korea for 3 years that ended with North and South Korea remaining 2 separate countries with the exact same border as at the beginning of the war.

• None of these suggestions works, I would rather do:

• Scenario Two: After World War II, A Vietnamese leader named Ho Chi Minh writes to President Truman and asks for the US to help him and his people fight against France for their freedom. Truman does not respond. Later, President Eisenhower sends money to help Frances in its fight against Ho Chi Minh. In 1954 the Vietnamese finally succeed in driving the French out of their country after a stunning victory at Diem Bien Phu. At the peace treaty it is agreed that Vietnam will be divided into the North (communist) and the South (democratic). The North believes that this division is temporary and that they will reunite with the South, but France and the US assume that this division is permanent.

Do you:• Leave Vietnam to its own future• Leave US soldiers in Vietnam

to help the South get started as a government

• Help the South build up a military so it can take over the North.

• None of these suggestions works, I would rather do:

For each Decision, answer the following:

• Why did you make this decision?• Which of the policies or agreements

are you employing in your decision?• How do you expect the Soviet Union

to respond to your actions and/or what message are you sending to the Soviet Union?

• Scenario Two: After World War II, A Vietnamese leader named Ho Chi Minh writes to President Truman and asks for the US to help him and his people fight against France for their freedom. Truman does not respond. Later, President Eisenhower sends money to help Frances in its fight against Ho Chi Minh. In 1954 the Vietnamese finally succeed in driving the French out of their country after a stunning victory at Diem Bien Phu. At the peace treaty it is agreed that Vietnam will be divided into the North (communist) and the South (democratic). The North believes that this division is temporary and that they will reunite with the South, but France and the US assume that this division is permanent.

Do you:• Leave Vietnam to its own future• Leave US soldiers in Vietnam to

help the South get started as a government

• Help the South build up a military so it can take over the North.• This becomes the Vietnam

War. More on that later.• None of these suggestions

works, I would rather do:

LATIN AMERICA

• Scenario One: In Cuba, a local guerilla fighter, Fidel Castro, was fighting to create a government that represented the needs of the working people. The current dictator, Batista, was unpopular with everyone and had connections to organized crime in America. In 1958, Castro succeeds and Batista flees the country. Castro seizes American property in Cuba and begins accepting financial and military aid from the Soviet Union.

Do you:• Refuse to get involved• Cut off diplomatic ties with the

country.• Send money and weapons to

armed rebels who will try and overthrow Castro.

• Use American troops to invade Cuba.

• None of these suggestions works, I would rather do:

For each Decision, answer the following:• Why did you make this decision?• Which of the policies or agreements

are you employing in your decision?• How do you expect the Soviet Union

to respond to your actions and/or what message are you sending to the Soviet Union?

• Scenario One: In Cuba, a local guerilla righter, Fidel Castro, was fighting to create a government that represented the needs of the working people. The current dictator, Batista, was unpopular with everyone and had connections to organized crime in America. In 1958, Castro succeeds and Batista flees the country. Castro seizes American property in Cuba and begins accepting financial and military aid from the Soviet Union.

Do you:• Refuse to get involved• Cut off diplomatic ties with the

country.• US starts an embargo that

prevents buying, selling or traveling to Cuba.

• Send money and weapons to armed rebels who will try and overthrow Castro.

• This is a covert operation that is later tried and fails.

• Use American troops to invade Cuba.• None of these suggestions works, I

would rather do:

• Scenario Two: American companies have been located in Latin America for over a hundred years. During the 1920s, the US had stopped a revolution by the people in Nicaragua and Honduras that would have thrown out the dictators who helped out American businesses. High rates of poverty are leading to new groups of people in these countries suggesting that they try communism.

Do you:• Refuse to get involved in the

internal affairs of a country.• Send money and weapons to the

people who oppose the communists.

• Form an alliance with the existing governments that says you will all work together to resist takeover

• None of these suggestion works, I would rather do:

For each Decision, answer the following:

• Why did you make this decision?• Which of the policies or

agreements are you employing in your decision?

• How do you expect the Soviet Union to respond to your actions and/or what message are you sending to the Soviet Union?

• Scenario Two: American companies have been located in Latin America for over a hundred years. During the 1920s, the US had stopped a revolution by the people in Nicaragua and Honduras that would have thrown out the dictators who helped out American businesses. High rates of poverty are leading to new groups of people in these countries suggesting that they try communism.

Do you:• Refuse to get involved in the internal

affairs of a country.• Send money and weapons to the

people who oppose the communists.• We secretly train and arm one

side of this conflict and thereby draw out the civil war.

• Form an alliance with the existing governments that says you will all work together to resist takeover

• None of these suggestion works, I would rather do:

MIDDLE EAST

• Scenario One: In 1948, Jewish people create the new nation of Israel, a democracy. Neighboring Arab nations and Arabs native to Israel, known as Palestinians immediately oppose the formation of the country and declare war. The U.S. decides to back Israel in this war but then worries that the Arab nations will seek support from the Soviet Union.

Do you:• Continue to support Israel whenever it

fights the Arabs• Try to also form alliances with the Arabs

without losing the alliance with Israel• Pull out of your alliance with Israel in

order to keep the Cold War from spreading to the Middle East.

• Try to get a peace agreement between the countries so as to keep the Russians out of Middle East.

• None of these suggestions works, I would rather do:

For each Decision, answer the following:• Why did you make this decision?• Which of the policies or agreements are

you employing in your decision?• How do you expect the Soviet Union to

respond to your actions and/or what message are you sending to the Soviet Union?

• Scenario One: In 1948, Jewish people create the new nation of Israel, a democracy. Neighboring Arab nations and Arabs native to Israel, known as Palestinians immediately oppose the formation of the country and declare war. The U.S. decides to back Israel in this war but then worries that the Arab nations will seek support from the Soviet Union.

Do you:• Continue to support Israel whenever it

fights the Arabs• Try to also form alliances with the Arabs

without losing the alliance with Israel• Pull out of your alliance with Israel in

order to keep the Cold War from spreading to the Middle East.

• Try to get a peace agreement between the countries so as to keep the Russians out of Middle East.

• None of these suggestions works, I would rather do:

• Scenario Two: In 1956, the Egyptian leader, Nasser, seizes control of the Suez Canal, which is located in Egypt but owned by Great Britain. The Suez Canal is of amazing strategic value since it allows ships to go from the Mediterranean Sea to the Indian Ocean, thereby sailing from Europe to Asia without having to go around Africa. Great Britain and France declare war and fight Egypt. Nasser gets support from the Soviet Union and the Soviet Union threatens “dangerous consequences”(nukes??) if the war continues.

Do you:• Continue to stay uninvolved in the

war and let Great Britain, Egypt and the Soviet Union solve it.

• Convince Great Britain and France to surrender to Egypt and give up the Suez Canal.

• Get involved, risk going to the brink of nuclear war in order to get the Russians to back down.

• None of these suggestions works, I would rather do:

For each Decision, answer the following:• Why did you make this decision?• Which of the policies or agreements

are you employing in your decision?• How do you expect the Soviet Union to

respond to your actions and/or what message are you sending to the Soviet Union?

• Scenario Two: In 1956, the Egyptian leader, Nasser, seizes control of the Suez Canal, which is located in Egypt but owned by Great Britain. The Suez Canal is of amazing strategic value since it allows ships to go from the Mediterranean Sea to the Indian Ocean, thereby sailing from Europe to Asia without having to go around Africa. Great Britain and France declare war and fight Egypt. Nasser gets support from the Soviet Union and the Soviet Union threatens “dangerous consequences”(nukes??) if the war continues.

Do you:• Continue to stay uninvolved in the war

and let Great Britain, Egypt and the Soviet Union solve it.

• Convince Great Britain and France to surrender to Egypt and give up the Suez Canal.

• Get involved, risk going to the brink of nuclear war in order to get the Russians to back down.

• None of these suggestions works, I would rather do:

Agenda, Friday, 2/7• HOT ROC: Vocab card quiz• Summary of what actually happened in the scenarios• Essential question: Is there an appropriate way for countries to

approach developing new weapons?• Nuclear arms race

• T-chart on reasons for and reasons against the US having nuclear weapons. Label your items as domestic policy or foreign policy.

• Read 39.5• Weapons testing video clip

• 2013: Drones• Video clip• Add to your t-chart

• HW: Essay outline due on Monday

HOT ROC- Cartoon Analysis

US nuclear powerDirections: After brainstorming 3-4 reasons for each side, label your reasons as focused on domestic policy or foreign policy

Reasons for US to build up nuclear weapons

Reasons against the US having nuclear weapons

1.

2.

3.

1.

2.

3.

How have our lives been impacted by nuclear weapons?• The clip you are about to watch is a record of nuclear

weapon testing that has been done by the 9 countries which have nuclear weapons.

• The screen shows the month and the year in the upper right hand corner. It shows the flag of the nation as it develops nuclear weapons and next to the flag it records the number of tests done by that country.

• Complete the chart as you watch.

• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LLCF7vPanrY

Debrief

•Discuss with your partner:•What did you notice watching this?•What did you feel as you watched it?•Look back at your t-chart. How do you feel now about the positives and negatives?

•Class discussion – Is there an appropriate way for a country to develop new weapons?

Today’s new technology: Drones• The military today is in the process of developing

unmanned aircraft that can be used increasingly effectively.

• As you watch this video clip, add a new row to your t-chart for “Drones” and write down positive and negative reasons for using drones as you watch the interview.

• Feel free to also add your own reasons • http://

www.thedailyshow.com/full-episodes/wed-january-23-2013-missy-cummings (start at 13:10 minutes)

Debrief

•Share with your partner:•What did you put down on your t-chart?

•Do you think drones are making us safer or more in danger? Why?