U.S. Higher Education Policy Forum: Increasing Access, Quality and Completion by 2020

Martha KanterUnder Secretary of EducationNew York UniversityNovember 7, 2011

“By 2020, America will once again have the highest proportion of college graduates in the world... So tonight I ask every American to commit to at least one year or more of higher education or career training... every American will need to get more than a high school diploma.”

President Barack ObamaAddress to Joint Session of Congress

February 24, 2009

“America cannot lead in the 21st century unless we have the best educated, most competitive workforce in the world.”

President Barack ObamaRemarks on Higher Education

April 24, 2009

2

Less than high school10%

High school grad-uate28%

Associate's degree17%

Some college12%

Bachelor's degree23%

Graduate degree10%

3

Education Requirements for Jobs, 2018

Georgetown University, Center on Education and the Workforce, 2010 p. 14 http://www9.georgetown.edu/grad/gppi/hpi/cew/pdfs/FullReport.pdf

No High

Scho

ol

High Sc

hool

Some C

ollege

Associ

ate's D

egree

Bache

lor's D

egree

Master'

s Deg

ree

Doctora

l Deg

ree

Profes

siona

l Degr

ee$0

$20,000

$40,000

$60,000

$80,000

$100,000

$120,000

$19,600 $26,700 $31,000 $32,700 $42,700

$51,100 $68,800 $74,400

$4,700 $7,100

$8,700 $9,300

$13,000

$16,200

$23,100 $25,600

Earnings & Tax Payments by Educational Attainment

Taxes PaidAfter-Tax Earn-ing

Sources: The College Board, Education Pays, 2010

$100,000

$91,900

$67,300

$55,700

$42,000$39,700

$33,800

$24,300

Projected Labor Supply and Demand, 2020

Source: McKinsey Global Institute, An Economy that Works: Job Creation and America’s Future, 2011

0.0%

10.0%

20.0%

30.0%

40.0%

50.0%

60.0%

70.0%

80.0%

26.5%20.0%

68.9%

23.1%18.8%

45.7%

60.0%

American Community Survey 2007-2009

Current Educational Attainment% if Adults Age 25-34 with an Associate’s Degree or Higher

The Achievement Gap Persists

Low Income Students have a Lower Graduation Rate

0.0%10.0%20.0%30.0%40.0%50.0%60.0%70.0%

58.0%

22.9%35.8%

19.1%

43.3%

25.2%

All income levels At or below poverty level 101-150% of poverty level

U.S. Department of Education 2009Beginning Postsecondary Students Study

Mississ

ippi

Missouri

New Mexic

oOhio

Tennesse

eTe

xas

Washington

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

Certificates - 2005 full-time cohort within 2 years

Associate's - 2004 full-time cohort within 3 years

Bachelor's - 2002 full-time cohort within 6 years

Complete College America, September 2011

Pell Grant Graduation Rates are Inconsistent

9

Percentage of Adults Age 25-34with Postsecondary Education

(Associate Degree of Higher in U.S. per 2008 Current Population Survey, U.S. Census Bureau)

Source: OECD Education at a Glance 2011

Table A1.3a Population with tertiary education (2009)

Reductions in State Funding

Minneso

ta

North D

akota

Alaska

Rhode

Islan

d

Hawaii

Arkan

sas

MaineNew

Jersey

Nebras

ka

Mississ

ippi

Tennes

see

Conn

ecticu

t

Kansa

sUtah Ida

hoTex

asSou

th Caro

lina

Missour

i

Georgi

a

Wiscon

sin

OregonMich

igan

Pennsy

lvania

Califo

rnia

Arizon

a

-60.0%

-50.0%

-40.0%

-30.0%

-20.0%

-10.0%

0.0%

10.0%

20.0%

Approximate Percentage Change in FY 2012 State Operating Support for Four-Year Public

Universities AASCU, 2007-2011N

o D

ata

No

Dat

a

11

President Obama’s2020 Strategic Vision and Goals

Goal•10 million more graduates from community

colleges, four-year colleges and universities by 2020 (beyond 2+ million expected due to growth)

Goal •Every American completes one year or more of higher education or advanced training in his/her lifetime

Result

•“Best educated, most competitive workforce in the world”

Achieving the 2020College Completion Goal

Increase the U.S. College Degree Attainment Rate

from 41 to 60% 10 million more Americans ages 25-34 with

an associate or baccalaureate degree(8 million beyond 2+ million projected growth) A third will come from high schools - 3.7 million more high school graduates will

become college graduatesTwo thirds will be adult learners

- 6.3 million adults will become college graduatesNote: The attainment rate reflects the number of individuals in

the population who have attained the degree or diploma. This differs from the graduation/completion rate, which measures the number of individuals within a cohort who graduate or complete their program within a certain amount of time.

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Access Close the opportunity gap by improving

affordability and increasing access to college and workforce training, especially for adult learners, low-income students, and underrepresented 21st century students.

Quality Foster institutional quality with

accountability and transparency.Completion Increase degree and certificate completion

and job placement, with special attention to fast growing first generation, under-represented and economically disadvantaged populations.

Postsecondary Strategic Objectives

The State of Our States:A Snapshot in Time

States with the Lowest Attainment Rates as well as Graduation Rates

Attainmen

t Rate 6yr Grad

Rate

Alabama 30.2 47.2 Alaska 30.4 30.0 Arizona 31.6 27.6 Arkansas 27.0 42.1 Idaho 33.5 40.3 Louisiana 28.6 41.5 Nevada 27.4 39.6 New Mexico 29.0 39.4 Oklahoma 30.3 46.8 West Virginia 28.8 45.5

States with the Highest Attainment Rates as well as Graduation Rates

Attainmen

t Rate

6-Yr Grad Rate

Connecticut 46.0 65.8 Iowa 45.0 64.9 Maryland 44.9 62.9 Massachusetts 52.7 68.5 Minnesota 48.1 60.6 New Hampshire 43.9 63.3 New Jersey 45.2 62.0 New York 47.3 63.6 Pennsylvania 42.4 66.7 Vermont 63.1 42.3

IPEDS 2008-09: Bachelor’s Degree Seeking StudentsAmerican Community Survey 2007-2009

Noteworthy State Efforts PERFORMANCE-

BASED FUNDINGCOLLEGE AND

CAREER ALIGNMENT

TRANSFER AND ARTICULATION

EFFICIENCY AND

PRODUCTIVITYACCELERATED

LEARNINGAFFORDABILIIT

YLEARNING

OUTCOMESOUTREACH TO

ADULTS

Aligned

Standards -- Early

Assessment

Transfer to 4-Year

Innovative Cost

Reductions -- Productivity

-- Equity

Dual or Concurrent

Enrollment -- Revamped

Remedial Ed -- Course Redesign

Tuition Stabilization -- Financial

Aid

Re-Engaging College

Dropouts -- Adult Ed --

Career Pathways

Illinois P P P P P PIndiana P P P P P P P P

Michigan P P PNew York P P P P

Ohio P P P P P P PWisconsin P P P

Mapping of MSIs and the 2020 Goal

Initiatives Launched / OngoingCollege Completion Tool Kit for

StatesData Dashboard for ED WebsiteRequest for Information (RFI)

Open Educational Resources (OER)

FIPSE/First in the World $120 million FIPSE program in President’s 2012

budget proposal Modeled on ED’s I3 program

Will focus on innovation to raise capacity and efficiency in teaching and learning

Aimed at catalyzing a cultural transformation in higher education to create a new dynamic of rising productivity and quality

Grants Reform TRIO – GEAR UP Minority Serving Institutions (MSIs) International Education Programs

Civic Learning and Democratic Engagement

Education’s role in a healthy democracy

AASCU leadership in American Democracy Project

AACC’s Democracy Commitment Initiative

Report from National Task Force: Call to action for government, K-12, higher education, community organizations, employers, foundations

Opportunity for creating a tipping point for growing efforts in civic learning and engagement

RulemakingTeacher Preparation

◦ TEACH Grants◦ Institutional Reporting & State Accountability◦ Nominations due November 25th

Student Loans

◦ Income-based repayment◦ “Naturally readable” Direct Loan regulations◦ Total and permanent disability◦ Nominations due by November 28th

Experimental Sites ◦ Pell Grants◦ Student Eligibility◦ Direct Loan Program

STEM EducationSTEM degrees are in high demand

◦ 4 of the 10 fastest growing occupations are in STEM fields

100,000 STEM teachers in the next decade◦ Effective Teaching and Learning –

Mathematics and Science Partnerships◦ Teacher and Leader Pathways ◦ Presidential Teaching Fellows◦ STEM teacher loan forgiveness

35% of STEM majors complete their degrees◦ Unacceptable rates for women and

students of color

Federal Student AidImprove loan servicing to provide

increased college completion and avoid defaults◦In-school counseling and financial literacy

Implement gainful employment regulations

Increase college affordability by executing the loan consolidation initiative

Enable IHEs to experiment with Pell grants and loans to increase college completion

5 Million More Community College Graduates by 2020◦ October 5, 2010

First White House Summit for Community Colleges◦ February-April 201

Four Regional Summits held◦ May 2011

Virtual Community College Summit held◦ September 2011

$500 Million Trade Adjustment Assistance Community College & Career Training Grants Awarded

◦ Spring 2012 $500 million to be awarded in FY12 (Round 2)

◦ $5 billion investment from the American Jobs Act

Strengthening Community Colleges

Strengthening Community Colleges

College AffordabilityReinventing Developmental

EducationImproving Transfer and

ArticulationImproving Business and Industry

EngagementServing Veterans, Service

Members, and Their FamiliesScaling Effective Practices

White House InitiativeCompletion Agenda

Community Action Summits and Tribal Consultations

Blue Ocean College Completion Strategy

Data systems and indicators improvements

Completion philanthropyPresident’s Interfaith and

Community Service Campus Challenge

Today’s Opportunities2012 Budget Proposals for Expanding

Capacity◦ $5,550 Pell Grants◦ First In The World◦ State College Completion Challenge Grants

Convening Higher Education◦ ACE Presidential Commission◦ SHEEOs, NASH

Identifying, Promoting and Scaling Best Practices

Increasing College-Ready High School Graduates

Improving Retention and Graduation Rates◦ Shorter time to degree ◦ Streamlined business operations ◦ Greater economies of scale for business functions ◦ Program consolidation

A vibrant and prosperous America depends on its educational system – in fact, the future of our democracy depends on the positive contributions of critical thinkers and engaged citizens.