U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY M8.0 Pisco, Peru, … · Guayaquil Manaus Quito ... PAC I F I C O C E A N...
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Map prepared by U.S. Geological Survey National Earthquake Information Center 17 August 2007 Map not approved for release by Director USGS EARTHQUAKE SUMMARY MAP XXX U.S. DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY DISCLAIMER Base map data, such as place names and political boundaries, are the best available but may not be current or may contain inaccuracies and therefore should not be regarded as having official significance. M 8.1 ~M 8 M 8.4 M 8.1 NAZCA PLATE SOUTH AMERICA PLATE Abancay Huancavelica Puno Ica Cuzco Ayacucho Huancayo Cerro De Pasco Huanuco Arequipa Callao Lima Caraibamba PISCO Quinua LIRCAY 2001 1974 1966 1908 1996 1990 1974 1961 1961 1961 1960 1959 1958 1950 1948 1947 1944 1942 1941 1940 1922 1916 70° 70° 72° 72° 74° 74° 76° 76° 78° 78° 10° 14° 16° P E R U - C H I L E T R E N C H A N D E S A N D E S A m a z o n B a s i n L. Titicaca San Ambrosio (Chile) San Felix (Chile) f t ANA AME ECUADOR PARAGUAY BOLIVIA PERU B R A Z C C a r n e gi e R i dg e Nazca Ridge P e r u B a s i n h i l e B a s i n NAZCA PLATE SOUTH AMERICA PLATE NORTH ANDES PLATE 77 mm/yr A A 60° 60° 70° 70° 80° 80° 90° 90° 0° 0° 10° 10° 20° 20° M8.0 Pisco, Peru, Earthquake of 15 August 2007 0 200 400 100 Kilometers Mercator Projection Santiago Del Estero Corrientes Resistencia Posadas Encarnacion Copiapo San Miguel De Tucuman Formosa Puerto Presidente Stroessner Salta San Salvador De Jujuy Antofagasta Pedro Juan Caballero Tarija Iquique Potosi Sucre Tacna Oruro Santa Cruz de La Sierra Cochabamba Puno Cuiaba Trinidad Ica Cuzco Ayacucho Huancayo Cerro De Pasco Rio Branco Huanuco Chimbote Porto Velho Pucallpa Cajamarca Chiclayo Piura Loja Iquitos Machala Cuenca Santarem Babahoyo Riobamba Ambato Portoviejo Macapa Ibarra Esmeraldas Pasto Florencia Popayan Neiva Curitiba Asuncion Campo Grande Goiania La Paz Arequipa Callao Trujillo Manaus Guayaquil Quito Lima 50° 50° 60° 60° 70° 70° 80° 80° 90° 90° 0° 0° 10° 10° 20° 20° DATA SOURCES EARTHQUAKES AND SEISMIC HAZARD USGS, National Earthquake Information Center NOAA, National Geophysical Data Center IASPEI, Centennial Catalog (1900 - 1999) and extensions (Engdahl and Villaseñor, 2002) HDF (unpublished earthquake catalog) (Engdahl, 2003) Global Seismic Hazard Assessment Program PLATE TECTONICS AND FAULT MODEL PB2002 (Bird, 2003) Finite Fault Model, Chen Ji, UC Santa Barbara (2007) BASE MAP NIMA and ESRI, Digital Chart of the World USGS, EROS Data Center NOAA GEBCO and GLOBE Elevation Models 0 400 800 1,200 1,600 200 Kilometers SCALE 1:20,000,000 at the Equator Prepared in cooperation with the Global Seismographic Network Tectonic Setting Seismic Hazard Epicentral Region Near the coast of central Peru 15 August 2007 23:40:56 UTC 13.357° S., 76.521° W. Depth 30.2 km Mw = 8.0 (USGS) An earthquake occurred NEAR THE COAST OF CENTRAL PERU, about 45 km (25 miles) west-northwest of Chincha Alta or about 145 km (90 miles) south-southeast of Lima at 5:40 PM MDT, Aug 15, 2007 (6:40 PM local time in Peru). The magnitude and location may be revised when additional data and further analysis results are available. There have been reports of damage in the Lima area. TECTONIC SUMMARY This earthquake occurred at the boundary between the Nazca and South American tectonic plates. The two plates are converging at a rate of 77 mm per year. The earthquake occurred as thrust-faulting on the interface between the two plates, with the South American plate moving up and seaward over the Nazca plate. Coastal Peru has a history of very large earthquakes. The August 15 shock originated just south of the source region of the magnitude 8.1 earthquake of October 1974 and just north of the source regions of major earthquakes that occurred in August 1942 (magnitude 7.7) and 1996 (magnitude 7.7). The largest coastal Peru earthquake of the last two centuries was the magnitude 9 earthquake of 1868, which was centered about 700 km southeast of the August 15 earthquake. The 1868 shock produced a tsunami that killed several thousand people along the South American coast and also caused damage in Hawaii. EXPLANATION Main Shock Aftershocks Earthquake Magnitude 4.00 - 5.99 6.00 - 6.99 7.00 - 7.99 8.00 - 8.99 9.00 - 9.99 Earthquake Depth 0 - 69 70 - 299 300 - 700 Seismic hazard is expressed as peak ground acceleration (PGA) on firm rock, in meters/sec², expected to be exceeded in a 50-yr period with a probability of 10 percent. EXPLANATION Mag ≥ 7.0 0 - 69 km 70 - 299 300 - 600 Plate Boundaries Subduction Transform Divergent Convergent Volcanoes RELATIVE PLATE MOTIONS The broad red vector represents the motion of the Nazca Plate relative to the South America Plate in the region. The motion of the Nazca Plate is generally northeastward with respect to the South America Plate. 0 400 800 1,200 1,600 200 Kilometers SCALE 1:20,000,000 at the Equator REFERENCES Bird, P., 2003, An updated digital model of plate boundaries: Geochem. Geophys. Geosyst., v. 4, no. 3, pp. 1027- 80. Engdahl, E.R. and Villaseñor, A., 2002, Global Seismicity: 1900 - 1999, chap. 41 of Lee, W.H.K., and others,eds., International Earthquake and Engineering Seismology, Part A: New York, N.Y., Elsevier Academeic Press, 932 p. Engdahl, E.R., Van der Hilst, R.D., and Buland, R.P., 1998, Global teleseismic earthquake relocation with improved trav- el times and procedures for depth determination: Bull. Seism. Soc. Amer., v. 88, p. 722-743. 1:3,000,000 Scale at the Equator Distance along strike 324° (N 36 W) (km) Dip 27° Northeast 0 0 -108 Depth (km) -192 Finite Fault Model FINITE FAULT MODEL Contributed by Chen Ji, University of California at Santa Barbara and Yuehua Zeng, NEIC Distribution of the amplitude and direction of slip for subfault elements (small rectangles) of the fault rupture model are determined from the inversion of teleseismic body waveforms. Arrows indicate the amplitude and direction of slip (of the hanging wall with respect to the foot wall); the slip amount is also color-coded as shown. The view of the rupture plane is from above. The strike of the fault rupture plane is N36W and the dip is 27 NE. The dimensions of the subfault elements are 12 km in the strike direction and 9 km in the dip direction. Slip (cm) 1.07 - 100.00 100.01 - 200.00 200.01 - 300.00 300.01 - 400.00 400.01 - 500.00 500.01 - 600.00 600.01 - 700.00 700.01 - 800.00 800.01 - 900.00 Significant Earthquakes Mag ≥ 8.0 Year Mon Day Time Lat Long Dep Mag 1908 12 12 1208 -14.000 -78.000 60 8.2 1966 10 17 2141 -10.807 -78.684 20.7 8.2 1974 10 03 1421 -12.254 -77.524 33.9 8.1 2001 06 23 2033 -16.305 -73.550 29.8 8.4 Peak Ground Acceleration in m/sec**2 .2 .4 .8 1.6 2.4 3.2 4.0 4.8 PACIFIC OCEAN EPICENTRAL REGION EPICENTRAL REGION Depth Profile A A' -500 -500 -400 -400 -300 -300 -200 -200 -100 -100 0 0 100 100 200 200 300 300 400 400 500 500 600 600 700 700 800 800 900 900 -700 -700 -600 -600 -500 -500 -400 -400 -300 -300 -200 -200 -100 -100 0 0 100 100
Transcript of U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY M8.0 Pisco, Peru, … · Guayaquil Manaus Quito ... PAC I F I C O C E A N...
Map prepared by U.S. Geological SurveyNational Earthquake Information Center17 August 2007Map not approved for release by Director USGS
EARTHQUAKE SUMMARY MAP XXXU.S. DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIORU.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY
DISCLAIMERBase map data, such as place names and politicalboundaries, are the best available but may not be current or may contain inaccuracies and thereforeshould not be regarded as having official significance.
M 8.1
~M 8
M 8.4
M 8.1
N A Z C A P L A T E
S O U T H A M E R I C A
P L A T EAbancay
Huancavelica
Puno
Ica
Cuzco
Ayacucho
Huancayo
Cerro DePasco
Huanuco
Arequipa
Callao Lima
Caraibamba
PISCO
QuinuaLIRCAY
2001
1974
1966
1908
1996
1990
1974
1961
1961
1961
1960
1959
1958
1950
1948
1947
1944
1942
1941
1940
1922
1916
70°
70°
72°
72°
74°
74°
76°
76°
78°
78°
10° 10°
12° 12°
14° 14°
16° 16°
P E R U - CH
ILE TREN
CH
AN
DE
S
AN
DE
SA m a z o n
B a s i n
L. Ti t icaca
San Ambrosio (Chi l e)San Fel ix(Ch ile )
G a l a p a g o s R i f t
G U Y A N A
S U R I N A M E
E C U A D O R
P A R A G U A Y
C O L O M B I A
B O L I V I A
P E R U B R A Z I L
C o c o s Ri d g e
C ar neg ie R idg e
Nazca
Ridg
e
S a l a y G o m e z R i d g e
Pe
r u B
as
in
Ch
i le
Ba s i n
NAZCA PLATE SOUTH AMERICAPLATE
NORTHANDESPLATE
77 mm/yr
AA
60°
60°
70°
70°
80°
80°
90°
90°
0° 0°
10° 10°
20° 20°
M8.0 Pisco, Peru, Earthquake of 15 August 2007
0 200 400100Kilometers
Mercator Projection
SantiagoDel Estero Corrientes
Resistencia Posadas EncarnacionCopiapo
San MiguelDe Tucuman
Formosa
PuertoPresidenteStroessner
Salta
San SalvadorDe Jujuy
Antofagasta
Pedro JuanCaballero
Tarija
IquiquePotosi
SucreTacna Oruro Santa Cruz
de LaSierra
Cochabamba
Puno CuiabaTrinidad
Ica CuzcoAyacucho
Huancayo
Cerro DePasco
RioBrancoHuanuco
ChimbotePortoVelhoPucallpa
CajamarcaChiclayo
PiuraLoja IquitosMachalaCuenca SantaremBabahoyo
Riobamba AmbatoPortoviejoMacapaIbarra
EsmeraldasPasto FlorenciaPopayan Neiva
CuritibaAsuncion
CampoGrande
GoianiaLa PazArequipa
Callao
Trujillo
ManausGuayaquil
Quito
Lima
50°
50°
60°
60°
70°
70°
80°
80°
90°
90°
0° 0°
10° 10°
20° 20°
DATA SOURCESEARTHQUAKES AND SEISMIC HAZARD USGS, National Earthquake Information Center NOAA, National Geophysical Data Center IASPEI, Centennial Catalog (1900 - 1999) and extensions (Engdahl and Villaseñor, 2002) HDF (unpublished earthquake catalog) (Engdahl, 2003) Global Seismic Hazard Assessment ProgramPLATE TECTONICS AND FAULT MODEL PB2002 (Bird, 2003) Finite Fault Model, Chen Ji, UC Santa Barbara (2007)BASE MAP NIMA and ESRI, Digital Chart of the World USGS, EROS Data Center NOAA GEBCO and GLOBE Elevation Models
0 400 800 1,200 1,600200Kilometers
SCALE 1:20,000,000 at the Equator
Prepared in cooperation with the Global Seismographic Network
Tectonic Setting
Seismic Hazard
Epicentral Region
Near the coast of central Peru 15 August 2007 23:40:56 UTC 13.357° S., 76.521° W.Depth 30.2 kmMw = 8.0 (USGS) An earthquake occurred NEAR THE COAST OF CENTRAL PERU, about 45 km (25 miles) west-northwest of Chincha Alta or about 145 km (90 miles) south-southeast of Lima at 5:40 PM MDT, Aug 15, 2007 (6:40 PM local time in Peru). The magnitude and location may be revised when additional data and further analysis results are available. There have been reports of damage in the Lima area.
TECTONIC SUMMARYThis earthquake occurred at the boundary between the Nazca and SouthAmerican tectonic plates. The two plates are converging at a rate of 77 mm peryear. The earthquake occurred as thrust-faulting on the interface between thetwo plates, with the South American plate moving up and seaward over theNazca plate.Coastal Peru has a history of very large earthquakes. The August 15 shockoriginated just south of the source region of the magnitude 8.1 earthquake ofOctober 1974 and just north of the source regions of major earthquakes thatoccurred in August 1942 (magnitude 7.7) and 1996 (magnitude 7.7). Thelargest coastal Peru earthquake of the last two centuries was the magnitude 9earthquake of 1868, which was centered about 700 km southeast of the August15 earthquake. The 1868 shock produced a tsunami that killed severalthousand people along the South American coast and also caused damage inHawaii.
EXPLANATIONMain Shock
AftershocksEarthquake Magnitude
4.00 - 5.996.00 - 6.997.00 - 7.99
8.00 - 8.99
9.00 - 9.99
Earthquake Depth0 - 6970 - 299300 - 700
Seismic hazard is expressed as peakground acceleration (PGA) on firmrock, in meters/sec², expected to beexceeded in a 50-yr period with aprobability of 10 percent.
EXPLANATIONMag ≥ 7.0
0 - 69 km70 - 299300 - 600
Plate BoundariesSubductionTransformDivergent
ConvergentVolcanoes
RELATIVE PLATE MOTIONSThe broad red vector represents the motionof the Nazca Plate relative to the SouthAmerica Plate in the region. The motion ofthe Nazca Plate is generally northeastwardwith respect to the South America Plate.
0 400 800 1,200 1,600200Kilometers
SCALE 1:20,000,000 at the Equator
REFERENCESBird, P., 2003, An updated digital model of plate boundaries: Geochem. Geophys. Geosyst., v. 4, no. 3, pp. 1027- 80.Engdahl, E.R. and Villaseñor, A., 2002, Global Seismicity: 1900 - 1999, chap. 41 of Lee, W.H.K., and others,eds., International Earthquake and Engineering Seismology, Part A: New York, N.Y., Elsevier Academeic Press, 932 p.Engdahl, E.R., Van der Hilst, R.D., and Buland, R.P., 1998, Global teleseismic earthquake relocation with improved trav- el times and procedures for depth determination: Bull. Seism. Soc. Amer., v. 88, p. 722-743.
1:3,000,000Scale at the Equator
Distance along strike 324° (N 36 W) (km)
Dip 27° Northeast
0 0
-108
Depth (km)
-192
Finite Fault Model
FINITE FAULT MODELContributed byChen Ji, University of California at Santa Barbaraand Yuehua Zeng, NEICDistribution of the amplitude and direction of slip forsubfault elements (small rectangles) of the faultrupture model are determined from the inversion ofteleseismic body waveforms. Arrows indicate theamplitude and direction of slip (of the hanging wallwith respect to the foot wall); the slip amount is alsocolor-coded as shown. The view of the rupture plane isfrom above.The strike of the fault rupture plane is N36W and thedip is 27 NE. The dimensions of the subfault elementsare 12 km in the strike direction and 9 km in the dipdirection.
Slip (cm)1.07 - 100.00100.01 - 200.00200.01 - 300.00300.01 - 400.00400.01 - 500.00500.01 - 600.00600.01 - 700.00700.01 - 800.00800.01 - 900.00
Significant Earthquakes Mag ≥ 8.0
Year Mon Day Time Lat Long Dep Mag1908 12 12 1208 -14.000 -78.000 60 8.21966 10 17 2141 -10.807 -78.684 20.7 8.21974 10 03 1421 -12.254 -77.524 33.9 8.12001 06 23 2033 -16.305 -73.550 29.8 8.4
Peak Ground Acceleration in m/sec**2
.2 .4 .8 1.6 2.4 3.2 4.0 4.8
PA C I F I C O C E A N
EPICENTRAL REGION
EPICENTRAL REGION
Depth ProfileA A' -500
-500
-400
-400
-300
-300
-200
-200
-100
-100
0
0
100
100
200
200
300
300
400
400
500
500
600
600
700
700
800
800
900
900
-700 -700
-600 -600
-500 -500
-400 -400
-300 -300
-200 -200
-100 -100
0 0
100 100
