U.S. Department of the Interior

U.S. Geological Survey

Landsat Status and PlansLandsat Status and Plans

February, 2008

Lyndon R. OlesonU.S. Geological SurveyEarth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) CenterSioux Falls, SD

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Status of LandsatStatus of Landsat

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Landsat 5 StatusLandsat 5 Status

Landsat 5 imaging was suspended on October 6, 2007 due to a loss of a cell within one of two batteries.

The Landsat Flight Operations Team has been characterizing and testing a new battery configuration and developing and testing a new operations strategy and plan.

The Team successfully tested imaging with the Landsat 5 Thematic Mapper instrument on January 10, 2008 during a pass over Brazil and Argentina.

New operations plans have been completed and tested and “normal” operations are expected by the end of the week of February 25.

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Landsat 7 StatusLandsat 7 Status

Landsat 7 operations were nominal and the Flight Operations Team continues to monitor the health, safety, and performance of the spacecraft on a real-time, daily, mid-term and long term basis.

However, the Landsat 7 Enhanced Thematic Mapper instrument continues to operate without the scan-line corrector (SLC) which reduces its suitability for certain applications.

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L7 SLC-off Gap-Fill

Gap-Fill Type Landscape Pattern

Same-Day Radiometry

Interpolation

SLC-off & SLC-on

SLC-off & SLC-off

Segment-based

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SumatraLat: 5 06 45.70Long: 95 20 38.38

12 June 2001, L7 29 December 2004, L7 FilledSLC-off

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Closeup of Gap-FillCloseup of Gap-Fill

Adapted from Maxwell et al., in print.

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Landsat Data Continuity MissionLandsat Data Continuity MissionLandsat Data Continuity MissionLandsat Data Continuity Mission

LDCM Goal: The LDCM will continue the acquisition, archival, and distribution of multi-spectral imagery affording global, synoptic, and repetitive coverage of the Earth's land surfaces at a scale where natural and human-induced changes can be detected, differentiated, characterized, and monitored over time.

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Importance of Landsat Data Importance of Landsat Data ContinuityContinuity

The success of LDCM depends on the complete integration of LDCM data with past, present, and future Landsat and other remotely sensed data for the purpose of observing and monitoring global environmental systems. Continuity elements include:

Spectral • Consistent and comparable spectral characteristics • Rigorous calibration / cross-calibration

Spatial• Consistent and comparable data geometry including

resolution and WRS-2 • Aggressive global acquisition strategy

Temporal • Minimum of 16 day repeat cycle• Ongoing acquisitions (no data gaps)

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LDCM is a NASA / USGS PartnershipLDCM is a NASA / USGS Partnership

NASA will: Acquire the space segment, mission operations systems,

and launch services Perform overall mission systems engineering and

integration Manage space segment early on-orbit evaluation phase -

from launch to acceptance After on-orbit acceptance, operations are transferred to the

USGS

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NASA / USGS LDCM ResponsibilitiesNASA / USGS LDCM Responsibilities

USGS will: Acquire and operate the ground system including data

networks, image collection scheduling, archive, processing, and distribution systems

Perform ground system integration and support mission integration

Operate and maintain the LDCM mission following on-orbit acceptance

Chair and fund the Landsat Science Team

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LDCM Procurement StatusLDCM Procurement Status Instrument: Operational Land Imager (OLI) contract awarded to Ball

Aerospace (Boulder, CO) summer 2007 Launch Vehicle: Contract awarded to Lockheed Launch Services for

an Atlas V in fall 2007 Spacecraft: To be procured via NASA’s Rapid Spacecraft

Development Office in mid-2008 Flight Operations System: RFP expected in first half of 2008 Ground System: RFP planned in 2008-2009 LDCM launch planned for July 2011

Followed by 90 day on-orbit checkout and acceptance

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Major LDCM Mission RequirementsMajor LDCM Mission Requirements

5 year mission design life with 10 years of consumables Support seasonal, global, image data collection (Similar to Landsat 7) World Reference System (WRS) - 2, mid-morning equatorial

crossing, 16 day repeat 30 m GSD for VIS/NIR/SWIR, 15m GSD for PAN 9 spectral bands Instrument data will be quantized in 12-bits Collect, ingest, and archive at least 400 global WRS-2 scenes/day for

U.S. archive

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Major LDCM Mission RequirementsMajor LDCM Mission Requirements

Provide “standard”, orthorectified data products within 24 hours of observation – within quality and cloud cover assessments

Products available via the web at no cost Calibrate data consistently with previous Landsat missions Continue International Cooperator (IC) downlinks Support priority imaging and a limited off-nadir collection capability

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Operational Land Imager Spectral BandsOperational Land Imager Spectral Bands

Operational Land Imager (OLI)

LDCMWavelength

(micrometer)Resolution

(meters)

Band 8 (pan) .500-.680 15

Band 1 .433-.453 30

Band 2 .450-.515 30

Band 3 .525-.600 30

Band 4 .630-.680 30

     

Band 5 .845-.885 30

Band 9 1.360-1.390 30

Band 6 1.560-1.660 30

Band 7 2.100-2.300 30

Band 10* 10.3 - 11.3 120

Band 11* 11.5 - 12.5 120

Enhanced Thematic Mapper Plus (ETM+)

Landsat 7Wavelength

(micrometer)Resolution

(meters)

Band 8 .52-.90 15

     

Band 1 0.45-0.52 30

Band 2 0.53-0.61 30

Band 3 0.63-0.69 30

Band 4 0.78-0.90 30

     

     

Band 5 1.55-1.75 30

Band 7 2.09-2.35 30

     

Band 6 10.40-12.50 60*Contingent upon requirement trades between program elements, technical elements, and mission risk as part of the LDCM procurement.OLI does not include thermal imaging capabilities

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LDCM Standard Product Specifications (L1T)LDCM Standard Product Specifications (L1T)

Product type: L1T (orthorectified, terrain-corrected) Pixel size: 15/30 meter Output format: GeoTIFF Map projection: UTM (considering polar stereographic

projection for Antarctica) Orientation: North up Resampling: Cubic convolution Media type: No-cost download (web-enabled) with no

electronic media options

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Landsat Science TeamLandsat Science TeamLandsat Science TeamLandsat Science Team

Co-chaired by the USGS Landsat Science Lead, Tom Loveland, and the NASA LDCM Project Scientist, Jim Irons

USGS selected 18 science team members in October 2006

9 PI’s from academia and private industry 6 federal PI’s 3 international PI’s

Curtis Woodcock, Boston U., selected as Team Leader

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PI Organization Proposal Title

Curtis Woodcock Boston University Global land cover change monitoring

Sam Goward (Darrel Williams)

University of Maryland/NASA Acquisition strategies

John SchottRochester Institute of Technology Water resources monitoring

Dennis HelderSouth Dakota State University Radiometric calibration

Lazaros OraiopoulosUniversity of Maryland Baltimore County Cloud detection and avoidance

Richard Allen University of Idaho Evapotranspiration monitoring

Eric Vermote University of Maryland Surface reflectance

Randy Wynne Virginia Tech Commercial forestry applications

Feng GaoEarth Resources Technology MSS-ETM+ consistency

Landsat Science Team Members

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PI Organization Proposal Title

Michael Wulder Canadian Forest Service Forestry, land cover change

Eileen Helmer U.S. Forest Service Tropical ecosystems monitoring

Martha AndersonUSDA Agricultural Research Service Drought monitoring

Alan Belward EC Joint Research Center Natural resources management

Warren Cohen U.S. Forest Service Forestry, vegetation assessment

Robert Bindschadler NASA Goddard Snow and ice monitoring

Prasad ThenkabailInternational Water Management Institute Global irrigation monitoring

Rama Nemani NASA Ames Biophysical Characterization

Jim Vogelmann SAIC/EROS Forest and rangeland monitoring

Landsat Science Team Members (cont.)

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Landsat Data Continuity MissionLandsat Data Continuity Mission

More information:http://ldcm.usgs.govhttp://ldcm.nasa.gov

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Looking to LDCM: Standard L1TLooking to LDCM: Standard L1T

Scope requirements via Pilot Landsat infrastructure Bandwidth requirements Right recipe?

Pilot Dataset US only – includes Alaska, Hawaii, & territories L7 ETM+ SLC-off only – 2003 to present (and

ongoing) < 10% cloud cover, 9 quality

Processed product (unlike other archive holdings)

Available via FTP on 4 June 2007

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Parameters of Standard L1TParameters of Standard L1T

Parameters chosen by: Current ordering statistics Vetted through Landsat Scientists

Pixel size: 14.25m/28.5m/28.5m Media type: Download (no charge), CD/DVD ($50) Product type:L1T (terrain-corrected) Output format: GeoTIFF Map projection: UTM Orientation: North up Resampling: Cubic convolution

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Future of Land Imaging in U.S.Future of Land Imaging in U.S.

The White House has initiated a year-long study called The Future of Land Imaging

To explore options for United States operational use of satellites to better serve society.

The USGS, along with NASA, NOAA and other agencies, serves on the leadership team of this Federal interagency working group.

In August, 2007, the Bush Administration released a plan for a U.S. National Land Imaging Program

to achieve a stable and sustainable U.S. operational space-based, moderate-resolution land imaging capability

designates the Department of the Interior (w/ USGS) as the host of the program

For more information visit http://www.landimaging.gov