US Copyright Office: ar-1930

8/14/2019 US Copyright Office: ar-1930

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PUBLICATIONS O F T HE COPYRIGHT OFFICE

Th e followiiig publications wer e iss ued ill linlited etlitionu, brrt iiiay be liad( so f a r a s a ny a r e st il l av ai la bl e) f1.0111 t he S U P ~ I N ~ ~ D E N T F DOCUMENTS,WASHINGTON, . C , upon puym ent 111 advance of the iiominal price given, whicliilicludes postage.

Pos tal money orders or drn ft s should be ni:tde p ny:~b le ant1 adtlressetl to theSUIJERINTE~NDEINT F Pmt1.1~ DOC'UMENI-s. ta111ps :i~ ttl uiit~ crtif ied checks itrenot accepted.BULLETIN O. 3. I'al)er, 1 5 ~ . ciolh, 3%.

Copyright Enac~tn~ents f tlie United States, 1783--l!)W. 2d t3tl., rev . 174pp. so. 1906.

BULLETIN NO. 8. Cloth, 652.Copyright in Co~~gress, 780-1904. A bibliograpl~y and cliroiiological rec-

o rd of :rll p r o c e ~ i ~ ~ g s n Congress in relation to copyright. 468 pp. 8'.

1W5.BULLETIN NO. 11. Paper, 10c.

Copyright in .Tal~aii. Law of M:~rch 3, 1899, ant1 copyright convelitioli1)etmeeii the Uiiitctl Sta tes and J apan, May 1.0, 1906, togetlier with tlietext of ear lie r, ennc.tinrllts. v f SO 1)p. 8 ". 1 W .

BULLETIN O. 17. Cloth, SOc.Decisions of tlit. ( 'l~ited Stntes cbonrts i ~ ~ v ( ~ l v i i ~ g col).\'rigllt. l!N)(%1!)14.

Second eillargetl etlilion. vi, 279 BD. So. 1928.B U L L ~ I N O. 18. Cloth, GOc.

Decisions of the Unitctl States court s i~tvolving c,ol~yriglit. 1!)14~-1917.i s , tj06 pp. 8' 1'318.

Bu r.~ n . rx No. 19. Cloth, $1.I)ct~isio~ts l' tlic I*iiitcd States courts iiivcrlvi~~g olryrigl~t. 1918-1024.

xi, 477 pp. 8" . 1926.DRAXATIO OMPOSITIONS OPYBIOIITW N T l l E UNITED TATES, 1870-1916. [Over

(j0.0OO titles alplii~betically arranged, with colilplete index to nuthors, pro-~ ~ r i e t o r s , r:inslators, etcp.] 1 p. I., v. 35-17 p ~ . ". 1!)18. 2 rols. Cloth, $4.

BULLETIN O. 14 .The Copyriglit Luw of tllc Unit ed S ta te s of Allrcrrica, being t he Act of

31:ircli 4, l!Mm ( in force Ju ly 1, 1909). A S nmeiidetl by the .lrts of Arigust24, 1!)12, M;iroli 2, 1!)13, March 28, 1914, Jnly 3. 1926, rind &lay 23, 1928, to-i.t>tl~c'r with Itrlles for P ractic e illid 1'rot:edure u nder Section 25, by theSr i i~ re i i~ t~ h u r t of t he United States. 50 pp. 8". 1919.

BI:I.I.)S~IN O. 16,(:o~).vright n Euglantl. Act 1 au d 2 Geo. 5, 'h. 46. An Act to anlent1

;in11 consolitltrte th e l aw r elat ing t o t~o pyri ght, ~ a s s e c l December 16, 1911.rADp. 8". 1914.

RULI.ETIN o. 20.Col~y righ t n Cnnnda. Act 11 an d 12 Gw . 5, ch. 24, assented to June 4,

1 9 3 , and amended Jurie 13, 1923. iii, 55 pp. So. 1924.INFORMATION IRCIILAR. So . 4 A.-Internationnl (lopyright Conve~ition. R e

vised text, Berlin, 1908. 10 pp. 4" . No. 4 B.-Aclclitional protocol to t l ~ eInternational Copyright (:onvention of Berlin, Novenlher 1.3, 1908, signetl atHcrne, March 20, 1914. 2 pp. 4O. No. 4 C.--Intern:~tion :~I Copyright Convtsntion. New revision, signetl nt Ilorne, .Tune 2, 1928. Frcl~lch ext, withEn gl ish t r an s la t io ~ ~ . 4 pp. 4 " .

I I


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COKTENTS

~v:eiitts - _ - _ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .x l t e n d i t ~ ~ r c ? ~ - - - - L _ - - - _ -P I ~ - r i g l i t ~ r ~ t r i e s~pyi'ight tltblrositst1c.x : I I I ~ . I I ~ : I I O ~ U C f rwpyright ent ries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .I I I I I I I : IPY f vol~yr ight bus i~ic ~ss) in l i l i t~n f (.ol~yriyht Itusiness'l'vll'eio l .v~ ~lt l o lbergqly rig l~t Oflicbe lrublicntions - - - - - - _ - - . _ - - - - - - - - - - - - - - _ - - - - - - - - - - - - - _ -vl).vrigl~t eg islt~ti on

S(,w :~rttl :~ntr.t~ll;~tor.v, ) rol r t ) sc. t l -__. - - - - - . . - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - . - - -(;+t~rcrtrl rc~visio n f the copyr ight I i~w s ~

IJrsiglt ~ r ttt!rn;iliol:nl cwl~yrigltt _ _ - . _ _ - - - - - _ - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -) ~ ) ~ ' r i g h tcilrlcs, re: ri l~ ts , ees, registrnticrns, depo sits - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -lcl+b~ld>l

H. It. C,DS,'3 (I)cu.embcr 9, 1M 9) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .kl . K. 963'3 (P+lc.bl.uary 7 , 1930) - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - _ _ - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -11. It. 12549 (Mny 22, 1030) - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -IT. R. 74% (I)c?ceniber 13, 1929) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .H. R. 1 1 ~ 2 J U I ~ , I D ~ )

pyrig ht proclurnnt iolrs :

I r i s h F r ve

m


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:EPORT OF TH E REGISTER OF COPYRIGHTSFOR THE FISCAL YEAR 1929-30

WASHINGTOX, . C., Ju ly 9,1.930.;in : The copyright business and the work of the Copy-ht Office for the fiscal year July 1, 1929, to Ju ne 30,0 , nclusive, are sumniariaed as follows :

RECEIPTS

rile gross receipts during the year were $336,980.75. -tc.,balance of $23,365.18, representing trust funds andinished business, was on hand July 1, 1929, making n.11 sum of $360,345.93 to be accounted for. Of thisoiint the sum of $7,588.38 was refunded as excess fees:IS fees for t~rticles not registrable, leaving a net bal-:e of $352,757.55. The balance carried over to Ju ly l ,,O, was $25,127.65 (representing trust funds and totalinished business), leaving fees applied during the fis-vear 19 2W 0 and paid into the Treasury, $327,629.90.

?he annualzapplie d fees since Ju ly 1,1897, are: ~ s s r l ~ sto A .7 98 ------------ $55,926.503- 99 ------------ 58,267. W3-1900 - - - - - - 1 - - - 6 5 , 2 0 6 . 0 0t l !Ml---------- B, 687.601-2 - - - - - - - - - -_ - - 64,687.002-3 --_---------- 68,874.603-4 ------------_ 72,629.00&,5 --_---------- 78,058.00F-6 ------------- YO 198.00i - 7 - - - - _ _ _ - _ - - - 84.685.00i- 8 - - _ - - - - _ - - - - - 82,387.50%9 ------------ 83.816.75)-lo _-- - - -_- - - - - 104.G44.95)- 1 1 - _ ~ ~_------ - 109,913.95I -12 _--------_- 116,686. OC,

Total _ _ - - - - ,052 ,426 , 10

rile increase in the amount of the applied fees from15,167.65 fo r the fiscal year 1927-28 to $008,993.80


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2 REPORT OF T H E REGISTER OF COPYI i IUHTi j

for the fiscal year 1928-29 was clue to th e oper:lliori of

the act of Congress approved May 23, 1'328, which dolt-bled the fees for registration of clailiis of copyrigllt forpublished works, namely, from $1 to $?2 for circli r11t1.y.

EHPExI)ITl;IIEBSalwies,1 9 t l h ~ o . Tlle appropri :i tion made by Congrc!ss fo r s:rl:r.ric!s in

the Copyright Office for the tiscul ye:^ eritli~ig J~tne80, 1930, was $228,740.00. The tota l c sl) ent lit ~~r c: orsalaries was $228,638.50, or $98,997.40 less thirri the netamount of fees earnecl and pa id int o tlie Tre;is~tr.y lrlr-

stotionerv and ing the eorresponding yenr. The expenclit~ir~e or sup-sundries.

plies, including stationery ancl other urticles :rntl post-age on foreign mail matter, etc., was $1,357.72, 1e:rvirig a

balance for the year of $!17,(5:39.08 to the c.r*etlit of th eoffice.oopuljoht re Du ri ng the period of 33 years (1897-1980) t.lia copy-

ceipte and fees,. ~ - 1 g s o . rig ht business, as evidenced by the applied fees, increased

~te arl y ixfol d, f rom $55,376 to $327,629.90.During the 33 fiscal years since the r-corga~~iz:lt.ion f

the (fopyright Office (from ,July 1, 1897, to .I~rrle 30,1930) the copyriglit fees ;il)plietl and paid into tllc 'I1l.c:r.s-ury have airlountecl to a grand total of $4,05i?,-L2(j.l0. ant\C'he t,otal copyriglit registr:rtions 1i:ive IIIIIIII)( .>I 'P(Ioverfour millions (4,150,973).

Emensver salarier.ee s 'rhe fees earnecl ($4,068,426.10) were laiyel. tliari theapp~*opriations or salaries ileed during tlie snlirc. pcriocl

($3,358,492.66) by $693,933.44.qalut: o f ~ p u - I n addition t o this direct profit, the large nurnber ofr.ight depoa4tr.

over seven million books, maps, musical works, periodi-coals, prints, and other articles deposited during the 33years were of substantial pecuniary value and of ~ i c hcharacter th at their nccessio~l o the L ibrar y of C~oucressthrough the Col )yr igh t Offire effectecl a 1:lr.g. ,.~\. irl c othe 1)1lrchase fu nd of the Li l) r; ~r y h(111:il ~ t 1111o1rr1( otheir price.

('OI'TItT(;II'I' ES'I'1:IES .\XI) FEES

Entries an d 'rhc ~~egis t ra t io~ is or the fisr.:iI ycJal. I I I I I I I ~ : ' ~ ' ~ ' ( ~rere, 1PP944.

152.702. Of tltese, 3-1;277 were ~. eyistritlions or 11111)trl)-

lislirtl \vorlcs at $1 ~ a c h ; 39,847 were 1~t~gisCr:rli011s or1)ubIishetl works :rt $X2 eaoli; 3,831 wt.17t> ~vpi ,~ tr :l tio~ rs fphotogral~l~s witho ut cert .ifi cat~ s :tt $1 c~ach. 'I'llereIrere also 5.937 registrirt,iolis of ~*eiie\r:ils rt $1 e:acli. Th e


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REPORT O F T H E BEGIBTER OF COPYRIGHTS 3

fees for these registrations amounted to a total of$312,139.COPYRIGHT DEP08J!I8

The total number of separate articles deposited in com- d ~ o s l t e d .rtbleopliance with the copyright law which have been regis-tered du ring the fiscal year is 275,!214. The number ofthese articles in each class for the last five fiscal yearsis shown in Exhibit E.

It is not possible to determine exactly how completely inuo r k so p y d g h t .laim-the works which claim copyright are deposited, but inresponse to inquiries received during the year from thecard division, the accessions division, law division, and

the reading room in regard to =books supposed tohave been copyrighted but not discovered in the Library,i t was found tha t 89 of these works had been receivedand were actually in the Library, 23 books had been de-posited and were still in the Copyright Office. 78 workswere either not published, did not claim copyright, orfor other valid reasons couId not be deposited, while inthe case of 97 works no answers to our Ietters of inquiryhad been received up to June 30, 1930. Copies were re-ceived of 497 works in a11 in response to requests madeby th e c o S g h t Office d ~ ~ r i n g he period of 12 monthsfor works published in recent years.

Our copyright l aw s have required the daposit of copies D b f ~ o s a l Jdepoef t s .for the use of th e Libra ry of Congress, and the act i nforce demands a deposit of two copies of American book;.The act provides, however, th at the Lib rarian of Con-gress may determine (1 ) what books or other articlesshall be trans ferred to the permanent collections of theLibrarg of Congress, including the law library ; 2) whato t h e ~ ooks or articles shall be placed in the reserve col-leetione of the Lib rary of Congress for sale o r exchange;or (3) be transferryl to other governmental libraries inthe District of CoIumbia fo r use therein. The law fur the rprovides (4 ) that articles remailling undisposed of magupon specified conditions be returned to the authors orcopyright proprietors.

During the fiscal year a to ta l of 121,136 art icles de- Tr a n s l e m d toMbraty orposited have been trans ferred to the Lib rary of Congress. c6mgres8.This number included 33,699 books, 71,640 periodicalnumbers, 8,843 pieces of music, 5,072 maps, and 1,882photogmphs and angmvinga.


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4 IIEPOBT OF TH E I lEGISTRtl O F COPYRIGHTS

. ~ . f i r ) l r f e ~ . s o ullder aulthoritg of section 59 of tlie act of March 1,o t 1 t . r ~ r71rarJes.1909, tlle.re were transfel-rtvl tlnriug the fisc;d year toothe r governmenta l 1ibra.rirs in th e Dist rict of ('olumbia:' for use therein " 9,798 hooks. TTliclrr th is tri~usfel ., upt o ,June 30, 1930, the followit ip liIjrnric1s hn\7c. ~-eceivedbooks as indicated below :

Department of A g ~ . i c ~ ~ l t r ~ r c ,,855 ; Dcl,;~rtliic>nt ofCommerce, 18,330; Navy Dep:~r't,nicnt, 1,845; Trei~snryDepartment, 1,496; Uurcau of I


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REP O RT 01" T H E lEGISTER O F C O P Y R I G I I T S 5

omplete c ata log ~~e or the year to $10 and the separate)art s as follows:

Par t 1, group 1, hooks proper, $3; part 1, group 2,bumphlets and maps, $3; part 1, group 3, dramatic com-~ositions 111(1 11~otio11 ictures. $2; part 2, lwriodicals,2 ; part 3, musical compositions, $3; pa rt 4, works of art,bhotographs, prints, and pictorial illustrations, $2; sin-;le numbers (except bobk leaflets), 50 cents; annual in-exes, each, for complete cttlcndar year, $2; all par ts f o ~ .omplcte calendar year, $10.

Sunstnary of oopwriglct buaineee

d a n c e on hallcl July 1, 1929 ...................... $23,365.18ross receipts July 1, 1929, to June 30, 1930 --------- 336,980.75

3

Total to be nccounted for . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 360,345.93: e f u n d e c l - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 7 , 5 8 8 . 3 8 '

fY0fiyrJfll~businesr.

Balance to be nccountcd for - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 352,757.55---~l i ed s ea rned f ee s - - - - - - - - - - - - - - . - - 327,629.90

r~lnnre arried over to July 1, 1930:Trust funds - - - - - - - - - - - - $22,926.28t'r~flnished business - - - - - 2,201.37--

25,127.66352, 757. 65

E'eee fo r fivcal wear

tAes or registl-ntion of l~ubl ished works, a t $2 rnch-- $278,694.00ees for rcgis trati or~ of unpublished works, a t $1etirh------_--_----- - - - - - _ - - _ - - . - - _ - - - - - - - - _ - - 24,277.00

'ees for registration of ~ hot ogr apl is without certifl- 8cntes, at $1 ench - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 3,231.00

ees for registration of ~.enew nls. ~ t 1 each-------- 5,937.00

Totnl fees for regis t r ;~t io~ls ecorclecl---------- 312, 139.0 0ecs fo r certified copies of re cord , 11t $1each - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - _ - - - - - - - - $1,613.00

ees for recording assignlncnts - - - - - - - - - - 1 2 , 2 2 2 . 0enl.cvhes rlade and cbharged kor a t th e r at eof $1 fo r ench hour of time consumed-- 721.00

otice of user recortled (music) - - - - - - - - - 7'28.00lilexl~lg rans fers of proprietorship------ 208.90

-5,490.90

Total fees for the fiscal year 19%30 - - - - - - - - 3 2 7 , 6 2 9 . 0

En rice

umber of registrc~tions - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 160,885umber of rnle \\-al s recorded - _ _ - _ - _ . _ - - - - - - - . - 5.937

To t a l - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 172,792umber of certified copies of record . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.613 .11n1ber of a vsignnlen tv r ecorded or copied - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 3,640


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6 ::EPORT OF T E E IIEGISTER O F C O P Y I ~ I G H T S

C O I ' ~ ~ F ~ ~ O ~ ~ I I -cnce. A large part of tlic bus:~lclss of tilt! Copyrigllt 0flic:c is

dolie 11y correspondence. 'l'lie tori11 let ters and parc elsreceived & r i n g the fisc::~l p : ~ r I I I I I I ~ ) ~ ~ ~ ~?O!),.',l.i, whilethe letters: p:~rccls, ctc*., disl,i~tcllr~t l ~~u i l ) t~ rc : l((i0~41"i.

O f 011 u l y 7, 1930, t lie tc i~ ~i t t a~ lc cs cr*uivtlcl 1111 to thecl fr7en t ioork .th ird m: ~i l of the (lay liacl be;a~r recorclcbc.l, the :~ccou ntboolts o f Clie bookkeeping tli~isio~l ere b:~l:~nced orJ u l ~ e , l ir l i ~ i : ~ ~ ~c i r l l t:~ternelits \vclrr prcq):~recl fo r tlie,

.~ ~ ! : I ~ I I I - ~)eyart~~icb~it, licl 1111 o:~rlic!tl I'tbes to .1111ie 30

llacl bt!t~i pnitl illto the TrCaall ry.r 1

Illo re reni:~inecl to be coniplctccl of tllc work ill pro g-

ress 3,1!);) rclpistrat,io~is allcl c.att~log~~e :u~.tls fo r 5319. ~rti cles leposited, tlie ncciuni~~l :~t~iou f a b o ~ ~ t ight clays.Se rv i c e . \V11ilc Iltis sta temen t cornpa1 .e~ favo rably wit11 theL Q C k o fm w e. usual condition a t th is season, i t i s to be obstlrvctl tl lt~t . he

office. is badl y 1lanclicul)petl by lack of s1)ac.e. There is~c ri o ll s 1ccltl fo r lilorcl room to elinl)le tlie clc~rlts o keepthe large q~~:ir~tit ,y f rn:ite~-i:il \\llli cl~ nlust I)e Ilan(lletl1)y each tlivision in :I systc~m:tt,ic nt1 ortlerly :~ rr :~ ~l ge me ~i t.Mt~cli of t,liis 11i;lterial is b~ ll ky , n th e fol-rn of booksz~nd na l)s7 re t l ~~ i r i ~ ig :~b les or \rh!(*Ii tlitlre is I ~ O W 110spaccl. Ind eed, t!icre is 11o\v i~is~~ffic!ie~it oom for theirltliricl~~al lraks, a~ic l llc crowded condit ions, pa rtic u-larly i n the n u i n office, make for muc:h discomfort. Whil ethe ~ i ~ ~ m b c ~ rf clerks 1x1s ilicl-cased since 1909 frolli 70to 126, no ;~tlcl itional l)ace has hecw :~vai lable. Wi th theproslwct of a c:~~isitlernbly llg~lieritetl force to meett h e rcclui~-en~cnts ~ n c l e rhe new La\vs now pending, i t isdi fit .~l lt o stv ho\r tlie problern of space call be iiiet\vhilt? \v: ~it il ~g or tlie proposed riew b~~ilding o be com-~>lctetl. T h is s i tl l ;~ t io ~l n ~ t s t rce~sarily hare its ctfectupon tlie t.ffic5ienry of tli? force ant1 upon the prompt-ness with which it rilcc~ts he pt ~bl ic balls fo r service.

TII( R\:ALD SOLBERG RETIRES

R e o i e t e r [email protected]

Th e year 1929-30 is n notable one in the an ~ln ls f theret+res. Ctrpyright Office brrause of the r ct ire ~oe nt, t his own

rerl~~est , n April 22, 1930, of Thorvaltl Solberg, registerof copyrights. H e left the offi~e or1 J~ n u a r y 9, fo r :i


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R E P O RT O F T H E R EG I ST E R O F C O P Y R I G H T S 7

long vtication in Enrope, free from any requirelnent toreturn upon a fixed dabs foot-free journey which hehad loiig ai d eagerly anticipated.

Mr. Solbe1.g was the first register of copyrights ap-poi~ltetl when the office was organized in 1897, and hadheld the office continuously since th at date. Throughoutthis long service he had so widely and completely identi-fied himself with the work tha t i t is difficult to th ink ofthe office without him. A man of lofty purpose, greatstrength of character, high intellectual attainments andabsolute integrity, he earnestly devoted himself to thecause of protection of literary and artistic property.

Mr. Solberg's predominant interest is and always has

been copyright Under his administra tion the CopyrightOffice has grown f rom a mere handful of clerks to a forceof 126 people, while the g rowth of business is indicatedby the increase in the annual fees from about $55,000 in1808 to over $327,000 in the past year.

Mr. Solberg's broad knowledge and wide familiarity unctea B ta t e sdelegate.

with the subject of lite rary property and it s protectionmake him a recognized authority not only in this countrybut in Europe, where he has attended most of the impor-tant conferences on international copyright during thepast 30 years. I n 1908 he went to Berlin as United S tates .delegate to the International Conference for Revision ofthe Berne Convention, his official repor t of which was

published the same year. I n May, 1928, he was again adelegate of the Uni ted States to the conference a t Rome.The results of th at conference ar e summarized in hi sreport as register of copyrights for the year 1928. Hi sofficial reports published each year in the annual reportof the Lib rar ian of Congress constitu te a current reviewand history of copyright enactments and of proposedlegislation in this country that will stand as a completework of reference on thi s subject. Aside from these hecompiled and published a series of bulletins of the Copy- Author.righ t O%ce and contributed articles on copyright 'to manyperiodicals. Among the more recent of these may benoted Copyright Law Reform, published in the YaleIA W ournal, November, 1925; The International Copy-right TTnion, in Yale Law Journal, November, 1926; alldThe 1'1lited States and Internatio nal Copyright, this lastpublished in pamphlet form by the Yale fiiversity Press.


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8 IIEPORT OF THE REGISTER OF C O P Y I ~ I O H T S

While copyright has been Mr. Solberg's itl)horhi~lg O -cation, his favori te a\-oc:~tion is bib1 iog t'i1 1)l l~ He 11ilsconlpil~cl nd published bibliogl-:lpllies 01 1 i~ I ~ I I I ~ L ~ ~ ~ I -fsubjects, the latest of which, Some Notcbs on th(. lhltwricIslands, With Spcciul R cie re~ ~ce o Tlleil* I{ihliogl.wl)lly,\\-as publishetl in The Paper s'of llle 13ibliogri11)lliciil So-ciety of Amel-ic:~, roluine 22 , 1!)28, part 2 : 'I'llc I


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IiF.I'O1IT O F 'THE TtI.:OISTER OF COPYRIG- 9

' t , l i e T p n j t c ~ ~ lt : l t t b s to th e T: : t r i . n a t i o ; i : ~ l Copyrightn i o l i wit11 tlic 1 c : l s t possil)le cliange i n t l i e present l a w+ t i s i s t e n t w i t h the requirement,^ t o t h a t encl. The, bill1)ri11twl n f u l l on page 23 of this report.( 3 ) I . 8. 'I'his w a s n rel~riiit f I-I. R. 13.252

'0th ( ' o l ~ g . , 1st sess., M ay 1, 1928), an d provided, a l l l o n g m w ~ .her things, f o r f l - e e c l o m of c o l i t r n c t by composc?rs orpyr igh t owners of n i i ~ s i c opyrights f o r t l i e m e c l i n . ~ i i -I r . t ~ l ~ w ~ l ~ i c . t i o ~ if t l i e i r works by means of phonogl.npllscs, 11111sic: ~.olls, ltc., a11t.1 eliminated th e fixed roy:~l ty fc . c > ~ i t s ;~c . l~ . c b q l ~ i r c ~ l1y th e copyright ac t of 1000.11. R. !Ni:l!)," :I so mewh a t s h o r t e n c t l nnd revised n l t h n s -.t:, i l l ) ~ . o g : l t i ~ ~ g h e ~ ! O I ~ I ~ ~ I I I S C ) ~ * Yicense feature. w as sub-it11tr11 o r H. R. 6989 a n t 1 w as introcluced by Mr. Ve s t ~ l ,:1)1*11:try f , 1030. P l ~ l ~ l i c earings on t,hese bills \\-ere- I t 1 1)y th e t . o l n d t t c . e o l i March 4 nnd 5, nncl were con-111 r t l o l i , i p r i l 2 . The t e x t of th is hill is printed ongo 2 4 O Ft l i i s ~ . t , p o l - t .

( 4 ) I 1 1< . 69907 This was a reprint of th e previous ?,"&;&11 TI. R. 8912 (70tl1 Cong., 1st sew., January 9, 1928).prol)obe(la goo11 leal of revision of th r a c t of 1909, one

1 1 . 1 ) o ~ t ~ f w l i i c h \ Y : I ~ to 1)r ing the new la w in to ha rmonyt h t l ~ r - ~ c l l t i r e m t l i t s or t l i l t r y into the International~ p p r i g h tJnion. T t w as superseded by a rewritten ver-)TI. H. It. 12549: irltroduced by Mr. Vestal, Mn y 22.

30. (See 11. 25 of this report.) -1929 (rpec. 9) . A blll to amend the act entl t led "An act t o amend an d

~sollcln te he acts rmpvctlng copyright ." approved March 4, 1909, a sended, in rrap ect to ~ nr ch an lc al c.prnduction of mualcal composit1on.s.I for utlrcr purposes. Introtl uce~l by Mr. Vestal. H. R. G980, 71stIP., 2d sess. 6 pp. 40. Rrferrwl to the Conlmittee on E'atents.S6.e An nual Re port oF the Rrg lster of Copyri ghts for Fiscal Y~.nr ending

ie 30, 1928, p. 39.1930 (Geb. 7). .i bll l to amend the act enti t led "4n act to nrnrnd nndsolidat e the ec>ts rrspectinl: copyright," approved M arch 4. 1909, :isen tlr d, 111 re*pt. r't OF m ~ ~ e b a n f c n l eprodnction of t n u ~i r u l o mpt~ui t io n s.I fo r oth6.r porponra. Intr oduc ed by Mr. Vestnl. H. R. 9639, 7 1 s tIK.. Zd sem. 2 pp. 4 O . b f ~ r r e d o the Committee on Pnt~mtu. This

Is printed in fu l l on ~ : I W 4 of th is report .1929 (DPc. I)) . A b il l t o amcn d an d co n ~ o l ld n te h e a r t s resp ec t in g

y r ig ht an d to p 6,rmi t th e Un i ted S ta t es to en ter th e In te rn ~t lo n u l Copy-~t L'nlon. lntroduced by Mr. Vestal. N. R. 6900, 71st Cong., 2d scss.PI). 4" . Heferrrd to t he Committee on Patente.1!)30 (J Iay 2 2 ) . .! bil l to amend and consolldnte the acts rrspectlng

v r l ~ l l t rid to prrmit the Unlted Stntcs to enter the In trrnnti oual Copy-lt I'rli~>n. I~~t ro c lu ced y Mr. Vrutnl. 11. R . 12549, 718t Coug., 2d ~eus.1111 4 " . K r f ~ s r r ~ v l o t h ~ 'o m~u i t t e e n l ' n t c.~~tu.


13/84

10 Iih3"Ol:T O F THE l rEGIHTER 01" COPYIl1C;I I '~S

A genc.rnl rc~~-in.iori ill had lollg brte~i rlltlri conhitlc~sr~-t i n . The Authors' League of Americii (Iirc.), theAmerican Socicty of Composers, Ant11oi.s. nncl P111)lisll-ers, the Dr an~a . eague of Se w Yor-lr (Inc .), tlie National-Issociation of Rook Publislicrs, the i\fotion Pictrlrc l'ro-clucers an d Dis trib utors of Alnericit! tlie Ainei*iarri Li -brary Association, and :L numbtrr of other perties iiitrr-exted llnd h e n working for several yctlrs t,o perfect iL1nc:Islrre that would not oilly I)I-ovitle or acllirsiou to tlicInternational Copyright Union but \vorrlcl brill? 1111 totlt~ te he act of 190!), \\.hich liit(1 1)ecoilic ;tirticl~r:rtccl ri1111t1iy csl)ects by reason of a gr r : ~ t umbr i~ f nthw :tntl

:lp1)ro\"vl trade 1)~actices hat ]lase corue into1 1 5 ~

lntl 1 ) ~reason of new ~ncd ium s f exprr-sion, s l~cl i ls thc 111ot.ioi1picture, radio, television, etc.

The new bill H. R. 12549, wllich wayrrritler tlisc.r~ssio!iin the House when Congress adjourned, proposes funda-mental changes in the present law as follows:

Features ormew M E Z . ( a ) "Automatic copyright

"

(sec. 1 ) hat is, ropyriglltfo r everything from the time of its making, without ref-erence to publication and without any formalities. Thenew law does away with the requirements of notice, reg-istration, deposit, and America11 manufi~cture s condi-tions for copyrig ht. American manufact ure is, however,retained as a condition for bringing suit ill certain cases.

Purchas ers a nd dealers in copyriglltuble matcri:rl are pr o-tected by a series of sections relatirig to registration an d

recording of assignments.(6 )

"

Divisible copyright"

(sec.. 9 ) : FJi1c.11 separaterigh t grante d by the lam is or may be the r~ ibj rct f sep:t-rate ownership without reference to other rights. e. g. ,the right of public performance may belong to o:rtB ~)erso!iwhile the right of publication belongs to another, and theowner of cach right may bring suit for its i~ifringrrrlentwithout reference to owners of othe r riglits. I-Iithertot.his division has been possible only by lichense :~rril ht?licensee could no t sue in his own nnnle. Cup;vrig,rtit wasregarded as one ilitlivisible property raiglit.

(c ) Extension of the leng th of tht: co1)yriglit ter-ln ail11abrogation of the necessity for a renewal registrat,ion.(Secs. 12-14.) The term is extended to the life of theauthor and 50 years, corresponcling with the terlrl i nEngland, France, an d other European coui~tries. Theauthor can not, however, assign the copyright beyond the


14/84

REPORT OF THE REGISTER OF COPYRIGHTS 11

espiration of 28 years after his death. Th e balance o f

the term would come back to his legal personal represen.

tatives. The present term (ac t of 1909) is based on pu b-lication a n d is 38 years plus a possible renewal of 25

years, a tot al of 56 years i n all.(0) nlar geme nt of th e subject matt er of copyrigh t,

both by broad language in the general provisions of sec-tion 1 ancl by the addition of new specific classes inhection 37, e. g., works of architecture.

( ( 7 ) Fhla rgem ent of the right s obtained (sec. I) , e. g.,(lie rig ht of l*a(lio broilclcastinp fo r all works. also th erigh t to tran smit t he work by television a nd otherwise.

( f ) Elltry of the United Sta tes into the Internat ionalCopyr ight Union. (Sec. 61.)

The provision for entry into the International Copy-right Union would authorize the President to effect and Iproclaim adhesion of t he Unite d States to the Berne con-vention which established the union. Thi s worlld gr an tto American authors and co~nposer s rotection f or theirworks in foreign countries, with reciprocal protection inAmerica fo r the works of fo reigners.

Public hearings on the general revi~ion bill (H . R.6990) were held by th e Committee on Pa tents , House ofRepresentatives, on April 3, 4, and 11, 1930.

A t these hearings members of the Authors' League and HeoTiit~8 nb i l l H. R. 990.

others present offered arguments i n suppor t of revision,and made clear the objections to the present copyrightlaw. The hoarings before the Pate nts Committee repre-sented a climax in the five years' hi story of the copyrightcampaign. Form erly the Authors' League and theAtnerican Society of Composers stood almost alone insup por t of the bill then offered. Due to modificationsmade in the bill most of the opposition had vanished anda t the hearings in April of this year the industries gen-erally ranged themselves with the authors in support ofthe present bill.

This bill (H . R. 12549) was introduced May 22, 1930,e eral rev68&n b i l lmas reported with amendment M ay 28 (House Reporthtmauced.No. 1689). House Resolution No. 243, to consider thehill, was fitroduce d Ju ne 11; reported to the House June13 (House Report No. 1898); reintroduced June 24(House Report No. 2016) ; and mas finally brought upfor consideration in the House on June 28, when sev-


15/84


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Th e bill provides that in order t o be entitled to registrn-tion the design must be actually applied to some articleof manufacture. Tbe first term of protection is for 2years subject to an extension of 18 years more. The feefor the first registration is $3 and for the secoiicl $20.

Meantime another design copyright bill, H. R. 7495;lH. R. w5 .was introduced by Hon. William I. Sirovich (of NewYork) on December 13, 1929, with some changes. Thi sbill is printed in full on page 56 of this report.

Public hearings on H. R. 7243 were held by the Corn- Hearing8esign b i l l . nmittee on Patents on Februa ry 13 and 14, 1930.

Among those present who spoke in hupport of the billmere Mr. Henry D. Williams of the American Bar Asho-cintion (itself on record as approving snch a law), whohas lllbored for years to secrire this legislation; IVillinmExton, jr., representing a committee of ar ti st s; MissMary E. Bendelari, a designer and manufactur er; E. I rv-ing Harrison, Par11 K. Bonner, and Horace Cheney, forthe silk manufacturers, who have suffered severely flsoinpiracy in designs; and C. R. Clifford, publisher, whoseefforts for a design copyright law have been long ant1earnest.

Opposition came in the main from the retailers whowanted some exemption from liability for unwittinglyselling pirated designs. The speakers were H. S. Ames,of the Retailers' Association; Isaac Lande, representingthe Dry Goods Association; Frederick H. Knight, of the

Susquehanna Silk Mills; and others.Following the hearings, H. R. 7243 was amended andreprinted as H. R. 11852.1a Th is bill was introduced byMr. Vestal on Apr il 22, 1930. I t was reported out ofcommittee on May 2, and was passea by the House onJuly 2, 1930, and now awaits action by the Committeeon Putents of the Senate.

The full text of this bill as passed by the House isprinted on page of this report.

"

1929 (Dec. 13). A blll amending the Statutes of the United Stateswlth reference to copyright registration of designs nnd styles. lntrodueedby Mr . Slrovich. H . H. 7495. 71st Cong.. 2d sess . 17 pg. 40. Referredto the Committee on Patents.

'"930 (Apr . 22 ). A bi l l amending the Statutes of the United Statee t e

provide for copyright regletration ef deslgns. H. R . 11862, 71st Cong. . 213sess . 19 gp. 4'. Referred to the Committee on Patents.


17/84

14 REP O RT OF T H E EEG I S TER OF COPYRIGHTS

f ' r , / / t / l 1117t t~~rorlrrrr~at?c,nn.

Two copyriglit proclamations have bee11 issued, one inf; ~v or f Finl and, December 15, 1928 (cffective Ja nua ry1, 1929), and one in favor of the Irish Frcc, State, Sep-tember 28, 1929 (effective Octobcr 1, 1929).

These extend the copyright privil eges of t he UnitedSta tes to the ~la ti onal s f those contltries, official nssur-:trices hiwing been received that similar privileges arenow grantetl by those countries to citizens of the Uni tedStates.

T l ~ eexts are 111-inted n this rc1l)ort at p:lges 77 :ln(l 79.Rcspectfnlly submitted.

WILLIAM TJ. ROWN,Acting Register of Copyr ights .

HERBERT UTNAM,Libr.a7.inn of Congress.


18/84


19/84

1 :lCPO RT O F T H E R E G I S T E R O F C O P Y l l T G l I T S

Rccord o f appl ied fees- -- - -- -- - .--.. -- -. .-

I I

I~~.~~~:,~i~~~ of R ~ K i S t W t i o l l ~f l { r ~ i s t r : ~ t i o ~ ~ . \pllblished ,ishel, works, ! of 111blisl1~~~I l< v~ i? l . r z i l i o~ ~ s 'r < , ~ t l l1 works, inc!l~ ~d- photos , IU J I 11, r c ~ ~ ~ w : i l s,,,,,,.

.\I,,:lt,II1ingcartitintttas , :,$,,:::$ I cc~tiflclay. ................. Iune. .................

Totnl.. .........

r

IUnJJ u l y ...................

I I I i1 1

81%. n0 230 %61.a)/ 52) 8 . 20 , 4lli ~ 4 . W V . ~ ~ % . W .US................ : 141.00; 355 I, 158.001 2971 ? i0 ! 70, 72.001 52.001 23,668. 0Sel.lt81nber ............ 1% ]LUX(.00' 265 i w.0 0' 110' 11. HOI 34, 34.W 62.00 Zi, E6.WOctober

I............... u 7 . m 375 1, nn .m 1%. 15.so1 ud 6 0 . 4 5 1. 00 q m a s o

s o v e r n b e r ........... 1 El ai.m! ar r l.ouaJx.al sol 8 1 . ~ 1 z s.00~ z e , l ~ . ~December ............. I33 13i.00, 325 1,030.00 419 4 1 . 4 W/ 91.00 420027,733.90

I I


20/84

1:El'OliT OF TH E l


21/84

.- - . - .. - . -. - -. .i

I(:!,I>s . ~ C I : I ; , : ( : I ;~ ; .~rt .c r ~ f ~ t ) p y r i ~ I l f . l!)l.c, ?, , :!;21 :7 1,.,?7 3 I I,,r?\ 2 1 , I!V>l.;!!

.... . . . I.\ Iiookh: i !1 ( ~ ( 1 ) b? i !~ rc q ;18 ILII? ;~jii.c(l S~.LI~.IISI I i

.............................o01;; 11: npri.. .......................' . :nll~l~l(-l.


22/84

R E P O R T O F T H E R E G IS T El l O F C O P Y R I G H T S

Nunober of articlcu deposited d w i n g th.c l tcut five fiscal yleary-

Class Snhje ct inattor of copyrightI

- . - ---. - . -. I--A \ Books: I

/ (a) Printed in tho United Stntes-.......................ooks (proper) 19,664 21.580 ' 20,802 8.002

...............a ~ n p h b t s , eaflt-ts, etc 61.048 65, i2 3 61.170 50,582,Contributions to nc!wspapors and !..........................! periodioils 28,055 B , 232 28,986 13.574

.,

...........................!I

otal. 109,557 ! 116,535 1 114,958 91,158; (b) Printetl sb road in n foreign hmgun gc..../ 6.586 ' 3,777 4.405 , 3,689'

(c) English works rcgistRmd for ad interimcopyright ............................ 1 I. M 3 I 1,704 1 1,466

!

............................

lTotal 117.382 / 121.668 / 121.087 96.313

................................... 82,110 81.8% 94,7% 87,926C Lcctoras, sermons, etc ........................ 335 B J ~ 389 338D !Dmmn tic or driimatico-musicnl compositions. 4,653 5, lli 5.156 5. a05EF

OI1

I

J

K

LM

Musclal wm~i"i t~ons. ...................... 3.5, (62 35,573 37,854 37.051'

Maps ........................................ 5,222 5,296 6,724 4,452........... .orks of art, models or designs. .. 3,177 2,580 3,152 2,569

Repro ducti ons of works or art.. .............. 0 0 0 0Drawings or plastic works of a scientific or 1

.........................

echnical chnracter 2,2252

50 ; 2,783 ' 428

.hotegrtlphsr ................................ 13,042 14.37Q 15,414 9,337Pri nts nnd pictorin1 illustrations .............. 19,781 21,171 19,052 14.012

................... .otion-plcture photoplays 8.976 8,685 2.552 ! 2,188..............otlon plctures not photoplays 592 1,040 1,938 2,378

-

Total .................................. 293,166 298,863 ; 310,208 1 284,204


23/84

A D D EN D A

Paot

I. A bill to authorize the President of t he United Stntes to rEect andproclaim th e ndhesiou of t he United St ates to the convention forth e protection of wor ks of li terat ure a nd ar t signed at Rome onJune 2, 1928. II. R . 6088 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 23

11. A bill to amend the Act ent itled "An -4ct to nmt'iid an d ronsol idatethe Acts respecting copyright," approved March 4, 1909, n samended,' iu le sl ~e ct f ruwhanicnl reprodu ction of lnusical com-positions, nnd for other pllrposes. H. R. 0630 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 24

111. A bill to amend and consolidate the ncts respecting copyright and topermit the United St ates to enter the Inter national CopyrightUnion. H. H. 1 2 6 4 9 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 25

IV. A bill amending the Statut es of the United Stat es with reference tocopyright registration of designs and styles., H. R. 7495 -------- 68

V. A bill amending the Statutes of the U~li ted States to provide forcopyright registration of designs. H. H . 11852 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 66

VI.'%apyr lght proclamation-Finland - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 77VII. Copyrigh t proclamation-Irish Fre? St at e . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78


24/84

I 7 l s t Cong., 2d sess. H. R . 0988. In the House of Representudves.December 9, 19291

Mr. Vestal introduced the following bill; which wasreferred to the Committee on Patents and ordered to beprinted..\ RITJTJ To autl~orief. he President of t he United S tat es to effect

and ~ ro cl ai m he adhesion of the United States t o the conven-tion for the protection of works of 1iLerature an d ar t signedrlt Rome 01 1 June 2, 1928

Be It enacted hy the Senate cmLd House of Representa-( i c e s of the United Xtatcs of ilnwn'ca in ~~~~~ess as-rcmbled,. That the President of the United States be, andhe is hereby, authorized to notify th e Government of the3wiss Confederation that the United States desires tocuter the International Copyright Uuion and will ad-here to the conrerltioli for t he protection of works ofliterature and art signed at Rome on June 2, 1928.

SEC. . On and afte r Jan uar y 1, 1930, foreign authorswho first publish their works in any country which is amember* of the Copyr ight Union, as well as all a uthors11-110 are within the jurisdict ion of any one of the coun-tries of t he said union, shall enjoy fo r th eir works pub-lished for the first time in one of the countries of the>:rid union such righ ts as the laws of the United State snow gra nt or shall hereafter gra nt to citizens of theUnited States.

SEC. . Copyright protection shall extend to all worksb ~ - uch authors, not already copyrighted in the UnitedStates, wliich are protec*trd by copyright in any countryaf the International Copyright Union on January 1,1930, first published after July 1, 1909: Provided, how-ecer, Tha t with respect t o such works no rig ht o r remedygiven pursuant to this act shall prejudice lawful acts{lone or the continuance of enterprises lawfully under-taken within the United States prior to January 1, 1930.clr any r ight s i n copies lawfully made.

SEC. . The duration and termination of the copyrightprotection in the United States for all works shall be

23


25/84

24 I1EPOHT OF T H E R E G I S T E R O F C O P Y R I G H T S

g o v e r ~ ~ e d y the provisions of sections 23 ancl 24 of tllecopyright act approved March 4, 1900 : IJt*or?itlrtl, hatthe duration of such copyright shall I I OL in tht* Cilhe of:lny foreign work exterld heyond the (late ul)oll wl1ic.11s1lc11 V I J I - ~ tns f:lll(>lr llto tllcl l>lil)lic. lolri:ii~i ri the colln-11.p of origin, or of fi st publicntion.

Mr. Vesttil ilitroduced the following bill; wlrich wasreferred to the Comniittee on Pntents ant1 ortlered to heprinted.

A BIr,I, T o u ~ n e n t l he act entitled "An act to ~~mend nd c t ~ ~ ~ s o l i -date the :lets rcspccting copyright," ugprovetl Marc11 4, 1909, a s;uncwdetl, in respect of rncc.11nni1.111relbroductici~~ f rnuuicanl conk-l~oxitions, nd for other ~ u r p o u o u

He it er~ac*tedy the Senate a~idHo.use of Heyr*eserttu-lives of the U nited Stn te .~ f rlm.erica in 6 'orryr.e~~sse.nt-bled, Th a t subsection (e) of section 1 of the act entitled"An act to amend and consolidate the acts respectingcopyright,'' approved March 4,1909, as amended (UllitedStates Code, title 17, section 1 (e )) , is amended to reat121s follo\\. s :

"(e) (1 ) To perfol.rn tlie copyrighted work publiclvfor profit if it be n n~~lsic.al ompositioll, a~r(l o make anyarraugernthnt or settin g of it or of t l ~ e rlelody of i t in a nysystem of notation or any form of record in which thethought of an autho r may be I-ecorcled and f r o ~ n hich itmay lhe read or rep roduced: I'rovidtd, Th at the provi-s ions of thi s : ~ t , o far ;IS they secure copyrigllt cull-trolling the parts of instrumellts servirlg to reprocluce1nec~1i;tnic:llly he musical worli, :11all i n c l ~ ~ d e nly conlpo-hitions publishccl ancl copyriglltecl nfter ,July 1, 1909, andshall not include the works of a foreign autlior or coiil-l'oser 11111esx l ~ e ore ign st ate or nation of \vhic.ll 511~11a ~ ~ t l i o r r coniposer is tt citizen or subject g19itnts, eitherby tivatp, co~~v c~nti on, greement, or l aw, to (bitinen.; ofthe 1-nitccl Sttttcs sinlilnr I-ipllts.

SEC . The first 1)aragrapll of ~ub sec tio n c) of section25 of such nct of RI~rrch 4, 10O!), : ~ s ~rt~c rit lt~ l TTnitrdState s Code, tit le 17, section 25 ( e ) ) . ant1 :111y o t l ~ ~ r ro -


26/84

vision of such act of March 4, 1909, as amended, in re-spect of the royalty of 2 cents on each part manufacturedof instrulnents serving to reproduce mechanically acwpyriphted musical composition are hereby repealed.

SEC. . This act shall take effect on July 1, 1930, and511~11 ot affect part s of inst ruments serving to reproduce~nechnnically musical works manufactured prior to suchdate.

[ i l a t Cong . , 2d sc!nn. 11. R. 12549. R e p o r t No. 2010. 16 t h e Ilouse ofR e p r c s ~ n t n t i v e s , M a y 22, 10301

Itlr. Vestal illtroduced the following bill; which was~r fe rr ed o the Committee on Patents and ordered t o beprinted :

(May 68, 1930, reported with an nmendment, referredto the House Calendar, and ordered to be printed; June12, 1930, recommitted to the Committee on Patents andorcl~red o be printed; June 13, 1930, reported with:tmendments, refe rred to the House Calendar, and orderedto be printed; June 23, 1930, recommitted to the Com-mittee on Patents and ordered to be printed; June 24,1930, referred to the House Calendar and ordered to beprinted.)

A H IL L To amend and consolidate the acts respecting~copyrightand to permit the United States to enter the InternationalCopyright Union

B a it enacted b y tlw Senate and Home of Rep)*csen$a-tives of the United States of America in Congrees m-,*elt~bZed,hat copyright throughout the United Statesand its dependencies is hereby secured and granted toituthors, subject to the provisions of this act, withoutc*ompliance with any conditions or formalities whatever,from and after the creation of their work and for theterm hereinafter provided, in all their writings, pub-lished or unpublished, in any medium or form or byi t n v rnethod through which the thought of the author

may be expressed, and such copyright includes the ex-clusive r i g h tTo copy, print, reprint, publish, produce, reproduce,

l'erform, render, exhibit, or transmit the copyright workin any form by any means, and/or transform the same


27/84

from any o i its various forms into any other form, a ndto vend or otherwise rlis1)ose of such \vork; ant1 sl~all

further include (but not by way of lilliitntion bocaoseof the specific enumeration of tile sul)ject 11liit.ter herr-: ~ f t e r tated) the exclusive rigl~ts-

(a ) To trnllsltlte saicl work illto otller l i ~ n g ~ ~ t ~ g c s 1'.~litllects, r to make any o ther version t11c.1-eof ;

(b) To make ally form of recortl ill \vl~ich l ~ t > l ~ o r ~ g l ~ tof un a~ltllor ri:iy L)c ~.ec:o~.tlecl 111(1 fro111 \vl~icli l ~iiay crei~ tl, reprocl~~c:etl, pe rfor~ut~d, uliibi tt:cl, 1*(11)1'11~(!11tt\tl.~t luli\;e~.tlt , _t~-nnsmittctl, r cornmrlr~ici~te~l

(r.) To clrilniatize or 111:llte ;I 11iotio11 )ic.tr~l-c wit11 orwitho ~lt ound antl/or tlii~logr~e f si~i l wo~.lr f it bc! n IIOII-tlrilmutic work : or to tsonvc!rt saitl wo1.1~ nto :I I I O I I -tlrnmittic or tlraiiiatic 1vo1.k eul)rc~sscvl ll \vortls o l e pl~vsi-( e i 1 1 i~c:tion if it be ;I tl~.ain:ltic work i n lhc f0l.111 of ;Illlotioll pict~lre with or I\-itllo~~t o1111t1 I I I ( ~ / O I * (Iii11og11~:or illto n novel or noll(1runliltic \volak, 01. 11rotio11 )ir .t ~~ l.ewit11 01. without sorr~~tl r~ct/or ~l i : i log~~c~.f it. IN .:I ( I Y ~ I I I I ~ Ic~slw~ssetl n wortls or l)l ~ys ica l ct ion :

((1) Iii the csase of a it~usic:tl c o ~ ~ ~ p o ~ i t i o r ~ .o ill'r;Illg(L01- atlapt saitl work, to 1)erfor.rn stiitl \\-o1.1< ~.)~~blic.lyorofit it or to nlnke ilny nrrangc~rn~nt r st .t ti i~g lrt?l-cof 01.

of tllc. inc~lotly llereof in i111y S Y S ~ ( ~ I I I f 11ot:ltio11 1' : I I ~ > .for111 of i.ecc)rd in which the thoiigl lt of : I II ~ r ~ t h o r 11iryI)e rccorcled nntl f ro m which i t nlay b:. rclt111, b~.oatlc .i~xt.1)ro(lucecl, performecl. csh ibi tet l, representtvl, t'lclivc.ret2.transmitted or comrnunicuted: Y~*orlitlrd, i o r ~ . e t ~ ~ . r . . l l ;~tthe provisions of tshis :ict, so f nr as tlley secure copy-riglit controlling the pnrts of il~str~~rr~tlllts, eiltg theinstrunlrnts referred to in s~~bs ecti on r ) of scbctioi~ ofthe act of niilrch 4, 1909, as amentlctl ([I. S. C ., t,itle 17.sev. 1 (e ) ), s e r v i ~ ~ go reproduce ~ ~ ~ t ~ ~ l ~ i i ~ ~ i c : i ~ I l vile n ~ t ~ s i ( ~ ; ~ lwork, s l~a l l nclrrcle only conlpositioos pr~b lishe (l niltlc.ol)y~.ightttd ft ,er J11ly 1: 1909, :i~rd l~wll lot ir1c.111tlr lirmusical conlpositions of a foreign a~ithor or trolllposerunless the foreign state or nation of which s11c11 ~utlioror corrlposer is n citizen, griln ts, eitl1c.r by tl .~ at y, oriveli-tion, agre ement, or law, to c:itizens of the TJr~itetl States.hirnilar rights: A.trclr yrorlddtl furather, Thiit l~otl~ing nthis act shi~ll e const ri~ed o prohilit tht? ~)c+rfoi-~rinlrt~eof copy right nlusicnl works by cl~ urche s, chools, :~ ntl,,'orf ra te r i~a l o ~ . g i ~ n i ~ i ~ t i o n s :rovided tl ~ e ~)c.rfo~.rl~:~llc:e *given for charitable or edilsntionul or religioos pllr1)oses.


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ullless a fee is charged for admission to the place where

the music is so used;(e) To complete, execute, and finish said work;( f ) To deliver or authorize the delivery of said work

in public if i t be a lecture, sermon, or address preparedfor oral delivery;

(g ) To communicate said work to the public by radiobroadcasting, rebroadcasting, wired radia, telephoning,telegraphing, television, or by any other methods ormeans for transmitting or delivering sounds, words:images, or pictures whether now or hereafter existing;

( h) To produce, reproduce, perform, represent, or ex-hibit said work publicly if it be a dramatic or dramatico-musical work in any manner or by any means or methodswhatsoever: Provided, iwuwver, That nothing in this actshall be construed to prohibit the performance of copy-right musical works by churches, schools, and/or fr a-ternal organizations, provided the performance is givenfor charitable or educational or religious purposes, unlessa fee is charged for admission to the plaee where themusic is so used.

SEC. . Such copyright shall extend to all publishedand uripublished works of authors who are citizens of theUnited States, not in the public domain on the date whenthi s act takes effect and all works of such citizens here-after created and to the works of alien authors in theevent that :

4

(a) Such work is first published in the United Statesor a foreign country adhering to the International Copy-right Union described in section 69 61 of this act; or

(b) Such work, if unpublished, is created by a na-tional of a foreign country adhering to said InternationalCopyright Union ; or

(c) Such author is a national of a foreign country notadhering to said International Copyright Union, whichcountry by treaty or international agreement grants tocitizens of the United S tates copyright on the same basisas to its own nationals; or

(d ) Such author is a national of a foreign cou~l try ot

adhering to said International Copyright Union, but isresiding a t the time of t he creation of such work in a.country adhering to the International Copyright Union.

The existence or cessation of the reciprocal conditionsaforesaid shall be determined by the President of the


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I-n ited Stat es by 1)roclnmution inutle froul time to t inl r,;I S the purposes of this act nlay rcq11il.e.

11 1 th e event t ha t tllc Unitc!tl St ;tlcs sl1:~11 lt :tny tiuieafter adllerencc withdraw froul sriitl Intcrnntio~~nl opy-ri gh t Un ion, the11 th e provisions of th is sc?ct,ion el'cbrringto said International Copyriglit Uiiion sliall t hcticcfortlillnve 110 forcc :111cl effect, but tlic o tlicr provisions of tliisscction dial1 1-cinnili in ful l forcc an d offoct.

SNC. 3. Wllc1rc :illy wol*lr? ' s cc !~)~I ~ I ~ : I . I I I : I ~ ~ ( : O - I ~ ~ I I S ~ C : ~ ~or musical work, is creatcci by an cmploycc wit~liil~ hewopc of liis c~iirl)loy~~(~iit~,is ciiiploy(~r lr:lll, as :~l~t;llot.,Ijc tlic owncr of tlic co pyri ght ill srtcli \~ or lc , n tlic : ~ b -sencc of ng rccii~cn t o tllc c on tr al ey but tliis provisionsllall irot :~l)l)ly ;o \vorlrs CI-catcd on speci:tl c~o~tuiiissic~~~\\-here t1icl.c is no rclrltioli of cml11oyc.r :t11cI ( ~ 1 1 1 1 ) 1 0 ~ ( 1 ~ ' ~11nlcss he parties slln11 :~.grcc tlic~~-wise.

S11:c. 4. Copylsiglit scc.11rcd 1)y Illis act sl l; ~ll ~ s t ~ ~ ~ ~ t lo: I I I ~vorl< sul);io(!t t,Ilc!~-(~lo o t l ~ c !P X ~ ( : I I Ito \ v l ~ i t - l ~t , isorigina l, iio twitl~s talrtl iiig it is I):tscd i l l I ) : I I - ~ I I I ) O I I . 01.itlco~.l)or:~ts i l l \\lliolc 0 1 . l l 1);irt. o111(~ )1vvio11sIy >xi.st11g~vo1.k: J ' v o v i t l~d , JIo?o~v(,t', 1i:tt S I I C I ~(l*e slr:tlI 11ot 1,s-t c ~ i d he copyright, if any, in srlch p~ .c vi o~ ~s ly xisting\\-ark nor re-create copy right tliercin :111(1 11c c~ ~j oy lt lo nt:tnd excrcisc of such copyr ight slinll bc sl~l)jcc:t 111(1 with-clut prcj adic e to tlie right,s of the owncr of the copyrigli t,if any, i n th e previously existing work, and/or of anyolletlcriving or who has derived any right or rights fro111said owner. This scctioli shall not :tpl)Iy to \\ ~o rI cs r~ *-fcrrcd t o i n scction 5 of this act.

SEC. . Any conlpiln tion, abri~lglncnt., II'~ :I )t:~t,ion.I 1-r;~ngcmciit,, r dr:ini:~lization of :I c l ~ ~ : l i n : ~ t i c : o - ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ s i c . ; ~ lriii~~sical ol.lr, if tlic sairic be :t worlr in t)lic p~ ib li c ~ O I I I : L ~ I I ,or of a copyrigllt drai~~atico-n111sic:l.l r 11111sic.:11 o1.k\\-hen proclucccl with th e consent of tlic p ropl- ictor of ilic.ceopyright in such work, shall bc l,c!garcl~.(l IS :L II:\V wo1.ks~ibjcct. o copyri ght uiidcr thc prov isio l~s f 111is lcbt; )nttll c pu1)licatioli of an y such ncw worlr s11:ill not : ffcclt tllcfol-cc or vnl id ity of a.ny sl.tlosistitr,c copyl.ig11 11po11 hemattcr cmploj~ccl or a ny part, tl~cl.roE, r I I ( !constlbllctl oilnply ail ex c l~ si vc ig ht to s11c.11 IISC of 1 1 1 ~o~*iginalworks, or to sccurc or cxtencl copyi.ight in such original

\vorlrs; nor sliall copyright oxist ill the origi~lalext

ofany work which is in th e public domni11.


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SEC. . Tlle copyright is clistinct from the property in

any material reproduction of the work, ancl the sale orconveyance, by gif t or otherwise, of the material repro-:luction shall not,of itself constitute a tr a~ ls fc r of the?opyright, nor shall the assignment or license of the3opyright constitute a tra nsfer of the title to the materialreproduction unless expressly stipulated; except in the:ase of photographic portraits made for hire or on com-mission, in which case, in the absence of writt en agree-ment to the contrary, the copyright shall vest in theperson whose portrait is reproduced or his legal repre-3entatives. Nothing in this act shall be deemed to forbid,prevent, or restrict the transfer of any copy of n copy-right work the title to which has been lawfully ob-

'ained.SEC. 7. I f the United States Government reprints and

listributes any copyright work or part thereof it shalljecure the consent of the copyright owner and shall ap-lend thereto a reference as to such work, but sr~ch se;hall not in any way authorize the use elsewhere of suchaopyright material or prejudice or limit the rights of the:opyright owner. Subject always to the foregoing, noSopyright shall subsist in any report or other pr~blication)f the United States Government.

SEC. . The co~yri ght f a work of architecture shall.over only its artistic character and its design and shalllot extend to processes or methods of construction. norlor shall it prevent the making, exhibiting, or publishing)f photographs, motion pictures, paintings, or other illus-rations thereof, which are not in the nature of archi-.ectural drawings or plans, and the om-iler of the copy-Tight shall not be entitled to obtain an injunction re-itraining the construction, substantially begun, or use, oftn in fring ing building, o r an or der for its demolition oreizure.

A8SIaNMENT OF COPYRIGIIT

SEC. . The au thor or other owner of any copyright.eared under this act or of any copyright heretoforeecured under any previous act of the United States may,o the extent of his interest therein, by written inst ru-nent signed by him or his duly authorized agent, exe-uted after this act goes into effect, assign, mortgage,

1473-


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license, or otherwise dispose of, the entire copyright orany r ight or r ights comprised therein, e i ther wholly orwpariitely, either generally or subject to limitations, fort l ie en t i re to rm of such co l~yr i~ l l tr t o r n limited time,or fo r 11 specified territory or territories, and may bc-que:i. th the same by will. Th e autho r or ot her owner ofany c opyright or i~ n y lcrson or persolls deriving an yright , t i t le , or jntcrcst from :my author or other owner:is aforcs:iid, m ay each, sc~p:watoly, or Iiinisclf, in hi s ow nname :IS party to a suit, action, or proceeding, protectand enforce such r ights as he may hold, and t o the csten tof 11is I-iglit,, itlo , a11c1 ntore st is c iltitlctl to th e remerliesprovided by this act : Provided, That no nssjgnlncl~tbythe :~titIior,w11crc t l ~ e~lrtllors a11 ind ivit lua l, of th e copy -rigl i t in an y wo rk and no g is:~tl t y h im of any interest

there in (otherwise tha n by will ), af te r the pass:tge of th isact, sllnll be operative to vest in the assignee or granteeany r ights with respect to the copyright in the workbeyond t l ie espirat ion of twenty-eight years from thedeath of the autho r, and the reversionary interest in thecopyright expectant on the termination of that periodshall , on the death of the author, notwithstanding anyugrcemcnt to the contrary, devolve on his legal personalrepresentatives as pa rt of his estate , and al ly agreemententered in to by him as to the disposition of such rc-vel.sionary interest, shall be null and void.

SKC. 0. Assignments, grants, licenses, and mortgagesof co py rigl ~t r of a ny separate r ight t liercin, or any othe r

instrument or paper writ ing relat ing to or affecting :Lcopyright or r ig ht therein, may be recorded in the copy-rig ht office a t any tinlc nftcr escc ntion. A failrrre so torecord sliall not affect the v:ilidity of any such instru-men t: Provided, T h at no unrecorded assignment, gran t ,license, mortgage, or other instrulnent shall be valid orof an y ctffect. against any previously rccordcd assign-ment, grant , l icel ise , mortgage, or instrument to a pur-cll:iscr, licensee, or ot her tra nsfe ree for value a nd w ithou tnotice, whother such unrecorclcd instrilment be prior indate of cxccrition or not, and whether subsequently re-corded or not. Suc h proviso, however, shall not app lyto unrecorded instrum ents by which periodical and /ornewspaper publication rights are assigned or conveyetl;but if , in addit ion thereto, such instruments also assignor convey other r igl i ts , and/or refer or pertain in any


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way to any other rights, then such instruments to theextent of th e provisions or agreements contained thereinrelating to such other rights shall be subject to suchproviso.

After the effective date of this act, upon th e purchaseof a par t, but not all, of t he rights of the author in orunder a copyright, unless the instrument assigning suchrig hts by its terms expressly includes the ri ght of firstpublicat ion, the purchaser shall be deemed to have knowl-edge, at the time of such purchase, of t he existence ofsuch first publication right in or under such copyright,having priorit y a s to time of publication over any rightor right s so purchased: Provid ed, Tha t right s of first

publication shall be deemed to have expired by lapseof time as against a purchaser of any othe r rightsin or under the same copyrigllt if not exercised bycommencement of publication within one year of thedat e of delivery of the enti re copyright work of thepurchaser of such right of first publication, unless withinsuch period the purchaser of such right of first publica-tion shall have recorded in the copyright office a noticeor instrume nt of assignment signed by th e author, o rhis agent duly authorized for the purpose, showing thename of the author, the name of the assignor if otherthan t he author, the name of the assignee and the dur a-tion an d general nature of such right of first publication.

As between two or more innocent purchasers of rig ht offirst publication in the same copyright work, that onewho shall have first recorded the notice or instrument ofassignment as herein provided shall prevail, anything inthis section 10 of th is act to the contrary notwit hstand-ing, and notwithstanding any provision hereinabovecontained as to unrecorded instruments conveying peri-odical and/or newspaper rights : Provided, however,That for this purpose, where such notice or instrumentof assignment is mailed by registered mail properly ad-dressed to the copyright office in Wasllington, the dateof such mai ling shall be deemed th e dat e of record. Allassignments, gra nts, licenses, mortgages, and other inst ru-

ments, notices, or paper writings hereinabove referred to,when recorded in the copyright office, shall be indexedin the name of the author a nd th e assignor, licenser, ormortgagor, and in the name of the assignee, licensee, andmortgagee, and under the title of the copyright work.


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SEC. 1. 1nst1.111nents eferred to ill sc~ction 0 esccuted

in a foreign country may be ~c kn o~ vl t~ tl g~ tl r subscribedand swwn to by tlie assignor or licensor before a diplo-mati c or consular officer of the United Stat es :tlithorizedby law to adm~nister aths or perform notarial acts, orbefore any nota ry public, judge, or 111agistrate of allyforeign couiltry authorized to adliiinister oaths or per-form notarial :~cts n such country nrtd whose authorityshall be proved by certificate of diplomati c or corisularofficers of the Uriited States. Such certificate shall beprima facie evidence of t he rxecution of t he instrument,and the inslrument and certificate shall be admissibleu s evidence in any action or proceeding brought underthis act.

TERM O F COPYRIQHT PROTECTION

SEC. 12. The term for which copyright is secured bythis act shall be fo r the life of the auth or, if living, andfor a period of f ifty years afte r his death, except th atwhere the author is not an individual the term shall befifty years from the dat e of completion of the cre atior~ fthe work; and except that in the case of a work by jointauthors the copyright shall terminate at the expirationof fifty years from the da te of the death of t he jointauth or who first dies, or shall exist d uring the Life of t heauthor who dies last, whichever period is longer: Pro-vided, That where the work is based in whole or in part

upon a previously existing work in which a longer copy-right term may endure, then the copyright in said workshall endure for a term equal to th at of said previouslyexisting work, or for th e term of fifty years aforesaid,whichever term is longer: Provided further, That theterm of copyright &all not in any case exceed the termgrant ed in the country of t he origin of th e work.

SEC. 13. I n th e case of any posthumous work, suchperiod shall be fifty years from the date of t he death 01the author.

SEC. 14. The copyright subsisting in any work whenthis act goes into effect shall be continued at the end ofthe subsisting term until the expiration of fifty yearsbeyond the author's death, and such continuation of t hecopyright to the extent of any extension over and abovethe term of twenty-eight years subsisting on the datewhen thi s ac t takes effect and any renewal thereof regis-


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REPORT OF TH E REGISTER OF COPPIUOETS 35

ceed the sum of $5,000 norbe less than $100; and suchdamages shall in no case be regardedas a penalty.

(d ) I n any action fo r infringement of copyrightinany work, if defendant prove that he was not aware thathe was infringing or has been subject to fraud or sub-stantial imposition by any third person or persons othertha n one of said defendant's employees, and in either caseth at such defendant has acted in good fa ith, the plaintiffshall not be entitled to an y remedy ag ainst such defend-ant other than to recover an amount equivalent to thefair and reasonable value of a license, but not less than$50 rior more than $2,500:Provided, h m w e r , That th is

subsection shall no t apply , in the event of re gistra tion ofcopyright or recordation of an instrument relating to oraffecting the same o i any right therein, prior to suchdefendant's entering into or upon the undertaking whichresults in such infringement, or if the work allegedtohave been infringed be a published work publishedwith authority from the copyright owner, if notice ofcopyright be affixed thereto; or if the work alleged tohave been infringed bea dramatic work, other than amotion picture, if such work has had a first-class publicproduction in the United States of America of at leastone week in a town of not less tha n one hundred thousandpopulation.

(e) I n case of the infringeme nt of an y creation of anauth or (except a dramatico-musical or musical composi-tion) by any person or corporation engaged solely inprinting, binding, or manufacturing the same in printedform, where such infringer shall show that he was notaware that he was infringin g and th at he mas acting ingood faith, and that such infringement could not havebeen reasonably foreseen, the person aggrieved shall beentitled only to an injunction against future printing,binding, and manufacturing the same in printed form,and to the delivery up of all such printed. bound, andmanufactured material , and shall not be enti t led to anyprofit made by such infringer from his contract or em-ployment to print , bind, or manufacture in printed form,nor to damages, actual or statutory, against such in-fr inger : P~owided , ha t in case such printer is also thepublieher, distributor, or seller of such creation, or inpartnership or regularly engagedin business with suchpublisher, distributor, o r seller, or is in a nywise directly


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BEPOET OF TH B RE30ISTBB. OF COPYEIQHT8 37

profits or benefit from the sale of the subject matterd-vertised, or fro m the han dling o~ placing of such adver-tising matter (other than profits derived by 'the pub-lisher merely from his contract or employment to runsuch advertising matter in his newspaper or periodical),then the immunity granted by this subsection( f ) shallnot apply.

SEC. 16. TIte E ~ c e p t e otherwise prosided in t h bact, thre n fring er shall fu rtherbe liable :

(a ) To de l iver 'up; on oath, to be impounded durin gthe pendency of the action, upon such terms and condi-tions a s the court may prescribe, a ll articles alleged toinfringe a copyright or any right comprised therein.

(b) To deliver up, on oath, for destruction, as thecourt may order, a l l th e infrin ging copies, records, rolls,and other contrivances or devices,as well as all plates,molds, matrices, orother meam for mak ing such infring-ing copies.

Sm. 17. I n any action against publishers, distributors+or sellers of periodicals or newspapers for infringementof copyright, the plaintiff shall notbe entitled M enjointhe alleged infringement as to any matter claimed toinfrinpe such copyright when any part of such materialhas theretoforebeen included In any i m e of such periodi-cals or new spapers uponw h i d the work of manufacture

hrts actu afly begun o r t o seque&r, imp oun d,or destroysny issue containing such alleged infringing matter, orthe means f o r publishing such iaue except upon proof tothe satisfaction cd the court that the manufttcture of th ei m e containing su& dltgeef infringing matter or thefirst installment thereof was comnrend wi th ac tua lknowledge that copyright subsisted in the work allegedto hove been infringed: PT & ~ , ?hmaer. Tha t theforegoing provision shall not appzy as to a right ofinjunction asserted against thepublication of subsequentinstallments of a serial in issuw on which the work ofm a n u f ~ c t u r ~a9 no t a~f.l~filiy e.gnn. where the copyrightmaterial alleged to have been infringed has theretoforebeen published in a magazine d. ewspaper of generalcirculation i n t he Udterl Stab.

SEG. 18. All ac tik s, snits, or proceeding# arisingundesthe cop yright laws 6f the Uni ted Sta tes sba l be origi-nttllg cognizable. by the dis t r ict courts of th e United,States, $he di&ct e m & - ed Ikritory, th Sqreasa


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under, or in case it shall appear to the satisfaction of

the court th at a complete determination can not be had inthe absence of other persons claiming or having rightsor interests in or un der the copyright o r some part thereofthe court, on application of such party or on its own mo-tion or on petition of such thir d person o r persons, shallgive notice to such person or persons of the pendency ofsuch action and permit him or them to apgear therein,and may make such provision with reference to suchprofits or statu tory dam ages by way of division or other-wise, and adjudicate the respective rights and interestsof th e several partiesto the action as justice may require.The court may require that notice of pendency of theaction be given in such manner as the court shall directto an y and a ll persons of record in the cop yrig ht officewho may claim to be assignees or licensees or the ownersor holders of any rights in or under the copyright inconnection with which a, tion may be b rought, i fL h einstruments under which such persons claim are regis-tered in the copy right ofiice, or if a claim to the copyrig htbe so registered. Th e failur e of any pa rty directedtobe brought in, to appear i n the action or suit , or to par-ticip ate therein, shall not delay the jud,gnent to whichthe plain tiff is entitled nor debar the plaintiff from prose-cut ing his sui t to a final determination nor from recov-erin g profits or damages to which he may be entitled:

Prm'ded, That nothing herein contained shall in anyway prejudice OF delay the rights, if any, of the plaintifft o njunctive relief or any other remedy given under thisnet, other th an f or profits o r statu tory damages aaaforesaid.

Sza. 24" Civil actiona, &its , or proceedings arisingunder this a d may be institnted i n the district of hi&the defendant or hihie agent is an inhabitant, or in whichhe mag be found,

Sm. 5. Th e orders, judgments, or decrees of anycourt mentioned i6 section 18 of this act arising uhderthe copyright laws of th e United States may be reviewedon appeal or wri t of error in the m anner andto theerrtent now provided by la w fo r the review of cases de -termined in wid courte, respectively.

SEC. 6. Any person who wil lfu lly and for p r d t sha einfringb the copyright in any work protected under th ecogprrght ELIPS af &a United &aha, m wha &al l W w :


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40 R E P O RT O F T H E R EG I S TE R O F C O P Y R I G H T S

ingly and willfully aid or abet such infringement, sha!l

be deemed guilty of a mistlemeanor, ancl upon convictio~ithereof sliall be pu~iishedby impr i so~lm cn t o r no t ex -ceeding one year or by fine of not less than$100 n o rinore tlian $1,000, or both , in the d iscre t ion of the cou r t:Prouided, That no criminal pl-oceeding sllall be main-tained u nder the provisions of thi s act unless the same isco~nmencedwithin three years nf ter the misdemennorwas committed and 110 civil proceeding unlrss the sameis conlmenced within three years after the cause ofaction arose.

SEC. 7. Th e Supreme Cou rt of the U ni ted S ta tesshall prescribe such rules and reg ulations a s may be nec-essary for practice and proceclure In any action, suit , orproceeding ins t i tu ted for infr ingementr ~n d e r h e p r o -visions of this nct.

MANUFACTURE A N D I MP O RTATI O N

SEC. 8. Except as in this act otherwise expressly pro-vided, all copies of any copyright material which shallbe d is t r ibuted in the Uni ted Sta tes in book, pamphle t ,map, or sheet forn: shal l be pr in ted f ro m type se t wi th inthe l imits of th e United States o r i ts dependencies, eitherby hand or by the a id of any kind of typeset t ing ma-cliine, and/or from plates made within the l imits of theUnited Sta tes or i t s dependencies f rom ty pe se t there in ;

or, if the text be produced by li thographic, mimeo-graphic , photogravure , or photo-engraving, or anykindred process or any other process of reproduction nowo r hereafter devised, then by a process wholly perform edwithin the l imits of th e Uni ted Sta tes or i t s dependen-cies ; and the p r in t ing o r o ther reproduct ion of the text ,an d the bind ing of snid book or p a~ np lile t , l inll be per -formed with in the l imits of the Uni ted Sta tes or i t sclependencies. Sa id requirements shall extend also toany copyr ight i l lus t ra t ions wi th in any book, pamphle t ,or sheet, except where the subjects represented are lo-ca ted in a fo re ign coun try and/or i l lus t ra te any scient if icor technical work or reproduce a work of ar t . Sai d re-

quirements shal l not ap ply to works in ra ised charactersfor the use of the b l ind , nor to works by authors whoare nationals of a foreign country.

SEC. 9. Th at whenever man ufacture is required in theUnited Sta tes or i t s dependencies under the precedingsec-


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tion, an affidavit under the official seal of any officerauthorized to administer oaths within the United Statesor its dependencies, duly made by the author himself;or by the owner of any right to pr int or publish suchwork in the United States in book, pamphlet, map, orprinted sheet form; or by any agent of such author orowner duly authorized for that purpose residing in theUnited States or its dependencies, shall b6 filed in th ecopyright office within sixty days after such publicationsetting forth the manner in which compliance has beenhad with all requirements of the preceding section. Suchaffidavit shall state also the place where, and the estab-lishment or establishments in which, such type was setand/or plates where made o r where lithograph, photo-gravure, photo-engraving, or reproduetion of any kia-dred process or any other process of reproduction nowor hereafter devised, and/or printing and binding, wereperformed, and the date of em plet ioa of print ing ofthe work or the date of publiclttisn. A t any time ortimes when complirtnca with such preceding &ion isrequisite, unless said amdavit shall be 61ed or the courtshall f ind t b a ilure to file said &davit wbla due toexcusable neglect, no action in respect of an infringem atof copyright in said work or any right or rightis thereintihall be instituted or me in ta id by ang penan who,

uader the provisions of tthis section, migbt haveW

this affidavit. But nothing herein c o n t a i d ~ h d l aitor suspend the right of the aseiggq or lie~rnsee f th eauthor of a ~ yight under sueh copyright other than tboebin th& se8dio.n spec&d to bring any d o n r pxwmdhg ,h r the infringement aP th e rights which such assigneeor Kcensee may. own.

Smc. W. Dwhg the e x i s h m ~ f the copyright in m ywork when such work has been published and mti.nuPlac-tured within he limits of the United States or i ts depend-*, under aa assignment. cevering stated riehta ia the 'United S t a b and its dependencies, or any of them,re@stered at the Copyright Office, nd mch a s s i p m d

stipulate exclusive dgs rights within the United S t a hand its &pendencies, or m y of them, the importation h t ethe United Staters of any copies theae~f printsd or pra-d u d by any of the ~~ mea t iod in &ions 28and 29 af th i s act, ar d lates or m e d i a of any k i dfsrwkb&.eop&1;fllussf,wWbwaawt~-by

" . . ,


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thc a nthor or proprietor of any foreign copyright., exceptused copies, shall be reported by the customs authoritiesat the port of in~port:~tion o the Register of Copyrigllts,an d if registration of a ~1:~iin o col)yriglit 01' riglitsunder section :36 of this act and the deposit of two copicsof the hmcric:ln edition shnll have h e n accoinplislictlprior to such importation, such irrlportcd copics, plntcs,or other i~ lcd iums or making copies shall be s1rbjrc.t toscizurc at Ihc instance of the assignee UE publicationright s in the United States. If found to bc iinportcclin violiltion of the terms of the contract of assigninr~lt,such copies, pl;~t.cs, or othcr mediums for n1:llting copiosshall bc forfeited to the as si g~ ~e c r otherwise tlisposc*tl of

a t th e cliscl-(>tion f tlic dis tric t co ~lr t f t he TTnitccl St:ttc:jhaving juriscliction of the case : Pro.vidcd, hou~coer, Tha tth e fol-egoing provision shall not apply-

(:I) 'l'o : I I I ~vo1-1~~l)lisl~(:(ln t,!1(1. voi~n!~-y f o l - i ~ i nwitfi tlic :iuthoi-ization of t l ~ c opyright proprietor, whenirnpo~.tccl, not Illore tllall one copy of ally sl1c.11 wo~. l< n:III? o11c invoice, for usc and not for sale or hil.e, by :~ntlfor ally free public libi.a~.y or b~.;ulch hrrcof, tiny pri-vately owned or endowed library opcn to free use bythe public or by scholars, or any scllool, college. socioty,or ins titution organized and conclucted in good f: ~i th orctl~~cational, iterary, philosophical, scientific, or religionsP I I ~ * ~ O W S ,r for the cncouragemcnt of thc fine arts, ant1

not for profit;(b) To any work poblishccl in the co~cntry of origin

with the nuthorizntion of thc copyright prolx-iotor, whenimpol*tcd, not inorc thnn one copy o f any slich worlr on:my onc invoice, for intlivitl~~al scr :1nc1 n o t for s:dc or1ii1.c. provid(lc1 that wit.hi11 cbn tlags pr io r t,o t.hc (1at.c. of th eordcr ing of s~ lc h opy for impoi.t:~tion the ~>ropi.icstorof thc TJnitcd States col)yi.igllt or i*i,nlits o siich work,within ten days after written clemnnd for a copy of silchwork, specifying that such copy is dcsircd for use :indnot for sale or hire, shall hnvc clcclinecl or nc!glcc.tc(l toagree to snpply the copy demanded at n pi-ice cq~~i val cntto the forc ign price thereof nncl tr.:lnsport:ition chaipcs ,plus custonis drltics when s~~bject hcrcto; or PI-ovidedthat at t,hc clatc of tlic ortlcr of snch copy for iinporta-tion no such rcgis tmtion arid clcposit of such copics of th eAmcr ican edit ion shal l hnvc 1)cc.n ~ nndc s aforesnicl;

(c) T o any work publislicd in the country of originwith the nuthorizntion of the copyright ~ r o ~ r i e t o r hen


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R E P O RT O F T H E R E G IS T ER O F C O P Y R d G HT S 43

imported by the proprietor of the United States copy-righ t or ri ghts fo r the purpose of filling demands forcopies thereof made pursuant to the preceding subdivi-sion (b ) or of filling orders for copies thereof receivedfrom any library, school, college, society, or institu-tion designated in the foregoing subdivision (a ) : Pro-vided, That every such demand or order sball specifythnt the work is desired f or use by th e purchaser a nd notfor resale or hir e;

(d) To works which form parts of libraries or privatecollections purchnsed en bloc in a foreign country forthe use of any libraries, schools, colleges, societies, orinstitutions designated in the foregoing s~~bdivision a ) ,or which form a part of the personal baggage of a nyperson arriving from a foreign country and which arenot intended for sale or hire: Provided, however, Thatno one person shall so import more than five such worksat any one time;

(e) To a foreign newspaper or magazine, althoughcoiltaining matter copyrighted in the United Statesprinted or reprinted by authority of the copyright pro-prietor, unless surh newspaper or magazine contains alsocopyright matter printed or reprinted without such au-thorization ;

( f ) To motion pictures and motion-picture pho b-plays ;

(g ) To the authorized edition of a book in a foreignlanguage or languages ;

(11) To works in raised characters for the use of theblind ;

( i ) To works imported by the authority or for theuse of the United States;

Provided further, That copies imported as above maynot lawfully be used in any way to violate the rightsof the proprietor of the American copyright or annul orlimit the copyright protection secured by this act, andsuch unlawful use shall be deemed an infringement ofcopyright.

SEC. 1. The imp ortation of any copies or substantialreproduct ions in whole or in pa rt, of any worlc in whichcopyright exists, into the United States which if made,published, distributed, exhibited, or performed in theUnited States would infringe such copyright is herebyprohibited.


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REPORT OF THE REGISTER OF COPYRIQHTS 47

(b) Periodicals, and contributions to periodicals, in-

cluding newspapers, and contributions thereto;

(c) Lectiires, sermons, addresses, or other matter pre-pared for oral delivery;

(d ) Dramatic compositions, dramatizations, anddrnmatico-musical compositions ;

(e) Musical compositions;

(f) Maps;(g ) Works of art;(h) Reproductions of a work of ar t, including en-

gravings, lithographs, photo-engravings, photogravures,casts, plastic works, or copies by any other methods ofreproduction ;

( i) Drawings and plastic works of a scientific or tech-

nical character ;( j ) Photographs ;( k ) Prints and pictorial illustrations, including prints

or labels for articles of manufacture and trade-unionlabels ;

(1) Motion-picture photoplays, with or without soundand/or dialogue ;

(m) Motion pictures other than photoplays, with orwithout sound and/or dialogue.

(n ) Scenarios (so-called continuities) for motionpictures ;

(0) Works of architecture, models, or designs forarchitectural works ;

(p) Choreographic works and pantomimes, the scenicarrangement or acting form of which is fixed in writingor otherwise;

(q ) Phonographic records, perforated rolls, and othersimilar contrivances, by means of which sounds may bemechanically recorded for purposes other than publicperformance, exhibition, or transmission : Provided, Any-thing to the contrary in this act notwithstanding, thatthe copyright in such phonographic records, rolls, andcontrivances shall consist solely of the exclusive rightto print, reprint, publish, copy, and vend said phono-graph records, rolls, and contrivances, and that any suchcopyright and each and every right thereunder, shall besubject to each and every right of the owner of the copy-right in any existing or previously existing work, writtenon said records, rolls, or other contrivances, at all times,in the absence of express contract to the contrary.


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REPORT OF T HE REGISTER OF COPYRIGHTS 49

thirty clays after the date of publication, of two com-plete copies of the best edition thereof then published,fo r the use of the Lib rar y of Congress. Reg istration fo rsucli work rnay be secured if such copies are accompaniedby the application and remittance prescribed in section36 of this act: Provided, however, That the deposit ofcopies required in this and the following two sectionsshall not be obligntory in case of any work whose authoris a national of a foreign country which is a member ofthe International Copyright Union or any work whichis protected by cop yright in the United States under thisact by reason of first publication in any country which

is a ineniber of th e said union, unless and until such wo rk,if i t be a book, shall hnve been republished in th e UnitedStates under an assignmerlt of the copyright for theUnited States or under a license to print and sell suchbook in the United States.

SEC. 2. T ha t in the case of newspapers or o ther peri-odicals, one copy of each issue shall be deposited withinthirty clays after the clate of publicntion for the use ofthe Library of Congress, which may be registered if ac-companied by a n application and remittance as providedin section 36: Provided, That if several editions of saidnewspapers are published on one day, a deposit of anyone of said editions shall be in compliance with this

section.SEC. 3. Should the copies called for by sections 41an d 42 of this act not be deposited as herein provided , theLibrarian of Congress may a t any t ime after the date ofthe default in depositing the work require the publisherof said work to make such deposit, and after the saiddemand shall have been made, in default of the depositof a copy or copies of the work in the Library of Con-gress within three months from any p art of the UnitedStates, except an outlying Territorial possession ordependency of the United States, or within six monthsfrom any outlying Territorial possession or dependencyof the United States, the publisher of said work shall beliable to a fine of $100 and to pay to the Library ofCongress twice the amount of the retail price of the bestedition of the work, but fnilure to make such depositshall not, in an y way, affect the validity of th e copy rightin th e said work.


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SEC. 7. Subject to thi s act, the Supreme Court of theDistrict of Columbia or a judge thereof, may on theapplication of any person aggrieved, by writ of man-damus upon due cause shown, order tha t any registrationor record made under this act may be canceled, annulled,and expunged or similarly order the correction of anyomission, error , or any defect in any registration or rec-ord or attempted registration or record. An appeal shalllie to the Court of Appeals of the District of Columbiafrom any final order made under this section.

SEC. 48. The register of copyrights shall fully indexall registrations of claims to copyright or rights therein

and all assignments, grants, licenses, mortgages, or otherinstruments recorded, and shall print a t periodic intervalsa catalogue of the names of the authors, where known,and of the titles of works deposited and registered,together with suitable indices, and at stated intervalsshall print complete and indexed catalogues for each classof copyright entries. Both the current catalogues andthe complete and indexed catalogues for each class ofcopyright entries shall be furnished to all persons desir-ing them at reasonable prices.

SEC. 9. The record books of the Copyright Office,together with the indices to such record books, and allworks deposited and retained in the Copyright Ofice,shall be open to public inspection, and copies may betaken of the entries actually made in such record books,subject to such safeguards and regulations as shall beprescribed by the register of copyrights and approved bythe Librarian of Congress.

SEC. 50. That of the articles deposited in the Copy-right Office under the provisions of the previous copy-right laws of the United States or of this act, the Libra-rian of Congress shall determine what books and otherarticles shall be transferred t o the permanent collectionsof tlle Libr ary of Congress, including the law library,and what other books or articles shall be placed in thereserve collections of the Library of Congress for saleor exchange, or be transferred to other governmentallibrar ies in the District of Columbia for use therein.

SEC. 1. That of any article undisposed of as aboveprovided, together with all titles and correspondence re-lating thereto, the Libra rian of Congress and the register


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of copyrights jointly shall, at suitable intervals, deter-mine what of these received c1:lring an y period of yearsit is desirable or uzeful to preserve in the permanent files

of the Copyrig ht Office, and after due notice as herein-after provided, may within their discretion cause theremaining articles and other things to be destroyed:Provide d, Tha t there shall be printe d in the Catalogueof Copyrig ht E ntri es from Jrmuary to November, in-clusive, a statement of the yenr of receipt of such art i-cles and a notice to permit any author. copyright owner,or other lawful claimant to claim and remove beforethe espirn tion of the month of December of th at yearanything found which relates to any of his yroductionsdeposited or registered for copyright within the periodof years not reserved or disposed of as provided f or inthis act: And provided further, That no nlanuscript ofan unpublished work sha ll be destroyed duin g its termof copyright without specific notice to the copyrightowner of record, permit ting him to claim and remove it.

COPYRIGHT OFFICE

SEC. 2. All records and other things relating to copy-rights required by law to be preserved shall be kept andprete

US Copyright Office: ar-1930

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Transcript of US Copyright Office: ar-1930