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Transcript of U.S. Constitution Test Review. Constitution Outline Preamble: Introduction to the...
U.S. ConstitutionTest Review
Constitution Outline Preamble: Introduction to the Constitution-States
the Purpose Article One: Legislative Branch
Purpose: Make LawsAlternate Name: Congress
Article Two: Executive BranchPurpose: Enforce LawsAlternate Name: President
Article Three: Judicial BranchPurpose: Interpret LawsAlternate Name: Supreme Court
Constitution OutlineArticle Four: Relations with StatesArticle Five: Amendment ProcessArticle Six: National SupremacyArticle Seven: Ratification Amendments: Changes/Additions to
the ConstitutionHow Many?: 27First Ten are called: Bill of Rights
Article One-Legislative- Purpose: Make Laws
Purpose: Make LawsStructure: Bicameral
House of Representatives Members: 435 Term: 2 Years Head Title: Speaker of the House Plan: New Jersey Plan Qualifications: 25 years old
-citizen of US for 7 Years
-Live in the State you Represent Special Powers: Propose all money laws
-Impeach a federal official # Per State: Depends on Population
Senate Members: 100
Term: 6 Years
Head Title: President of the Senate * AKA-Vice President Power: Break Ties
2nd Head: President Pro Tempore
# Per State
Plan: Virginia Plan
Qualifications: 30 years old
-citizen of US for 9 years
-Live in state you represent
Special Powers: Approve Federal Appointments
-Ratify Treaties
-Try Impeached Officials
Filibuster: prolonged speech to block legislation
WHAT CAN CONGRESS DO?? FINANCIALLY:
Create and Collect Taxes Borrow Money Regulate Foreign Trade Coin Money
NON-FINANCIALLY: Admit New States Declare War Establish and Army/Navy Necessary and Proper Clause (Elastic Clause)- ability
to make laws necessary to carry out Congress’ duties (EX. NASA)
ARTICLE TWO: EXECUTIVE BRANCHPurpose: Enforce LawsTitle of the Chief Executive: President
of the United StatesTerm: 4 YearsTerm Limit: 2 TermsElected by the Electoral College/ By
Majority VoteMust take an oath before taking office
ARTICLE TWO: EXECUTIVE BRANCH Qualifications: At Least 35 years old A natural-born citizen of the US A resident of the US for at least 14 years Alternate Titles: chief of state, (2) chief
executive, (3) chief administrator, (4) chief diplomat, (5) commander in chief, (6) chief legislator, (7) party chief, and (8) chief citizen.
Powers: Command of military, Pardons, Treaties, Appointments
ARTICLE TWO: EXECUTIVE BRANCH Line of Succession:
1. Vice President
2. Speaker of the House
3. President pro tempore of the Senate
4. Secretary of State
Legislative Duty of the Vice President: Vote to Break Ties in the Senate
ARTICLE THREE: JUDICIAL BRANCH Purpose: Interpret Laws Highest Court: Supreme Court # of Members: 9 Term of Office: Life or Good Behavior Name of Judges on Supreme Court: Justice Head of Judicial Branch: Chief Justice Qualifications to be Judge or Justice: NO
QUALIFICATIONS SPECIFIED IN CONSTITUTION
ARTICLE THREE: JUDICIAL BRANCH How can they be removed: By an impeachment trial
Creation of Lower Courts: Established by Congress
Hierarchy of Courts-
1. Supreme Court
2. Appellate Court (Appeals)
3. District Court
Types of Federal Cases:
1. Constitution Case
2. Violation of Federal Law
3. Between States
4. Parties from Different States
5. Suing Federal Government
6. Suing a Foreign Government
ARTICLE THREE: JUDICIAL BRANCH Original Jurisdiction: power to hear a case
for 1st time Appellate Jurisdiction: power to review a
lower courts decision Treason: Crime of betraying one’s country Judicial Review: power to review if a law or
gov. action is constitutional Court Case that Established Judicial
Review: Marbury v. Madison
BILL OF RIGHTS- 1ST AMENDMENT
1. Freedom of Speech
2. Freedom of Religion
3. Freedom of the Press
4. Freedom of Assembly
5. Freedom of Petition
BILL OF RIGHTS
2nd Amendment: Right to Bear Arms
3rd Amendment: No Quartering Troops
4th Amendment
1. NO Illegal Search and Seizure
2. Must show probable cause
BILL OF RIGHTS- 5th AMENDMENT
1. No Double Jeopardy
2. No self-incrimination (I plead the 5th!)
3. Due Process
4. Right to Grand Jury Screening
5. Compensation for Eminent Domain
BILL OF RIGHTS- 6th AMENDMENT
1. Speedy and Public Trial2. Trial by Impartial Jury3. To be informed of charges4. To confront witnesses5. Right to an attorney
BILL OF RIGHTS7TH Amendment: Right to a jury trial in
federal civil cases8th Amendment:
1. No excessive bail
2. No cruel and unusual punishment9th Amendment: Protects rights not
explicitly stated in the Constitution10th Amendment: Powers not given to
the US are reserved to the States
Other Amendments 11th: States immune from out of state
lawsuits 12th: Revises Presidential Election Process 13th: Abolishes Slavery 14th: Defines Citizenship (Former Slaves
given rights of citizens) 15th: Right to Vote for Slaves 16th: Income Tax 17th: Senators Elected by popular vote 18th: Prohibit the manufacturing or sale of
alcohol
Other Amendments 19th: Women gain right to vote 20th: Changes Term Start Dates for President and
Congress 21st: Repeals 18th Amendment (Alcohol Legal Again) 22nd: Presidential Term Limits 23rd: Washington D.C. gains electoral college votes 24th: Prohibits Poll Tax 25th: Presidential Succession 26th: 18 year olds gain right to vote 27th: Congressional Salary Delay
Other Concepts covered in Test
Checks and Balances The System of
safeguards in the Constitution that prevents one branch of gov. from becoming stronger than the others
Bill of Rights The first ten
amendments added to protect people from the federal government
Other Concepts covered in Test
Expressed Powers Those powers explicitly
written in the Constitution
Reserved Powers Powers left to the
states
Other Concepts covered in Test
Veto When the president
refuses to sign a bill into a law
Impeachment The process of trying a
federal official with the intent to remove them from office