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US Army Corps of Engineers
BUILDING STRONG®
America’s Water Resources Infrastructure: A View to the Future
Presentation toNational Waterways Conference
Steven L. Stockton, P.E.Director of Civil Works
U.S. Army Corps of Engineers
24 September 2009
Building Strong
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BUILDING STRONG® 2
Water Resources ChallengesDemographic shifts• World population to increase 2.2 billion by 2025• U.S. population to reach 440 million by 2050• Population more urbanized, concentrated in
coastal communities at risk from severe weather and lack of fresh water
Persistent Conflict• Population growth leads to increased demand
for scarce water, environmental degradation•>900 million people without access to clean water•>2.5 billion without adequate sanitation
• Terrorist threat – need to protect infrastructure from attack
• U.S. role to promote regional stability
County Growth, 2000-05
Areas with significant water issues
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BUILDING STRONG® 3
Water Resources ChallengesAging Infrastructure• ASCE overall grade of U.S. infrastructure in
2009:“D” Would need $2.2 trillion to fix• Over half of Corps locks, many other
facilities, beyond 50-year “design life, need extensive maintenance & rehabilitation
• Failure poses risk to populations, economy
Globalization• Foreign trade is increasing share of U.S.
economy – could reach 30% by 2010• Inability of ports and inland waterways to
handle greater cargoes could limit economy.
Energy• Development of hydropower as clean source• Role of waterways in transport of coal,
petroleum and natural gas• Volumes of water needed for new sources
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BUILDING STRONG® 4
Water Resources ChallengesEnvironmental Values• Pressure from increased development
impacts natural environment• Developing sustainable water resources
will require cultural shift, lifestyle changes as well as technical innovation
Climate Change• Earlier spring snowmelts, river pulses
seen in western U.S.• Potential to affect all aspects of water
resource management• May exacerbate water scarcities,
lead to increased conflict over uses.
Declining Biodiversity• 3 times as many freshwater species as
land species lost to extinction• Need for habitat restoration
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BUILDING STRONG® 5
IncreasingDemand forWater
Water Resources Challenges
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BUILDING STRONG® 6
Water Resources ChallengesGovernance• Determining proper roles for Federal,
State, local and non-government entities• Gaps in jurisdiction as watersheds
cross political boundaries• Perceived lack of national direction on
water resource issues
Continued Pressure on Federal Budget
• More older people = more entitlement spending, less available for discretionary programs
• Rigorous analysis needed to ensure projects and programs are prioritized to ensure greatest value for taxpayer funds
Legislative Changes• Changes in legislation and appropriations have major effect on how soon
goals can be achieved. Uncertainty requires flexibility.
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BUILDING STRONG® 7
Current Initiatives
• Strategic Plan (2010-2014)– Goal: Delivery of innovative & sustainable solutions
to Nation’s water resources challenges– 4 goals & 6 cross-cutting themes
• FY11 Budget Initiatives– Key Theme – Integrated Water Resources
Management– Improve efficiency & effectiveness of CW Program– Alternative financing initiatives– Both completion of projects & new starts– More to follow from Gary Loew
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BUILDING STRONG® 8
Delivering Enduring, Essential Water Resources SolutionsDelivering Enduring, Essential Water Resources Solutions
Safe, Resilient Communities & Infrastructure
Sustaining a Competent TeamEffective, Reliable, Adaptive Life-Cycle Project Performance
Sustainable Water Resources, Marine Transportation Systems & Healthy Aquatic Ecosystems
Our Goals:
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BUILDING STRONG® 9
How We Achieve Our GoalsIntegrated Water Resource
Management• Systems Approach• Collaboration &
Partnering• Risk-Informed Decision
Making & Communication• Adaptive Management• State-of-the Art
Technology
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BUILDING STRONG® 10
Systems Approach• Look at river basins,
watersheds and coastal zones as a whole
• Shift focus from individual projects to interdependent system
• Shift from immediate to long-term solutions
• Recognize that any single action triggers one or more responses and reactions in other parts of the system
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BUILDING STRONG® 11
Collaboration & Partnering• Allow multiple organizations
to contribute to problem-solving• Leverage funding, data and talent
– Efficiencies, given scarce resources
– Sophisticated state and interstate organizations
– Tribes, local governments, non-governmental organizations
– Public-Private Partnerships
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BUILDING STRONG® 12
Risk-Informed Decision Making& Communication
• Consequence analysis, especially risks to populations
• Forestall possible failure mechanisms
• Quantify & communicate residual risk
• Ask which projects will fail to perform as designed, the likelihood of failure, and the consequences
• Recognize limits in disaster prediction• Recognize limits in protection provided by
structural means
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BUILDING STRONG® 13
Adaptive Management• Principle commonly
used in ecosystem restoration
• Measure responses to interventions within systems to adjust planning, construction and operations in response to changing conditions.
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BUILDING STRONG® 14
State-of-the Art Technology• Research that improves
resiliency of structures
• Updated design criteria
• Improved approaches toplanning & design
• Take advantage of advances in communication, information access, remote sensing, GIS’s & nanotechnology
• Coastal & River Information System
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BUILDING STRONG® 15
“Building Strong Relationships for a Sustainable Water Resources Future”:
Project Goals• Present critical national and regional water resources needs
• Present opportunities for improving efficiency and effectiveness of Federal water programs
• Raise awareness within the Administration of water resources challenges and opportunities
• Assess the need for a National Water Vision
• Recommend strategies for action
• Move the Nation toward Integrated Water Resources Management (IWRM).
• Highlight tools that are in, or could be included in, a Federal Support Toolbox to assist States in IWRM
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BUILDING STRONG® 16
Future Initiatives• Water Resources Development Act (WRDA) 2010?
– Focus: Legislative actions to simplify the CW project delivery process.
– Goal: Creation of a process that retains the robustness of the current Civil Works delivery model and removes the unnecessary complications (time and expense) of today’s process
– End Product: A predictable and manageable Civil Works program that is NOT simply a collection of federal projects
– Some Other Initial Ideas include: Levee Safety Act, Feasibility Cost-Sharing (Revisited), Alternative Financing
– Status: soliciting ideas from the field and stakeholders
• Need your support on all Current and Future Initiatives!
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BUILDING STRONG® 17
US Army Corps of Engineers
BUILDING STRONG®
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BUILDING STRONG® 18
The Way Ahead• Prepare a National Report for Administration and Congress’ action—Prepare a National Report for Administration and Congress’ action—
Jan 2010Jan 2010• Recommendations and actions for implementationRecommendations and actions for implementation
• Move Nation toward IWRM--A planning and management approach to solve Move Nation toward IWRM--A planning and management approach to solve water problemswater problems
• Develop a national water vision and supporting policies and strategiesDevelop a national water vision and supporting policies and strategies
• Improve data exchange and technology transfer across the Nation in support Improve data exchange and technology transfer across the Nation in support of IWRM of IWRM • Develop the Federal support toolbox (IWRSS as possible prototype)Develop the Federal support toolbox (IWRSS as possible prototype)
• Enhance water resources leadership and education Enhance water resources leadership and education
• Build a robust collaborative support systemBuild a robust collaborative support system
• Assemble national and regional teams to work on implementing actions Assemble national and regional teams to work on implementing actions
• Foster a holistic approach to Water Resources challengesFoster a holistic approach to Water Resources challenges
• Develop new infrastructure investment strategiesDevelop new infrastructure investment strategies
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BUILDING STRONG® 19
19
A Federal Family Toolbox
• Develop the Nation’s “will” to offer the States a more robust assistance through collaborative alliances and relationships
• Work with States for more integrated and balanced water plans
• Unify visions for Administration and Congress to determine that water resources planning and infrastructure are national priorities
• Leverage existing toolbox of current resources across Federal agencies
• Enhance the Federal family toolbox with regional interstate organizations, NGOs and other Federal agencies
Water
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BUILDING STRONG® 20
• Accomplish USACE missions
• Support FEMA*Emergency Support Function (ESF) #3 Public Works & Engineering• Support the Department of Defense
Disaster Preparedness & Response
Water Resources ChallengesWater Resources Challenges
Faster & Better Information & Communication Technology
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BUILDING STRONG® 21
• Sustainable resourcesSustainable resources– EcologicalEcological– FinancialFinancial– Political SupportPolitical Support
• AssistanceAssistance inin planning aplanning acomprehensive and long-termcomprehensive and long-term
water futurewater future• Reliable water supply for growthReliable water supply for growth
and developmentand development• Protection of critical water infrastructureProtection of critical water infrastructure• Ability to depend on Federal disaster Ability to depend on Federal disaster
assistanceassistance
• Sustainable resourcesSustainable resources– EcologicalEcological– FinancialFinancial– Political SupportPolitical Support
• AssistanceAssistance inin planning aplanning acomprehensive and long-termcomprehensive and long-term
water futurewater future• Reliable water supply for growthReliable water supply for growth
and developmentand development• Protection of critical water infrastructureProtection of critical water infrastructure• Ability to depend on Federal disaster Ability to depend on Federal disaster
assistanceassistanceIWRM
States, Tribes, and Localities States, Tribes, and Localities Say They Need:Say They Need:
Collaborative PartnershipsCollaborative PartnershipsCollaborative PartnershipsCollaborative Partnerships
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BUILDING STRONG® 22
• Water conflicts will persist• Responsibility will continue to be
shared• Improved intergovernmental
cooperation is essential• Improved water resources planning
is critical• States must do the lion’s share of
water resources planning• There is a Federal interest in
supporting state water resourcesplanning
• The Corps will benefit from supporting water resources planning
• The Corps and Interstate entities can support state water resources planning with states in the lead
Operating PremisesOperating Premises
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BUILDING STRONG® 23
Examples of Collaborative Partnerships
• “Building Strong Relationships for a Sustainable Water
Resources Future” Project• Climate change initiative• Risk management• Shared Vision Planning• Regulatory streamlining - EPA• Focus collaboration efforts – NRCS• GIS Management decision tool
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BUILDING STRONG® 24
New ThinkingFocusFocus FromFrom ToTo
• SUCCESS =SUCCESS =• CRITERIACRITERIA
• WORKWORK
• KNOWLEDGEKNOWLEDGE
• STYLESTYLE
• MONEYMONEY
• LIFE CYCLELIFE CYCLE
• ProjectsProjects• NED benefits 1stNED benefits 1st
• Stay in your functional Stay in your functional lanelane
• Knowledge is powerKnowledge is power
• Follow SOPs as Follow SOPs as recipesrecipes
• Save Federal $Save Federal $• Plan and buildPlan and build
• Comprehensive PlansComprehensive Plans• More balanced NED, RED, More balanced NED, RED,
EQ, OSE benefitsEQ, OSE benefits• Seek horizontal integrationSeek horizontal integration
• Share knowledgeShare knowledge
• Think creatively, consider Think creatively, consider risks, think systemsrisks, think systems
• Leverage resourcesLeverage resources
• Plan, fund, monitor for full Plan, fund, monitor for full project life cycleproject life cycle
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BUILDING STRONG® 25
• Stronger partnerships for Stronger partnerships for collaborative problem solvingcollaborative problem solving
• A comprehensive strategy to A comprehensive strategy to inform and educate inform and educate
• Smarter regional planningSmarter regional planning• Advocacy for critical national Advocacy for critical national
water needs water needs • Joint efforts/resources to Joint efforts/resources to
achieve common goalsachieve common goals• Life-cycle approach from holistic Life-cycle approach from holistic
assessment through O&Massessment through O&M• Risk-based managementRisk-based management• Resilient water infrastructureResilient water infrastructure
A Picture of the Future ….A Picture of the Future ….
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BUILDING STRONG® 26
• What can we do now, within exiting authorities, to foster Integrated Water Recourses (IWRM) Management?
• What are the products of such planning? How they compare with how we define success?
• What is the Federal role in watershed-system planning an approach under IWRM?
• How can we incentivize this approach (look at cost-sharing formulas)?
Something to Think AboutSomething to Think About
• What can we do with cost-sharing to promote greater interest in watershed plans among authorizers?
• What case studies do we have to show value to the nation from this approach and what models should we promote?
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BUILDING STRONG® 27
Supporting Our Water Future:What Has Been Done?• Reviewed and summarized 50 States’ and 6 River Basin
Commissions’ water plans
– Summary Reports for each State’s water plans
– Conducted interviews with State officials
– 3 Regional Reports highlighting trends, themes, needs, and challenges---under review and validation
• Reviewed and summarized major water management programs of Federal agencies
– Summary Report of authorities, focus areas, programmatic initiatives, collaboration/partnerships, of Federal agencies
– Began development of Federal Toolbox