ure lt u C y t Language Common LanguageCommon Public ... · kl og wor k- owns, etc. • ... safety...
53
N l Sft C lt Nuclear Saf ety Culture Common Language Common Language 3 rd Public Workshop November 15-16, 2012 November 15 16, 2012
Transcript of ure lt u C y t Language Common LanguageCommon Public ... · kl og wor k- owns, etc. • ... safety...
Nl
Sf
tC
ltN
ucle
ar S
afet
y Cu
ltur
e Co
mm
onLa
ngua
geCo
mm
on L
angu
age
3rdPu
blic
Wor
ksho
p
Nov
embe
r15
-16,
2012
Nov
embe
r 15
16, 2
012
Wor
ksho
pPu
rpos
eW
orks
hop
Purp
ose
•Co
ntin
ueto
refin
eth
esa
fety
cultu
reco
mm
onCo
ntin
ue to
refin
e th
e sa
fety
cul
ture
com
mon
la
ngua
ge fo
r po
wer
reac
tors
by
revi
ewin
g an
d ag
reei
ngon
exam
ples
for
each
safe
tycu
lture
agre
eing
on
exam
ples
for
each
saf
ety
cultu
re
attr
ibut
e.–
Do
the
exam
ples
clea
rly
desc
ribe
the
attr
ibut
e?–
Do
the
exam
ples
cle
arly
des
crib
e th
e at
trib
ute?
–D
o th
e ex
ampl
es m
inim
ize
over
lap
betw
een
attr
ibut
es?
attr
ibut
es?
2
Nuc
lear
Saf
ety
Cult
ure
Com
mon
Lan
guag
e•
LA.1
Res
ourc
es
ld•
PI.1
Iden
tific
atio
nl
•PA
.1 S
tand
ards
bh
•LA
.2 F
ield
Pre
senc
e•
LA.3
Ince
ntiv
es, S
anct
ions
& R
ewar
ds•
LA.4
Str
ateg
ic C
omm
itmen
t to
Safe
ty•
LA.5
Cha
nge
Man
agem
ent
•LA
.6 R
oles
, Res
pons
ibili
ties
& A
utho
ritie
s•
LA.7
Con
stan
t Exa
min
atio
n
•PI
.2 E
valu
atio
n•
PI.3
Res
olut
ion
•PI
.4 T
rend
ing
•PA
.2 Jo
b O
wne
rshi
p•
PA.3
Tea
mw
ork
•LA
.8 L
eade
r Beh
avio
rs
Lead
ersh
ip S
afet
y Va
lues
& A
ctio
nsPr
oble
m Id
enti
ficat
ion
& R
esol
utio
nPe
rson
al
Acc
ount
abili
ty
•W
P.1
Wor
k M
anag
emen
t•
WP.
2 D
esig
n M
argi
ns•
WP.
3 D
ocum
enta
tion
•W
P.4
Proc
edur
e A
dher
ence
•CL
.1 O
pera
ting
Expe
rien
ce•
CL.2
Sel
f Ass
essm
ent
•CL
.3 B
ench
mar
king
•CL
.4 T
rain
ing
•RC
.1 S
CWE
Polic
y•
RC.2
Alte
rnat
ive
Proc
ess
for
Rais
ing
Conc
erns
•SC
.1 W
ork
Proc
ess
Com
mun
icat
ions
•SC
.2 B
asis
for
Dec
isio
ns•
SC.3
Fre
e Fl
ow o
f Inf
orm
atio
n•
SC.4
Exp
ecta
tions
Wor
k Pr
oces
ses
Cont
inuo
us
Lear
ning
Envi
ronm
ent
for
Rais
ing
Conc
erns
Effe
ctiv
e Sa
fety
Co
mm
unic
atio
n
•W
E.1
Resp
ect i
s Ev
iden
t•
WE.
2 O
pini
ons
are
Valu
ed•
WE.
3 H
igh
Leve
l of T
rust
•W
E.4
Conf
lict R
esol
utio
n
•Q
A.1
Nuc
lear
is R
ecog
nize
d as
Sp
ecia
l and
Uni
que
•Q
A.2
Cha
lleng
e th
e U
nkno
wn
•Q
A.3
Cha
lleng
e A
ssum
ptio
ns•
QA
.4 A
void
Com
plac
ency
•D
M.1
Con
sist
ent P
roce
ss•
DM
.2 C
onse
rvat
ive
Bias
•D
M.3
Acc
ount
abili
ty fo
r D
ecis
ions
Resp
ectf
ul W
ork
Envi
ronm
ent
Que
stio
ning
A
ttit
ude
Dec
isio
n M
akin
g3
Lead
ers
dem
onst
rate
aco
mm
itm
entt
osa
fety
inth
eir
Lead
ersh
ip S
afet
y Va
lues
and
Act
ions
(LA
)
Lead
ers
dem
onst
rate
a c
omm
itm
ent t
o sa
fety
in th
eir
deci
sion
s an
d be
havi
ors.
•LA
.1 R
esou
rces
•
LA.2
Fie
ld P
rese
nce
•LA
.3 In
cent
ives
, San
ctio
ns &
Rew
ards
•LA
.4 S
trat
egic
Com
mitm
ent t
o Sa
fety
•LA
.5 C
hang
e M
anag
emen
tLA
6R
lR
ibili
i&
Ah
ii•
LA.6
Rol
es, R
espo
nsib
ilitie
s &
Aut
hori
ties
•LA
.7 C
onst
ant E
xam
inat
ion
•LA
.8 L
eade
r Be
havi
ors
Lead
ersh
ip S
afet
y Va
lues
&
Act
ions
4
LA.1
Reso
urce
s: L
eade
rs e
nsur
e th
at p
erso
nnel
, equ
ipm
ent,
pro
cedu
res,
and
Lead
ersh
ip S
afet
y Va
lues
and
Act
ions
(LA
)
p,
qp
,p,
othe
r re
sour
ces
are
avai
labl
e an
d ad
equa
te to
sup
port
nuc
lear
saf
ety.
Prop
osed
Exa
mpl
es
•M
anag
emen
tmai
ntai
nssu
ffic
ient
staf
fing
leve
lsto
ensu
rew
ork
ispe
rfor
med
safe
ly.
Man
agem
ent m
aint
ains
suf
ficie
nt s
taff
ing
leve
ls to
ens
ure
wor
k is
per
form
ed s
afel
y.
•Th
ere
are
suff
icie
nt q
ualif
ied
pers
onne
l to
mai
ntai
n w
ork
hour
s w
ithin
wor
king
hou
r gu
idel
ines
.
•Fa
cilit
ies
are
avai
labl
e an
d re
gula
rly
mai
ntai
ned,
incl
udin
g ph
ysic
al im
prov
emen
ts, s
imul
ator
fid
litd
fili
tifid
elity
and
em
erge
ncy
faci
litie
s.
•To
ols,
equ
ipm
ent,
and
reso
urce
mat
eria
ls a
re a
vaila
ble
to s
uppo
rt s
ucce
ssfu
l wor
k pe
rfor
man
ce, i
nclu
ding
risk
man
agem
ent t
ools
and
em
erge
ncy
equi
pmen
t.
•Ex
ecut
ives
and
sen
ior
man
ager
s en
sure
suf
ficie
nt c
orpo
rate
reso
urce
s ar
e al
loca
ted
to th
e nu
clea
r org
aniz
atio
n fo
r sh
ort-
and
long
-ter
m s
afe
and
relia
ble
oper
atio
n.
•Ex
ecut
ives
and
sen
ior
man
ager
s en
sure
a ri
goro
us e
valu
atio
n of
the
nucl
ear s
afet
y im
plic
atio
ns o
f non
-app
rove
d bu
dget
item
s.
•Ex
ecut
ives
and
seni
orm
anag
ers
clea
rly
expl
ain
and
com
mun
icat
eth
enu
clea
rsaf
ety
•Ex
ecut
ives
and
sen
ior
man
ager
s cl
earl
y ex
plai
n an
d co
mm
unic
ate
the
nucl
ear s
afet
y im
plic
atio
ns o
f res
ourc
e al
loca
tion
deci
sion
s.
•M
anag
ers
pers
onal
ly u
nder
stan
d th
e sa
fety
sig
nific
ance
of i
nitia
tives
and
pro
ject
s th
at a
re
unde
r rev
iew
for
reso
urce
allo
catio
n an
d bu
dget
dec
isio
ns.
5
LA.2
Fiel
d Pr
esen
ce: L
eade
rs a
re c
omm
only
see
n in
wor
king
are
as o
f the
Lead
ersh
ip S
afet
y Va
lues
and
Act
ions
(LA
)
plan
t obs
ervi
ng, c
oach
ing,
and
rein
forc
ing
stan
dard
s an
d ex
pect
atio
ns.
Dev
iati
ons
from
sta
ndar
ds a
nd e
xpec
tati
ons
are
corr
ecte
d pr
ompt
ly.
Prop
osed
Exam
ples
Prop
osed
Exa
mpl
es
•M
anag
emen
t ens
ures
sup
ervi
sory
and
man
agem
ent o
vers
ight
of w
ork
activ
ities
, inc
ludi
ng
cont
ract
ors,
suc
h th
at n
ucle
ar s
afet
y is
sup
port
ed.
•M
anag
emen
t ove
rsig
ht o
f wor
k ac
tiviti
es in
clud
es le
ader
s fr
om a
ll le
vels
in th
e or
gani
zatio
n.
•M
anag
emen
t rei
nfor
ces
stro
ng n
ucle
ar s
afet
y in
the
field
.
•M
anag
ers
and
supe
rvis
ors
prac
tice
visi
ble
lead
ersh
ip in
the
field
and
dur
ing
safe
ty s
igni
fican
t ev
olut
ions
by
plac
ing
“eye
s on
the
prob
lem
,” c
oach
ing,
men
tori
ng, r
einf
orci
ng s
tand
ards
and
re
info
rcin
g po
sitiv
e de
cisi
on m
akin
g pr
actic
es a
nd b
ehav
iors
.g
pg
p
•W
hen
supe
rvis
ors
and
man
ager
s ar
e “i
n th
e fie
ld,”
they
per
form
qua
lity
obse
rvat
ions
.
•M
anag
ers
and
supe
rvis
ors
disc
uss
thei
r ob
serv
atio
ns in
det
ail w
ith th
e gr
oup
they
obs
erve
d on
com
plet
ion
of a
n ob
serv
atio
n.
Si
did
flf
dbk
bth
ti
idi
idl
•Su
perv
isor
s an
d m
anag
ers
prov
ide
usef
ul fe
edba
ck a
bout
how
to im
prov
e in
divi
dual
pe
rfor
man
ce.
•Su
perv
isor
s vi
sit j
ob s
ites
to v
alid
ate
that
sta
ndar
ds a
nd e
xpec
tatio
ns a
re b
eing
follo
wed
.
6
LA.3
Ince
ntiv
es, S
anct
ions
and
Rew
ards
:Lea
ders
ens
ure
ince
ntiv
es,
Lead
ersh
ip S
afet
y Va
lues
and
Act
ions
(LA
)
sanc
tion
s, a
nd re
war
ds a
re a
ligne
d w
ith
nucl
ear
safe
ty p
olic
ies
and
rein
forc
e be
havi
ors
and
outc
omes
whi
ch re
flect
saf
ety
as t
he o
verr
idin
g pr
iori
ty.
Prop
osed
Exam
ples
Prop
osed
Exa
mpl
es
•Th
e le
ader
ship
ens
ures
that
rew
ards
/san
ctio
ns a
re a
ligne
d w
ith n
ucle
ar s
afet
y po
licie
s an
d de
sire
d be
havi
ors.
•Th
e sy
stem
of r
ewar
ds a
nd re
cogn
ition
is a
ligne
d w
ith s
tron
g nu
clea
r saf
ety
beha
vior
s an
d ou
tcom
es.
•M
anag
emen
t und
erst
ands
the
impa
cts
of b
oth
disc
iplin
ary
actio
ns a
nd n
ot h
oldi
ng p
eopl
e ac
coun
tabl
e.
•M
ana g
emen
t con
side
rs th
e po
tent
ial c
hilli
ng e
ffect
s of
dis
cipl
inar
y ac
tions
and
oth
er
gp
gp
ypo
tent
ially
adv
erse
per
sonn
el a
ctio
ns a
nd ta
ke c
ompe
nsat
ory
actio
ns w
hen
appr
opri
ate.
•Ex
ecut
ives
and
sen
ior
man
ager
s re
war
d in
divi
dual
s w
ho re
port
nuc
lear
saf
ety
conc
erns
. Pu
blic
ly re
cogn
ize
beha
vior
s at
all
leve
ls th
at e
xhib
it a
stro
ng s
afet
y cu
lture
.
•M
anag
ers
rew
ard
indi
vidu
als
who
repo
rtsa
fety
conc
erns
orst
opop
erat
ions
for
safe
ty•
Man
ager
s re
war
d in
divi
dual
s w
ho re
port
saf
ety
conc
erns
or
stop
ope
ratio
ns fo
r sa
fety
re
ason
s.
•Su
perv
isor
s pu
blic
ly p
rais
e be
havi
ors
of d
irect
repo
rts
that
refle
ct a
str
ong
safe
ty c
ultu
re, a
nd
rew
ard
indi
vidu
als
who
repo
rt s
afet
y co
ncer
ns o
r st
op o
pera
tions
for
safe
ty re
ason
s.
7
LA.4
Stra
tegi
c Co
mm
itm
ent t
o Sa
fety
: Lea
ders
ens
ure
plan
t pri
orit
ies
are
Lead
ersh
ip S
afet
y Va
lues
and
Act
ions
(LA
)
alig
ned
to re
flect
nuc
lear
saf
ety
as t
he o
verr
idin
g pr
iori
ty.
Prop
osed
Exa
mpl
es
•M
anag
emen
tdev
elop
san
dim
plem
ents
prod
uctio
nco
stan
dsc
hedu
lego
als
ina
man
ner
•M
anag
emen
t dev
elop
s an
d im
plem
ents
pro
duct
ion,
cos
t, a
nd s
ched
ule
goal
s in
a m
anne
r th
at re
info
rces
the
impo
rtan
ce o
f nuc
lear
saf
ety.
•Pr
oduc
tion
requ
irem
ents
are
est
ablis
hed,
com
mun
icat
ed a
nd p
ut in
to p
ract
ice
in a
man
ner
that
rein
forc
es n
ucle
ar s
afet
y.
•Th
e st
atio
n ca
n be
cha
ract
eriz
ed a
s on
e w
here
: “th
e lin
e or
gani
zatio
n is
the
prim
ary
sour
ce o
f in
form
atio
n an
d on
ly s
ourc
e of
dire
ctio
n an
d no
n-lin
e gr
oups
are
not
allo
wed
to d
ilute
or
unde
rmin
e lin
e au
thor
ity a
nd a
ccou
ntab
ility
.”
•Bo
ard
mem
bers
and
cor
pora
te o
ffic
ers
take
ste
ps to
rein
forc
e nu
clea
r saf
ety.
pp
y
•Se
nior
man
agem
ent a
nd b
oard
mem
bers
are
regu
larl
y br
iefe
d by
ove
rsig
ht to
gai
n an
un
ders
tand
ing
of s
tatio
n sa
fety
per
form
ance
as
wel
l as
an u
nder
stan
ding
of r
egul
ator
y re
latio
nshi
ps fo
cuse
d on
lice
nsee
saf
ety.
•Th
epr
iori
tyof
nucl
ears
afet
yov
erpr
oduc
tion
isre
flect
edin
the
stra
tegi
can
dbu
sine
sspl
an•
The
prio
rity
of n
ucle
ar s
afet
y ov
er p
rodu
ctio
n is
refle
cted
in th
e st
rate
gic
and
busi
ness
pla
n so
that
all
leve
ls o
f man
agem
ent a
re c
omm
itted
and
com
mun
icat
e th
e im
port
ance
of n
ucle
ar
safe
ty.
•Se
nior
Man
ager
s an
d ot
her
lead
ers
publ
ical
ly li
nk n
ucle
ar s
afet
y to
str
ateg
ic is
sues
like
b
dkf
li
ili
bili
bkl
kd
budg
et, w
orkf
orce
pla
nnin
g, e
quip
men
t rel
iabi
lity,
bac
klog
wor
k-do
wns
, etc
.
•Ex
ecut
ives
and
sen
ior
man
ager
s re
info
rce
nucl
ear s
afet
y as
the
over
ridi
ng p
rior
ity.
8
LA.5
Chan
ge M
anag
emen
t: L
eade
rs u
se a
sys
tem
atic
pro
cess
for
eval
uati
ng
Lead
ersh
ip S
afet
y Va
lues
and
Act
ions
(LA
)
and
impl
emen
ting
cha
nge
so th
at n
ucle
ar s
afet
y re
mai
ns t
he o
verr
idin
g pr
iori
ty.
Prop
osed
Exa
mpl
es•
Man
agem
ent u
ses
a sy
stem
atic
pro
cess
for p
lann
ing,
coo
rdin
atin
g, a
nd e
valu
atin
g th
e sa
fety
impa
cts
and
pote
ntia
l chi
lling
eff
ects
of d
ecis
ions
rel
ated
to m
ajor
cha
nges
in o
rgan
izat
iona
l str
uctu
re a
nd fu
nctio
ns,
lead
ersh
ip, p
olic
ies,
pro
gram
s, p
roce
dure
s, a
nd r
esou
rces
(e.g
., re
duct
ions
, out
sour
cing
, and
re
orga
niza
tion)
.
•A
form
alch
ange
man
agem
ent
plan
isre
gula
rly
used
toef
fect
ivel
yim
plem
ent
maj
orch
ange
s•
A fo
rmal
cha
nge
man
agem
ent
plan
is re
gula
rly
used
to e
ffec
tivel
y im
plem
ent
maj
or c
hang
es.
•Th
e ch
ange
man
agem
ent
proc
ess
mai
ntai
ns a
cle
ar fo
cus
on th
e sa
fety
impl
icat
ions
of t
he p
rosp
ectiv
e ch
ange
s.
•Th
e ch
ange
man
agem
ent p
roce
ss is
str
ong
enou
gh t
hat
sign
ifica
nt u
nint
ende
d co
nseq
uenc
es a
re ra
rely
se
en.
seen
.
•O
nce
the
chan
ge m
anag
emen
t pr
oces
s is
und
erw
ay, t
here
are
freq
uent
per
sona
l com
mun
icat
ions
from
m
anag
emen
t so
that
wor
ker
ques
tions
rec
eive
an
expl
anat
ion
and
answ
er.
•Em
ploy
ees
at a
ll le
vels
are
trai
ned
on th
e im
port
ance
and
use
of t
he c
hang
e m
anag
emen
t pr
oces
s of
the
plan
t.p
•Th
e ef
fect
s of
impe
ndin
g or
gani
zatio
nal c
hang
es a
re a
ntic
ipat
ed, m
anag
ed, a
nd c
omm
unic
ated
suc
h th
at
trus
t is
mai
ntai
ned.
•Ex
ecut
ives
and
sen
ior
man
ager
s en
sure
con
side
ratio
n of
nuc
lear
saf
ety
and
oper
atio
nal f
ocus
dur
ing
plan
ning
and
exe
cutio
n of
maj
or c
hang
es.
•M
anag
ers
and
supe
rvis
ors
activ
ely
mon
itor
for p
oten
tial d
istr
actio
ns t
hat
adve
rsel
y af
fect
nuc
lear
saf
ety
and
oper
atio
nal f
ocus
dur
ing
peri
ods
of m
ajor
cha
nge.
9
LA.6
Role
s, R
espo
nsib
iliti
es, a
nd A
utho
riti
es: L
eade
rs c
lear
ly d
efin
e ro
les,
Lead
ersh
ip S
afet
y Va
lues
and
Act
ions
(LA
)
resp
onsi
bilit
ies,
and
aut
hori
ties
to e
nsur
e nu
clea
r sa
fety
.
Prop
osed
Exa
mpl
es
•Le
ader
sen
sure
role
sre
spon
sibi
litie
san
dau
thor
ities
are
unde
rsto
od•
Lead
ers
ensu
re ro
les,
resp
onsi
bilit
ies,
and
aut
hori
ties
are
unde
rsto
od.
•N
ucle
ar s
afet
y po
sitio
ns h
ave
clea
rly
defin
ed ro
les
and
resp
onsi
bilit
ies.
•Ro
les
and
resp
onsi
bilit
ies
are
appr
opri
atel
y do
cum
ente
d.
•M
ana g
emen
t app
ropr
iate
ly d
eleg
ates
resp
onsi
bilit
y an
d au
thor
ity to
pro
mot
e ow
ners
hip
and
gpp
py
gp
yy
pp
acco
unta
bilit
y.
•Ex
ecut
ives
and
sen
ior
man
ager
s fa
cilit
ate
rela
tions
hips
bet
wee
n co
rpor
ate
man
ager
s w
ho
supp
ort t
he n
ucle
ar o
rgan
izat
ion
and
nucl
ear l
ine
man
ager
s, a
nd e
duca
te c
orpo
rate
m
anag
ers
onth
eir
orga
niza
tion’
ssu
ppor
tofn
ucle
arsa
fety
man
ager
s on
thei
r or
gani
zatio
ns
supp
ort o
f nuc
lear
saf
ety.
10
LA.7
Cons
tant
Exa
min
atio
n: L
eade
rs e
nsur
e th
at n
ucle
ar s
afet
y is
con
stan
tly
f
Lead
ersh
ip S
afet
y Va
lues
and
Act
ions
(LA
)
scru
tini
zed
thro
ugh
a va
riet
y of
mon
itor
ing
tech
niqu
es, i
nclu
ding
as
sess
men
ts o
f nuc
lear
saf
ety
cult
ure.
Prop
osed
Exa
mpl
es
•Ex
ecut
ives
and
seni
orm
anag
ers
crea
teop
port
uniti
esfo
rse
nior
corp
orat
eex
ecut
ives
and
•Ex
ecut
ives
and
sen
ior
man
ager
s cr
eate
opp
ortu
nitie
s fo
r se
nior
cor
pora
te e
xecu
tives
and
ex
tern
al b
oard
mem
bers
to m
eet w
ith p
lant
per
sonn
el a
nd to
ur th
e pl
ant.
•Ex
ecut
ives
and
sen
ior
man
ager
s ob
tain
out
side
per
spec
tives
of n
ucle
ar s
afet
y th
roug
h se
lect
ion
of q
ualif
ied
and
criti
cal i
ndep
ende
nt s
afet
y re
view
boa
rd m
embe
rs w
ith d
iver
se b
ackg
roun
ds
and
pers
pect
ives
.
•Ex
ecut
ives
and
sen
ior
man
ager
s us
e di
vers
e m
echa
nism
s su
ch a
s em
ploy
ee s
urve
ys,
inde
pend
ent a
sses
smen
ts, e
xter
nal s
afet
y re
view
boa
rd m
embe
r fe
edba
ck, a
nd e
mpl
oyee
co
ncer
n in
vest
igat
ions
to re
gula
rly
mon
itor
stat
ion
nucl
ear s
afet
y cu
lture
. Can
didl
y co
mm
unic
ate
resu
lts a
nd a
ctio
ns th
roug
hout
the
orga
niza
tion,
incl
udin
g to
the
Boar
d of
D
irect
ors.
•M
anag
ers
supp
ort f
orm
al a
sses
smen
ts o
f wor
kpla
ce a
ttitu
des
and
nucl
ear s
afet
y cu
lture
, and
ac
t on
issu
es th
at a
ffect
trus
t in
man
a gem
ent o
r de
trac
t fro
m a
hea
lthy
nucl
ear s
afet
y cu
lture
.g
yy
•Su
perv
isor
s pa
rtic
ipat
e in
site
-wid
e se
lf-as
sess
men
ts a
nd s
urve
ys b
y of
feri
ng a
ccur
ate,
can
did,
an
d th
ough
tful
inpu
t to
help
man
ager
s de
term
ine
the
heal
th o
f the
sta
tion’
s sa
fety
cul
ture
.
•In
divi
dual
con
trib
utor
s pa
rtic
ipat
e in
site
-wid
e se
lf-as
sess
men
ts a
nd s
urve
ys b
y of
feri
ng
accu
rate
cand
idan
dth
ough
tful
inpu
tto
help
man
ager
sde
term
ine
the
heal
thof
the
stat
ion
accu
rate
, can
did,
and
thou
ghtf
ul in
put t
o he
lp m
anag
ers
dete
rmin
e th
e he
alth
of t
he s
tatio
n sa
fety
cul
ture
.
11
LA.8
Lead
er B
ehav
iors
: Lea
ders
exh
ibit
beh
avio
rs t
hat s
et t
he s
tand
ard
for
Lead
ersh
ip S
afet
y Va
lues
and
Act
ions
(LA
)
safe
ty.
Prop
osed
Exa
mpl
es•
Man
agem
ent
ensu
res
nucl
ear
safe
ty a
nd p
rodu
ctio
n ar
e ba
lanc
ed a
nd a
ct d
ecis
ivel
y w
hen
a nu
clea
r sa
fety
co
ncer
nis
rais
edco
ncer
n is
rais
ed.
•M
anag
emen
t se
eks
to e
ngag
e in
divi
dual
s to
impr
ove
nucl
ear
safe
ty b
y st
rivi
ng fo
r ope
nnes
s an
d st
rong
co
mm
unic
atio
ns th
roug
hout
the
orga
niza
tion.
•M
anag
emen
t he
lps
empl
oyee
s un
ders
tand
cur
rent
saf
ety
issu
es a
nd im
prov
emen
t fo
cus
activ
ities
.
•Ex
ecut
ives
and
seni
orm
anag
ers
esta
blis
han
dco
mm
unic
ate
acl
ear
docu
men
ted
nucl
ear
safe
typo
licy
•Ex
ecut
ives
and
sen
ior
man
ager
s es
tabl
ish
and
com
mun
icat
e a
clea
r, do
cum
ente
d nu
clea
r sa
fety
pol
icy.
•Ex
ecut
ives
, man
ager
s, a
nd s
uper
viso
rs “
wal
k th
e ta
lk,”
mod
elin
g th
e co
rrec
t beh
avio
rs, e
spec
ially
whe
n lin
e m
anag
ers
are
reso
lvin
g ap
pare
nt c
onfli
cts
betw
een
nucl
ear
safe
ty d
efen
se-in
-dep
th a
nd p
rodu
ctio
n.
•Ex
ecut
ives
and
sen
ior
man
ager
s m
aint
ain
high
sta
ndar
ds o
f per
sona
l con
duct
that
pro
mot
e te
amw
ork,
co
ntin
uous
impr
ovem
ent,
and
apo
sitiv
ew
ork
envi
ronm
ent.
cont
inuo
us im
prov
emen
t, a
nd a
pos
itive
wor
k en
viro
nmen
t.
•Ex
ecut
ives
and
sen
ior
man
ager
s de
mon
stra
te in
tere
st in
pla
nt o
pera
tions
and
act
ivel
y se
ek o
ut th
e op
inio
ns a
nd c
once
rns
of w
orke
rs a
t all
leve
ls. F
ollo
w u
p w
ith s
tatio
n m
anag
ers
to e
nsur
e w
orke
rs’
conc
erns
are
bei
ng a
ddre
ssed
.
•Ex
ecut
ives
and
sen
ior
man
ager
s ch
alle
nge
othe
rs in
the
area
of s
afet
y cu
lture
.g
gy
•Ex
ecut
ives
and
sen
ior
man
ager
s en
cour
age
pers
onne
l to
chal
leng
e un
safe
beh
avio
r an
d un
safe
con
ditio
ns,
and
supp
ort
pers
onne
l whe
n th
ey s
top
plan
t ac
tiviti
es fo
r saf
ety
reas
ons.
•M
anag
ers
mot
ivat
e ot
hers
to p
erfo
rm s
afet
y cu
lture
beh
avio
rs.
•Su
perv
isor
s m
aint
ain
high
sta
ndar
ds o
f per
sona
l con
duct
and
com
mun
icat
ion
that
pro
mot
e te
amw
ork,
p
gp
pco
ntin
uous
impr
ovem
ent,
and
a q
uest
ioni
ng a
ttitu
de.
12
Issu
espo
tent
ially
impa
ctin
gsa
fety
are
prom
ptly
Prob
lem
Iden
tific
atio
n &
Res
olut
ion
(PI)
Issu
es p
oten
tial
ly im
pact
ing
safe
ty a
re p
rom
ptly
id
enti
fied,
fully
eva
luat
ed, a
nd p
rom
ptly
add
ress
ed
and
corr
ecte
d co
mm
ensu
rate
wit
h th
eir
sign
ifica
nce.
g
•PI
.1 Id
entif
icat
ion
•PI
2Ev
alua
tion
•PI
.2 E
valu
atio
n•
PI.3
Res
olut
ion
•PI
.4 T
rend
ing
Prob
lem
Iden
tific
atio
n l
13
& R
esol
utio
n
PI.1
Iden
tific
atio
n: T
he o
rgan
izat
ion
impl
emen
ts a
cor
rect
ive
acti
on p
rogr
am
Prob
lem
Iden
tific
atio
n &
Res
olut
ion
(PI)
wit
h a
low
thre
shol
d fo
r id
enti
fyin
g is
sues
. Ind
ivid
uals
iden
tify
issu
es
com
plet
ely,
acc
urat
ely,
and
in a
tim
ely
man
ner
in a
ccor
danc
e w
ith
the
prog
ram
.Pr
opos
ed E
xam
ples
•M
anag
emen
t im
plem
ents
a c
orre
ctiv
e ac
tion
prog
ram
with
a lo
w th
resh
old
for
iden
tifyi
ng
issu
es.
•Co
ncer
nspr
oble
ms
degr
aded
cond
ition
san
dne
arm
isse
sar
epr
ompt
lyre
port
edan
dCo
ncer
ns, p
robl
ems,
deg
rade
d co
nditi
ons,
and
nea
r mis
ses
are
prom
ptly
repo
rted
and
do
cum
ente
d in
the
corr
ectiv
e ac
tion
prog
ram
.
•Is
sues
ent
ered
in th
e co
rrec
tive
actio
n pr
ogra
m a
re d
escr
ibed
in s
uffic
ient
det
ail t
o en
sure
th
ey a
re a
ppro
pria
tely
pri
oriti
zed
and
assi
gned
to th
e ap
prop
riat
e gr
oup
for
reso
lutio
n.
All
ld
hi
iid
ifdi
ib
hi
h•
All
pers
onne
l can
use
d th
e co
rrec
tive
actio
n pr
ogra
m to
iden
tify
cond
ition
s or
beh
avio
rs th
at
have
the
pote
ntia
l to
degr
ade
nucl
ear s
afet
y, o
pera
ting
mar
gins
, and
/or s
afe
wor
k pe
rfor
man
ce.
•M
anag
emen
t use
s re
alis
tic p
erfo
rman
ce in
dica
tors
that
may
sug
gest
dev
iatio
ns fr
om th
e no
rm o
r de
clin
ing
perf
orm
ance
.
•Em
ploy
ees
are
trai
ned
to re
cogn
ize
devi
atio
ns fr
om th
e no
rm a
nd to
form
ulat
e an
d im
plem
ent s
olut
ions
.
•A
ctiv
eri
skm
anag
emen
tpra
ctic
esar
eap
plie
das
prob
lem
sar
eid
entif
ied.
Act
ive
risk
man
agem
ent p
ract
ices
are
app
lied
as p
robl
ems
are
iden
tifie
d.
14
PI2
Eval
uati
on:T
heor
gani
zati
onth
orou
ghly
eval
uate
spr
oble
ms
toen
sure
Prob
lem
Iden
tific
atio
n &
Res
olut
ion
(PI)
PI.2
Eval
uati
on: T
he o
rgan
izat
ion
thor
ough
ly e
valu
ates
pro
blem
s to
ens
ure
that
reso
luti
ons
addr
ess
caus
es a
nd e
xten
t of
con
diti
ons,
com
men
sura
te
wit
h th
eir
safe
ty s
igni
fican
ce.
Prop
osed
Exa
mpl
es•
Prob
lem
s ar
e pr
oper
ly c
lass
ified
, pri
oriti
zed,
and
eva
luat
ed fo
r ope
rabi
lity
and
repo
rtab
ility
cond
ition
s ad
vers
e to
qua
lify.
•M
anag
emen
t co
nduc
ts e
ffec
tiven
ess
revi
ews
of s
igni
fican
t co
rrec
tive
actio
ns to
ens
ure
that
the
prob
lem
s ar
e re
solv
ed.
•O
pera
bilit
y de
term
inat
ions
are
dev
elop
ed w
hen
requ
ired
or a
ppro
pria
te.
•A
ppar
ent
and
root
cau
se in
vest
igat
ions
iden
tify
prim
ary
and
cont
ribu
ting
caus
al fa
ctor
s fo
r con
ditio
ns
adve
rse
to q
ualit
y.
•Ex
tent
of c
ondi
tion
eval
uatio
ns a
nd w
alk-
dow
ns a
re c
ompl
eted
in a
tim
ely
man
ner,
com
men
sura
te w
ith
the
safe
ty s
igni
fican
ce o
f the
issu
e.
•Pe
rson
nel a
pply
a r
igor
ous
appr
oach
to p
robl
em-s
olvi
ng.
•A
nom
alie
s ar
e re
cogn
ized
, tho
roug
hly
inve
stig
ated
, and
pro
mpt
ly m
itiga
ted.
•Ro
ot c
ause
ana
lysi
s is
eff
ectiv
ely
appl
ied
to id
entif
y an
d co
rrec
t the
fund
amen
tal c
ause
of e
vent
s.
•O
rgan
izat
iona
l con
trib
utor
s to
eve
nts
are
give
n th
e ne
cess
ary
time
and
reso
urce
s to
be
clea
rly
unde
rsto
od.
•O
rgan
izat
iona
l and
sys
tem
-indu
ced
cont
ribu
tors
to e
vent
s an
d st
atio
n w
eakn
esse
s ar
e so
ught
out
and
el
imin
ated
. See
k to
und
erst
and
the
basi
s fo
r wor
ker
deci
sion
s th
at c
ontr
ibut
ed to
suc
h ev
ents
.
15
PI3
Reso
luti
on:T
heor
gani
zati
onta
kes
effe
ctiv
eco
rrec
tive
acti
ons
to
Prob
lem
Iden
tific
atio
n &
Res
olut
ion
(PI)
PI.3
Reso
luti
on: T
he o
rgan
izat
ion
take
s ef
fect
ive
corr
ecti
ve a
ctio
ns to
ad
dres
s is
sues
in a
tim
ely
man
ner,
com
men
sura
te w
ith
thei
r sa
fety
si
gnifi
canc
e.
Prop
osed
Exa
mpl
es
•M
anag
emen
t tak
es a
ppro
pria
te c
orre
ctiv
e ac
tions
to a
ddre
ss s
afet
y is
sues
and
adv
erse
tr
ends
in a
tim
ely
man
ner,
com
men
sura
te w
ith th
eir
safe
ty s
igni
fican
ce a
nd c
ompl
exity
.
•In
form
atio
nis
com
mun
icat
edre
gard
ing
the
Corr
ectiv
eA
ctio
nPr
ogra
m(C
AP)
toid
entif
yan
dIn
form
atio
n is
com
mun
icat
ed re
gard
ing
the
Corr
ectiv
e A
ctio
n Pr
ogra
m (C
AP)
to
iden
tify
and
reso
lve
prog
ram
mat
ic a
nd c
omm
on c
ause
pro
blem
s.
•Th
e CA
P is
util
ized
effe
ctiv
ely
to re
solv
e co
nditi
ons
adve
rse
to q
ualit
y an
d nu
clea
r saf
ety
in a
tim
ely
man
ner.
ThCA
Pi
ffi
id
ffi
ii
blh
fii
i•
The
CAP
is e
ffic
ient
and
effe
ctiv
e in
cor
rect
ing
a pr
oble
m th
e fir
st ti
me
it ap
pear
s.
•Pe
rson
nel p
rom
ptly
repo
rts
unus
ual o
r un
expe
cted
con
ditio
ns th
at c
an a
ffect
nuc
lear
saf
ety.
•Co
rrec
tive
actio
ns a
re c
ompl
eted
in a
ccor
danc
e w
ith d
ue d
ates
or
the
date
s ar
e ex
tend
ed p
er
an e
stab
lishe
d pr
oces
s.p
•Co
rrec
tive
actio
ns re
solv
e an
d co
rrec
t the
iden
tifie
d co
nditi
on a
dver
se to
qua
lity.
•Co
rrec
tive
actio
ns p
reve
nt th
e re
curr
ence
of s
igni
fican
t con
ditio
ns a
dver
se to
qua
lity.
16
PI4
Tren
ding
:The
orga
niza
tion
peri
odic
ally
anal
yzes
info
rmat
ion
from
the
Prob
lem
Iden
tific
atio
n &
Res
olut
ion
(PI)
PI.4
Tren
ding
: The
org
aniz
atio
n pe
riod
ical
ly a
naly
zes
info
rmat
ion
from
the
co
rrec
tive
act
ion
prog
ram
and
oth
er a
sses
smen
ts in
the
aggr
egat
e to
id
enti
fy p
rogr
amm
atic
and
com
mon
cau
se is
sues
.
Prop
osed
Exa
mpl
es
•M
anag
emen
t tra
cks
and
tren
ds s
afet
y in
dica
tors
whi
ch p
rovi
de a
n ac
cura
te re
pres
enta
tion
of
perf
orm
ance
.
•Tr
ends
insa
fety
perf
orm
ance
indi
cato
rsar
eac
ted
upon
tore
solv
epr
oble
ms
earl
yTr
ends
in s
afet
y pe
rfor
man
ce in
dica
tors
are
act
ed u
pon
to re
solv
e pr
oble
ms
earl
y.
•M
anag
ers
rout
inel
y ch
alle
nge
oper
ator
s an
d en
gine
ers
to d
emon
stra
te a
n un
ders
tand
ing
of
decl
inin
g tr
ends
and
pro
vide
sup
port
for
proj
ects
and
initi
ativ
es th
at re
vers
e th
ose
tren
ds.
•O
rgan
izat
iona
l and
dep
artm
enta
l tre
nd re
view
s ar
e co
mpl
eted
in a
tim
ely
man
ner i
n d
ihi
acco
rdan
ce w
ith p
rogr
am e
xpec
tatio
ns.
17
Pers
onal
Acc
ount
abili
ty (P
A)
All
indi
vidu
als
take
per
sona
l res
pons
ibili
ty fo
r sa
fety
.
•PA
.1 S
tand
ards
•PA
.2 Jo
b O
wne
rshi
p•
PA.3
Tea
mw
ork
Pers
onal
A
ccou
ntab
ility
18
Acc
ount
abili
ty
PA.1
Stan
dard
s: In
divi
dual
s un
ders
tand
the
impo
rtan
ce o
f adh
eren
ce t
o f
f
Pers
onal
Acc
ount
abili
ty (P
A)
nucl
ear
stan
dard
s. A
ll le
vels
of t
he o
rgan
izat
ion
exer
cise
acc
ount
abili
ty fo
r sh
ortf
alls
in m
eeti
ng s
tand
ards
.
Prop
osed
Exa
mpl
es
•Th
e w
orkf
orce
dem
onst
rate
s a
prop
er fo
cus
on n
ucle
ar s
afet
y an
d re
info
rces
this
thro
ugh
peer
coa
chin
g an
d co
-wor
ker
disc
ussi
ons.
•Pe
rson
nel u
nder
stan
d th
e im
port
ance
of a
dher
ence
to n
ucle
ar s
afet
y st
anda
rds
whi
le
exer
cisi
n g s
tron
g ac
coun
tabi
lity
for
shor
tfal
ls in
mee
ting
stan
dard
s.g
gy
g
•Sa
fety
sta
ndar
ds a
re c
onsi
sten
tly a
pplie
d ac
ross
the
orga
niza
tion.
•Th
ere
is a
hig
h le
vel o
f com
plia
nce
with
pro
cedu
res
whe
re d
oing
the
righ
t thi
ng (e
ven
it co
sts
mon
ey o
r tim
e) is
em
phas
ized
.
Idi
idlh
ldth
lll
tbl
fd
lil
ft
bh
i•
Indi
vidu
al h
old
them
selv
es p
erso
nally
acc
ount
able
for
mod
elin
g nu
clea
r saf
ety
beha
vior
s,
incl
udin
g th
e st
anda
rds
for
proc
edur
e us
e, th
e us
e of
err
or re
duct
ion
tool
s, a
nd s
topp
ing
whe
n un
sure
or
whe
n co
nditi
ons
are
not a
s ex
pect
ed.
•In
divi
dual
con
trib
utor
s ac
tivel
y so
licit
and
are
open
to p
erfo
rman
ce fe
edba
ck.
•In
divi
dual
con
trib
utor
s en
cour
age
cow
orke
rs to
adh
ere
to h
igh
stan
dard
s an
d to
be
open
to
perf
orm
ance
feed
back
.
•In
divi
dual
con
trib
utor
s he
lp s
uppl
emen
tal p
erso
nnel
und
erst
and
expe
cted
wor
k be
havi
ors
and
requ
ired
actio
nsas
soci
ated
with
thei
rjo
bsne
cess
ary
tom
aint
ain
nucl
ears
afet
yan
dan
d re
quire
d ac
tions
ass
ocia
ted
with
thei
r jo
bs n
eces
sary
to m
aint
ain
nucl
ear s
afet
y an
d de
fens
e-in
-dep
th.
19
PA.2
Job
Ow
ners
hip:
Indi
vidu
als
unde
rsta
nd a
nd d
emon
stra
te p
erso
nal
Pers
onal
Acc
ount
abili
ty (P
A)
resp
onsi
bilit
y fo
r th
e be
havi
ors
and
wor
k pr
acti
ces
that
sup
port
nuc
lear
sa
fety
. Pr
opos
ed E
xam
ples
•Pe
rson
nelf
ollo
wpr
oced
ures
and
use
hum
aner
ror
prev
entio
nte
chni
ques
•Pe
rson
nel f
ollo
w p
roce
dure
s an
d us
e hu
man
err
or p
reve
ntio
n te
chni
ques
.
•Pe
rson
nel u
se s
elf-
and
peer
-che
ckin
g an
d pr
oper
ly d
ocum
ent a
ctiv
ities
, com
men
sura
te w
ith th
e ri
sk o
f the
ass
igne
d ta
sk.
•O
wne
rshi
p fo
r nu
clea
r sa
fety
is e
vide
nt in
indi
vidu
als
at a
ll or
gani
zatio
nal l
evel
s in
clud
ing
supp
ort
(h
lb
lti
bi
dfi
il
li
)gr
oups
(e.g
., hu
man
reso
urce
s, la
bor r
elat
ions
, bus
ines
s an
d fin
anci
al p
lann
ing)
.
•W
orke
rs u
nder
stan
d th
at th
ey a
re p
erso
nally
resp
onsi
ble
for
beha
vior
s an
d w
ork
prac
tices
su
ppor
ting
nucl
ear
safe
ty a
s w
ell a
s ra
isin
g pe
rson
al o
r w
orkg
roup
con
cern
s.
•W
ork
team
s in
tegr
ate
nucl
ear
safe
ty m
essa
ges
into
dai
ly a
ctiv
ities
suc
h as
pre
-job
brie
fs a
nd w
alk-
dow
ns.
•Em
ploy
ees
wor
k w
ith th
eir
supe
rvis
or to
wal
k do
wn
and
talk
with
oth
ers
invo
lved
in u
pcom
ing
wor
k.
•Pe
rson
nel t
ake
owne
rshi
p fo
r th
e pr
epar
atio
n an
d ex
ecut
ion
of a
ssig
ned
wor
k ac
tiviti
es.
•Pe
rson
nel a
ctiv
ely
part
icip
ate
in p
re-jo
b br
iefin
gs. F
ully
und
erst
and
the
impa
ct o
n nu
clea
r sa
fety
, de
fens
e-in
-dep
th, p
oten
tial e
rror
trap
s, th
e sc
ope
of w
ork,
cri
tical
ste
ps, p
rior
ity e
rror
redu
ctio
n to
ols,
term
inat
ion
crite
ria,
and
requ
ired
notif
icat
ions
to th
e co
ntro
l roo
m a
nd s
uper
visi
on
asso
ciat
ed w
ith th
e as
sign
ed a
ctiv
ity.
•Pe
rson
nel s
top
wor
k ac
tiviti
es w
hen
conf
ront
ed w
ith a
n un
expe
cted
con
ditio
n an
d re
solv
e th
e co
nditi
on w
ith s
uper
viso
rs a
nd, a
s ap
prop
riat
e, s
yste
m a
nd e
quip
men
t exp
erts
pri
or to
con
tinui
ng
wor
k ac
tiviti
es.
20
PA.3
Team
wor
k: In
divi
dual
s an
d w
orkg
roup
s co
mm
unic
ate
and
coor
dina
te
Pers
onal
Acc
ount
abili
ty (P
A)
thei
r ac
tivi
ties
wit
hin
and
acro
ss o
rgan
izat
iona
l bou
ndar
ies
to e
nsur
e nu
clea
r sa
fety
is m
aint
aine
d.
Prop
osed
Exa
mpl
es
•In
divi
dual
s an
d te
ams
wor
k ac
ross
wor
kgro
up b
ound
ary
lines
to m
aint
ain
a cl
ear f
ocus
on
nucl
ear s
afet
y.
•Sh
ift tu
rnov
ers
are
coor
dina
ted
to c
lear
ly s
uppo
rt th
e m
aint
enan
ce o
f nuc
lear
saf
ety.
Ak
id
dt
fth
idi
ti
idh
ki
h•
A w
orkg
roup
—in
depe
nden
t of t
heir
dire
ct s
uper
viso
r—pr
ovid
es p
eer-
chec
ks in
suc
h ar
eas
as
veri
fyin
g ce
rtifi
catio
ns a
nd tr
aini
ng fo
r jo
b as
sign
men
ts, e
nsur
ing
deta
iled
safe
ty p
ract
ices
, ac
tivel
y pe
er c
oach
new
per
sonn
el, a
nd s
hari
ng to
ols
and
publ
icat
ions
.
•To
ols
and
shift
cha
nges
are
sha
red
acro
ss w
orkg
roup
s to
pro
mot
e sa
fe w
ork
prac
tices
.
•In
divi
dual
s de
mon
stra
te o
f str
ong
sens
e of
col
labo
ratio
n an
d co
oper
atio
n in
con
nect
ion
with
pr
ojec
t and
ope
ratio
nal a
ctiv
ities
.
21
Wor
k Pr
oces
ses
(WP)
The
proc
ess
of p
lann
ing
and
cont
rolli
ng w
ork
acti
viti
es
is im
plem
ente
d so
that
saf
ety
is m
aint
aine
d.
•W
P.1
Wor
k M
anag
emen
t•
WP
2D
esig
nM
argi
ns•
WP.
2 D
esig
n M
argi
ns•
WP.
3 D
ocum
enta
tion
•W
P.4
Proc
edur
e A
dher
ence
Wor
k Pr
oces
ses
22
WP.
1W
ork
Man
agem
ent:
The
org
aniz
atio
n im
plem
ents
a p
roce
ss o
f
Wor
k Pr
oces
ses
(WP)
plan
ning
, con
trol
ling,
and
exe
cuti
ng w
ork
acti
viti
es s
uch
that
nuc
lear
saf
ety
is th
e ov
erri
ding
pri
orit
y. T
he w
ork
proc
ess
incl
udes
the
iden
tific
atio
n an
d m
anag
emen
t of
ris
k co
mm
ensu
rate
to t
he w
ork.
Prop
osed
Exa
mpl
es
•M
anag
emen
t app
ropr
iate
ly c
onsi
ders
ris
k in
sigh
ts, j
ob s
ite c
ondi
tions
, pla
nned
con
tinge
ncie
s,
the
impa
ct o
f cha
nges
to th
e w
ork
scop
e, th
e ne
ed fo
r co
ordi
natio
n w
ith d
iffer
ent g
roup
s or
jo
bac
tiviti
esan
dth
ene
edto
keep
pers
onne
lapp
rise
dof
wor
kst
atus
job
activ
ities
, and
the
need
to k
eep
pers
onne
l app
rise
d of
wor
k st
atus
.
•W
ork
is e
ffect
ivel
y pl
anne
d an
d ex
ecut
ed b
y in
corp
orat
ing
a w
ide
rang
e of
requ
irem
ents
suc
h as
risk
insi
ghts
, job
site
con
ditio
ns; a
nd th
e ne
ed fo
r pl
anne
d co
ntin
genc
ies,
com
pens
ator
y ac
tions
and
abo
rt c
rite
ria.
•W
ork
man
agem
ent p
ract
ices
sup
port
a s
tron
g nu
clea
r saf
ety
cultu
re.
•M
anag
ers
mai
ntai
n co
gniz
ance
of t
he s
tatu
s of
the
plan
t, th
e nu
clea
r saf
ety
risk
s as
soci
ated
w
ith w
ork
in th
e fie
ld, a
nd o
ther
par
alle
l sta
tion
activ
ities
.
•M
anag
ers
mai
ntai
ncr
itica
lsaf
ety
func
tion
defe
nse-
in-d
epth
byde
velo
ping
appr
opri
ate
Man
ager
s m
aint
ain
criti
cal s
afet
y fu
nctio
n de
fens
ein
dept
h by
dev
elop
ing
appr
opri
ate
cont
inge
ncie
s.
•Su
perv
isor
s kn
ow th
e st
atus
of t
he p
lant
, the
nuc
lear
saf
ety
risk
s as
soci
ated
with
ass
igne
d jo
bs, a
nd o
ther
par
alle
l sta
tion
activ
ities
. The
y do
not
allo
w w
ork
on p
rote
cted
saf
ety
trai
ns,
syst
ems
and
com
pone
nts
bein
gus
edto
mai
ntai
nsa
fety
syst
emde
fens
e-in
-dep
thsy
stem
s, a
nd c
ompo
nent
s be
ing
used
to m
aint
ain
safe
ty s
yste
m d
efen
se-in
-dep
th.
23
WP.
2D
esig
n M
argi
ns: T
he o
rgan
izat
ion
oper
ates
and
mai
ntai
ns e
quip
men
t
Wor
k Pr
oces
ses
(WP)
wit
hin
desi
gn m
argi
ns. M
argi
ns a
re c
aref
ully
gua
rded
and
cha
nged
onl
y th
roug
h a
syst
emat
ic a
nd r
igor
ous
proc
ess.
Spe
cial
att
enti
on is
pla
ced
on
mai
ntai
ning
fiss
ion
prod
uct
barr
iers
, def
ense
in d
epth
, and
saf
ety
rela
ted
it
equi
pmen
t.Pr
opos
ed E
xam
ples
•M
anag
emen
t mai
ntai
ns lo
ng te
rm p
lant
saf
ety
by m
aint
enan
ce o
f des
ign
mar
gins
, m
inim
izat
ion
of lo
n g-s
tand
ing
equi
pmen
t iss
ues,
min
imiz
ing
prev
enta
tive
mai
nten
ance
g
gq
pg
pde
ferr
als,
and
ens
urin
g m
aint
enan
ce a
nd e
ngin
eeri
ng b
ackl
ogs
are
low
eno
ugh
supp
ort
safe
ty.
•D
esig
n m
argi
ns a
nd re
quire
men
ts a
long
with
ope
ratin
g m
argi
ns a
re c
aref
ully
gua
rded
and
ch
ange
don
lyw
ithgr
eatt
houg
htan
dca
re.
chan
ged
only
with
gre
at th
ough
t and
car
e.
•Th
ere
is a
str
ong
focu
s on
min
imiz
atio
n of
long
-sta
ndin
g eq
uipm
ent i
ssue
s, m
inim
izin
g pr
even
tive
mai
nten
ance
def
erra
ls, a
nd e
nsur
ing
mai
nten
ance
and
eng
inee
ring
bac
klog
s ar
e lo
w e
noug
h to
str
ongl
y su
ppor
t nuc
lear
saf
ety.
Sf
tl
td
iti
td
dti
ll
it
id
llith
id
i•
Safe
ty-r
elat
ed e
quip
men
t is
oper
ated
and
met
icul
ousl
y m
aint
aine
d, w
ell w
ithin
des
ign
requ
irem
ents
.
•In
sigh
ts fr
om p
roba
bilis
tic ri
sk a
naly
sis
are
cons
ider
ed in
dai
ly p
lant
act
iviti
es a
nd p
lant
ch
ange
pro
cess
es.
24
WP.
3D
ocum
enta
tion
: The
org
aniz
atio
n cr
eate
s an
d m
aint
ains
com
plet
e,
Wor
k Pr
oces
ses
(WP)
gp
,ac
cura
te a
nd u
p-to
-dat
e do
cum
enta
tion
.Pr
opos
ed E
xam
ples
•Th
e st
atio
n en
sure
s co
mpl
ete,
acc
urat
e, a
nd c
urre
nt d
esig
n do
cum
enta
tion,
pro
cedu
res,
w
ork
pack
ages
and
cor
rect
labe
ling
of c
ompo
nent
s.
•Th
e ba
cklo
g of
cha
nge
requ
ests
is a
ctiv
ely
man
aged
to e
nsur
e, m
aint
ain
and
enha
nce
the
qual
ity o
f doc
umen
tatio
n.
•W
ork
activ
ities
are
coor
dina
ted
toad
dres
sco
nflic
ting
orch
angi
ngpr
iori
ties
acro
ssth
ew
hole
Wor
k ac
tiviti
es a
re c
oord
inat
ed to
add
ress
con
flict
ing
or c
hang
ing
prio
ritie
s ac
ross
the
who
le
spec
trum
of a
ctiv
ities
con
trib
utin
g to
nuc
lear
saf
ety.
•W
ork
activ
ities
are
dev
elop
ed to
sup
port
long
-ter
m e
quip
men
t rel
iabi
lity
by li
miti
ng
tem
pora
ry m
odifi
catio
ns a
nd e
nsur
ing
mai
nten
ance
sch
edul
ing
is m
ore
prev
entiv
e th
an
reac
tive
reac
tive.
25
WP.
4Pr
oced
ure
Adh
eren
ce: I
ndiv
idua
ls fo
llow
pro
cess
es, p
roce
dure
s an
d
Wor
k Pr
oces
ses
(WP) p
,pw
ork
inst
ruct
ions
.Pr
opos
ed E
xam
ples
•Th
ere
is a
hig
h le
vel o
f com
plia
nce
with
pro
cedu
res
whe
re d
oing
the
righ
t thi
ng (e
ven
it co
sts
mon
ey o
r tim
e) is
em
phas
ized
.
•Pl
ant a
ctiv
ities
are
gov
erne
d by
com
preh
ensi
ve, h
igh-
qual
ity p
roce
sses
and
pro
cedu
res.
•Pr
oces
ses,
pro
cedu
res
and
wor
k in
stru
ctio
ns a
re m
aint
aine
d cu
rren
t and
con
stru
cted
to b
e ea
sily
unde
rsto
odId
entif
ied
poin
tsof
conf
usio
nor
erro
rsar
ead
dres
sed
ona
sche
dule
toea
sily
und
erst
ood.
Iden
tifie
d po
ints
of c
onfu
sion
or
erro
rs a
re a
ddre
ssed
on
a sc
hedu
le to
pr
eclu
de p
robl
ems
with
upc
omin
g ac
tiviti
es.
•Su
perv
isor
s re
view
pro
cedu
res
and
inst
ruct
ions
pri
or to
wor
k to
val
idat
e th
at th
ey a
re
appr
opri
ate
for
the
scop
e of
wor
k an
d th
at re
quire
d ch
ange
s ar
e co
mpl
eted
pri
or to
be
ginn
ing
wor
kbe
ginn
ing
wor
k.
•In
divi
dual
con
trib
utor
s re
view
pro
cedu
res
and
inst
ruct
ions
pri
or to
wor
k to
val
idat
e th
at th
ey
are
appr
opri
ate
for
the
scop
e of
wor
k an
d th
at re
quire
d ch
ange
s ar
e co
mpl
eted
pri
or to
be
ginn
ing
wor
k.
•In
divi
dual
con
trib
utor
s m
anip
ulat
e pl
ant e
quip
men
t onl
y w
hen
appr
opri
atel
y au
thor
ized
and
di
rect
ed b
y ap
prov
ed p
lant
pro
cedu
res
or w
ork
inst
ruct
ions
.
26
Oi
il
bf
Cont
inuo
us L
earn
ing
(CL)
Opp
ortu
niti
es to
lear
n ab
out w
ays
to e
nsur
e sa
fety
ar
e so
ught
out
and
impl
emen
ted.
•CL
.1 O
pera
ting
Expe
rien
ce•
CL.2
Sel
f Ass
essm
ent
•CL
.3 B
ench
mar
king
•CL
.4 T
rain
ing
Cont
inuo
us
Lear
ning
27
Lear
ning
CL.1
Ope
rati
ng E
xper
ienc
e: T
he o
rgan
izat
ion
syst
emat
ical
ly a
nd e
ffec
tive
ly
Cont
inuo
us L
earn
ing
(CL)
pg
pg
yy
yco
llect
s, e
valu
ates
, and
impl
emen
ts re
leva
nt in
tern
al a
nd e
xter
nal o
pera
ting
ex
peri
ence
in a
tim
ely
man
ner.
Prop
osed
Exa
mpl
es
•O
pera
ting
expe
rien
ce is
impl
emen
ted
and
inst
itutio
naliz
ed th
roug
h ch
ange
s to
sta
tion
proc
esse
s, p
roce
dure
s, e
quip
men
t, a
nd tr
aini
ng p
rogr
ams.
•Th
e lic
ense
e pe
rfor
ms
a th
orou
gh re
view
of o
pera
ting
expe
rien
ce p
rovi
ded
by in
tern
al a
nd
exte
rnal
sour
ces
inac
cord
ance
with
anes
tabl
ishe
dpr
oces
sex
tern
al s
ourc
es in
acc
orda
nce
with
an
esta
blis
hed
proc
ess.
•Re
leva
nt in
tern
al a
nd e
xter
nal O
E is
col
lect
ed, d
istr
ibut
ed, a
nd u
sed
on a
tim
ely
basi
s.
•O
pera
ting
expe
rien
ce is
use
d to
und
erst
and
indu
stry
cha
lleng
es a
nd a
dopt
new
idea
s to
im
prov
e pe
rfor
man
ce.
•Le
sson
s le
arne
d fr
om in
tern
al a
nd e
xter
nal O
E ar
e us
ed to
sup
port
dai
ly w
ork
func
tions
and
in
clud
es th
e m
essa
ge th
at th
is h
as h
appe
ned
here
or
coul
d ha
ppen
her
e.
28
CL.2
Self
Ass
essm
ent:
The
org
aniz
atio
n ro
utin
ely
cond
ucts
sel
f-cr
itic
al a
nd
Cont
inuo
us L
earn
ing
(CL)
gy
obje
ctiv
e as
sess
men
ts o
f its
pro
gram
s an
d pr
acti
ces.
Prop
osed
Exa
mpl
es
•M
anag
emen
t per
iodi
cally
con
duct
s co
mpr
ehen
sive
and
obj
ectiv
e se
lf an
d in
depe
nden
t as
sess
men
ts o
f the
ir p
rogr
ams
and
prac
tices
to id
entif
y ar
eas
for
impr
ovem
ent,
and
take
s co
rrec
tive
actio
ns c
omm
ensu
rate
with
thei
r si
gnifi
canc
e.
•M
anag
emen
tper
iodi
cally
asse
sses
the
effe
ctiv
enes
sof
over
sigh
tgro
ups
and
prog
ram
ssu
ch•
Man
agem
ent p
erio
dica
lly a
sses
ses
the
effe
ctiv
enes
s of
ove
rsig
ht g
roup
s an
d pr
ogra
ms
such
as
CA
P an
d po
licie
s.
•In
tern
al a
nd e
xter
nal a
sses
smen
ts, i
nclu
ding
sel
f-as
sess
men
ts a
re th
roug
h an
d ef
fect
ive.
•Se
lf-as
sess
men
ts h
ave
a kn
own
freq
uenc
y an
d pr
ovid
e ob
ject
ive,
com
preh
ensi
ve, a
nd s
elf-
criti
cal i
nfor
mat
ion
and
driv
e co
rrec
tive
actio
ns.
•A
bal
ance
d ap
proa
ch o
f sel
f-as
sess
men
ts a
nd in
depe
nden
t ove
rsig
ht is
use
d an
d pe
riod
ical
ly
adju
sted
bas
ed o
n ch
angi
ng n
eeds
.
•Pe
riod
ic n
ucle
ar s
afet
y cu
lture
ass
essm
ents
are
con
duct
ed a
nd u
sed
as a
bas
is fo
r y
impr
ovem
ents
.
•Em
ploy
ees
belie
ve th
at th
e pl
ant h
as a
str
ong
qual
ity a
ssur
ance
pro
cess
and
org
aniz
atio
n.
•Em
ploy
ee in
volv
emen
t in
self-
asse
ssm
ents
is a
ctiv
ely
soug
ht to
impr
ove
nucl
ear s
afet
y.
29
CL.3
Benc
hmar
king
: The
org
aniz
atio
n le
arns
from
oth
er o
rgan
izat
ions
to
Cont
inuo
us L
earn
ing
(CL)
gg
gco
ntin
uous
ly im
prov
e kn
owle
dge,
ski
lls, a
nd s
afet
y pe
rfor
man
ce.
Prop
osed
Exa
mpl
es
•Pe
rson
nel c
ontin
uous
ly s
triv
e to
impr
ove
thei
r kn
owle
dge,
ski
lls, a
nd s
afet
y pe
rfor
man
ce
thro
ugh
activ
ities
suc
h as
ben
chm
arki
ng, b
eing
rece
ptiv
e to
feed
back
, and
set
ting
perf
orm
ance
goa
ls.
•Pe
rson
neli
mpr
ove
thei
rkn
owle
dge
thro
ugh
activ
ities
such
asbe
nchm
arki
nglo
okin
gfo
r•
Pers
onne
l im
prov
e th
eir
know
ledg
e th
roug
h ac
tiviti
es s
uch
as b
ench
mar
king
, loo
king
for
feed
back
, and
set
ting
perf
orm
ance
goa
ls.
•In
nova
tive
idea
s ar
e ad
opte
d fr
om w
here
ver
avai
labl
e to
impr
ove
nucl
ear s
afet
y.
•Pe
rson
nel s
eek
out b
ette
r pr
actic
es b
y us
ing
benc
hmar
king
to u
nder
stan
d ho
w o
ther
s pe
rfor
m th
e sa
me
func
tions
.
•Em
ploy
ee in
volv
emen
t in
benc
hmar
king
is a
ctiv
ely
soug
ht to
impr
ove
nucl
ear s
afet
y.
•Th
e pl
ant p
artic
ipat
es in
ben
chm
arki
ng a
ctiv
ities
with
oth
er fa
cilit
ies.
30
CL.4
Trai
ning
: The
org
aniz
atio
n pr
ovid
es t
rain
ing
and
ensu
res
know
ledg
e
Cont
inuo
us L
earn
ing
(CL)
gg
pg
gtr
ansf
er to
mai
ntai
n a
know
ledg
eabl
e, te
chni
cally
com
pete
nt w
orkf
orce
and
in
still
nuc
lear
saf
ety
valu
es.
Prop
osed
Exa
mpl
es
•Co
ntin
uous
lear
ning
is e
xpec
ted
of e
very
one.
•A
dequ
ate
trai
ning
and
kno
wle
dge
tran
sfer
are
pro
vide
d to
the
wor
kfor
ce to
ens
ure
tech
nica
l co
mpe
tenc
y as
wel
l as
an u
nder
stan
ding
of b
oth
the
stan
dard
s an
d w
ork
requ
irem
ents
.
Pl
ffti
lt
id
thl
t’f
tli
i•
Pers
onne
l are
effe
ctiv
ely
trai
ned
on th
e pl
ant’s
saf
ety
polic
ies.
•Tr
aini
ng re
info
rces
saf
e an
d ex
pect
ed w
orke
r be
havi
ors
for
nucl
ear s
afet
y.
•Em
ploy
ees
mas
ter
reac
tor
and
pow
er p
lant
fund
amen
tals
to e
stab
lish
a so
lid fo
unda
tion
for
soun
d de
cisi
ons
and
beha
vior
s.
•Le
ader
ship
ski
lls a
re s
yste
mat
ical
ly d
evel
oped
.
•Em
ploy
ee in
volv
emen
t in
trai
ning
is a
ctiv
ely
soug
ht to
impr
ove
nucl
ear s
afet
y.
•Ex
ecut
ives
and
sen
ior
man
ager
s ob
tain
the
trai
ning
nec
essa
ry to
und
erst
and
basi
c pl
ant
oper
atio
nan
dth
ere
latio
nshi
psbe
twee
nm
ajor
func
tions
and
orga
niza
tions
oper
atio
n an
d th
e re
latio
nshi
ps b
etw
een
maj
or fu
nctio
ns a
nd o
rgan
izat
ions
.
•Th
e or
gani
zatio
n ha
s pr
ogra
ms
to u
se th
e kn
owle
dge
and
skill
of e
xper
ienc
ed in
divi
dual
s to
he
lp a
dvan
ce th
e kn
owle
dge
and
skill
of l
ess
expe
rien
ced
and
deve
lope
d em
ploy
ees.
31
Asa
fety
cons
ciou
sw
ork
envi
ronm
ent(
SCW
E)is
Envi
ronm
ent f
or R
aisi
ng C
once
rns
(RC)
A s
afet
y co
nsci
ous
wor
k en
viro
nmen
t (SC
WE)
is
mai
ntai
ned
whe
re p
erso
nnel
feel
free
to ra
ise
safe
ty
conc
erns
wit
hout
fear
ofre
talia
tion
,int
imid
atio
n,co
ncer
ns w
itho
ut fe
ar o
f ret
alia
tion
, int
imid
atio
n,
hara
ssm
ent,
or
disc
rim
inat
ion.
RC1
SCW
EP
li•R
C.1
SCW
E Po
licy
•RC.
2 A
ltern
ativ
e Pr
oces
s fo
r Ra
isin
g Co
ncer
ns
Envi
ronm
ent
for
32
Rais
ing
Conc
erns
RC.1
SCW
E Po
licy:
The
org
aniz
atio
n ef
fect
ivel
y im
plem
ents
a p
olic
y th
at
Envi
ronm
ent f
or R
aisi
ng C
once
rns
(RC)
supp
orts
indi
vidu
als’
rig
hts
and
resp
onsi
bilit
ies
to ra
ise
safe
ty c
once
rns,
and
do
es n
ot to
lera
te h
aras
smen
t, in
tim
idat
ion,
reta
liati
on, o
r di
scri
min
atio
n fo
r do
ing
so.
Prop
osed
Exa
mpl
es•
Pers
onne
l are
abl
e to
rais
e nu
clea
r saf
ety
issu
es w
ithou
t fea
r of r
etal
iatio
n.
•Sa
fety
pol
icie
s re
info
rce
that
indi
vidu
als
have
the
righ
t and
resp
onsi
bilit
y to
rais
e nu
clea
r saf
ety
issu
es t
hrou
gh a
vaila
ble
mea
ns, i
nclu
ding
ave
nues
out
side
thei
r org
aniz
atio
nal c
hain
of c
omm
and
and
to e
xter
nal a
genc
ies,
and
obt
ain
feed
back
on
hl
if
hi
the
reso
lutio
n of
suc
h is
sues
.
•A
ll pe
rson
nel a
re tr
aine
d th
at h
aras
smen
t and
reta
liatio
n fo
r rai
sing
saf
ety
conc
erns
is a
vio
latio
n of
law
and
pol
icy
and
will
no
t be
tole
rate
d.
•M
anag
emen
t is
trai
ned
to re
spon
d ap
prop
riat
ely
to s
afet
y co
ncer
ns.
•Cl
aim
s of
dis
crim
inat
ion
are
inve
stig
ated
and
any
nec
essa
ry c
orre
ctiv
e ac
tions
are
take
n in
a ti
mel
y m
anne
r, in
clud
ing
actio
ns to
miti
gate
any
pot
entia
l chi
lling
eff
ect o
n ot
hers
due
to th
e pe
rson
nel a
ctio
n un
der i
nves
tigat
ion.
•Pe
rson
nel a
re c
onfid
ent t
hat t
hey
can
rais
e nu
clea
r saf
ety
conc
erns
with
out f
ear o
f ret
ribu
tion
and
that
thei
r con
cern
s w
ill
be a
ddre
ssed
.
•Ex
ecut
ives
and
sen
ior
man
ager
s re
info
rce
expe
ctat
ions
that
sta
tion
lead
ers
mus
t wel
com
e an
d so
licit
empl
oyee
con
cern
s an
d m
aint
ain
a sa
fety
-con
scio
us w
ork
envi
ronm
ent t
hrou
ghou
t the
ent
ire n
ucle
ar o
rgan
izat
ion.
•A
saf
ety-
cons
ciou
s w
ork
envi
ronm
ent i
s m
aint
aine
d by
pro
vidi
ng o
ppor
tuni
ties
for
open
dis
cuss
ion
of n
ucle
ar s
afet
y an
d id
entif
icat
ion
of p
erce
ived
uns
afe
beha
vior
and
uns
afe
cond
ition
s. F
ollo
w u
p an
d pr
ovid
e fe
edba
ck o
n ac
tions
take
n.
•M
anag
ers
rein
forc
e w
ith a
ll di
rect
repo
rts
that
they
mus
t wel
com
e an
d so
licit
empl
oyee
con
cern
s an
d re
spon
d ap
prop
riat
ely
to th
em.
•M
anag
ers
are
sens
itive
toth
ene
gativ
eim
pact
that
intim
idat
ion
and
pers
onal
atta
cks
have
ontr
usta
ndon
mai
ntai
ning
aM
anag
ers
are
sens
itive
to th
e ne
gativ
e im
pact
that
intim
idat
ion
and
pers
onal
att
acks
hav
e on
trus
t and
on
mai
ntai
ning
a
safe
ty-c
onsc
ious
wor
k en
viro
nmen
t.
33
RC.2
Alt
erna
te P
roce
ss fo
r Ra
isin
g Co
ncer
ns: T
he o
rgan
izat
ion
effe
ctiv
ely
Envi
ronm
ent f
or R
aisi
ng C
once
rns
(RC)
impl
emen
ts a
pro
cess
for
rais
ing
and
reso
lvin
g co
ncer
ns t
hat i
s in
depe
nden
t of
line
man
agem
ent
influ
ence
. Saf
ety
issu
es m
ay b
e ra
ised
in c
onfid
ence
an
d ar
e re
solv
ed in
a t
imel
y an
d ef
fect
ive
man
ner.
Prop
osed
Exa
mpl
es•
Proc
esse
s fo
r rai
sing
con
cern
s or
reso
lvin
g di
ffer
ing
prof
essi
onal
opi
nion
s th
at a
re a
ltern
ates
to th
e lic
ense
e’s
corr
ectiv
e ac
tion
prog
ram
or l
ine
man
agem
ent
are
com
mun
icat
ed a
nd a
cces
sibl
e to
em
ploy
ees.
•Th
est
atio
nha
san
alte
rnat
ive
proc
ess
forr
aisi
ngsa
fety
conc
erns
whi
chre
sults
inap
prop
riat
ean
dtim
ely
The
stat
ion
has
an a
ltern
ativ
e pr
oces
s fo
r rai
sing
saf
ety
conc
erns
whi
ch re
sults
in a
ppro
pria
te a
nd ti
mel
y re
solu
tions
of i
dent
ified
pro
blem
s (i.
e., a
pro
cess
for
rais
ing
conc
erns
that
is a
n al
tern
ate
to c
orre
ctiv
e ac
tion
prog
ram
or l
ine
man
agem
ent)
.
•A
ltern
ativ
e pr
oces
ses
incl
ude
an o
ptio
n to
rais
e is
sues
in c
onfid
ence
and
do
not r
epor
t to
line
man
agem
ent o
r tho
se w
ho w
ould
, in
the
norm
al c
ours
e of
act
iviti
es, b
e re
spon
sibl
e fo
r ad
dres
sing
the
is
sue
rais
ed.
•W
hen
appr
opri
ate,
con
clus
ions
are
mad
e in
depe
nden
t of
line
man
agem
ent
and
not i
nflu
ence
d by
low
er-
leve
l man
agem
ent.
•Po
licie
s su
ppor
t an
d re
info
rce
an in
divi
dual
’s r
ight
and
res
pons
ibili
ty to
rais
e nu
clea
r sa
fety
issu
es t
hrou
gh
ilbl
il
dit
idth
ii
til
hi
fd
dt
tl
avai
labl
e m
eans
, inc
ludi
ng a
venu
es o
utsi
de t
heir
org
aniz
atio
nal c
hain
of c
omm
and
and
to e
xter
nal
agen
cies
.
•Pe
rson
nel a
re a
war
e of
and
hav
e co
nfid
ence
in th
e Em
ploy
ee C
once
rns
Prog
ram
(ECP
).
•Th
ere
is c
onfid
ence
tha
t is
sues
rep
orte
d th
ough
the
ECP
are
thor
ough
ly in
vest
igat
ed a
nd a
ppro
pria
tely
re
solv
edre
solv
ed.
•Pe
rson
nel r
ecei
ve t
imel
y an
d co
mpl
ete
feed
back
on
the
reso
lutio
n of
issu
es.
34
Effe
ctiv
e Sa
fety
Com
mun
icat
ion
(SC)
Com
mun
icat
ions
mai
ntai
n a
focu
s on
saf
ety.
•SC
.1 W
ork
Proc
ess
Com
mun
icat
ions
•SC
.2 B
asis
for D
ecis
ions
•SC
.3 F
ree
Flow
of I
nfor
mat
ion
•SC
.4 E
xpec
tatio
ns
Effe
ctiv
e Sa
fety
Co
mm
unic
atio
n35
Com
mun
icat
ion
SC1
Wor
kPr
oces
sCo
mm
unic
atio
ns:I
ndiv
idua
lsin
corp
orat
esa
fety
Effe
ctiv
e Sa
fety
Com
mun
icat
ion
(SC)
SC.1
Wor
k Pr
oces
s Co
mm
unic
atio
ns: I
ndiv
idua
ls in
corp
orat
e sa
fety
co
mm
unic
atio
ns in
wor
k ac
tivi
ties
.
Prop
osed
Exa
mpl
es
•M
anag
emen
t com
mun
icat
es e
xpec
tatio
ns fo
r us
e of
hum
an e
rror
pre
vent
ion
tech
niqu
es s
uch
as p
re-jo
b br
iefin
gs, s
elf-
and
peer
-che
ckin
g, a
nd p
rope
r do
cum
enta
tion
of a
ctiv
ities
, co
mm
ensu
rate
with
the
risk
of t
he a
ssig
ned
task
.
•M
ana g
emen
t def
ines
and
effe
ctiv
ely
com
mun
icat
es e
xpec
tatio
ns re
gard
ing
proc
edur
al
gy
pg
gp
com
plia
nce.
•M
anag
emen
t reg
ular
ly c
omm
unic
ates
the
impo
rtan
ce o
f per
sonn
el fo
llow
ing
proc
edur
es to
al
l em
ploy
ees
and
cont
ract
ors.
•W
ork
team
sco
mm
unic
ate
inde
pend
ento
fthe
irdi
rect
supe
rvis
orac
ross
wor
kgro
up•
Wor
k te
ams
com
mun
icat
e—in
depe
nden
t of t
heir
dire
ct s
uper
viso
r—ac
ross
wor
kgro
up
boun
dari
es w
ith o
ther
pla
nt w
orke
rs a
nd s
uper
visi
on in
the
com
plet
ion
of th
eir
wor
k as
sign
men
ts.
36
SC2
Basi
sfo
rD
ecis
ions
:Lea
ders
ensu
reth
atth
eba
sis
for
oper
atio
nala
nd
Effe
ctiv
e Sa
fety
Com
mun
icat
ion
(SC)
SC.2
Bas
is fo
r D
ecis
ions
: Lea
ders
ens
ure
that
the
basi
s fo
r op
erat
iona
l and
or
gani
zati
onal
dec
isio
ns is
com
mun
icat
ed in
a t
imel
y m
anne
r.
Prop
osed
Exa
mpl
es
•M
anag
emen
t com
mun
icat
es d
ecis
ions
and
the
basi
s fo
r de
cisi
ons
to p
erso
nnel
who
hav
e a
need
to k
now
that
info
rmat
ion
in o
rder
to p
erso
n w
ork
safe
ty, i
n a
timel
y m
anne
r.
•M
anag
emen
t com
mun
icat
es e
xpec
ted
outc
omes
, pot
entia
l pro
blem
s, p
lann
ed c
ontin
genc
ies,
an
d ab
ort c
rite
ria
for
impo
rtan
t ope
ratio
nal d
ecis
ions
pro
mpt
ly to
the
wor
kfor
ce.
pp
pp
y
•M
anag
emen
t sha
res
info
rmat
ion
on a
wid
e ra
nge
of is
sues
with
em
ploy
ees
and
peri
odic
ally
ch
ecks
wor
ker
unde
rsta
ndin
g of
thes
e co
mm
unic
atio
ns.
•Ex
ecut
ives
and
sen
ior
man
ager
s ar
e se
nsiti
ve to
uni
nten
ded
or c
onfli
ctin
g m
essa
ges
that
may
be
sent
duri
ngop
erat
iona
ldec
isio
nsth
atim
pact
prod
uctio
nbe
sen
t dur
ing
oper
atio
nal d
ecis
ions
that
impa
ct p
rodu
ctio
n.
•Su
perv
isor
s qu
estio
n st
atio
n de
cisi
on-m
aker
s to
fully
und
erst
and
the
basi
s of
ope
ratio
nal a
nd
man
agem
ent d
ecis
ions
that
app
ear t
o be
con
trar
y to
nuc
lear
saf
ety.
37
SC.3
Fre
e Fl
ow o
f Inf
orm
atio
n: In
divi
dual
s co
mm
unic
ate
open
ly a
nd
Effe
ctiv
e Sa
fety
Com
mun
icat
ion
(SC)
py
cand
idly
, bot
h up
, dow
n, a
nd a
cros
s th
e or
gani
zati
on, a
nd w
ith
over
sigh
t,
audi
t, a
nd re
gula
tory
org
aniz
atio
ns.
Prop
osed
Exam
ples
Prop
osed
Exa
mpl
es
•Pe
rson
nel b
ehav
iors
and
inte
ract
ions
enc
oura
ge fr
ee fl
ow o
f inf
orm
atio
n re
late
d to
rais
ing
nucl
ear s
afet
y is
sues
, diff
erin
g pr
ofes
sion
al o
pini
ons,
and
iden
tifyi
ng is
sues
in th
e CA
P an
d th
roug
h se
lf-as
sess
men
ts.
Si
dl
fi
hd
df
i•
Supe
rvis
ors
resp
ond
to e
mpl
oyee
saf
ety
conc
erns
in a
n op
en, h
ones
t, a
nd n
on-d
efen
sive
m
anne
r.
•Pe
rson
nel p
rovi
de c
ompl
ete,
acc
urat
e, a
nd fo
rthr
ight
info
rmat
ion
to o
vers
ight
, aud
it, a
nd
regu
lato
ry o
rgan
izat
ions
.
•Em
ploy
ee b
ehav
iors
and
inte
ract
ions
at a
ll le
vels
enc
oura
ge fr
ee fl
ow o
f inf
orm
atio
n in
suc
h ar
eas
as n
ucle
ar s
afet
y is
sues
, diff
erin
g pr
ofes
sion
al o
pini
ons,
and
iden
tific
atio
n of
issu
es in
to
the
CAP.
•St
atio
nm
anag
emen
tlis
tens
toem
ploy
eeco
ncer
nsan
dco
mm
unic
ates
open
lyw
ithal
lSt
atio
n m
anag
emen
t lis
tens
to e
mpl
oyee
con
cern
s an
d co
mm
unic
ates
ope
nly
with
all
pers
onne
l on
safe
ty is
sues
.
38
SC.4
Exp
ecta
tion
s: L
eade
rs fr
eque
ntly
com
mun
icat
e an
d re
info
rce
the
Effe
ctiv
e Sa
fety
Com
mun
icat
ion
(SC)
expe
ctat
ion
that
nuc
lear
saf
ety
is t
he o
rgan
izat
ion’
s ov
erri
ding
pri
orit
y.
Prop
osed
Exa
mpl
es•
Seni
or m
anag
ers
and
corp
orat
e ex
ecut
ives
com
mun
icat
e ex
pect
atio
ns o
n nu
clea
r sa
fety
so
that
per
sonn
el
unde
rsta
nd t
hat
safe
ty is
of t
he h
ighe
st p
rior
ity a
nd d
o no
t con
fuse
this
pri
ority
with
pro
duct
ion
goal
s.
•Th
ere
are
good
com
mun
icat
ions
abo
ut n
ucle
ar s
afet
y is
sues
that
aff
ect t
he jo
b an
d th
e w
ork
done
.
•Ex
ecut
ives
and
sen
ior
man
ager
s ex
ecut
e an
ong
oing
com
mun
icat
ion
stra
tegy
usi
ng m
ultip
le m
ediu
ms
and
mes
sage
s to
kee
p nu
clea
r sa
fety
vis
ible
to th
e w
orkf
orce
. Sha
re e
xam
ples
of h
ow in
divi
dual
beh
avio
rs c
an
itil
dti
lff
tl
ft
posi
tivel
y an
d ne
gativ
ely
affe
ct n
ucle
ar s
afet
y.
•M
anag
ers
and
supe
rvis
ors
com
mun
icat
e an
d te
ach
desi
red
nucl
ear
safe
ty b
ehav
iors
to th
e w
orkf
orce
. Sh
are
exam
ples
of h
ow in
divi
dual
s ca
n po
sitiv
ely
and
nega
tivel
y af
fect
nuc
lear
saf
ety.
Ver
ify th
at th
e in
tend
ed m
essa
ges
wer
e ac
tual
ly h
eard
and
und
erst
ood.
•M
anag
ers
and
supe
rvis
ors
cons
iste
ntly
rein
forc
enu
clea
rsa
fety
asth
eov
erri
ding
prio
rity
and
use
actu
al•
Man
ager
s an
d su
perv
isor
s co
nsis
tent
ly r
einf
orce
nuc
lear
saf
ety
as th
e ov
erri
ding
pri
ority
, and
use
act
ual
exam
ples
to e
xem
plify
des
ired
beha
vior
s. P
ublic
ly p
rais
e be
havi
ors
in p
eers
, col
leag
ues,
and
dire
ct r
epor
ts
that
ref
lect
a s
tron
g sa
fety
cul
ture
.
•Su
perv
isor
s en
sure
ass
igne
d su
pple
men
tal p
erso
nnel
und
erst
and
expe
cted
wor
k be
havi
ors
and
requ
ired
actio
ns a
ssoc
iate
d w
ith t
heir
jobs
to m
aint
ain
nucl
ear
safe
ty a
nd d
efen
se-in
-dep
th.
•Ex
ecut
ives
, man
ager
s an
d su
perv
isor
s pr
ovid
e ca
ndid
feed
back
to p
eopl
e an
d gr
oups
tha
t ar
e no
t de
mon
stra
ting
high
sta
ndar
ds.
39
Resp
ectf
ul W
ork
Envi
ronm
ent (
WE)
Trus
t an
d re
spec
t pe
rmea
te t
he o
rgan
izat
ion.
•W
E.1
Resp
ect i
s Ev
iden
t•
WE.
2 O
pini
ons
are
Valu
ed•
WE.
3 H
igh
Leve
l of T
rust
•W
E.4
Conf
lict R
esol
utio
n
Resp
ectf
ul W
ork
Envi
ronm
ent
40
Envi
ronm
ent
WE.
1Re
spec
tis
Evid
ent:
Ever
yone
istr
eate
dw
ith
dign
ity
and
resp
ect.
Resp
ectf
ul W
ork
Envi
ronm
ent (
WE)
WE.
1 Re
spec
t is
Evi
dent
: Eve
ryon
e is
trea
ted
wit
h di
gnit
y an
d re
spec
t.
Prop
osed
Exa
mpl
es
•Pe
ople
and
thei
r pr
ofes
sion
al c
apab
ilitie
s an
d ex
peri
ence
s ar
e re
gard
ed a
s th
e nu
clea
r or
gani
zatio
n’s
mos
t val
uabl
e as
set.
•Pe
ople
are
trea
ted
with
dig
nity
and
resp
ect b
y al
l lev
els
of th
e or
gani
zatio
n.
•Bu
llyin
g or
hum
iliat
ing
beha
vior
s ar
e no
t tol
erat
ed o
r de
mon
stra
ted
by le
ader
s-ei
ther
fo
rmal
lyor
info
rmal
lyfo
rmal
ly o
r in
form
ally
.
•Em
ploy
ee w
ork
spac
es a
re c
lean
, wel
l-sup
plie
d, a
nd w
ell-
mai
ntai
ned.
•W
ork
team
mem
bers
trea
t the
oth
er m
embe
rs w
ith re
spec
t.
•Po
licie
s an
d ex
pect
atio
ns a
re e
nfor
ced
fair
ly a
nd c
onsi
sten
tly fo
r al
l em
ploy
ees,
incl
udin
g m
anag
ers.
41
WE.
2 O
pini
ons
are
Valu
ed: I
ndiv
idua
ls a
re e
ncou
rage
d to
voi
ce c
once
rns,
Resp
ectf
ul W
ork
Envi
ronm
ent (
WE)
pg
,pr
ovid
e su
gges
tion
s, a
nd q
uest
ions
. Diff
erin
g op
inio
ns a
re re
spec
ted.
Prop
osed
Exa
mpl
es
•Em
ploy
ees
are
enco
urag
edto
offe
rin
nova
tive
idea
sco
ncer
nssu
gges
tions
diffe
ring
•Em
ploy
ees
are
enco
urag
ed to
offe
r in
nova
tive
idea
s, c
once
rns,
sug
gest
ions
, diff
erin
g op
inio
ns, a
nd q
uest
ions
to h
elp
iden
tify
and
solv
e pr
oble
ms.
•W
hen
solv
ing
prob
lem
s, ro
bust
dis
cuss
ions
and
hea
lthy
conf
lict a
re re
cogn
ized
as
a na
tura
l re
sult
of d
iffer
ence
s in
exp
ertis
e an
d ex
peri
ence
.
•Th
e in
sigh
ts a
nd fr
esh
pers
pect
ives
pro
vide
d by
qua
lity
assu
ranc
e, a
sses
smen
t, th
e em
ploy
ee
conc
erns
pro
gram
, and
inde
pend
ent o
vers
ight
per
sonn
el a
re v
alue
d.
•M
anag
ers,
sup
ervi
sors
and
sta
ff re
spec
t eac
h ot
her’
s ro
le in
dec
isio
n-m
akin
g.
42
WE.
3 H
igh
Leve
l of T
rust
: Tru
st is
fost
ered
am
ong
indi
vidu
als
and
Resp
ectf
ul W
ork
Envi
ronm
ent (
WE)
gg
wor
kgro
ups
thro
ugho
ut t
he o
rgan
izat
ion.
Prop
osed
Exa
mpl
es
•Tr
usti
sev
iden
tbet
wee
nle
ader
san
dw
orke
rsle
ader
san
dlin
eor
gani
atio
nsan
d•
Trus
t is
evid
ent b
etw
een
lead
ers
and
wor
kers
; lea
ders
and
line
org
aniz
atio
ns; a
nd
orga
niza
tions
.
•M
anag
ers
and
supe
rvis
ors
resp
ond
to e
mpl
oyee
que
stio
ns in
an
open
and
hon
est m
anne
r.
•Th
ere
is o
pen
shar
ing
of in
form
atio
n su
ch a
s im
port
ant p
lant
info
rmat
ion
and
chan
ges
that
ar
e ex
pect
ed.
•Pe
rfor
man
ce is
sues
with
em
ploy
ees
are
hand
led
dire
ctly
with
em
ploy
ees
and
not d
iscu
ssed
“b
ehin
d th
eir
back
.”
•St
atio
nle
ader
sac
cept
perf
orm
ance
feed
back
and
chan
geth
eir
beha
vior
Stat
ion
lead
ers
acce
pt p
erfo
rman
ce fe
edba
ck a
nd c
hang
e th
eir
beha
vior
.
43
WE.
4 Co
nflic
t Re
solu
tion
: Fai
r an
d ob
ject
ive
met
hods
are
use
d to
reso
lve
Resp
ectf
ul W
ork
Envi
ronm
ent (
WE)
jco
nflic
t.
Prop
osed
Exa
mpl
es
•W
hen
need
edfa
iran
dob
ject
ive
met
hods
such
as“d
ispu
tere
solu
tion
”ar
eav
aila
ble
to•
Whe
n ne
eded
, fai
r an
d ob
ject
ive
met
hods
, suc
h as
“di
sput
e re
solu
tion,
” ar
e av
aila
ble
to
reso
lve
conf
lict a
nd u
nset
tled
diffe
ring
pro
fess
iona
l opi
nion
s.
•W
hen
man
agem
ent r
esol
ve c
onfli
cts,
out
com
es a
re p
erce
ived
as
fair
and
reas
onab
le.
•Co
nflic
t is
resp
ectf
ully
and
pro
fess
iona
lly re
solv
ed.
44
Idi
idl
idl
dti
l
Que
stio
ning
Att
itud
e (Q
A)
Indi
vidu
als
avoi
d co
mpl
acen
cy a
nd c
onti
nuou
sly
chal
leng
e ex
isti
ng c
ondi
tion
s an
d ac
tivi
ties
in o
rder
to
iden
tify
disc
repa
ncie
sth
atm
ight
resu
ltin
erro
ror
iden
tify
dis
crep
anci
es th
at m
ight
resu
lt in
err
or o
r in
appr
opri
ate
acti
on.
QA
1N
li
Ri
dS
il
•Q
A.1
Nuc
lear
is R
ecog
nize
d as
Spe
cial
an
d U
niqu
e•
QA
.2 C
halle
nge
the
Unk
now
n•
QA
3Ch
alle
nge
Ass
umpt
ions
•Q
A.3
Cha
lleng
e A
ssum
ptio
ns•
QA
.4 A
void
Com
plac
ency
Que
stio
ning
45
Que
sto
gA
ttit
ude
QA
.1 N
ucle
ar Is
Rec
ogni
zed
as S
peci
al a
nd U
niqu
e: In
divi
dual
s un
ders
tand
Que
stio
ning
Att
itud
e (Q
A)
Qg
pq
that
com
plex
tech
nolo
gies
can
fail
in u
npre
dict
able
way
s.
Prop
osed
Exa
mpl
es
•A
ctiv
ities
that
coul
daf
fect
core
reac
tivity
are
cond
ucte
dw
ithpa
rtic
ular
care
and
caut
ion
•A
ctiv
ities
that
cou
ld a
ffect
cor
e re
activ
ity a
re c
ondu
cted
with
par
ticul
ar c
are
and
caut
ion.
•Fe
atur
es d
esig
ned
to m
aint
ain
criti
cal s
afet
y fu
nctio
ns, s
uch
as c
ore
cool
ing,
are
reco
gniz
ed
as p
artic
ular
ly im
port
ant.
•Ex
ecut
ives
and
sen
ior
man
ager
s as
k qu
estio
ns to
fully
und
erst
and
anom
alie
s in
pla
nt
cond
ition
s, e
spec
ially
how
rig
orou
sly
and
the
exte
nt to
whi
ch th
ese
anom
alie
s ar
e in
vest
igat
ed. C
halle
nge
line
man
ager
s to
fully
reso
lve
degr
aded
con
ditio
ns, e
spec
ially
thos
e of
nuc
lear
saf
ety
equi
pmen
t.
•Ex
ecut
ives
and
sen
ior
man
a ger
s re
info
rce
the
expe
ctat
ion
that
the
reac
tor
be s
hut d
own
gp
whe
n pr
oced
ural
ly re
quire
d, w
hen
the
mar
gin
for
safe
ope
ratio
n ha
s de
grad
ed u
nacc
epta
bly,
or
whe
n th
e co
nditi
on o
f the
reac
tor
is u
ncer
tain
.
46
QA
.2 C
halle
nge
the
Unk
now
n: In
divi
dual
s st
op w
hen
face
d w
ith
unce
rtai
n
Que
stio
ning
Att
itud
e (Q
A)
Qg
pco
ndit
ions
. Ris
ks a
re e
valu
ated
and
man
aged
bef
ore
proc
eedi
ng.
Prop
osed
Exa
mpl
es
•M
anag
ers
rein
forc
eex
pect
atio
nsto
supe
rvis
ors
and
fron
tlin
ew
orke
rsto
take
the
time
todo
•M
anag
ers
rein
forc
e ex
pect
atio
ns to
sup
ervi
sors
and
fron
t-lin
e w
orke
rs to
take
the
time
to d
o th
e jo
b ri
ght t
he fi
rst t
ime
and
to s
eek
advi
ce w
hen
unsu
re. R
einf
orce
the
expe
ctat
ion
to s
top
whe
n pl
ant c
ondi
tions
do
not m
atch
exp
ecte
d re
spon
ses
duri
ng fi
eld
evol
utio
ns.
•Su
perv
isor
s re
info
rce
the
perf
orm
ance
of j
ob-s
ite re
view
s to
iden
tify
and
corr
ect c
ondi
tions
th
at c
ould
impe
de th
e sa
fe c
ompl
etio
n of
the
assi
gned
task
or
the
safe
ope
ratio
n of
the
plan
t.
•U
nant
icip
ated
test
resu
lts a
re c
halle
nged
, not
ratio
naliz
ed. F
or e
xam
ple,
abn
orm
al in
dica
tions
ar
e no
t att
ribu
ted
to in
dica
tion
prob
lem
s, b
ut a
re th
orou
ghly
inve
stig
ated
bef
ore
a pr
oced
ure
or w
ork
docu
men
t is
allo
wed
to c
ontin
ue.
•U
nexp
ecte
d pl
ant c
ondi
tions
or
resp
onse
s ar
e co
mm
unic
ated
to th
e co
ntro
l roo
m fo
r ev
alua
tion
prio
r to
con
tinua
tion
of w
ork
activ
ities
.
•If
a pr
oced
ure
or w
ork
docu
men
t is
uncl
ear
or c
anno
t be
perf
orm
ed a
s w
ritt
en, w
ork
is
stop
ped
until
the
issu
eis
reso
lved
byth
eap
prop
riat
ele
velo
fman
agem
ent
stop
ped
until
the
issu
e is
reso
lved
by
the
appr
opri
ate
leve
l of m
anag
emen
t.
•Pe
rson
nel s
top
wor
k ac
tiviti
es w
hen
conf
ront
ed w
ith a
n un
expe
cted
con
ditio
n an
d re
solv
e th
e co
nditi
on w
ith s
uper
viso
rs a
nd, a
s ap
prop
riat
e, s
yste
m a
nd e
quip
men
t exp
erts
pri
or to
co
ntin
uing
wor
k ac
tiviti
es.
47
QA
.3 C
halle
nge
Ass
umpt
ions
: Ind
ivid
uals
cha
lleng
e as
sum
ptio
ns a
nd o
ffer
Que
stio
ning
Att
itud
e (Q
A)
Qg
pg
pop
posi
ng v
iew
s w
hen
they
thin
k so
met
hing
is n
ot c
orre
ct.
Prop
osed
Exa
mpl
es
•D
ialo
gue
and
deba
tear
een
cour
aged
whe
nev
alua
ting
nucl
ears
afet
yis
sues
•D
ialo
gue
and
deba
te a
re e
ncou
rage
d w
hen
eval
uatin
g nu
clea
r saf
ety
issu
es
•In
divi
dual
con
trib
utor
s qu
estio
n st
atio
n de
cisi
on-m
aker
s to
fully
und
erst
and
the
base
s of
op
erat
iona
l and
man
agem
ent d
ecis
ions
that
app
ear t
o be
con
trar
y to
nuc
lear
saf
ety.
•M
anag
ers
ques
tion
anal
ysis
ass
umpt
ions
dur
ing
deci
sion
-mak
ing.
•M
anag
ers
ques
tion
deci
sion
-mak
ing
and
just
ifica
tions
that
app
ear t
o no
t con
side
r nu
clea
r sa
fety
impa
cts
suff
icie
ntly
.
48
QA
.4 A
void
Com
plac
ency
: Ind
ivid
uals
reco
gniz
e an
d pl
an fo
r th
e po
ssib
ility
Que
stio
ning
Att
itud
e (Q
A)
of m
ista
kes,
late
nt p
robl
ems,
or
inhe
rent
ris
k, e
ven
whi
le e
xpec
ting
su
cces
sful
out
com
es.
Prop
osed
Exa
mpl
es
•Pr
oced
ure
prer
equi
site
s ar
e ve
rifie
d by
the
indi
vidu
al a
utho
rizi
ng th
e w
ork,
not
ass
umed
to
be m
et b
ased
on
gene
ral p
lant
con
ditio
ns.
•In
divi
dual
con
trib
utor
s pe
rfor
m a
revi
ew o
f the
wor
k si
te to
iden
tify
and
corr
ect j
ob-s
ite
cond
ition
sth
atar
eno
tas
expe
cted
orth
atpo
tent
ially
impa
ctth
esa
feco
mpl
etio
nof
the
cond
ition
s th
at a
re n
ot a
s ex
pect
ed o
r th
at p
oten
tially
impa
ct th
e sa
fe c
ompl
etio
n of
the
assi
gned
task
.
•In
divi
dual
con
trib
utor
s ta
ke th
e tim
e to
do
the
job
righ
t the
firs
t tim
e an
d se
ek a
dvic
e w
hen
unsu
re. S
top
if pl
ant c
ondi
tions
are
not
as
expe
cted
.
•Su
perv
isor
s an
d in
divi
dual
con
trib
utor
s as
k, “
Wha
t is
the
mos
t lik
ely
unde
sire
d co
nseq
uenc
e of
this
act
ion?
” to
val
idat
e ap
prop
riat
e co
ntin
genc
y ac
tions
and
to e
nsur
e op
erat
iona
l and
nu
clea
r saf
ety
impa
cts
are
appr
opri
atel
y id
entif
ied
prio
r to
beg
inni
ng w
ork.
49
Di
ih
ffl
f
Dec
isio
n M
akin
g (D
M)
Dec
isio
ns th
at s
uppo
rt o
r af
fect
nuc
lear
saf
ety
are
syst
emat
ic, r
igor
ous,
and
thor
ough
.
•D
M.1
Con
sist
ent
Proc
ess
•D
M.2
Cons
erva
tive
Bias
DM
.2 C
onse
rvat
ive
Bias
•D
M.3
Acc
ount
abili
ty fo
r Dec
isio
ns
Dec
isio
n M
akin
g
50
g
DM
1Co
nsis
tent
Proc
ess:
Indi
vidu
als
use
aco
nsis
tent
syst
emat
icap
proa
ch
Dec
isio
n M
akin
g (D
M)
DM
.1 C
onsi
sten
t Pr
oces
s: In
divi
dual
s us
e a
cons
iste
nt, s
yste
mat
ic a
ppro
ach
to m
ake
deci
sion
s. R
isk
insi
ghts
are
inco
rpor
ated
as
appr
opri
ate.
Prop
osed
Exa
mpl
es
•M
anag
emen
t mak
es s
afet
y-si
gnifi
cant
or
risk
-sig
nific
ant d
ecis
ions
usi
ng a
sys
tem
atic
pro
cess
.
•Ri
sk in
sigh
ts a
re c
onsi
dere
d in
the
deci
sion
-mak
ing
proc
ess.
•In
terd
isci
plin
ary
inpu
ts o
r re
view
s ar
e so
ught
whe
n m
akin
g sa
fety
-or
risk
-sig
nific
ant
di
ide
cisi
ons.
•Ef
fect
iven
ess
revi
ews
of s
afet
y-si
gnifi
cant
dec
isio
ns a
re c
ondu
cted
to d
eter
min
e ho
w to
im
prov
e fu
ture
dec
isio
ns.
•W
hen
prev
ious
ope
ratio
nal d
ecis
ions
are
cal
led
into
que
stio
n by
new
fact
s, d
ecis
ions
are
re
view
ed to
impr
ove
the
qual
ity o
f fut
ure
deci
sion
s.
•Th
ere
is a
form
al d
ecis
ion
mak
ing
proc
ess
expe
cted
to b
e us
ed b
y em
ploy
ees.
•Th
e de
cisi
on m
akin
g pr
oces
s is
und
erst
ood
by a
ll em
ploy
ees.
The
pro
cess
is d
efin
ed a
nd is
co
nsis
tent
lyus
edw
ithva
riat
ions
allo
wed
for
the
com
plex
ityof
the
issu
ebe
ing
deci
ded
cons
iste
ntly
use
d w
ith v
aria
tions
allo
wed
for
the
com
plex
ity o
f the
issu
e be
ing
deci
ded.
51
DM
.2 C
onse
rvat
ive
Bias
: Ind
ivid
uals
use
dec
isio
n m
akin
g pr
acti
ces
that
Dec
isio
n M
akin
g (D
M)
gp
emph
asiz
e pr
uden
t ch
oice
s ov
er t
hose
tha
t are
sim
ply
allo
wab
le. A
pr
opos
ed a
ctio
n is
det
erm
ined
to b
e sa
fe in
ord
er to
pro
ceed
, rat
her
than
un
safe
in o
rder
to s
top.
Pr
opos
ed E
xam
ples
•Le
ader
s de
mon
stra
te h
ow a
pro
pose
d ac
tion
is s
afe
befo
re p
roce
edin
g, ra
ther
than
de
mon
stra
ting
that
it is
uns
afe
so a
s to
sto
p an
act
ion.
Si
df
tli
kh
dlt
hd
ld
kith
t•
Supe
rvis
ors
and
fron
t-lin
e w
orke
rs h
andl
e em
erge
nt o
r un
sche
dule
d w
ork
with
ext
rem
e ca
utio
n.
•Su
perv
isor
s ta
ke a
con
serv
ativ
e ap
proa
ch to
dec
isio
n-m
akin
g pa
rtic
ular
ly w
hen
info
rmat
ion
is
inco
mpl
ete
or c
ondi
tions
are
off
-nor
mal
or
anom
alou
s.
•D
ecis
ions
con
side
r bo
th lo
ng-t
erm
con
sequ
ence
s as
wel
l as
the
imm
edia
te p
rese
ntin
g pr
oble
m.
•M
anag
ers
dem
onst
rate
a b
ias
for
actio
n to
fully
reso
lve
degr
aded
con
ditio
ns.
•M
anag
ers
ensu
reth
atth
ere
acto
rw
illbe
shut
dow
nw
hen
proc
edur
ally
requ
ired
whe
nth
e•
Man
ager
s en
sure
that
the
reac
tor
will
be
shut
dow
n w
hen
proc
edur
ally
requ
ired,
whe
n th
e m
argi
n fo
r sa
fe o
pera
tion
has
degr
aded
una
ccep
tabl
y, o
r w
hen
the
cond
ition
of t
he re
acto
r is
un
cert
ain.
52
Dec
isio
n M
akin
g (D
M)
DM
.3 A
ccou
ntab
ility
for
Dec
isio
ns: S
ingl
e-po
int
acco
unta
bilit
y is
mai
ntai
ned
for
nucl
ear
safe
ty d
ecis
ions
.
Prop
osed
Exa
mpl
es
•M
anag
emen
t for
mal
ly d
efin
es th
e au
thor
ity a
nd ro
les
for
deci
sion
s af
fect
ing
nucl
ear s
afet
y,
com
mun
icat
es th
ese
role
s to
app
licab
le p
erso
nnel
, and
impl
emen
ts th
ese
role
s an
d au
thor
ities
asde
sign
edau
thor
ities
as
desi
gned
.
•O
pera
tions
are
ves
ted
with
the
auth
ority
to p
lace
the
plan
t in
a sa
fe c
ondi
tion
whe
n fa
ced
with
une
xpec
ted
or u
ncer
tain
con
ditio
ns.
•Si
ngle
-poi
nt a
ccou
ntab
ility
is m
aint
aine
d fo
r im
port
ant s
afet
y de
cisi
ons.
•Im
port
ant n
ucle
ar s
afet
y de
cisi
ons
are
mad
e at
the
corr
ect l
evel
.
•D
ecis
ions
are
typi
cally
mad
e at
the
low
est l
evel
allo
wed
by
polic
ies,
pro
cedu
res
and
prac
tices
.
53
