ELEMENTARY A2

Virginia Evans-Jenny Dooley

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Contents

types of jobs; job qualities; jobroutines; daily routines; free-timeactivities; chores; the time

jobs; nationalities; words relatedto battles; types of houses;rooms; furniture/appliances/features; museum objects

holiday activities; entertainment;means of transport; festiveactivities

weather & seasons; geographicalterms; measurements; animals –parts of the body

types of disasters; parts of thebody; types of accidents

illnesses & cures; medicalprofessions & workplaces;emergency services;healthy/unhealthy lifestyles

dishes; desserts; drinks; places toeat; ways to cook; types ofshops; products; clothes;shopping habits & money

hobbies & personalities; sports &equipment; places for sports;films; reviews; types ofentertainment

objects (characteristics/uses);inventions & inventors;computers

space; solar system; UFOs; thesupernatural; environmentalissues

ñ an article about a shark scientistñ arranging a meeting (dialogue)ñ a quizñ an email about summer activitiesñ Culture Clip: School of the Air

ñ a biographyñ weekend activities (dialogue)ñ an article (types of houses)ñ Literature Corner: The Oompa-Loompa

Song

ñ an internet holiday advertisementñ discussing a holiday with a travel agent

(dialogue)ñ a homepage about festivalsñ a letter from a holiday resortñ Culture Clip: Orlando, Florida

ñ a weather forecastñ Record Breaking Geographyñ buying a pet (dialogue)ñ a letter of adviceñ Curricular Cuts: The Himalayas

ñ diary entriesñ narrating an experience (dialogue)ñ a newspaper articleñ a story ñ Culture Clip: The Great Plague

ñ a cartoon stripñ at the chemist’s/dentist’s (dialogues)ñ a weekly advice columnñ an essay about exam stressñ Curricular Cuts: Micro-oganisms on your body

ñ noticesñ deciding on a present (dialogue)ñ comments on a message boardñ a restaurant reviewñ Culture Clip: Great National Dishes

ñ people’s profiles for a contestñ noticesñ deciding on where to go (dialogue)ñ an email about a musical sb sawñ Literature Corner: The Prisoner of Zenda

ñ advertisementsñ a ‘timeline’ quiz about inventionsñ asking for help (dialogue)ñ an essay about computers at workñ Culture Clip: International Spy Museum

ñ an article about extra-terrestrialsñ a visit to a haunted house (dialogue)ñ an article about the environmentñ a story ñ Curricular Cuts: Stars

Special Days: Earth Day (pp. 106-107); Mother’s Day (pp.108-109); Song Sheets (pp. 110-114); Pairwork Activities (pp. 115-118);Word Perfect (pp. 119-123); Grammar Check (pp. 124-133); Grammar Reference (pp. 133-139);

ñ jobsñ daily activitiesñ weekend activities

ñ famous peopleñ past experiencesñ types of housesñ museums

ñ holidaysñ transportñ festivals

ñ weatherñ geographical

featuresñ animal kingdom

ñ disastersñ accidentsñ precautions

ñ health problemsñ medical

professionsñ lifestyles

ñ food & drinksñ shops & productsñ money

ñ character qualitiesñ sportsñ entertainment

ñ gadgetsñ inventorsñ technology

ñ spaceñ unexplained

mysteriesñ environment

UNIT 1(pp. 6-13)

UNIT 2(pp.14-21)

UNIT 3(pp. 26-33)

UNIT 4 (pp. 34-41)

UNIT 5(pp. 46-53)

UNIT 6(pp. 54-61)

UNIT 7(pp. 66-73)

UNIT 8(pp. 74-81)

UNIT 9(pp. 86-93)

UNIT 10(pp. 94-101)

Self-Assessment Module 1 (pp. 22-23) – Across the Curriculum 1 (p. 24) – Life in Tudor times (History)

Self-Assessment Module 2 (pp. 42-43) – Across the Curriculum 2 (p. 44) – WWF for a living planet (Citizenship)

Self-Assessment Module 3 (pp. 62-63) – Across the Curriculum 3 (p. 64) – Volcanoes (Geography)

Self-Assessment Module 4 (pp. 82-83) – Across the Curriculum 4 (p. 84) – Budgeting (PSHE)

Self-Assessment Module 5 (pp. 102-103) – Across the Curriculum 5 (p. 104) – The Flowers (Literature)

ReadingTopics Vocabulary

discussing types of jobs; discussingdaily routines; arranging a meeting;requesting; making suggestions

asking/giving personal information;talking about past experiences;talking about past habits

discussing your holiday to Mexico;reacting to bad news; catching upon news

asking/giving/refusing permission;expressing intonation; giving advice

narrating past experiences;discussing a bad day; giving news &reacting

talking about health problems;asking for medicine

ordering food at a takeaway; makea shopping list; buying things

expressing agreement/disagreement (so–nor); talkingabout evenings out

describing objects; offering/accepting/refusing help

an interview about extra-terrestrialcreatures; exchanging opinions;narrating a story

present simple; presentcontinuous; adverbs offrequency; presentcontinous (futuremeaning) – going to

past simple; wh-questions; used to

present perfect; presentperfect vs past simple

comparatives/superlatives;the definite article(“the”); plurals

past continuous vs pastsimple; reflexivepronouns; mustn’t–can;past perfect; linkers

Conditionals Type 0 & 1;must, mustn’t; need,needn’t; should,shouldn’t

countable – uncountablenouns; quantifiers;containers; going to vswill

infinitive; -ing form; -ing/-ed participles

order of adjectives; thepassive; question tags

reported speech(statements, questions,commands); relatives

ñ a leaflet about jobsñ description of photographsñ an email about what you are

doing this summerñ an article about a school in your

country

ñ a short biographyñ a history quizñ a poster about life in the pastñ a descriptive article about a visit

to a museum

ñ an internet holiday advertñ a cruise advertñ a homepage about festivalsñ a letter from a holiday resort

ñ a weather forecastñ a poster about geographical

features in your countryñ a poster about a missing petñ a letter of advice

ñ diary entriesñ a leafletñ a news reportñ a story

ñ a cartoon stripñ rulesñ letters asking for & giving

adviceñ an article making suggestions

ñ a restaurant advertñ a noteñ comments for a message boardñ a restaurant review

ñ your own profile for a contestñ a sports centre posterñ a review of a performanceñ an email recommending a film

ñ an advertisementñ fact files about inventionsñ a noteñ a for-and-against essay

ñ a short storyñ a cartoon stripñ a summaryñ a story

ñ completing an advertñ matching people to

weekend activitiesñ Pronunciation: word

stress

ñ completing informationabout a concert

ñ matching people torooms

ñ Pronunciation: “e”

ñ matching people toactivities

ñ multiple choicequestions

ñ Intonation: reactingto bad news

ñ note takingñ matching people to

activitiesñ Pronunciation:

homophones

ñ note takingñ predicting contentñ Pronunciation: /∑/

ñ note takingñ Intonation:

conditional sentences

ñ note takingñ matching people to

shopsñ Pronunciation: /æ/-/∞/;

/s/-/∏/

ñ matching people tosports

ñ Pronunciation:stressed syllables

ñ note takingñ multiple choiceñ identifying moodñ Intonation: question

tags

ñ note takingñ predicting contentñ Pronunciation: /h/

American English-British English Guide (p. 140); Irregular Verbs (p. 141); Word List (pp. 142-152)

3

Grammar Listening Speaking Writing

Upstream Elementary is a modular secondary-level course forlearners of the English language at CEF A2 level. The series

combines active English learning with a variety of lively topicspresented in themed units.

Student’s BookWorkbook (Student’s)

Teacher’s Book

Class CDsStudent’s CD

Test BookletMy Language Portfolio

CD-ROM

Interactive Whiteboard

CD

WorkbookTeacher’s Book

ñ Tudor Kings & Queens

� write ...ñ descriptions of

photographsñ an email to a friend

about what you aredoing this summer

ñ an article about a schoolin your country

ñ a short biographyñ an article about a visit

to a museum

� Look at Module 1

ñ Find the page numbers for pictures 1-5.

� Find the unit and page number(s) for

ñ a biographyñ a job advertisementñ a songñ diary entriesñ a history quizñ an email

In this Module you will ...

� listen, read and talk about ...

ñ jobs & personal qualitiesñ daily & free-time activitiesñ famous people of the past & their

achievementsñ nationalitiesñ feelingsñ houses & furniture

� learn how to ...

ñ describe people’s jobsñ talk about your daily routineñ make & respond to requestsñ ask for/give personal informationñ make/respond to suggestionsñ talk about past experiences

� practise ...

ñ present simple & adverbs of frequencyñ present continuousñ present continuous (future meaning) &

going toñ past simpleñ used to

� do a project about ...

ñ jobs in your countryñ a history quizñ life in the past

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Culture Clip: School of the Air

Literature Corner: Charlie & the Chocolate Factory

(The Oompa–loompa Song)

Across the Curriculum: (History) Life in Tudor Times

Reading

1 Read the title, the introduction and the questions in thetext. What is the text about? Listen, read and check.

2 a. Read the text. What do these numbers referto? ñ 15 ñ 350 ñ 10 ñ 12

b. Mark the statements R (right), W (wrong) or DS (doesn’t say). Then, explain the wordsin bold.

1 Daniel sometimes works indoors.2 Shark scientists usually get an excellent salary.3 Sharks eat other sea creatures.4 People often kill sharks for fun.5 Shark scientists can find a job easily.

Sharks terrify most of us, but Daniel Weaver, shark scientist, swims withthem for a living! We asked him some questions about his curious career.

So Daniel, what’s it like to be a sharkscientist?

Well, it’s an extremely rewarding job. I often

travel to faraway places like South Africa and Fiji

to study sharks. We attach tags to them and

follow them by satellite. Then, I analyse the dataand discover new and amazing things about the

sharks. It’s very exciting! On the other hand, a

shark scientist sometimes does boring desk

work, such as writing reports. Also, shark

scientists don’t usually get paid a lot.

What qualities do you need tobecome a shark scientist?

Shark scientists need to

be intelligent and

physically fit. They

enjoy working

outdoors and they

have to be calm and patient. They also have to

be quite brave!

So do you think it’s a dangerous job?Well, sharks have up to 15 rows of sharp teeth,

extremely strong jaws and excellent senses. They

also swim very fast! However, sharks rarely attack

humans. There are over 350 species of sharks in

the world and only about 10 are dangerous to us.

In fact, dogs kill more people every year than

sharks! Humans kill over 12 million sharks a year

for food and sport!

How do you become a shark scientist?

A shark scientist usually studies Marine Scienceor Zoology at university. It’s also good to get

some work experience in an aquarium. It’s not

an easy job, but sharks are beautiful, fascinating

creatures. In my opinion, I have the best job in

the world!

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Speaking

3 Make notes under the questions in the text.Use them to give a summary of the text.

ñ bank clerk ñ waiter ñ lawyer ñ bus driverñ security guard ñ shop assistant ñ writerñ hairdresser ñ bodyguard ñ mechanic ñ nurseñ journalist ñ pilot ñ secretary ñ receptionistñ firefighter ñ graphic designer ñ teacher

6 Which qualities are necessary for each job?

ñ intelligent ñ brave ñ physically fit ñ calmñ reliable ñ friendly ñ patient ñ politeñ creative ñ imaginative ñ skilful ñ caring

A bank clerk needs to be reliable, polite and patient.

Listening

9 Look at the job advert and predict whatkind of answer you expect for each gap (1-5). Listen and fill in the gaps.

Grammar Reference

Exploring Grammar� Present Simple

8 a. Which tense do we use to expressroutines/habits – permanent states? Findexamples in the text.

b. In pairs, ask and answer questionsabout the text.

A: Does a shark scientist travel a lot?B: Yes, he/she does.

10 Portfolio: Imagine you are producing aleaflet to help local students choose acareer. Write a short description of fivejobs. Add pictures and titles. Present yourleaflet to the class.

Firefighters work shifts. Their job is dangerous anddifficult and they don’t get good salaries. However, itis a rewarding job as they save people’s lives. Theyhave to be physically fit, calm and brave.

(a leaflet)

Hollingsworth Secondary School,

Colchester,

Qualified teacher required to teach science to pupils

from year 7 to .

The school is well-known for its motivated pupils,

highly-qualified staff and excellent .

Permanent -time position.

Available from September or .

For an application form and further details call

129458.5 |

4 |

3 |

2 |

1 |

0 | Essex

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Vocabulary� Jobs

4 Which of the adjectives below can describethe job of a shark scientist, doctor, teacher,

detective, porter? Tell the class. Give reasons.

ñ interesting ñ exciting ñ dangerousñ stressful ñ boring ñ relaxing ñ difficultñ demanding ñ tiring ñ rewarding

I think a shark scientist’s job is interesting becausethey travel to faraway places.

7 Use the phrases below to tell your partnerthree facts about one of the jobs in Ex. 5.Your partner has to guess the job.

A: They usually work 9 to 5. They use a computer.They don’t work outdoors.

B: Are they secretaries?

WORK OUTDOORS

start early in the morning

work indoorswork 9 to 5

work part-time

work shiftsGET GOOD SALARIES

work long hours

TRAVEL A LOT

wear a uniform

use a computer

work with their hands

Pronunciation (word stress)

5 Listen and underline the stressed syllables.Listen again and repeat.

8

1 Which of the activities abovedo you rarely/often/sometimes/usually/always do? Which doyou do every day/morning/afternoon? once/twice a week? atweekends?

I always get up early on weekdays.I catch the bus to school everymorning. I meet my friends once aweek.

2 Listen to the sound andsay four things younormally do after youhear it. Compare youranswers with yourpartner’s.

1b

Vocabulary� Daily activities

ChoresDo you ... ?vacuum the floor

make the beds

mow the lawn

walk the dog

take out the rubbish

iron the clothes

do the shopping

do the washing up

dust the furniture

Do you ... ?get up early on

weekdays

have (a big)breakfast/lunch/dinner

catch the bus toschool/work

go to bed late

do homework

work out in the gym

Routines

Free timeDo you ... ?read newspapers/magazines/books

go to the zoo

listen to music

play sports

meet friends

watch DVDs

go jogging

3 What is a typical day for you? Use the time phrases to write down your daily routine. In pairs, compare your lists.

A: What time do you get up?B: At 7 o’clock. And you?A: Well, I get up at half past

seven. etc

Listening & Reading

4 Listen and repeat. The sentences are from adialogue between two friends. What do you thinkthe dialogue is about?

ñ Long time no see! ñ I’d love to catch up. ñ Never mind. ñ Are you free tonight? ñ What about Friday evening? ñ Friday’s no good for me. ñ Oh, what a shame! ñ What are you doing now? ñ Are you kidding? ñ Let’s meet now then!

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Everyday English� Requests

11 In pairs, use the table below to makeexchanges. Use phrases from Chores p. 8.

Speaking

6 Work in pairs. Call your friend to find outhow he/she is and arrange to meet. Use thesentences in Ex. 4 to act out your dialogue.

7 Which tense expresses: a habit/routine?actions happening now/temporary actions?Find examples in the dialogue.

1 She goes to work by car every weekday.2 He’s cooking pasta now.3 He’s living with Ann until he finds a flat.

Making Requests Respondingñ Can you please ...?

Could you ...?ñ Would you mind

(verb + -ing) ...?

ñ Yes, of course.ñ Sorry, I can’t. I’m ...ñ No problem. I’m ...ñ I’m afraid not. I’m ...

A: Can you please take out the rubbish?B: Yes, of course.

Grammar Reference

Exploring Grammar� Present Continuous vs

Present Simple

8 Choose one picture from those on p. 8.Describe it to your partner. Make onemistake. Your partner corrects it.

It’s 7:00 in the morning. They are having lunch. Theylook happy. etc

10 Use the following to make sentences: now,every, on Mondays, at the moment, on Sundayevenings, usually, never

12 Portfolio: Find pictures of you/your familydoing some activities. Write a shortdescription of each. Write: ñ who they areñ where they are ñ what they are doing/wearingñ how often they do so

9 Listen and underline the correct sound.Ask and answer.

1 Bob: water plants/vacuum carpet2 Mary: play tennis/play the guitar3 Susan: cut the grass/ride a motorbike4 Tim & Ann: listen to music/watch TV

A: Is Bob watering the plants?B: No, he isn’t. He’s vacuuming the carpet.

Laura: Hi, Sally – it’s Laura!Sally: 1) .........................................................................

Laura: Well, things are really busy but I’m fine. Listen, I’dlove to catch up. Are you free tonight?

Sally: 2) .........................................................................Laura: Erm ... no, Friday’s no good for me. I always play

tennis then.Sally: 3) .........................................................................

Laura: Me too ... Hey, what are you doing now?Sally: 4) .........................................................................

Laura: Are you kidding? Me too!Sally: 5) .........................................................................

Laura: Great! See you in ten minutes at the Circus Café!

A Erm ... Well, I don’t want to go to bedlate. I get up really early on weekdays.What about Friday evening?

B I don’t think so. Are you free onMonday?

C Never mind. We can meet some othertime.

D I’m just doing a bit of shopping intown.

E I’m doing my homework.F Well, let’s meet now then!G Laura! Long time no see! How are you?H Oh, what a shame! I’d love to see you.

5 Complete the dialogue. For spaces 1-5, choose the correct sentences (A-H). Listen and check.

Imagine a crazy zoo. What are the animals doing?Play in teams.

Team A S1: The zebras are talking on the phone.

going camping relaxing at home

going swimming

renting DVDscooking for friends

going to the cinema visiting relatives eating out

Categorising vocabulary

Sorting new words into different categories can

help you remember them better.

1 In pairs, sort the activities into thecategories below. Think of more free-timeactivities to add.

renting DVDs

Vocabulary� Weekend activities

having a barbecue going dancing

10

1c

Reading

2 a. Look at the title of the quiz. What does it mean? Which of the following adjectives best describe a party animal/a home bird?

ñ outgoing ñ sociable ñ quiet ñ popularñ shy ñ friendly

1 A classmate is having a party on Saturday.What are you going to do?A You’re going to stay in.There’s a great film

on TV!B You’re going to go, but you’re not crazy about

the idea.C You’re definitely going to go.You can’t wait!

2 You’re going to a wedding reception and youdon’t know many people.How do you feel?A Horrible.You really don’t want to go.B A bit nervous,but you’re going to try to

be sociable.C Great! You love meeting new people!

3 Your parents are going away this weekend.What are you going to do?A You’re going to rent DVDs and relax at home.B A few close friends are coming over and you’re

having a barbecue in the garden.C You’re going dancing with friends.

4 Your friend calls to invite you out for coffee butyou’re comfortable on the sofa and a little bittired.What are you going to do?A You’re not moving.You really don’t want

to go out!B You’re going to invite your friend over.

You can have a coffee at home!C You’re going! The night is young.

b. What type of person are you?Do the quiz to find out.

Mostly As: Just because you like staying in, it doesn’t meanyou can’t have company. Share your sofa with friends sometime or go out for a cosy meal!Mostly Bs: You are friendly and popular, but sometimes youjust want to stay at home. Good for you! You don’t alwayshave to go out to have a good time!Mostly Cs: You’re the life and soul of the party andeveryone’s best friend. Just be careful not to tire yourself out.Why not relax at home once in a while or invite friends overto your house?

People1 Simon

2 Andrew

3 Chloe

4 Helen

5 Danny

ActivitiesA visiting relativesB going on a picnicC cooking for friendsD relaxing at homeE having a barbecueF going to the cinemaG going camping

Listening

8 Listen and match the people to what theyare doing this weekend.

Everyday English� Making suggestions

6 Use phrases from the box to completethe exchanges. Listen and check.

Making suggestions

ñ Why don’t we ...?ñ What about ... +ing?ñ Would you like to ...?ñ Let’s ...ñ Shall we ...?

Responding

ñ That’s a goodidea.

ñ Sure, I’d love to!

ñ Why not?

ñ Sorry, I can’t.

ñ I’m afraid I can’t.

ñ I’d love to but ...

Speaking

7 Portfolio: Your friend wants to dosomething together this afternoon. He/Shewants to eat out. Record yourselves.

ñ suggest watching a DVDñ turn down suggestion/to go out to eatñ explain you are tired/suggest cooking at

home

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1c

3 Look at the verb forms in the sentencesbelow. Which one describes: a fixedarrangement? an intention/plan? Findexamples of each use in the quiz.

I’m saving money, because I’m going to buya new car next year.I’ve got the train tickets. We’re leaving at 10o’clock on Monday morning.

Grammar Reference

Exploring Grammar� Present Continuous – going to

4 Fiona has made some notes about nextweek. πn pairs, ask and answer questionsas in the example.

A: Is Fiona playing tennis with Paul on Mondayat 6 pm?

B: No, she isn’t. She’s playing tennis at 7 pm.

5 Tell your partner your fixed arrangementsand plans for next weekend, in the summer,next month.

I’m visiting some relatives next weekend.I’m going to spend the summer in England.

9 Portfolio: What are your fixedarrangements for next week? Writesentences, then tell the class.

On Monday I’m going out with my friends.

7 pm6 pm play

tennis with Paul

get presentfor Mum’sbirthdayget it on

Wed

11 am – do aerobics

go swimming8 pm1 pm –

havebarbecue

buy food forbarbecue

eat outwith

parents

go to cinemawith John &

SusieSam

1 A: Why don’t we go to the cinema?B: I’d ................................................ to.

2 A: ................................ having a picnic?B: I’d rather not.

Getting Started

1 How often do you sendemails? To whom? Why?

3 Read the email and match theparagraphs (1-4) to thedescriptions (A-D). Then,explain the words in bold.

A closing remarks/ask friendto write back

B opening remarks/reasonfor writing

C job descriptionD job qualities/other

comments

Let’s look closer

2 Read the rubric.

This is part of an emailfrom Samantha to herfriend, Grace.

Well, that’s my news! Howabout you? Write and tellme what you’re doing thissummer! Are you justrelaxing or have you got ajob?

What is Grace doing thissummer? Read the firstparagraph to find out.

Samantha

5 a. Read the rubric.

So what are you doing this summer? Going on holiday orsomething? Write back.

b. Portfolio: Use the plan in Ex. 3 to organise your ideasinto paragraphs. Write your email (50-100 words).

1d

Opening/Closingremarks

4 Mark the sentences O (openingremarks) or C (closing remarks).

1 How are things?2 See you soon.3 Have to go now.4 It’s been ages, hasn’t it?

Which opening/closing remarksdoes Grace use?

Brainstorming

Before you start writing, brainstorm for ideas. Write down

everything that comes to mind. This will help you decide what

you are going to write about.

But youcan’t write.

Hi Samantha!

Great to hear from you. Guess what – I’ve got a summer

job! I’m working at ‘Magic Mountain Theme Park’ just out

of town. It’s amazing!

In the mornings, I usually greet visitors at the main

entrance. I answer their questions, show them where to buy

their tickets and give them a map of the park. In the

afternoon, I help in one of the gift shops inside the park.

We’re always busy, so I get very tired!

So far, I’m really enjoying the job! You don’t need a lot of

experience, but you have to be cheerful and outgoing

because you deal with people every day. I’m working there for

another two months. Why don’t you apply for a job there too?

That would be great!

Anyway, that’s all for now. Write back soon.

Love,

Grace

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I’m writing aletter to my sister.

(an email to a friend)

What are youdoing?

So what? Shecan’t read!

13

1

Listening

1 a. Look at the pictures. Whatdo you think the School ofthe Air is?

b. In one minute, list asmany words as possiblerelated to school. Listento the text and tick thewords on your list thatyou hear.

Reading

2 Read the text and completethe sentences. Use up to threewords.

1 Students in Australiaattend the School of theAir because their familieslive far ... .

2 The children of this schoolhave their lessons over ... .

3 The children belong to aclass, but they study ... .

4 Each lesson lasts ... .5 Students send their

homework ... .6 The teacher usually meets

the students ... .

Speaking

3 Close your books and say sixthings you remember aboutthe School of the Air.

In Australia, many

families live a long

way from a town,

so the nearest school is

often very far away.

For this reason, many

children attend a very

different kind of school. It is

called the School of the Air because the

students have lessons over the radio.

Most areas have a school like this for

children between 4 and 12 years old. They

study at home, but they are still members of

a class. The children have radio lessons

with their class three times a week. Each

lesson is about 30 minutes. Students

also have a 10-minute private lesson with their

teacher once a week.

The school provides the radio, books, videos and

other resources. The children send their work to the

teacher once a week. The teachers prepare the

lessons and the children’s parents help them to do

their work at home. Teachers and students also

communicate by phone, fax and email and the

teacher visits children at home at least once a year.

The School of the Air may sound like a strange

idea. For the isolated students of Australia it’s the

only way to learn.

4 Portfolio: Find information about a school in yourcountry that is different from typical schools andwrite a short description of it for your schoolmagazine. Write:

ñ how the school is different from other schoolsñ how many days a week/hours a day students attendñ what subjects they study

(an article)

2a

14

2 a. Think of three questions you would liketo ask about Beethoven. Listen andread. Can you answer them now?

b. Read again and complete the sentences.Then, explain the words in bold.

1 Beethoven ............... brothers.2 He could play .................... .3 He was only 13 when ........................... .4 It wasn’t until 1819 that he .................. .

Ludwig van Beethoven was born in

1770 in Bonn, Germany. He was the

eldest of three boys. His father and

grandfather were musicians.

Ludwig started learning the violin and

piano at a very early age. In 1783 he

published his first composition. He was

only 13. In 1787 he travelled to Vienna to

study under Mozart, but returned to Bonn

because his mother was dying. After her

death he moved to Vienna. He never

returned to his hometown. In 1795 he

gave his first public performance as a

pianist. It was a success. In the late

1790s, Beethoven began to lose hishearing and by 1819 he was completelydeaf. It was during this period that he

wrote some of his most famous

compositions like Moonlight (1801),

Eroica (1804), Pastoral (1808) and

Emperor (1809). After he became deaf, he

continued to compose great music which

was joyful and optimistic. In his later

years, he was lonely and depressed and

didn’t write much.

Although he fell in love several times he

never married. Beethoven died on March

26, 1827 in Vienna after he caught

pneumonia. More than 10,000 people

came to his funeral.

Beethoven was the first composer who

used music to express deep feelings and

ideas, such as his belief in freedom and

heroism. Even today he is, for many

people, the greatest composer ever.

The Master

Vocabulary� Famous people & nationalities

4 a. Look at the pictures. Who was:

ñ an astronaut? ñ a writer? ñ a scientist?ñ a politician? ñ a painter? ñ an actress?ñ an explorer?

Can you think of other famous people inthese categories?

b. What nationality was each person?

Christopher Columbus was Italian.

Speaking

3 Say three things you remember aboutBeethoven.

Reading

1 Listen to three pieces of music byBeethoven. What images come tomind? How do you think Beethovenfelt when he wrote each of them?Choose from the following.

ñ calm ñ lonely ñ pessimistic ñ cheerfulñ depressed ñ angry ñ sad ñ confusedñ joyful ñ optimistic ñ upset ñ excitedñ heroic

5 He never ....................... or had children.6 He strongly believed ............................. .

15

2a

5 In pairs, ask and answer questions aboutthese famous people, as in the example.

A: Who was Ella Fit˙gerald?B: She was a famous singer.A: Where was she born?B: In Newport News, USA.A: When was she born?B: She was born in 1917.A: When did she die?B: She died in 1996.

Exploring Grammar� Past simple (regular &

irregular verbs)

6 a. Find the past simple form of the verbs 1-15 from the text. Which are regular/irregular? How is the past simple formed?

1 be was 2 start 3 publish 4 travel 5 return6 give 77 begin 88 write 99 become 1100 continue1111 fall 1122 marry 1133 die 1144 catch 1155 come

10 Portfolio: Write a short biography about afamous person in your country. Write:

ñ date and place of birth ñ important eventsñ personal life ñ famous works ñ beliefs ñ date and place of death

(a biography)

Listening

9 Listen and complete the poster.

On 5th at pm

Forest Road, Loughborough

The Loughborough Orchestra performs

Beethoven’s Piano Concerto No.

and Sibelius’s Symphony No. 3.

Conductor: Peter

Soloist: Tom 5

4

3

2 1

Grammar Reference

b. Read the theory. Find examples in thetext. Which are in the negative form?

A: Beethoven was born in 1770.B: In 1783 he ...

7 Use the dates to tell your partner aboutBeethoven.

1770 1783 1787 1795 1801 1804

1809 1819

1827

Audrey HepburnBrussels, Belgium

(1929 -1993)

Christopher ColumbusGenoa, Italy(1451-1506)

Yuri GagarinSmolensk, Russia USSR(1934 -1968)

Virginia WoolfLondon, UK(1882 -1941)

Pablo PicassoMalaga, Spain(1881-1973)

Abraham LincolnHardin County,Kentucky, USA

(1809 -1865)

Thomas EdisonMilan, Ohio, USA

(1847-1931)

Everyday English� Asking for/Giving personal

information

Ella FitzgeraldNewport News, Virginia, USA(1917-1996)

We use the past simple for:ñ an action which happened at a specific

time in the pastñ actions which are related to people no

longer alive.

Pronunciation (“e” pronounced or

silent)

8 Listen and underline the words where theletter “e” is pronounced. Listen and repeat.

liked, wanted, hated, walked, looked, moved

16

2b

Vocabulary� Medieval battles

Using a dictionary

When you look up a word in a

dictionary, you can see if it is a verb, a

noun, an adjective etc by looking at

the symbols next to the word (N, V,

ADJ etc)

1 Look up the following words ina dictionary. Which are: nouns?verbs? both? Which are namesof weapons? Use them todescribe the picture.

ñ horses ñ ride ñ wear ñ flagñ army ñ soldier ñ knight ñ holdñ sword ñ battle ñ axe ñ shieldñ armour ñ helmet ñ attackñ fight ñ spear

Listening

2 a. Listen and repeat.

ñ How was your weekend? ñ Well, nothing special.ñ Oh, I had a great time!ñ I watched a re-enactment of

the battle!ñ You’re kidding! ñ What was it like?ñ Oh, you’ve got to see it!ñ Didn’t you know that?

Reading

3 a. Read and complete the facts about the Battle of Hastings.

b. The sentences in Ex. 2a are from the dialogue in Ex. 3.What do you think the dialogue is about? How do youthink it is related to the picture? Listen, read and check.

Danny: Hi, John. How was your weekend?John: Well, nothing special. I just relaxed at home. What

about you?Danny: Oh, I had a great time!

John: Really? Where did you go?Danny: I went to Hastings – you know, where the famous

Battle of Hastings took place in 1066.John: Oh, yes – that’s the only date I remember from my

History class! So what did you do there?Danny: I watched a re-enactment of the battle!

John: You’re kidding! What was it like?Danny: Oh, you’ve got to see it! It was amazing! The two

armies put up a real fight! You know, knights inmedieval armour, with swords, spears, axes …

John: Wow! Did you take any photos of them?Danny: Oh, I took loads of photos! We also spoke to some of

the soldiers.John: So, who won the battle?

Danny: The Normans, of course! Didn’t you know that?John: I told you. History wasn’t my favourite subject!

Where: Hastings, Sussex, southeast coast of England

When: 14th October, 1) .................What happened: The 2) ................. fought against the Saxons and

took control of England.

Special events: An annual re-enactment of the 3) ................., and a

festival including music, art, sports and exhibitions.

17

2bb. Use the information in the

box to talk about thebattle to the class.

The Battle of Hastings took place inSussex.

Respondingñ It was great/ fantastic/

amazing/boring etc.ñ I had a great time.ñ Nothing special.ñ I went/visited/ saw/met

etc

Askingñ How was your (weekend/

summer/holiday etc)?ñ How did you spend (your

weekend etc.)?ñ What did you do (at the

weekend/during summer etc)?

Everyday English� Talking about a past experience

5 Use the language below to make short exchanges as in theexample.

A: How was your weekend?B: Oh, it was fantastic! I went to the seaside with friends. What

about you? What did you do?A: Nothing special. I stayed at home.

Speaking

6 Portfolio: Imagine you attended a celebration of a historicevent or any other event in your country. Use the phrases inEx. 2a. Think about: where, when, what happened, events thattook place. Act out a dialogue similar to the one in Ex. 3.Record your dialogues.

4 Look at the examples. Whichquestion asks about the subject/object of the sentence? How iseach question formed? Findexamples in the quiz below.

Exploring Grammar� Past simple/

wh-questions Grammar Reference

subject verb objectWho did you call? I called Mary.Who called Mary? John called Mary.

(a history quiz)

Who ....................(win) the battle ofWaterloo in 1815?

a Napoleon Bonaparteb The Duke of Wellington

Which English queen.................. (rule) from 1837 to 1901?

a Elizabethb Victoria

Who ........ (be) the firstpresident of the UnitedStates (1789 – 1797)?

a George Washingtonb Abraham Lincoln

In what year ..........America ............ (gain)its independence?

a 1492b 1776

How many years ........ the Vietnam War ......................... (last)?

a 21 yearsb 10 years

In which city ......... the Russians ..........(build) a wall in 1961?

a Berlinb Munich

Where ............ the USforces ............... (drop) thefirst atomic bomb on 6thAugust, 1945?

a Hiroshimab Nagasaki

How ............ President J F Kennedy ........ (die)?

a He ............ (have) a caraccident.

b Somebody ............................... (shoot) him.

Which European country ............ JuliusCaesar ......................(invade) in 55 BC?

a Switzerlandb Britain

Which country .......... Adolf Hitler............. (come) from?

a Austriab Germany

Who ..........................(conquer) most of the knownworld from 336 BC to 323 BC?

a Attila the Hunb Alexander the Great

Play in two teams. Toss a coin tomove (heads: 1 square – tails: 2squares). Pairs from each teamtake turns to ask and answer, butonly your teacher must hear you. Ifyou make a mistake with the pastsimple or give a wrong answer,move one square back.

When .......... World War II.................. (begin)?

a 1939b 1914

7 In pairs, do some research and make your own historyquiz. Exchange your quiz with another pair.

18

Vocabulary� Houses

1 Add two more words to thespidergram. What type ofhouse do you live in?

3 List the words under theheadings. Use them to talkabout your house.

Reading

4 a. Look at the headings and thepictures. What are the textsabout? Which country arethese houses in?

2 Match the opposites. Whichadjectives best describe yourhouse?

1 modern2 cheap3 small4 attractive5 plain

a expensiveb spaciousc decoratedd traditionale ugly

terraced

cottage

detached bungalow

mansion

castle

semi-detached

2c

The early Victorians liked large houses with plenty of

decoration. Later in the Victorian period, houses were

simple 00)) and plain. Wealthy people used to live 11)) ........ large

detached

houses

with lots of

rooms and

expensive

furniture.

Servants

used to live

22)) ........ the

top floor of

the house

or the attic. The exterior of the house 33)) ........ a work of art

with a steep tiled roof, tall chimney pots and large bay

windows 44)) ........ stained glass. Sometimes, they had a front

porch and steps up to the front door. Working people used to

live in terraced brick houses with a simple exterior. Those

houses were small, with two to four rooms. 55)) ........ was no

electricity, no water and no toilet.

Victorian houses

Elizabethan manor houses often had an E-shape to

show respect for 66)) ......... queen. They had brick

walls with strong wooden frames. The houses were

spacious

andcomfortable

with a large

hall, a

dining

room and

77)) .........

bedrooms.

The

furniture

was big and elaborate and four-poster beds were very

popular. Many people used to have servants. 88)) .........

used to live in rooms in the attic.

Elizabethan houses

TYPES OFHOUSES

.................studio

...................

ñ attic ñ living room ñ kitchenñ garden ñ rug ñ floor ñ fenceñ pillows ñ windows ñ porchñ balcony ñ cushions ñ hallñ fireplace ñ brick walls ñ lampñ bedroom ñ dining roomñ four-poster beds ñ cupboardñ chest of drawers ñ carpetñ wardrobe ñ mirror ñ fridgeñ cooker ñ towels ñ showerñ staircase ñ garage ñ chimney

b. In pairs, make a list of ten words related to houses

you expect to read in the texts. Read and check.

19

2c

7 Look at the examples below. Which talk(s)about:

ñ a past state or habit that doesn’t happenany more?

ñ an action/event that happened at a specifictime in the past?

People used to travel/travelled by coachthen. (but now they don’t - they use cars)They didn’t use to have/didn’t have runningwater or electricity. (but now they do)BUTJohn went to the ‘Victorian Experience’museum last weekend. (NOT: John used to go ...)

Find examples of past states/habits in thetexts.

Exploring Grammar� Used to vs past simple

Grammar Reference

5 people read a lot/not go cinema

Children used to play in the streets. They didn’t useto watch TV.

9 Work in pairs. Use these ideas as well asyour own to find out what your partnerused to do when he/she was six.

ñ fight with other children ñ do a lot of sport ñ watch a lot of TVñ play in the street ñ go to bed early ñ help in the kitchen

A: Did you use to fight with other children whenyou were six?

B: No, I didn’t. Did you ...

Listening

11 Listen to the conversation and matchthe people to where they are.

People1 Paul

2 Erica

3 Claire

4 Martin

5 Greg

RoomsA bedroomB living roomC kitchenD gardenE bathroomF dining roomG garageH attic

12 Portfolio: How did people use to live inyour country 100 years ago? Find picturesand write a short description of each.Write about: clothes, facilities, work,entertainment, transport. Present yourposter to the class.

Speaking

6 Underline the words in the texts related tohouses. Put them under the headingsbelow, then use them to describe thehouses in the pictures to the class.

ñ exterior ñ interior ñ special features

10 Bring some old family photos to class.Show them to your classmates and sayhow your grandparents were different.

5 Choose the correct word to completethe gaps. Listen and check. Explain thewords in bold.

0 A but B and C too1 A in B at C into2 A on B in C at3 A were B had C was4 A with B for C and5 A It B There C This6 A some B a C the7 A each B the C several8 A They B The C These

8 Use the prompts to make sentences aboutlife 100 years ago. Use used to/didn’t use to.

1 children play in the streets/not watch TV2 people write letters/not send emails3 people travel by ship/not travel by plane4 poor people not do any sport/work long

hours

Listening to identify key information

Read the list. Think of words related to each item.

While listening, focus on words related to those in

the list. This will help you do the task.

20

Getting Started

1 When was the last time you went to a museum? Which of the following did you see?

ñ bronze statues ñ steam engines ñ old buildings ñ silver plates ñ ancient coins/vases ñ historical costumesñ antique furniture ñ models of buildings, ships or vehiclesñ gold rings ñ old-fashioned shops ñ oil paintings ñ silver jewellery ñ colourful tapestries

Let’s look closer

2 Underline the key words in the rubric. Answer thequestions.

You went on a school visit to a museum last week.Now, your teacher has asked you to write a shortarticle for your school magazine describing the visit.

1 What are you going to write?2 What tenses will you use?3 What phrases related to museums can you think of?

3 What is each paragraph about?

ñ when/where ñ what you did/saw ñ feelings ñ description

2d

1

2

3

4

Last week’s class visit took us to Durham, in the North ofEngland. It also took us back two hundred years into the past.

Beamish covers 125 hectares and has two amazing ‘little worlds’from the past – a market town, railway station, farm and coal-mining village, all from 1913, and a manor house and railway from1825. Visitors can explore each area, watching people acting outthe typical daily life of the time. The people’s clothes, vehicles,buildings and furniture are all from the period.

First we walked around the town, with its old-fashioned shops,offices and houses. The friendly museum staff, wearing historicalcostumes, were happy to answer our questions. We had a quicklunch at the picnic site, then we went on a genuine 1910 tram tobeautiful Pockerley Manor. The experience was fascinating, as wehad the chance to see what it was like to live in those times.

We had a wonderful time at Beamish. It’s a great place for a dayout and I’m not surprised it won the title of Britain’s Best Museumin 2005.

by Steve Miller

BEAMISSHOPEN AIR MUSEUM

4 What adjectives does thewriter use to describe whathe saw at the museum?

Using descriptive language

When narrating an experience, use

lots of adjectives. They make your

writing more interesting to the reader.

5 Use the adjectives in the list toreplace the words in bold.

ñ spectacular ñ ancient ñ awful ñ friendly

1 The view was good.2 The staff were very nice.3 There were a lot of old

buildings there.4 The weather was bad.

It’s not my fault. The teacherasks me about things whichhappened before I was born.

I want toknow why

your Historymark is so

bad.

Introduction (Para 1)

when/where you went

Main Body (Paras 2 & 3)

♦ what the place is like

♦ what you did there

Conclusion (Para 4)

your feelings/comments

(an article

about a visit to a museum)

6 Think of your last visit to amuseum. Make notes under theheadings in the plan. Use themto tell the class about your visit.

7 Use your answers in Ex. 6 to writean article for the school magazine.

2a2

21

Reading & Listening

1 Look at the picture. Describe the people. Whoare they? Read the text below and find out.

2 Read the first four lines of the song andlook at the picture. What is “the set” (line2)? What problem might parents have ifthey “take the set away”? What do youthink the Oompa-Loompas will suggest?Read quickly and check.

Roald Dahl (1916 - 1990) was born in Wales in the UK.

He started his writing career as an author of short

stories for adults. Then, in 1961, he wrote a story called

James and the Giant Peach for his own children. It

became a best seller. Several other best sellers

followed, including Charlie and the Chocolate Factory.

The book is about a strange man, Mr Wonka, and his

mysterious chocolate factory, where he makes amazing,

magical sweets. His workers are Oompa-Loompas –

doll-sized people with long hair, who love dancing and

making up songs.

0 A we B us C our1 A the B these C this2 A have B do C be3 A After B Before C While4 A know B knew C knows5 A before B until C ago

3 a. Read the song and choose the correctword for each gap. Listen and check.

b. Match the highlighted words to theirmeanings: put in, messed, happy, continue.

4 a. Look at the words in bold. Who or whatis the writer referring to?

b. Why do you think Dahl wrote this song?

Speaking

5 Portfolio: Take the roles of an Oompa–Loompa and a parent. Use the song to actout your dialogue. Record yourselves.

“All right!” you’ll cry. “All right!” you’ll say,

“But if we take the set away,

What shall 0) we do to entertain

Our darling children? Please explain!”

We’ll answer 1) ............... by asking you,

“What used the darling ones to 2) ...............?How used they keep themselves contented,

3) ............... this monster was invented?”

Have you forgotten? Don’t you 4) ...............?We’ll say it very loud and slow:

THEY USED TO READ! They’d READ and READ,

And READ and READ, and then proceed

To READ and READ and READ some more.

Books cluttered up the nursery floor!

And in the bedroom, by the bed,

More books were waiting to be read!

Oh, books, what books they used to know,

Those children living long 5) ...............!So please, oh please, we beg, we pray,

Go throw your TV set away,

And in its place you can install

A lovely bookshelf on the wall!

22

Vocabulary

1 Circle the correct answer.

1 A ............ travels a lot.A shop assistant B pilot C waiter

2 Fire fighters need to be ............ .A patient B creative C brave

3 ............ always wear a uniform.A Nurses B Graphic designersC Gardeners

4 She enjoys her job although it is ............ .A stressful B excitingC rewarding

5 He ............ work early in the morning.A likes B uses C starts

6 He doesn’t like his job; he finds it .......... .A rewarding B exciting C boring

7 Receptionists must be very ............ .A physically fit B politeC imaginative

8 Mechanics work with their ............ .A hands B feet C family

9 Nurses normally work ............ .A part time B hours C shifts

10 Writers must be ............ .A creative B polite C friendly

(10 marks)

Reading

4 Read the text and mark the sentences R(right), W (wrong) or DS (doesn’t say).

2 Underline the correct word.

1 Could you please iron/mow the lawn?2 Paul, could you make/do your bed, please?3 Mum dusts/vacuums the carpets every day.4 John lives in a brand new apartment in the

city centre. It’s really modern/traditional.5 He can’t afford to buy such a(n)

expensive/cheap car.6 They usually have/go barbecues on Sunday

afternoons.7 She often cooks/visits for friends.8 How about having/eating out? There’s a

new restaurant down the street.9 Do you often go/visit your relatives?

10 They often play/go camping in the summer.

3 Decide if the following are R (rooms), FA(furniture/appliances) or F (features indoor/outdoor).

(10 marks)

1 wardrobe ....2 dining room ....3 pillows ....4 kitchen ....5 fireplace ....

6 fridge ....7 staircase ....8 fence ....9 lamp ....

10 garden ....

• Discover what life was reallylike for the Vikings over 1000years ago.

• Visit a real Viking street andsee the shops and houses thatonce stood there.

• Learn about what the Vikingsate, how they worked and whatmade them ill.

• Find out how the Vikings madetheir clothes, shoes, jewellery

Entrance: í7.20 Adults, í5.10 Children, í6.10 Seniors & Students

Open every day except 25thDecember

1 Vikings lived in Normandy.2 You can learn all about the life of Vikings.3 You can dress up as a Viking.4 Children don’t pay.5 The Jorvik centre is open every day.

(10 marks) (10 marks)

23

(15 marks)

Grammar

5 Put the verbs into the present simple, present

continuous or be going to.

1 He ................................. (cook) dinner at the moment.

2 Pete ................ (play) tennis every Friday. 3 Sally ................................ (write) a novel

this year. 4 Now that John has the money he ...........

................... (buy) a new car.5 Mary .............................. (move) into her

new house this Tuesday. 6 Pauline ........................ (have) a birthday

party this Saturday. 7 ................................................ (they/go)

to the park every Sunday?8 We ..................... (visit) Ann this Sunday. 9 Jack ........... (play) chess every afternoon.10 ............................................ (Ann/work)

late tonight?

Listening

7 Listen and fill in the gaps.

(15 marks)

Communication

6 Complete the exchanges.

a I’d love tob It was fantasticc Nothing speciald Why don’t we ...e ... I can’t

1 A: ......................... go swimming today?

B: That’s a good idea!

2 A: Would you mind coming to the doctor’swith me?

B: Sorry, ......................................... . I’m

working late

3 A: Let’s go out for dinner.

B: Sure. ................................................ .

4 A: How was the rock concert?

B: ........................... . I had a great time.

5 A: What did you do at the weekend?

B: ......................................................... .

(20 marks)

ñ talk about jobs & job qualities

ñ talk/write about daily routine/free-time

activities

ñ talk about famous people

ñ talk/write about life in the past & past

experiences

ñ write an email about my summer plans

ñ write an article about a visit to a museum

(Total = 100 marks)

(10 marks)

8 You went on a school trip last Friday. Writean email to your friend. Write:

ñ where you went ñ when you wentñ what you did/saw there (50-80 words)

(an email)

Name: The Brit School

for Performing 1) ................... and

Technology.

Start age: 2) ...................

Leaving age: 3) ...................

Special features: - Dancing, 4) ............. , singing and

music lessons.

- Students don’t wear 5) .............

Exams taken: GCSEs & ‘A’ Levels

24

The six powerful Tudor kings and queens ruled Englandfrom 1485-1603. The most famous king was Henry VIII, whomarried six times and beheaded two of his wives! It was oneof the most exciting times in British history, but whether youwere rich or poor, life could be very difficult.

1) .............................................................................................Rich tudors lived in fine houses with many rooms and bigwindows. Poor country people lived in small woodenhouses with mud floors. In the towns, the streets werenarrow, gloomy and crowded, which made it easy forcriminals to steal from shops and people.

2) .............................................................................................Wealthy people and noblemen owned land or even helpedthe King or Queen to rule the country. Most people,however, were poor and worked in the countryside. Slightlyricher people worked as craftsmen or merchants in thetowns. Tudor shops had picture signs outside to showpeople what they sold, as many people could not read.

3) .............................................................................................In Tudor times, rich people often held huge banquets wherethey ate far too much! They had quite an unhealthy diet asthey ate lots of very salty meat from the animals they ownedor hunted.They also ate very little fruit, vegetables, milk,butter and eggs as they thought these foods were onlysuitable for poor people to eat!

4) .............................................................................................It was the law that every man had to practise archery everySunday morning! Rich people liked to fence and play tenniswhile ordinary people played games like bowls, hockeyand football or went to the theatre. William Shakespearelived in Tudor times. His plays are still performed today allover the world!

Reading

2 Read the text and put theheadings (A-D) in the correctspaces (1-4). Then explain thewords in bold.

A Eating habitsB HousingC EntertainmentD Work

Speaking

4 Make notes under the headingsthe rich and the poor. Use yournotes to tell a partner thedifferences between the two.

ñ name ñ born/died ñ ruledEngland (dates) ñ what famous for

3 Read again and find: two jobs, sixfoods, six sports.

Listening

1 Look at the street scenefrom Tudor times (1485-1603in England). Describe thehouses and the people.What do you think their liveswere like? Listen and check.

Project: Who were the six Tudorkings and queens? Collectinformation under the headings,then present them to the class.

106

Reading & Listening

1 Why is the Earth important to us? Think of some reasons and complete the spidergram.

2 How much do you know about EarthDay? Take the quiz! Listen and checkyour answers.

1 Earth Day is on ......... of April.A 22nd B 23rd C 24th

2 Gaylord ......... created Earth Day.A Pearson B Nelson C Johnson

3 The first Earth Day was held inA 1950 B 1960 C 1970

4 Earth Day is celebratedA in the USA B in the UKC all over the world

................................................. .................................................

............................................. ............................................

Speaking

5 Give a short speech about Earth Day to theclass. Explain how and when it started,what people do on that day and why it isimportant to celebrate such a day.

3 Read the text and complete the sentencesin your own words. Then, explain thewords in bold.

1 The Senator got the idea about Earth Daybecause ..................................................

2 The first thing Senator Nelson did was..........................

3 Some of the problems that the Earthfaces are ...........................

4 On Earth Day people ..............................

4 Think of appropriate headings for eachparagraph.

Did you know that our planet has a special day? Every year, on the 22nd of April, we celebrate

Earth Day. On this day, we remind ourselves and others how precious the Earth is and how

important it is to look after it.

Earth Day was the idea of American Senator, Gaylord Nelson. The Senator was a sensitive man

who couldn’t bear watching our planet suffer. Rivers and seas were getting dirty, many of our plants

and animals were becoming extinct and not many people knew. Therefore, he decided to take

action and create a special day to remind everyone that we need to take care of the earth.

The Senator started by writing letters to colleges, to inform students and teachers about his

campaign. He also wrote an article for Scholastic Magazines presenting his idea about

the special day he was planning. He hoped that young people around the country would

react positively. Fortunately, they did!

As a result, on April 22, 1970, 20 million people across America celebrated the first

Earth Day. People all over the country made promises to respect and look after the

environment. Since then, Earth Day has been celebrated all over the planet.

Today, on Earth Day people organise fund-raising events, such as concerts, contests,

parades, festivals, tree-planting excursions and clean-up campaigns. Children design

and make objects at school, such as bird feeders and earth day wreaths and all of us

promise to try to turn every day into Earth Day!

107

6 Now it’s your turn to make somethingspecial for Earth Day! Follow theinstructions and make a bird feeder tohang outside.

Project: Milk Carton Bird Feeder

You will need:ñ an empty milk or juice carton

ñ strong string

ñ scissors

ñ 2 sticks or

wooden rods

ñ bird seedWhat to do:1 Wash and dry the

carton.

2 Cut a square hole ineach side.

3 Make smaller holesbelow each square.

4 Push your sticks or rodsthrough the small holes.

5 Fill the bottom of thecarton with bird seeds.

6 Tie your feeder to a treebranch with string.

1 23

4 56

1

2

3

4

5

120

2 Houses

1 Play the game in pairs or teams. Place a counter on START. Take turns to throw a dice and saythe word shown or described in the circle. If you can’t find the word, go back two steps. Theone who gets to FINISH first is the winner.

1 Activities

Use the phrases to complete the spidergrams. Add one more phrase to each category.

ñ do the shopping ñ have a barbecue ñ watch videos ñ take the rubbish out ñ go dancing ñ catch the bus ñ read newspapers ñ go jogging ñ mow the lawn ñ iron the clothes ñ dust the furniture ñ do homework ñ meet friends ñ play sports ñ go to bed late ñ have breakfast

Unit 6� Modals

1 Mark is going hiking. Look at the notesand make sentences, as in the example.

ñ take a sleeping bag ✓ñ bring a water bottle ✓ñ wear hiking boots ✓ñ climb rocks near the waterfalls ✗ñ carry a compass ✓

You must take a sleeping bag.

127

2 Use the prompts below to say what youshould/shouldn’t do in case of fire.

If you are sleeping and wake to find smoke in the room:

ñ don’t panicñ get out of bedñ stay low and close to the floorñ put your hand near the door to see if it’s hotñ go to the nearest exitñ use the stairs, don’t use the liftñ don’t go back into your house/flatñ use a neighbour’s phone to call for help

In Case Of Fire – If You Are Home Alone

If you wake to find smoke in the room, youshouldn’t panic. You should get out of bed.

3 Underline the correct item.

1 A: Must/Can I feed the animals at the zoo?B: No, you needn’t/mustn’t. It’s not

allowed.

2 A: I have a cold.B: I think you can/should stay in bed.

3 A: Shall I cook dinner tonight?B: No, you don’t have to/mustn’t. We

can go out to eat.

4 A: Excuse me, I’m looking for the post office.B: I’m afraid I can’t/mustn’t help you. I

don’t live around here.

5 A: My back hurts.B: You need to/mustn’t lift those heavy

boxes.

4 Make sentences using must/mustn’t.

1 You must turn left.

� Conditionals Types 0/1

5 Put the verbs in brackets into the righttense, as in the example.

1 If you know the answer, raise your hand.(know/raise)

2 If he ................ to Paris, he .............. theEiffel Tower. (go/visit)

3 If you ................... water in the freezer, it...................... ice. (put/become)

4 If you .................. up early, you ..............late for school. (get/not be)

5 The children ..................... to the cinemaunless they .......................... themselves.(not go/behave)

6 If I ........................ my keys, I ..................very upset. (not find/be)

7 Tom ................... his shirt if he ...............that tree. (tear/climb)

8 If I ........................ hard, I ................. theproject on time. (work/finish)

9 If you ................. food out, it ................. bad. (leave/go)

10 Sam ........................... to London unless I ................... for his tickets. (not go/pay)

6 A: You must/can pay the bills today!B: I know. I promise I won’t forget.

7 A: Can/Must I go to the party tonight,Mum?

B: No. I’m afraid you can’t/shouldn’t.

8 A: You needn’t/mustn’t buy anything forNancy’s birthday.

B: Really?

1 2

4 5

3

1 Look at the pictures. How arethey related to the title of thesong? What do you expect tohear? Read and check.

2 Read the song and fill in thegaps with words from the list.Listen and check.

ñ far ñ land ñ new ñ seeñ faces ñ things

3 How does the singer feelabout travelling?

4 Why do people travel? Whatcan we learn by travelling?

5 What place(s) do you hope tovisit some day? Why?

6 Match the beginnings (A) tothe endings (B) to form Englishsayings, then explain whatthey mean. Are there similarsayings in your language?

I want to go to exciting placesTo try new things and see new 1) ...............To travel over 2) ............... and seaCome and see the world with me

Let’s book now, let’s go todayLet’s travel to countries 3) ............... awayThe world is out there, so bright and 4) ............... I want to see the world with you

So many places we’ve never beenSo many 5) ............... we’ve never seenThe world is waiting, can’t you 6) ............... Come and see the world with me

A

Travel ...

A rolling stone ...

B

... gathers no moss.

... broadens the mind.

111

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