UPR-R(river) P(rock) Conceptual Design Review University of Puerto Rico Río Piedras Campus December...
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Transcript of UPR-R(river) P(rock) Conceptual Design Review University of Puerto Rico Río Piedras Campus December...
UPR-R(river) P(rock)Conceptual Design Review
University of Puerto RicoRío Piedras CampusDecember 17, 2008
(10:00 MDT)
Team Members
• Fernando Batista• Xavier Blanco• Jonathan Camino• Ramon Cintrón• Giovanni Colberg• Nelson Colon• Yanina Colon• Marta Esquilin• Maria P. Matta• Rafael Rios• Vanessa Rivera• Sheila Roman• Stephanie Wolfrom
Students: Faculty Support:
• Elizabeth Dvorsky
• Vladimir Makarov
• Geraldo Morell
• Gladys Munoz
• Jennifer Pfeiffer
• Oscar Resto
1) Mission objectives
a) Brief explanation
b) Expected findings
c) Related research/experimentation
2) Design
a) Hardware
i) Parts
ii) Functional block diagrams
3) RockSat Payload Canister User Guide
Compliance
4) Conclusion
Mission Overview
Objectives
• Measurement of selected gases in near-space conditions.
• Microorganism survey of array in near-space conditions.
Measurement of gases
• Why gases?
– Measuring gases is an important part of the mission
since they can be the building blocks of polypeptides.
There is also an interest in measuring the gases that
cause the greenhouse effect.
Expected results• According to the findings of the “Neutral
Composition Measurements of the Mesosphere and Lower Thermosphere” released in 1971 and “Trace Constituents in the Mesosphere” released in 1987 it is plausible to obtain the following gases:
- N2, O2, Ar, O, COx, O3, NOx and H2O.
• However, there are gases of undisclosed identity and concentration.
Miller/ Urey
• The Miller/Urey Experiment was one of the first attempts at explaining where early life in this planet arose. It was a simple premise, to simulate early earth atmospheric conditions and observe if there was any reaction that would yield "organic" particles. The experiment consisted of adding water (vapor) (H2O), methane (CH4), ammonia (NH3), hydrogen (H2), and carbon monoxide (CO) to a sterile balloon then an electric discharge was applied, simulating lightning, passed through it and cooled. The results were clear, amino acids were formed with an approximate 10%-15% yield.
Finding microorganisms
• What type of microorganism?
- Extremophiles:
a) Psychrophiles (Below freezing temperatures)
b) Piezophiles (High-pressure environments )
c) Radioresistant (Resistant to Ionizing radiation, UV)
d) Endospore (Dormant stage)
Expected results
• Microorganisms or endospores which can resist extremely high levels of radiation. This includes: UV (ultraviolet), X-rays and Gamma rays. Also capable of surviving in low pressures and temperatures.
• Polypeptides or amino acids could also be obtained because the Miller and Urey components could be readily available.
Related research
• Most of the studies related to atmospheric
gases which have been collected at altitudes
of 3 km have identified and measured the
following: N2, O2, Ar, O, COx, CH4, H2S, SO2,
O3, NOx, CFC, and H2O
Supporting Analysis Research• Identification of gases during the flight
– Semiconductor gas sensor
• Collection of aerosols– Polymer nano-scale filter (25 to1000 nm)
• Bio-Sample Culture Collection and Survey– Microbiology standard procedures
• Inorganic particles analysis– Auger, XPS, SIM’s and Time of Flight Mass Spectroscopy
• Size distribution and element characterization– Electron Microscopy (TEM, SEM, EDS, ELL’S)
• Laser spectroscopy analysis
Collection and Detection Diagram
In Flight Computer Control
Computer Controlled Flow Valves
Microorganism and Aerosol Battery Filters
Multiple Semiconductor Gas Sensors
Gas Canister Sampler
Gases Exhaust
Atmospheric Intake
100 nm
50 nm
1000 nm
500 nm
200 nm
100 nm
50 nm
1000 nm
500 nm
200 nm
100 nm
50 nm
1000 nm
500 nm
200 nm
100 nm
50 nm
1000 nm
500 nm
200 nm
100 nm
50 nm
1000 nm
500 nm
200 nm
In Flight Computer Control
100 nm
50 nm
1000 nm
500 nm
200 nm
Collection and Detection Sequence
100 nm
50 nm
1000 nm
500 nm
200 nm
100 nm
50 nm
1000 nm
500 nm
200 nm
100 nm
50 nm
1000 nm
500 nm
200 nm
100 nm
50 nm
1000 nm
500 nm
200 nm
Functional Block Diagram
Power2x9V Supply
Batteries
G-Switch
RBF (Wallops)
5V Regulator
X / Y Acceleromet
er
Z Acceleromet
er
Temperature Sensor
AVR Board
AirCore Board
Flash Memory
6 channel
ADC
Control Circuit (NPN)
AVR Microcontroller
AD
C
Intake Solenoid Valves
Exhaust at Rocket unpressurized
section
Intake Solenoid
Valve
Nano-Filters Sequential Controlled
Valves
Exhaust Solenoid
Valve
Data
Airflow
Power
Interface
RAM Air Intake from Outside of
the Rocket
Gas Semiconductor
Sensor 5
Gas Semiconductor
Sensor 3
Gas Semiconductor
Sensor 1
2x9 V Supply
Gas Semiconductor
Sensor 2
Gas Semiconductor
Sensor 4
Gas Semiconductor
Sensor 6
Notice Electrical Compliance with Wallops
Sequential Controlled
Valves
Parts: 1) 3/8” tubing
2) Sequential Valves
3) Millipore type membrane filters
4) Sensory Gas Active matrix array
5) Discrete Semi-Conductor Sensors
6) Power and controls wiring
7) AVR
8) Gas Flow Control Diaphragms
Part ListAVR Board 9) ATMega 32L Microprocessor10) 16 MB Flash Memory11) 0-15 Psi Pressure Sensor12) 3-Axis Acceleration13) Temperature Sensor14) In-System-Programming15) Attached Geiger Counter16) 9 Volt Bus17) RBF pin on each kit18) G-switch on each kit
• RockSat Payload Canister User Guide Compliance
Type of Restriction Restriction Status
Mass allotment: Payload w/canister
Volume allotment: Full canister
The payload’s center of gravity (CG): Still to be tested
In 1”X1”X1” envelope of centroid?
Wallops No-Volt Requirement Compliance: Yes
Structure mounts:
Hoses are Required
Top and bottom bulkheads. No
mounts to sides of cans.
Sharing: Full Can
• Management– Leader: Jonathan Camino
– Secretaries: Maria P. Matta and Vanessa Rivera
– Gas Sensors Designer: Rafael Rios
– Computer Programmer: Nelson Colon
– Sequential Valves: Fernando Batista
– Polymer Collection Filters: Xavier Blanco
– Related Library Research: Sheila Roman
– Preliminary Schedule: We expect to have a prototype at the end of this semester
– We will comply with the mass and volume
– The budget will be supported by PRSGC, we are also requesting additional funding from state government and private entities.
• Test Plans
- What type of testing can be performed on your payload pre-flight?
- What is required to complete testing?:- Support Hardware
- Purchase/produce?- Software
- Purchase/in-house?
- Potential points of failure- Testing/Troubleshooting/Modifications/Re-Testing Schedule
• Shared Can Logistics Plan
– We intend to use a full canister
– Our experiment will be based on finding microorganisms beyond the ozone layer, which divides the Stratosphere and the Mesosphere, the second aspect of our experiment is the measurement of gases in the atmosphere.
– By PDR know relative locations in can• We require two atmospheric ports (Dynamic Port (ram air) and lower port
into unpressurized section)
• Conclusions
– Issues and concerns
• AVR programming• Development of sequential control valves• Development of constant flow diaphragm
– Atmospheric Ports
• We have to decide which sensor will proceed for the gas measurements:
– Semiconductor sensors / Matrix Arrays Gas Sensors • Test Plans are discussed and will be developed during the
construction.
References• Miller, Stanley L. (May 1953). "Production of Amino Acids Under Possible Primitive Earth
Conditions". Science 117: 528.
• Thomas, Gary E. (1987) “Trace Constituents in the Mesosphere” Physica Scrypta T18: 281-288
• Philbrick,Charles R. ; Faucher,Gerard A. ; Wlodyka,Raymond A. (December 1971). “Neutral
Composition Measurements of the Mesosphere and Lower Thermosphere”
National Technical Information Service
• Nicholson, W, Munakata, N, Horneck, G, Melosh,H, and Setlow, P, (2000). “Resistance of
Bacillus Endospores to Extreme Terrestrial and Extraterrestrial Environments” Microbiology and
Molecular Biology Reviews, p. 548-572.
• Satyanarayana, T.; Raghukumar, C.; Shivaji, S. (July 2005). "
Extremophilic microbes: Diversity and perspectives". Current Science 89 (1): 78–90.