Updates to the CDC MDDR Service TB... · 2017-05-01 · Updates to the CDC MDDR Service April 18,...

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Updates to the CDC MDDR Service April 18, 2017 Beverly Metchock, DrPH, D(ABMM) Team Lead, Reference Laboratory Division of TB Elimination National Center for  HIV/AIDS, Viral Hepatitis, STD and TB Prevention Division of TB Elimination

Transcript of Updates to the CDC MDDR Service TB... · 2017-05-01 · Updates to the CDC MDDR Service April 18,...

Page 1: Updates to the CDC MDDR Service TB... · 2017-05-01 · Updates to the CDC MDDR Service April 18, 2017 Beverly Metchock, DrPH, D(ABMM) Team Lead, Reference Laboratory Division of

Updates to the CDC MDDR Service

April 18, 2017

Beverly Metchock, DrPH, D(ABMM)Team Lead, Reference Laboratory

Division of TB Elimination

National Center for  HIV/AIDS, Viral Hepatitis, STD and TB Prevention

Division of TB Elimination

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MDDR Service at CDC Clinical/Programmatic Use

Make rapid confirmation of MDR TB available Make laboratory testing data available to clinicians about SLD 

resistance in cases of Rifampin‐ R or MDR TB Testing Criteria 

Isolate or NAAT (+) sediment (not raw specimen) High‐risk patients (Rifampin‐R, MDR TB)

From population with high rates of drug resistance Exposed to drug resistant case Failing therapy

Cases of public health importance Known Rifampin resistance

Conventional or molecular test performed by submitter Mixed or non‐viable culture Other reasons

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Molecular Analysis(PSQ; 

PSQ then Sanger; Sanger)*

Conventional DST

Molecular Results (Interim Report[s])

Isolate or NAAT(+) Sediment Received for MDDR

Molecular + Conventional DST Results (Final Report)

2‐3 day  turn‐around time

~35 day turn‐around time

*based on information supplied on request form

CDC’s Molecular Detection of Drug Resistance Service

http://www.cdc.gov/tb/topic/laboratory/MDDRUsersGuide.pdf

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0100200300400500600700800900

1000

2009

2010

2011

2012

2013

2014

2015

2016

DST onlyMDDR only (DNA)DST and MDDRPZA onlyTotal

State Public Health Laboratory Submissions to RLT for Drug Susceptibility Studies

Number of submissions

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Future of MDDR Improving current assay performance Evaluate our data / results to improve assay performance 

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Case – “discordant” rpoB results

Isolate sent to CA MDL DST Reference Lab for PSQ (INH and RIF) and DST katGmutation (Ser315Thr) ‐ INH resistant No mutation in rpoB – Probably  RIF Susceptible DST pending

Patient from Myanmar HIV (+) TB of the spine (paraspinal abscess/ osteo) Treated twice in past for pulmonary and spinal TB

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RTMCC requested isolate to be sent to CDC for full panel MDDR (Sanger sequencing)

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Ile572Phe mutation

Outside the 81‐bp region known as the rifampin resistance determining region or RRDR (codons 507 to 533 [E.coli]) Same as ILe491Phe mutation (codons 426 to 452 [TB]) 

Missed by Xpert MTB/RIF assay Missed by CA and CDC PSQ assays* Primers used in our Sanger assay allow detection 3 previous isolates received for MDDR

“Rare” but recent report that 30% MDR TB strains in Swaziland have this mutation (NEJM.  2015. 372(12):1181)

* CDC PSQ panel updated and this mutation can now be detected

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Future of MDDR Improving current assay performance Incorporate additional loci (validation complete) ahpC, fabG1, rpoB 176 (146) for PSQ and SS rpoB 572 for PSQ  gyrB for SS

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MDDR Version 3(Isolates, NAAT+ Sediments, NAAT+ extractions by IDPB from fixed tissue)

• rpoB (81bp region)+ Val176 +Ile172• inhA (‐15, ‐8)• katG (Ser315)• fabG1 (mabA) Leu203• ahpC (promoter)• embB (Met306, Gly406)• pncA• gyrA +gyrB QRDR• rrs (nt1401/1402,1484)

• eis (promoter region)• tlyA (coding region)

• Rifampin• Isoniazid• Isoniazid• Isoniazid• Isoniazid• Ethambutol• Pyrazinamide• Fluoroquinolones• Amikacin, Kanamycin, 

Capreomycin• Kanamycin• Capreomycin

PSQ

Sanger

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Future of MDDRImproving current assay performanceAdjusting PSQ inhA primers to improve assay performance:  in progress

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Comparison of Pyrosequencing and Sanger Sequencing Success Rates for Rifampin and Isoniazid

rpoB1* rpoB2* katG inhA

PSQ sediments 66.3% 66.7% 64.5% 38.0%

PSQ isolates 95.4% 97.4% 97.4% 97.4%

SS sediments 68.9% N/A 74.3% 68.9%

SS isolates 99.0% N/A 99.0% 99.5%

March 2015 through April 2016; 774 samples; analysis by Mallory Little

*  PSQ rpoB assay requires 2 sequencing reactions to cover RRDR

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Future of MDDRTransition to eLIMS reporting Encrypted e‐mail Web portal

Movement toward standardized reporting as global efforts align Transition to MTBC numbering system for 

rpoB (from E. coli numbering system)

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Renumbering the rpoB RRDR codons to reflect the true codon number

*Codon numbering is based on E. coli (e.g. Ser531 is actually Ser450 in MTBC) 

Leu533 (E.coli)=Leu452 (MTB actual)

Gly507 (E.coli)=Gly426 (MTB actual)

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Future of MDDREvaluation of next generation sequencing (NGS) platform for current assay Also look at other genetic

loci associated with resistance

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Future of MDDRDefine most efficient workflow / testing algorithm for isolates and NAAT+ sediments What is best algorithm for isolates?  Sediments? Potential for incorporation of whole genome 

sequencing (WGS) Operationalize the use of  minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) testing

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RLT Staff(past and current)

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RLT Staff(past and current)

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The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official position of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. 

AcknowledgementsDTBE Laboratory Branch

National Center for HIV/AIDS, Viral Hepatitis, STD & TB Prevention

Division of Tuberculosis Elimination

[email protected](404) 639‐1285