Update on the Hong Kong Economy for The Task Force on Economic Challenges Government Economist
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Transcript of Update on the Hong Kong Economy for The Task Force on Economic Challenges Government Economist
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Update on the Hong Kong Economy for Update on the Hong Kong Economy for The Task Force on Economic ChallengesThe Task Force on Economic Challenges
Government EconomistGovernment Economist
8 December 20088 December 2008
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Global/local developments since last meeting
• Global financial market strains eased somewhat; risks of meltdown receded for the time being
• Local interest rates also down
• But global credit market still not functioning...
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Concern about global financial meltdown eased, but credit markets still tight
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11/06 12/06 2/07 4/07 6/07 8/07 10/07 12/07 2/08 4/08 6/08 8/08 10/08
TED spread
OIS spread
Spreads (bps)
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Local interbank rates down…but banks still cautious in lending
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11/06 12/06 2/07 4/07 6/07 8/07 10/07 12/07 2/08 4/08 6/08 8/08 10/08
HIBOR (1M)
HIBOR (3M)
Spreads (bps)
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Global synchronised downturn increasingly apparent…
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… leading to a further mark-down in global economic growth forecasts
Jan 2008 Apr 2008 Oct 2008 Nov 2008
World 4.4 3.8 3.0 2.2
Advanced economies 2.1 1.3 0.5 -0.3 Euro area 1.9 1.2 0.2 -0.5
Germany 1.7 1.0 0.0 -0.8 Japan 1.7 1.5 0.5 -0.2 United Kingdom 2.4 1.6 -0.1 -1.3 United States 1.8 0.6 0.1 -0.7
4.8 4.4 3.2 2.1
7.0 6.6 6.1 5.1
ASEAN-5 6.2 6.0 4.9 4.2Brazil 4.0 3.7 3.5 3.0China 10.0 9.5 9.3 8.5India 8.2 8.0 6.9 6.3Russia 6.5 6.3 5.5 3.5
Newly industrializedAsian economies
Emerging and developingeconomies
IMF global economic projection for 2009
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US economy in a dire state
-5
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90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08
US'sLeadingIndicator
US's GDPannualised q-t-q rate of
change in real terms
Rate of change (%)
US leading indicator sharply down US imports are falling
-20
-15
-10
-5
0
5
10
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20
25
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96 97 98 99 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08
US's importsdemand
in real terms
Year-on-year growth rate (%)
US's importsfrom Asia in
nominal terms
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Likewise for EU and JapanEU GDP vs Sentiment Index
-30
-25
-20
-15
-10
-5
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
97 98 99 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08-6
-4
-2
0
2
4
6
EU'sSentiment
Index(LHS)
EU's GDPannualised q-t-q rate of
change in real terms(RHS)
Year-on-yeargrowth rate (%)
Quarter-to-quartergrowth rate (%)
Japan GDP vs Tankan Survey
-50
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-20
-10
0
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95 96 97 98 99 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08-5
-4
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-1
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Japan TANKANLarge enterprises
(LHS)
Japan GDPReal Growth
(RHS)
Index Year-on-year growth rate (%)
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Asia also feeling the pinchGDP growth slowing
-20
-15
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-5
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95 96 97 98 99 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08
China Japan Hong Kong Singapore
Korea Taiwan Indonesia Malaysia
Philippines Thailand
Year-on-year growth rate (%)
Exports all down
-40
-30
-20
-10
0
10
20
30
40
50
96 97 98 99 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08
China Japan Hong KongSingapore Korea TaiwanIndonesia Malaysia PhilippinesThailand
Year-on-year growth rate (%)
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HK economy also hard hit…
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GDP growth slowed markedly in Q3 2008
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Q197
Q397
Q198
Q398
Q199
Q399
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Q101
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Q103
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Q104
Q304
Q105
Q305
Q106
Q306
Q107
Q307
Q108
Q308
Year-on-year rate of change
Seasonally adjustedquarter-to-quarter rate of change
GDP rate of change in real terms (%)
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Impact on the four harder-hit sectors
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Financial services
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Banking sector under pressure in a number of ways:
• Income : Contraction in loan balance; Non-interest income withering amid falling demand for investment products
• Loss provisions and charge-offs : Provision for losses on investments; Non-performing loan; Falling property prices leading to more negative equity cases
• Operational pressure : Liquidity / capital demand from foreign / Mainland branches; Lehman-related issue; Structural changes leading to higher compliance and operating costs
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Financial sector activities already slowing markedly since early 2008
Non-bank financingcompanies
(LHS)
Banking(RHS)
Insurance(RHS)
-60
-40
-20
0
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80
100
120
Q198
Q398
Q199
Q399
Q100
Q300
Q101
Q301
Q102
Q302
Q103
Q303
Q104
Q304
Q105
Q305
Q106
Q306
Q107
Q307
Q108
Q308
-30
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-10
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Business receipts(year-on-year rate of change (%))
Business receipts(year-on-year rate of change (%))
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Partly due to sharp declines in IPO activity and stock market turnover ……
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Sep07
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Hang Seng Index(LHS)
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Daily total turnover (HK$ Bn)
Dow Jone'sIndustrial Average Index
(RHS)
Index Index
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…… but loans also began to fall
Loans for use in HK(excluding trade
finance)
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1/97 1/98 1/99 1/00 1/01 1/02 1/03 1/04 1/05 1/06 1/07 1/08
Year-on-year rate of change (%)
Trade finance1998AFC
2001global
downturn
Currentglobalcrisis
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Financial services sector: unemployment/vacancy*
* Private sector vacancies posted by the Labour Department.
0.0
0.5
1.0
1.5
2.0
2.5
3.0
3.5
4.0
4.5
5.0
Q197
Q198
Q199
Q100
Q101
Q102
Q103
Q104
Q105
Q106
Q107
Q108
Unemployment rate (%)
-100
-50
0
50
100
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Jan02
Jul02
Jan03
Jul03
Jan04
Jul04
Jan05
Jul05
Jan06
Jul06
Jan07
Jul07
Jan08
Jul08
Year-on-year rate of change in vacancies (%)
NovAug-Oct
1998AFC
2001global
downturn
2003SARS
Currentglobalcrisis
122%
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Trading and logistics
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Hong Kong's total exports(LHS)
World GDP*(RHS)
Year-on-year rate ofchange in real terms (%)
Oct
Year-on-year rate ofchange in real terms (%)
* The world GDP being plotted here is weighted by Hong Kong's total exports of goods.
Export outlook is grim
1998 AFC
2001 global
downturn
2003 SARS
Current global crisis
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Trading and logistics: unemployment/vacancy*
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Unemployment rate (%)
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Jan02
Jul02
Jan03
Jul03
Jan04
Jul04
Jan05
Jul05
Jan06
Jul06
Jan07
Jul07
Jan08
Jul08
Year-on-year rate of change in vacancies (%)
Aug-Oct
Nov
1998AFC
2001global
downturn
2003SARS
Currentglobalcrisis
-42%
* Private sector vacancies posted by the Labour Department.
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Tourism and consumption-related sector
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-80
-60
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0
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Q197
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Year-on-year rate of change (%)
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Retail sales
Year-on-year rate of change in volume(%)Inbound tourists
Oct Oct
(208.4)
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Tourist number remains on a decline; Retail sales down in October
1998 AFC
2001 global
downturn
2003 SARS
Current global crisis
1998 AFC
2001 global
downturn
2003 SARS
Current global crisis
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Tourism and consumption-related sector: unemployment/vacancy*
* Private sector vacancies posted by the Labour Department.
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Q197
Q198
Q199
Q100
Q101
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Q103
Q104
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Q108
Unemployment rate (%)
-80
-40
0
40
80
120
160
200
Jan02
Jul02
Jan03
Jul03
Jan04
Jul04
Jan05
Jul05
Jan06
Jul06
Jan07
Jul07
Jan08
Jul08
Year-on-year rate of change in vacancies (%)
Aug-Oct
Nov
1998AFC
2001global
downturn
2003SARS
Currentglobalcrisis
-18%
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Real estate and construction sector
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40
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Jan97
Jan98
Jan99
Jan00
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Jan04
Jan05
Jan06
Jan07
Jan08
Residental Price Index (Overall) Residental Price Index (Large) Residental Price Index (Small)
Indexx
0
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Q197
Q198
Q199
Q100
Q101
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Q104
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Residential propertytransaction (value)
HK$ Bn
OctSep-Nov
Property market down further; Transactions fell back to 2003 average
1998 AFC
2001 global
downturn
2003 SARS
Current global crisis
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-40
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Q197
Q397
Q198
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Q199
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Q300
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Q102
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Q103
Q303
Q104
Q304
Q105
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Q106
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Q107
Q307
Q108
Q308
Building & construction expenditure
Building consents (8-quarter moving average)
Year-on-year rate of change in real terms (%)
Construction sector output remainson a downtrend
1998 AFC
2001 global
downturn
2003 SARS
Current global crisis
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Real estate and construction sector: unemployment/vacancy*
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Q197
Q198
Q199
Q100
Q101
Q102
Q103
Q104
Q105
Q106
Q107
Q108
Unemployment rate (%)
-60
-40
-20
0
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40
60
80
100
120
Jan02
Jul02
Jan03
Jul03
Jan04
Jul04
Jan05
Jul05
Jan06
Jul06
Jan07
Jul07
Jan08
Jul08
Year-on-year rate of change in vacancies (%)
Aug-Oct
Nov
1998AFC
2001global
downturn
2003SARS
Currentglobalcrisis
-30%
* Private sector vacancies posted by the Labour Department.
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Feedback from SMEs
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Impact on business receipts
SMEs by sectors
% decline as compared to normal situation forweek ending 28 Nov
Expected further % decline in
one month's time
Wholesale trade -24.7 -13.8
Retail trade -24.9 -10.5
Import/export trades -17.9 -12.5
Restaurants -13.9 -8.3
Transport services -29.7 -8.3
Travel agents -15.2 -17.7
Financing institutions -23.3 -6.9
Insurance agents and brokers -9.2 -9.4
Construction and related activities -32.8 -8.5
Business services -10.6 -9.5
All the above sectors -18.7 -12.2
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Impact on employment
SMEs by sectors
% decline as compared to normal situation forweek ending 28 Nov
Expected further % decline in
one month's time
Wholesale trade 0 0
Retail trade -0.6 -0.7
Import/export trades -2.3 -0.9
Restaurants -2.8 -0.2
Transport services -5.8 -1.7
Travel agents -0.5 -1.1
Financing institutions -1.3 -0.5
Insurance agents and brokers 0 -0.5
Construction and related activities -7.6 -3.6
Business services -4.5 -0.9
All the above sectors -2.5 -0.8
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Impact on access to credit
SMEs by sectorsTighter than normal for
week ending 28 Nov
Expected furthertightening in
one month's time
(% of SMEs) (% of SMEs)
Wholesale trade 12.0 12.0
Retail trade 10.0 7.5
Import/export trades 17.1 16.2
Restaurants 19.0 12.1
Transport services 0 8.3
Travel agents 3.3 3.3
Financing institutions 12.5 10.0
Insurance agents and brokers 15.0 15.0
Construction and related activities 11.4 5.7
Business services 5.7 0
All the above sectors 12.5 10.7
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Outlook for HK
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Latest 2009 forecasts vary widely
Standard Chartered: 2.3% Fitch: -1.2%
IMF: 2% Morgan Stanley:
-1.2%
HSBC: 1% JP Morgan: -1.3%
S&P: 0.7-1.2% Credit Suisse: -2.2%
Bank of China: 0.5%
Citigroup: 0.3%
Hang Seng Bank: 0%
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Our latest assessment
• Global economy in a dire state; timing of recovery still highly uncertain
• HK’s GDP growth likely to turn negative in 2008 Q4 and 2009 H1
• Recession in 2009 seems inevitable given the recession in advanced economies and ensuing drag on Asia
• China still a positive factor for HK, esp with series of measures to boost domestic demand and forestall severe export slowdown
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Measures to mitigate the impact :
• Ensure banking sector liquidity and monetary stability
• SME loan guarantee schemes
• Job creation initiatives
• Increase minor construction projects and speed up infrastructure projects where possible
• CPG’s support for HKSARG
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End