U.O.I projectU.O.I projectWater pollution and the O-Water pollution and the O-

zonezone

By Arman KashifBy Arman Kashif

UNIT OF INQUIRY TOPICUNIT OF INQUIRY TOPIC

How is water pollution harming the How is water pollution harming the O-zone layer?O-zone layer?

– 1.What is the O-zone layer? 1.What is the O-zone layer? – 2.Can water pollution lead to global 2.Can water pollution lead to global

warming?warming?– 3.What can you do to stop the destruction 3.What can you do to stop the destruction

of the O-zone layer?of the O-zone layer?– 4.How can water pollution or the O-zone 4.How can water pollution or the O-zone

layer destruction kill living life?layer destruction kill living life?

KEY FINDINGS

I thought that water pollution, ozone layer and global warming are connected to each other and therefore I chose this topic for my UOI. After the research I found that that there is no direct relationship between the three topics. These are 3 different subjects and one does not affect the other. My work therefore presents these issues separately.

What is the O-zone layer?What is the O-zone layer?

1.The O-zone layer is in the stratosphere 1.The O-zone layer is in the stratosphere circling the earth.circling the earth.

2.The layer shields the entire earth from 2.The layer shields the entire earth from much of the harmful radiation from the much of the harmful radiation from the sun.sun.

3.O-zone is a special form of oxygen made 3.O-zone is a special form of oxygen made up of 3 oxygen atoms.up of 3 oxygen atoms.

4.The O-zone layer absorbs 93-99% of the 4.The O-zone layer absorbs 93-99% of the suns high frequency radiation. suns high frequency radiation.

PICTURE SHOWING O-ZONE LAYER

Today, there is widespread concern that the ozone layer is deteriorating due to the release of pollution containing the chemicals chlorine and bromine. Such deterioration allows large amounts of ultraviolet B rays to reach Earth, which can cause skin cancer and cataracts in humans and harm animals as well.

Researchers also have documented changes in the reproductive rates of young fish, shrimp, and crabs as well as frogs and salamanders exposed to excess ultraviolet B.

One atom of chlorine can destroy more than a hundred thousand ozone molecules, according to the the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency

The ozone layer above the Antarctic has been particularly impacted by pollution since the mid-1980s. This region’s low temperatures speed up the conversion of CFCs to chlorine. In the southern spring and summer, when the sun shines for long periods of the day, chlorine reacts with ultraviolet rays, destroying ozone on a massive scale, up to 65 percent. This is what some people erroneously refer to as the "ozone hole." In other regions, the ozone layer has deteriorated by about 20 percent

About 90 percent of CFCs currently in the atmosphere were emitted by industrialized countries in the Northern Hemisphere, including the United States and Europe. These countries banned CFCs by 1996, and the amount of chlorine in the atmosphere is falling now. But scientists estimate it will take another 50 years for chlorine levels to return to their natural levels.

FACTS ABOUT THE O-zone layer / How can water pollution or the O-zone layer How can water pollution or the O-zone layer destruction kill living lifedestruction kill living life

Can water pollution lead to Can water pollution lead to global warming? global warming? 1.Water pollution can’t directly lead to global 1.Water pollution can’t directly lead to global

warming.warming.2.The only way it can, is when oil spills, because the 2.The only way it can, is when oil spills, because the

chemicals in the oil are harmful to the chemicals in the oil are harmful to the O-zone layer.O-zone layer.3.The indirect ways that harm the O-zone layer are 3.The indirect ways that harm the O-zone layer are

CFCs (chlorofluorocarbons).CFCs (chlorofluorocarbons).4.CFCs are usually found in hairsprays, Ac s or 4.CFCs are usually found in hairsprays, Ac s or

refrigerators.refrigerators.5.CFCs harm the O-zone layer because when CFCs 5.CFCs harm the O-zone layer because when CFCs

are un reactive they will rise from the atmosphere are un reactive they will rise from the atmosphere to the stratosphere and the chlorine in the CFC to the stratosphere and the chlorine in the CFC gases will kill the O-zone particles. gases will kill the O-zone particles.

How can water pollution kill How can water pollution kill living life?living life?

5.Tropical diseases could be spread on 5.Tropical diseases could be spread on humans or animals because of the humans or animals because of the bad pollution.bad pollution.

6.Animals can die. 6.Animals can die.

What is Global Warming?What is Global Warming?

GLOBAL WARMINGGLOBAL WARMING

is the increase of is the increase of the Earth’s average the Earth’s average surface surface temperature due to temperature due to a build-up of a build-up of greenhouse gases greenhouse gases in the atmosphere.in the atmosphere.

How Global Warming WorksHow Global Warming Works

Fossil fuels (coal, oil, natural gas)

Carbon Dioxide (CO2)

Greenhouse gases

The "greenhouse effect" is the warming that happens when certain gases in Earth's atmosphere trap heat. These gases let in light but keep heat from escaping, like the glass walls of a greenhouse.

First, sunlight shines onto the Earth's surface, where it is absorbed and then radiates back into the atmosphere as heat. In the atmosphere, “greenhouse” gases trap some of this heat, and the rest escapes into space. The more greenhouse gases are in the atmosphere, the more heat gets trapped.

This greenhouse effect is what keeps the Earth's climate livable. Without it, the Earth's surface would be an average of about 60 degrees Fahrenheit cooler. In 1895, the Swedish chemist Svante Arrhenius discovered that humans could enhance the greenhouse effect by making carbon dioxide, a greenhouse gas. He kicked off 100 years of climate research that has given us a sophisticated understanding of global warming

Scientists often use the term "climate change" instead of global warming. This is because as the Earth's average temperature climbs, winds and ocean currents move heat around the globe in ways that can cool some areas, warm others, and change the amount of rain and snow falling. As a result, the climate changes differently in different areas.

FACTS ABOUT GLOBAL WARMING

CAUSES OF GLOBAL WARMING

1

CO2 from

airplanes & vehicles

2

POPULATION POPULATION INCREASEINCREASE

3

What can you do to stop global What can you do to stop global warming?warming?

1.Instead of using CFCs manufacturers could use 1.Instead of using CFCs manufacturers could use CFAs in their products.CFAs in their products.

2.You would use CFAs because they are less 2.You would use CFAs because they are less harmful to the environment.harmful to the environment.

3.Use compact florescent bulbs because you will 3.Use compact florescent bulbs because you will avoid 1,430 lbs. of carbon dioxide pollution.avoid 1,430 lbs. of carbon dioxide pollution.

4.Plant trees because they help produce oxygen.4.Plant trees because they help produce oxygen.

5.Use O-zone friendly products. 5.Use O-zone friendly products.

We can stop global We can stop global warming!warming!

Turn off your computer or Turn off your computer or the TV when you’re not the TV when you’re not using it.using it.

Turn off the lights when you leave a room. Turn off the lights when you leave a room.

Be Bulb Smart—Use CFLsBe Bulb Smart—Use CFLs

IncandescentCompact

Fluorescent

500 lbs. of coal

•1,430 lbs. CO2 pollution avoided

•$30 saved

Dress lightly when it’s hot instead Dress lightly when it’s hot instead of turning up the air of turning up the air conditioning.conditioning.

Unplug unused electronicsUnplug unused electronics

Plant trees. Plant trees.

Recycle.Recycle.

Drive LESS, drive SMART

Use a Use a bicyclebicycle or or busbus

Wind Power

Solar Power

Fuel efficient cars

Thank you for viewing my Thank you for viewing my presentation presentation