UoG SFL Truck Conversions Dual Fuel SS - … · • Potential shocks to system ... • Mercedes...
Transcript of UoG SFL Truck Conversions Dual Fuel SS - … · • Potential shocks to system ... • Mercedes...
Presentation
• Introduction to Hardstaff Group
• Dual Fuel Overview
• The Need for Dual Fuel
• Hardstaff, the OEM’s and Technology
• Containment Options• Containment Options
• Where Next - Cost and Climate
• Cost Management
• Facts and Figures
Road Transport & DistributionT. Baden Hardstaff Ltd (parent
Dual Fuel Vehicle Technology
Natural Gas Fuel Supply & Infrastructure
Hardstaff Group
T. Baden Hardstaff Ltd (parent
company)Technology Infrastructure
Portal Gas Services
Truck Dealership & Support ServicesMercedes-Benz and DAF Trucks
Concrete Safety Barriers for Highway & Security ApplicationHardstaff Traffic Barrier Services Ltd
Registered Training SchoolCPC Driver Training
Hardstaff History
• 150 year Heritage – 5th
Generation
• Established haulage business
• Key role in introduction of Dual
fuel to road haulagefuel to road haulage
• Key Patents in Dual Fuel space
• In discussion with all but 1 EU
OEM
• Strategic gas storage
What is Dual Fuel
Dual fuel is a combustion technology that
simultaneously burns two fuels - natural gas or bio-
methane and diesel.
Methane or natural gas is not the same as LPG
Progress in Dual Fuel
1999 The Hardstaff Innovative Transport and
Environmental Scheme (H.I.T.E.S)
2002 We were the first Energy Saving Trust /
Department for Transport Stakeholder for Dual
Fuel systems and later for LCNG Stations
2003 Formed Portal Gas Services2003 Formed Portal Gas Services
2002/4 Hardstaff Caterpillar collaboration
2006 OIGI® Dual Fuel Technology patented
2008/9 OIGI® patented HDX-I Dual Fuel Technology
no access to the OEM’s ECU required.
Why Natural Gas – Why Dual Fuel
• Methane is the cleanest fuel next to hydrogen
– Diesel dual fuel IC engine
• Around 60% gas substitution
• Around 15% CO2 reduction
– Industry and legislators now endorse
dual fuel technology
• Spark ignition losing support
– State-of-the-art dedicated gas may reach 10 %
– Typically closer to zero due to relative inefficiency.
– Limited power ratings inefficient by comparison
– Does it tick the CO2 box ?
– Costly maintenance regimes and residual issues
Why Dual Fuel - Climate Change
Compared to conventional diesel
Why Dual Fuel – Tax Incentive
Government
Tax = 58p Tax = 0.18p
Forecou
rt
signage
with
prices
Operator
Natural gasDiesel
Why Hardstaff Dual Fuel
• Clear financial model
• Proven “in the real world”
technology
• Supported by OEM
warranties
• Precision electronic control
– Maximum safe substitution
– Best emission performance
• No effect on OBD systems
• Its available, its supported
Hardstaff and the OEM’s
• Always work with OEM acceptance
• Usually sold through an OEM dealer
• Un-interrupted OEM warranty
– Strive for OEM engineering
standardsstandards
– Developed in own facilities
– Tested in own fleet
• Develop technology by engine platform
• Develop installation by chassis
Hardstaff Approach to the Technology
• Non invasive installations
– Quick to install, or remove
• Patented electronics package -
– Works by stealth, maximum control,
– Sequential gas injection, metered on a
• No interface with CAN – Key to OEM acceptance
– Sequential gas injection, metered on a
cylinder by cylinder basis.
• Right solution
– Flexible pricing options
– Flexible gas containment options
– Flexible exhaust after treatment options
– No impact on residual value
Cylinder by Cylinder Control
What Tools are in the Toolbox
Vehicle type Present fuel LPGLiquid
bio fuels Full electric
Hybrids (energy
recuperation)
Bio-natural gas
(CNG & LNG)
Cars Petrol & diesel Yes (conv.) Yes (%) Yes (city cars) Yes Yes (CNG)
Vans Diesel Yes (conv.) Yes (%) No Yes Yes (CNG)
Delivery trucks
Diesel No Yes (%) No Yes Yes (CNG)
Urban buses Diesel No Yes (%) Yes (wired) Yes Yes (CNG)
Coaches Diesel No Yes (%) No No Yes (LNG)
Heavy on road trucks
Diesel No Yes (%) No No Yes (LNG)
Heavy off road trucks
Diesel No Yes (%) No No Yes (LNG)
Railway locomotives
Diesel &
electric? Yes (%) Yes (wired) No Yes (LNG)
Ships Diesel ? Yes (%) No No Yes (LNG)
Storage Choices
LNG opens the way for medium
to long distance road transport
Containment Choices - Vehicle Fuel
PROS•Ambient temperature
•Security of supply
•Higher methane content
•Summer gas price for winter use
CNG LNG
PROS•Security of supply •Summer gas price for winter use
•Immediate and easy access to Bio methane
CONS•Moisture content
•Variable methane content
•Gas price fluctuation (summer/winter)
•Cannot be odourised
•Cryogenic
•Limited shelf life
•Transport by road
Containment Choices – Vehicle Storage
PROS
•User friendly – easy to fill
•Accurate metering
•Accurate dash board ‘fuel gauge’
•Ambient temperature
•Long cylinder life (20-years)
•Established Standards & Code of Practice
•Over 7 million CNG vehicles worldwide
•Better range availability
•Less chassis space required
CONS
•Cylinder inspections required every 3 years
•Heavier containment
•Cannot part fill
•Varied driver acceptance
•Use it or loose it
CNG LNG
CONS •Heavier containment
•Requires extra chassis space•Use it or loose it
•No written standards (currently in progress)
•Additional driver training
•LNG tanks require re-vacuuming (3-5 years)
•Methane release during refuelling (currently)
Filling Stations
PROS•Established technology
•Low site inventories (no bulk storage)
•Low power consumption
•Lower capital cost
•No oil carry over
•Bio-methane option with attainable CO2 credits
•Mobility – no pipeline
•Modular design
CNG LCNG
•Modular design
•LNG dispensing option
CONS•High capital cost
•Higher maintenance cost
•Susceptible to oil carry over
•High power consumption
•No Bio-methane option
•Specialist engineers required
•Cryogenic bulk storage
Filling Station Locations
http://binged.it/GHxhDM
European Picture
Global Picture
Naturally Versatile
• Designed to be cost effective for
working fleets
– Proven in Hardstaff fleet - over 100 m KM
– No driver intervention required
– Switches in and out of gas automatically
– Excellent drivability– Excellent drivability
– Runs on diesel only if required
– No effect OEM maintenance regime
– Serviced in own VMU or OEM dealer
– Major components have second life
– Flexible depreciation options
– No effect on residuals
“When it drops out of
dual fuel and goes onto
diesel I can’t tell the
difference.
Oil Price Moving Forward
• Momentum is currently upwards
– Production below expectations around the globe
– Libya not fully on line
– Syria embargo
– Conflicts in Yemen and South Sudan
• Against back drop of tight supply• Against back drop of tight supply
– Emerging market demand +1.5 mbo /day each year
– $100 dollar oil here to stay
• Potential shocks to system
– Prospect of Israeli strike on Iran
– Straights of Hormuz becomes uninsurable
Gas v’s Diesel - Trends
Cost Management
• KPI’s in the industry – MPG
• Cost of a mile is also driven by the cost rather than
amount of fuel
– But this is usually a given input into the p/mile equation
Diesel truck – Pence / litre determined
by fuel suppliers:by fuel suppliers:
Diesel = 1.16/ ltr
MPG = 8.5mpg
p/mile = 116p/ltr x 4.546 / 8.5= 62p/m
Dual fuel technology influences your fuel price
Dual Fuel Equivalent Ltr.
Dual Fuel truck – Pence / litre
Determined by gas substitution rate:
lets say at 60% gas subs’
Diesel = 1.16 / ltr * 40%Diesel = 1.16 / ltr * 40%Gas = 63.4 / equiv’ ltr x 60%
Your DF ltr costs 84.4p
MPG = 8.5 mpg
p/mile = 84.4p/ltr X 4.546 / 8.5 = 45.1p/m
Assumes 3.6 kg/gal and gas at 80p / kg
Model Range Coverage
• Engine Platforms
• Mercedes OM501
• Mercedes OM457
• Mercedes OM926
• Mercedes OM906
• Volvo D7• Volvo D7
• Models
• Mercedes Axor
• Mercedes Actros
• Mercedes Econic
• Volvo FL 240
• Volvo FE 340
Facts and Figures - Clear Financial Model
• MPG
• MPA
• Substitution rate
• R&M figure
• Boil the complex issues down to some thing really simple
• R&M figure
• Cost of fuel
Typical Operating Scenarios
• Typical result - Primary
• MPG – negative 0.5mpg (8.5)
• 60% Substitution
• R&M 1 p/mile
• 16p/mile saved
• Payback in 175000 km
• Typical result – Multi-drop
• MPG – negative 0.5mpg (7.0)
• 55% Substitution
• R&M 1 p/mile
• 17p/mile saved
• Payback in 165000 km• Payback in 175000 km • Payback in 165000 km
Operators
Waitrose
Thank You for Your Time
Photos