Uoc presentation bsc_04_22_2011
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Transcript of Uoc presentation bsc_04_22_2011
© Donald E. Hanna University of Wisconsin
Open University of Catalunya April 14, 2011
My research framework and interests
! Organizational models and frameworks that support innovation and change
! The importance of organizational leadership and vision ! The importance of social and group interaction in
learning ! Organizational adaptation toward change ! Building quality into learning frameworks
My work at UOC
! Publication/scholarship ! Chapter on emerging technologies and organisational
models for universities—Michael Moore, Handbook of Distance Education
! Chapter on organising learning in online environments—Diane Salter book entitled: Lessons from Award Winning Teachers: Implications for Staff Development and Institutional Change
! Atlantis Proposal—Benchmarking eLearning in the European Union and the USA; funding proposal submitted to EU and USA FIPSE program
! Also looking at educational model of UOC as a case study for comparison—this has taken more time than I thought it would
Thank you all
! Albert and Enric ! Cris and Yolanda ! All of you as colleagues and friends
Today’s conversation
! Fostering a Learning Culture: Strategies Toward Excellence
! Changing times and contexts ! Changing learners ! Changing teaching and learning ! Changing organisational structures ! Changing services to learners
University of Wisconsin
Madison, Wisconsin
University of Wisconsin
Where are we going?
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=L2zqTYgcpfg
Changing times
! “Through education, a person and his or her world come to terms and he or she becomes what he or she is within it.” Russell Kleis
! “Good teachers possess a capacity for connectedness. To teach is to create a safe place for learning.” Parker Palmer
! “The mind is not a vessel to be filled but a fire to be kindled. Plutarch
! What we have to learn to do, we learn by doing.” Aristotle
! “Life moves pretty fast sometimes. If you don't stop and look around once in a while, you could miss it.” Ferris Bueller
Weather?
In the United States
! Currently approximately 38% of adults of working age—25-64 years old—have a 4 year college degree
! By 2020, it is estimated that 62% of all jobs will require advanced education currently certified by at least a 4 year degree
! Meeting this challenge will require a dramatic expansion of places in universities, greater efficiency, and new educational models
Changes in context
! The new context and need for learning ! The importance of education in building democratic
societies ! The knowledge economy ! From standardization to customization ! From isolation of knowledge to connection of knowledge
! across disciplines ! across organizational boundaries ! across cultures ! across people
The changing cultural context
And our changed conversations
Changes in universities Time Frame: Pre-Gutenberg 1439- 1960- 2000-
Purposes Community Place Technology Network
Knowledge Creation
Isolated Communities
Laboratory Distributed ICT Formation and
Distribution Dynamic
Constraints Limited Expertise Isolated Access Obsolescence
Storage Alexandria Irish Monks
Library Library
Computer Center
Cloud
Constraints Preservation Access Competency Control
Sharing/Exchange
Word of Mouth Classroom Classroom
Internet Worldwide Web
Electronic
Constraints Reach Location Interaction Focus
Application Religious Society Society/International
Global
Constraints Narrow Connections Culture Language
Certification Designated Master
Conferred Degree
Conferred Degree
Competency Assessment?
Constraints Application Limited Standards Recognition
D.E. Hanna, 2011
From: Hanna, Donald E. Emerging Organizational Models in Higher Education: Handbook of Distance Education, edited by Michael Moore, Erlbaum Publishers, 2006. ©
Collegium Bureaucracy Enterprise
Orientation to change
Conservers Pragmatists Originators
Leadership Stewardship Preservation Visionary
Values Faculty/program Administrative efficiency
Client-oriented
Decision-making Restricted/shared internal
Vertical/top-down Horizontal/shared with stakeholders
Support structures
Program-driven Rule-focused Learner-focused
Key messages Quality Efficiency Market-driven
The changing cultures of higher education
From: Hanna, Donald E. Emerging Organizational Models in Higher Education: Handbook of Distance Education, edited by Michael Moore, Erlbaum Publishers, 2006. ©
Collegium Bureaucracy Enterprise
Communication strategies
Internal Vertical and formal
External, informal horizontal,
Systems and resources
Duplicated according to need
Stable, efficient, pre-organized
Evolving as needed
Budgets Stable/priority programs
Tightly controlled Fluid/opportunity-seeking
Organizational features
Specialized Segmented and vertical
Integrated and cross-functional
Alliances Value not easily recognized
Unnecessary Sought out and implemented
Key messages Stick together Don’t rock the boat
Seize the day
The changing cultures of higher education
The changing cultures of higher education
From: Hanna, Donald E. Emerging Organizational Models in Higher Education: Handbook of Distance Education, edited by Michael Moore, Erlbaum Publishers, 2006. ©
Collegium Bureaucracy Enterprise
Actions Evolutionary Targeted Revolutionary
New programs Complement existing programs
Fit existing structures
Make new markets/force new structures
Competition Avoid competition Minimize competition through regulation
Exploit competitive advantage
Strategies Improve quality Improve efficiency Establish new market ‘niches’
Faculty and staff value
Independence Authority and predictability
Collaboration
Rewards Individual Functional Organizational
Changing conversations
! Our conversations just a few years ago were about institutions, conformity, education as a finished product, and teachers as controllers
! Now our conversations are focused around communities, diversity, learning, and learners.
Changes in learners
! From basic skills to more advanced skills ! From drill and repetition to problem-solving and
assessment ! From “tell me what to do and how to do it” to: “How
to do it and how to share with others how to do it.” ! From reliance on institutions to self-reliance and
collaboration with others ! From individual content mastery to group and
organizational learning
Changes in teaching and learning
! What we know from learning theory ! Learning starts from what the individual already knows ! Learning is a social activity (Vygotsky; Dewey) ! Creating a safe space for learning is essential (Palmer) ! Effective learning requires the learner’s engagement (Jonassen;
Kiersley) ! Dewey: knowing is literally something we do! Cannot be separated
from the person and the person’s context, culture, and experience ! Not only adults, but children also
! The idea of life-long, but also life-wide, and life-deep learning ! Banks, et.al.
How do children learn?
! Constantly interact with their environment ! Seek out new information ! Learn immediately from their experiences ! Ask a lot of questions ! Look for every opportunity to interact with other people ! Make lots of ‘mistakes’ ! Use their ‘mistakes’ to learn (no fear)
Why can’t we create this in adult settings?
Ideal learning environments
! Learner and problem-centered ! Highly social and interactive ! Very often collaborative
Meaningful engaged learning
! Vision for engagement ! Appropriate tasks ! Ongoing assessment ! Interactive strategies ! Knowledge-building
community ! Teacher as co-learner and
coach
! Safe and supportive community
! Collaborative inquiry ! Heterogeneous/diverse
groupings ! Learner as explorer and
discoverer
Adapted from Jones, Valdez, Norakowski, and Rasmussen (1994). Designing Learning and Technology for Educational Reform. North Central Regional Educational Laboratory.
Changes in learner services
! Services must be customized and responsive to the learner’s needs
! Learner services are emotional, not mechanical ! The importance of learner services as a valuable
element of quality learning environments ! Herzberg’s Hygiene Factor Theory
Strategies for Excellence
Strategies for online educators
! Educate leaders about the changing needs of learners ! Develop rewards for the ‘scholarship of teaching’,
(Boyer, 1990) ! Build opportunities for teachers and learners to
collaborate ! Support development of citizen, professional and
personal learning in social situations ! Encourage teachers who provide opportunities for
learners to teach in low-risk situations
Strategies for online educators
! Focus on building an entrepreneurial, ethical, and collaborative culture
! Establish partnerships and alliances across organizational boundaries
! Build wherever possible external and internal problem-solving strategies that involve key stakeholders
! Expand outreach to important communities ! Develop linkage strategies that enable new innovations
to enter our organizations ! Facilitate the diffusion of innovation ! Increase paths of access to learning
Strategies for online educators
! Integrate team-building, problem-solving, and critical thinking systematically throughout the curriculum
! Develop strategies for engaging learners in teaching what they are learning
! Connect learners with each other ! Connect learning with the learner’s previous
experiences in every way possible ! Invest in developing teaching skills in the creative use
of technology
Strategies for online educators
! Conduct research regarding effective administrative and academic support functions ! responsiveness to diverse and individual students needs as a primary
measure of overall quality of programs
! Build remotely accessible 24 hour, 7 days per week services in every way possible: ! computing support, library support, registration and records access,
institutional information; handbooks and governance processes, etc.
! Develop personalized learning services accessible to all ! Create points of access and advocacy for learners
Strategies for online educators
! Consider “appreciative inquiry” as an overall strategy for organizational change (Coopenrider; Watkins; Mohr)
! Discover ! Dream ! Design ! Deliver
! Appreciative inquiry is based on a deceptively simple premise: that organizations grow in the direction of what they repeatedly ask questions about and focus their attention on.
! Emerging Trends ! Benchmarking, Collaboration, Modular Degrees, Need-based
Planning
! Indicators of Excellence ! Alignment, Leadership, Assessment, Curriculum, Support
! Indicators of Problems ! Poor Planning, Disconnection with Mission, Lack of
Communication, Poor Financial Model, Poor Learning Model, Teachers and Students “on their own”
The future
Final thoughts
! Multiple levels of planning for quality ! Ie course, programme, institution
! Multiple perspectives of assessment ! Ie learners, faculty, employers, administration, society
! Assessment outcomes built into programme decision-making
! Broad-based planning and communication ! Continuous improvement built into the culture at
every level
knowing is literally something we do.
John Dewey